Social Status and Rolesand

Types of Societies

Chapter 5 Section 2

And

Chapter 5 Section 3 and 4

I. Rights and Obligations

A. Role

1. Role--expected behavior associated with a particular status

2. Status “in action”

a. Status describes a position

b. Role describes behavior

c. Behavior is based on rights and obligations

B. Rights

1. Behaviors that individuals expect from others

C. Obligations

1. Behavior that individuals are expected to perform toward others

D. Example (How does this help us understand a group?)

1. Teachers have an obligation to prepare lesson

2. Students have a right to expect that teachers prepare them adequately

II. Role performance and Social Interaction

A. Status and Roles are the basis for group lifeB. Role Performance

1. The actual behavior of an individual in a roleC. Social Interaction

1. The process of influencing each other as people relate

2. “Cues” --EX: Language before a fight

Leslie Visser

III. Role Conflict

A. Status and Roles permits social life to be orderly

B. Diversity that invites conflict and strain

C. Role Conflict--Condition in which the performance of a role in one status

interferes with the performance of a role in another status

1. Student who has a job

D. Role Strain--condition in which the roles of a single status are inconsistent or

conflicting

1. Teacher being a club sponsor

2. Student who wants to do well academically and

participate in extra curricular

3. Hypocritical at times—Star Athlete who is busted for drugs

V. Types of SocietyA. Definition--

1. People living within defined territorial borders and sharing a common

culture comprised of social structure while meeting its peoples basic needs

2. Types of Societiesa. Preindustrial (2 million yrs ago)

(B,C,D,E)b. Industrial (F)c. Postindustrial (Present Day) (G)

B. Hunting and Gathering Society (p.154)

1. A society that survives by hunting animals and gathering

edible plants

2. Nomadic, Cooperative, No private ownership, labor based on

sex and age

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Grab Your Jackets

Anthropologists predict that in the next fifty years all hunting and gathering societies will cease to exist

Over 90 percent of all human existence has based its survival on this way of living

TASK: Work in Pairs Look for items that are EDIBLE, MEDICIANL

or can be used for a WEAPON Bring items back to class How would you survive on what you found?

Untouched Amazonian Tribe

C. Horticultural Society (p. 155)

1. A society that survives primarily through the growing of

plants

2. Led to permanent settlements

3. Group Survival is key!

D. Pastoral Societies (p. 156)1. A Society in which food is obtained

primarily by raising and taking care of animalsE. Agricultural Societies (p.157)

1. A Society that uses plows and draft animals in growing food

2. Government will replace the role of family3. Distinct Social Classes Appear

F. Industrial Society (p. 159)

1. A Society that depends on science and technology to produce it basic goods and

services

2. Creation of Mechanization (using machines)

3. Beginnings of Urbanization (farm to city life)

G. Postindustrial Society

1. Society in which the economic emphasis is on providing services and information

2. Soc. Daniel Bell p. 162--Features of an Postindustrial Society

3. Soc. Francis Fukuyama p. 162--if a nation is in the process of

changing to a Postindustrial Soc. it faces great social instability but will settle after the change