social indexing at stockholm public library 20090821
DESCRIPTION
Presentation held at "Looking at the past and preparing for the future", Firenze 2009-08-21TRANSCRIPT
Social indexing at Stockholm public library
Harriet AagaardLooking at the Past and Preparing for the Future
Florence, 2009-08-21
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Search from GoogleSearch for ”Flyga drake recension” (review)
Florence 2009-08-21
Search from GoogleSearch for ”Flyga drake recension” (review)
Florence 2009-08-21
Biblioteket.se and tagging
• Betaversion 2007-02-15. Available only for staff (”librarians”)
• 2008-02-15 tagging is open for all patrons
• Login to tag. – 1st time: create alias & agree to rules
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Tags
Unique tags• 2006 -2007 1221• 2008 602• 2009 – June, 15 316• Total no. tags 2139
• Umeå district library 4300• Ann Arbor district library 22000
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Usage of unique tagsUsage of unique tags
1399 tags are only used once
Total number of unique tags: 2139Total number of tagging: 5325The most popular tag has been used 145 times
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Ann Arbor district library
• Possible to tag for 2 1/2 years • 22000 unique tags
• Used on 11000 titles
• Set by 537 different users
• Around 5 % of the records have tags
• Less than 1 % of the users have set tags
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Ann Arbor district library
• The possibility to tag has been there for 2 1/2 years.
• 22000 unique tags
• Used on 11000 titles
• Set by 537 different users
• Around 5 % of the records have tags
• less than 1 % of the users have set tags
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Questions
• Which tags were used?
• Who sets tags?
• Why do users set tags?
• Do users set different tags from librarians?
• Compare tags to subject headings
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Method
• Too little information and not easy to get• Tags, date & time, number of use
• Categorized all tags • Studied the 66 most popular tags• Set up 2 focusgroups• A small group of non-librarians have tagged
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Search for non-librarians
s
64 reviews
1 tag
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A typical non-tagger?
Young female
Reviews
No tags
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Librarians – non-librarians
• More than 60% of the tags are made by librarians
• Most likely a lot more!
• 27 non-librarians
• Difficult to say anything conclusive
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Tag categories
• All 2139 tags have been studied and classified• 92 (4.3%) Private tags, e.g. “To_read”• 124 (5.8%) Tags reflecting personal opinions, e.g.
“Smashing”• 1923 (89.9%) Subject tags
• Most tags reflect subjects and are not for private use or personal opinions.
• Among the tags set by known non-librarians (27), 9.9 % reflected opinions and no tags were for private use.
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Subject tags
1923 subject tags
• 106 (5.5%) Genre
• 152 (7.9%) Geography
• 32 (1.7%) Prizes and awards
• 1633 (84.9%) Other
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Comparison to Subject headings
Stockholm public library
Subject headings for
• Non-fiction 1932- (LCSH)
• Fiction 1990-
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Different grammatical form
• 17.3% of all subject tags• 25.4% of non-librarians’ subject tags
• 62.9% singular form ”dog” instead of ”dogs”• 12.3% adjectives ”Violent”• 24,8% other differences
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Tags for multi words and phrases
• Tags are separated by space – only single words• Users want to create words and phrases
To become well• To• Become• Well
• Bad for consistency• Las Vegas: Las_Vegas, LasVegas, Las-Vegas
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The 66 most popular tagsused more than 10 times
Usage Tag145 Öknar (Deserts)139 klassiker 87 fantasy65 Origami55 Bör-läsas (Should be read)48 humor 48 kärlek (Love)46 Hugo-vinnare (A literary prize)42 provläs (Read to see if you like it)41 Krig (War) 40 Relationer…
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Mediatype tagged
• 41 (62%) fiction• 33 (50%) non-fiction• 19 (29%) film (dvd, vhs)• 5 (7.6%) music (cd)
Each tag can be used on more than one mediatype.
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Comparison to subject headings
(10 tags were for private use or reflected personal opinions)
56 subject tags• 29 (51.8%) Identical• 6 (10.7%) Almost identical• 7 (12.5%) More specific • 11 (37.9) More common• 3 (5.4%) Different
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Different tags
• Activities_with_children (12)useful for parents
• Children_in_danger (13) Several subjects headings: Childabuse, Mobbing, Immigrant girls
• Alternative-history (13)
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Why do users tag?Why don’t they tag?
No users contacted me about tagging
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Non-librarian users2 focus-groups• A) Players of role-playing games (4 persons, 15-20 years old)• B) Players of other games (5 persons, all 17 years old)
• Did not tag• Used the library, but not the website• Did not search the catalogue for fiction• Sceptical to user supplied information• “Only people that like a book writes about it”• “Librarians write better reviews”• Preferred descriptions to reviews• Preferred subject headings to tags• Books take a long time to read…
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Non-librarian users2 focus-groups• A) Players of role-playing games (4 persons, 15-20 years old)• B) Players of other games (5 persons, all 17 years old)
• Did not tag• Used the library, but not the website• Did not search the catalogue for fiction• Sceptical to user supplied information• “Only people that like a book writes about it”• “Librarians write better reviews”• Preferred descriptions to reviews• Preferred subject headings to tags• Books take a long time to read…
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Non-librarian taggers
• 8 people were asked to tag 10-20 tags
• 5 did tag
• 1 wrote reviews ”neaded more words”
• 2 found it too difficult & timeconsuming
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Non-librarian taggers
• None had tagged before• Difficult but interesting (4)• Quite easy (1)• Would have liked more information about how to
tag
• Tagging is not easy, but some people like to tag
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Tagging is not easy
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Users
• Most users do not want to tag!
• Difficult
• Cannot see the use of tags
• Most librarians love to tag
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Open librarieshttp://oppnabiblioteket.se
• Creating API’s for
• Part 1.Sharing librarians’ reviews
• Part 2. Sharing user supplied reviews, ratings and tags
• Cooperation between public libraries, university libraries and Libris
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Jönköping university libraryuses the API for Boktips.net
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Future improvements
• Multi term tags: Las Vegas
• Help forming tags – How to tag– Online suggestions
• Make tags more visible:– Tagclouds– From My loans etc.
• Sharing tags with other libraries. Öppna bibliotek.
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Conclusion
• > 60 % of the tags were set by librarians • Users find tagging less attractive than reviews
and ratings• Few users set tags• Still useful – the Long Tail• Tags set by non-librarians differ from subject
headings – but how much?• Tags do not replace subject headings