social and moral evils of islam

8/12/2019 Social and Moral Evils of Islam

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SO LNMOR VLSOSL M


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Mhammdansms held bymnywhohavetol i ve unde i ts shadowto bethe mst degradedrel i g on mral ly i n the world. speak of i t assuperi or to the other rel igions becauseof i tsmnotheisti c fath but I woudrather bel i eve i n tenpuregodsthannoneGodwhowoudhaveor his suprempropheandrepresentati ve amnwthMhammdsma character. Canarel igion of i mmral i ty orma i nferiori ty me the needsof struggl i ng mn?-RobetE SpeerBut i f yefear that yecanno dojusti ce beween

orphans thenmrywhaseemgoodoyouof womnbywos or threes or fours; and yeear that yecannobeequ tabe thenonl yone or whayour ri ght handspossess. -Pam Qur a IV rBut those whoseperverseness youfear admnshthemandremvethemnto bedchamesandbeathem -Pam Qur an IV 77Thees ani mpervi ous ba to al l socia i ntercoursebeweenhesexesbeforemriage Suchamriages methanalottery; therecanbenoafecti ontobegi nwth and except onrare occasions i t i snol i kelythat i t wll turnouttoberea lyhappy If i tbethooughyuncongeni al amnries his luckoncemen the sammserab e lottery andfor hi s own

happ ness andprobabya so for that of al l concernedannuls the previ ous bond Hencepoygami mpl i esfreedomf di vorce andbohtogether arethe i nevi tab eresu t of theseclusionof thefemalesex. Buttoabol i shbylawhe twofomwthout deal i ng wththe farmefundamna i nsti tution whchs i ts root woudbeocarryonawawthsymtomonly andoinroduceevi lswosethanhose i t i swshedoprevent.-1?. BoswothSmth

110


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VSO LNMR LEVLSOFISL MThepresent social andmra condtionoMhammdanandsandofMsleminal ands

isno suchasit is inspte of bubecauseoftheir reigion Theawocauseandeffect hasopeaedoroveathousandyeasundeeveypossibe naua andpolitical envronmntamngSemtes NegroesAyanraces andSlaysTheesultsaresosadysimlathatheyformaterribe andunansweabeindctmnt o thesocialandmraweaknessof IslamTheesnobeteprooof thenadequacyothereligionoMhammdthanastudyo thepresent intelectual socia andmracondtionsinMslemlands Wat thosecondtionsaeweknowfromhetestimnyof travelers politicians anddpoms as wel as fromhemssionaiesthemeves ThepueyMhammdanandsl ikeAaba Persia Mrocco andAghanstanaeatheant podesof civilizationafter thrteencenturies ofMslemue Thereasonfor it isfoundirst of al inthechaacteoMhammd

TheLawfCauseandffe t

Ix


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112 TheMsemWrldhmelf. Hewastheprophecyaswel asthepropheohs re igion.

TheLow Atreamcanno risehgherthants sourceI deal oCharacter aowercannobebroaderthants foundaioni n Islam Themasureof themra staureoMhammds thedeal inIsamHsconduct is thestandardof character. Wneednobesur-

prised therefore thatheethcal standardssolow RaymndLull thefirst mssonarytoMsemusedtoshownhs bodpreachngthaMhammdhadnoneo thesevencard-navrtuesandwasgultyothesevendeadysins; hedoublesswen toofar. But itwoudnobedfficut toshowhapride lust envyandangerwerepromnentraitsintheprophescharacter. ToreadthepagesoMuir orKoeeorSprengerisconvncng

Proof Thefolownginstances takenfromoelesMhammdandMhammdan smaresufficientproo:

Mohammds The first tofall asvctimoMhammdsTreachery indvduasvengeanceweresom otheJewshpersuasonwhohadmdehemevesobnoxousaboveohersbyatacknghmnverseHemnagedtoproduceanmressonamngs thepeo

plethahewoudike toberido themThehnwasreadlytakenupbypersonsanxoustoingratiatethemevesintheprophe sfavor The

P 9


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Socia andMra Evls 13gftedwomnAsna, andthehoarypoet,AbuAak, werebothmderedintheir sleep: theformrwhlesumerngonherbedwthaninaninherarm; thelatter whlst lying forcooness sake inanopenveranda. Noonedaredtomest theassassinof either of thesevctim; for itwsnosecret thatthefou deedshadbeenapprovedbytheprophet, andthathehadtreatedthe perpetrators wthmrkedfavor.Another nstanceis asfol lows: Oneof ther Hs

Vindctivenessmreinfluential RabbswsKabIbnAshraf,whohadlookedfavorabyuponMhammdt i l l hechangedtheKbafromJerusaemoMcca. Thenhebecamhsdecdedopponenattacknghmndhs rel igion inverse andwrkngaganthmnvariouswys. Hewsfirst tofa l asavctimoMhammdsvndctiveness. Theprophet despatchedfoumnamngst themKabsownfoster-brother toassassinatehmandsanct onedbeorehandanyl i or stratagemwhchtheymgh see i t toemoy soas tolurehmside. I t wsdarkwhentheyarrivedathshouse andhewsalreadynbedbutheycunnngyprevaleduponhmocomoutothemandwhentheyhadhmoneinthedarktheyoulymderedhmMhammdremneduptoawt their retunandwhentheyshowedhmabsheadhecorn-


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114 TheMsemWrdmndedheir deedandprasedAlah Buonthefolowngmrnngwhentheassassnatonhadbecomgeneralyknowntheews asIbnIshakinormus werestruckwthterror andnoneofthemregardedhs l ifesafeany onger.

Lying ndtotakeanotherexamewhatddDgni fi ed hammdteachregardngtruhuness? Thereare twoauhencatedsayngsof hs gveninthetradtions onthesubecto l ying:WenaservanoGodelsai e hsguardanangesmveawaytothedstanceof amlebecauseothebadnesso its sml. Thatseemacharacteristic denuncatonbu theothersayngconradctsit: Verilyai e isalowabeintheecases-towomn toreconci l e friends andinwar. Theassassinations asoohspo itica andre igiousopponens frequenlydrectedastheywereinal their crue andperfidous detail sbyMhammdhmef eavesadarkandnde ibebouponhs character. Wthsuchaprophetit isnowonderthatamnghs folowersandmtatorstruth-te l ing isoneotheost artsandthatperjuyis toocommntobenocedSnceMhammdgathered deasandstoriesfromheewsofMdnaandpamdthemffasaneweveatonfromGod it isnowonderthatArabaniteratureteemwthal sorts opagarismorthatoneotheearlyauhorities

I bi d. p. 179.


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Socia andMra Evls 115of Islamaiddownhecanonthatit is justifiabletol i e inpraseof theprophet. InregardtotheMhammdansof Persia D. St. Cair Tisdallsays Lynghasbeeneevatedtothedgntyof afine art owngtothedoctrineofKtmnud-din orreligous decept onwchis hedbytheShahreligous commnty.Mhammdwsapparenlyconusedastothenumerandcharacter of thecommndmntsgvenMses. AJewamtotheprophetandaskedhmabou thennewnderswchppearedbythehandof Mses. Theprophetsaid: DonotassocateanythngwthGoddonot stea donot commadutery,donot ki l ldonot takeannnocenbeorethekngtobekilled donot practise.mgc, donot takeiterest donot accusean nnocenwomnofadutery,donotrunawaynbattle andespecialy for youJew, donotwrkontheSabbathThelaxandmmra inerpretationbyslemtheoogansof theThrdSxth SevenhEghthandNnhcommndmntsof thedecaogueareveryevident. Buthat inerpretation

i sbasedontheKorantself wchis full of thevanuseof Godsnamandneedess oathswchpermtsmrderinjahadorreligouswr,wchalowpoygam, dvorce andthecaptueof slaves.

IslamandtheDecaogue

LaxInterpret ti onofCommndments


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116 TheMsemWrldPolygam Therearecertain evils whchtheMsem vorceandSlavery reigionalowowhcht is al sonecessaryto

wite Theyexist no inspiteo Isambubecauseo Isamandbecauseo theteachngo its SacredBook. Thesesocial evil s aresoclosey intertwnedwththewhoesystemhattheycanneverbewholyabandonedwthoudongvoencetotheteachngotheoranandtheexameoMhammd InMsembooksof theoogy urisprudenceandethcs therearelongchapersoneachothesesubects NorcantherebetheeastdoubthatpoygamandsaveryhavehadatremndouspowerinthespreadandgraspoIsam It isthetestimnyohstorythat thesavetradersoZanzibarwerealso themssonarieso IsaminArica;andtheast censusreportoBenga statesthattheincreaseo theMhammdanpopuationtheresduenotoconversonsfromHndusmbutopoygamandconcubnageasopendoorsintoahghercasteorsubmrgednduwmnhood Theoosemra codeoIsamhaseverbeenanattractiontothepagantribesoAricaandAsaoveraganstthedemndsothegospeandthelawo Christ Mrally Isams aneasygongreigion

Legal Status It is imossbetogvehereeveninoulineofWmn thetruecharacter extent andeffect o thesetheere igious instituionsoIsamsu


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Socia andMra Evls 117 m whoives uptohs privi leges andwhofol lows theexameof thesans inhscaendar canhavefou wvesandanynumeofsaveconcubnes candvorceat hs peasuehecanremrryhs dvorcedwvesbyaspecialthoughabomnabearrangemn; and inadd.ti ontoal ths, if hebeongtotheShahsect hecanconract mrrages for peasue (Mtaa),whcharetemorary The verychaper intheMhammdanBbewhchdeaswththelega statu of,womn says M. Robert ESpeer, and whchpovdes that everyhammdanmyhave fou legal wves andasmnyconcubnesorslavegrls ashs righthandcanhod goes bythe title intheKoranitself of The Cow; andinTukeythewrdcows actualyappedtowomnbytheMslem.Thedegradngvew hedas regards theMarriageaKndofwhoemrriagerelation aresummdupbySaveryGhazza whenhesays: Mrriage is akndofslavery, for thewfebecomstheslaverakeekof her husband andt is herduyabsoueyto obeyhmneveryhngherequresof herexcepinwha isconrarytothelawof IslamWfebeatings alowedbytheKoranandthemthodandlimtationsareexpanedbythelawof rel igon It is verycommnnArabaandPersia.


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118 TheMsemWrldTheSlave Araba thecrade of Isami s sti l l acentertrade of theslavetrade andaccordngtotheKoran

saveryandthesavetradearedvneinstituti ons. SomMsemapologsts othepresentdaycontendthathammdookeduponthecustomstemoraryini ts naturebutsaveryi s so nterwovenwththelawsomrriage osae o i nheri tance andwththewhoesoc afabri c that i ts aboli ti on stri kes at thefoundati ons othe r legal code WeneverandWereverMsemulers haveagreedtotheabol i ti onorsuppi essi onothesavetradetheyhaveactedcontrarytothepri v leges of ther rel i gon inconsent ngtoobeythelawsof humnty. romtheKoranwelearnthat al mleandfemeslaves takenas punderinwarare thelawupropertyo themster that themster haspower totaketohmef any femleslavee ther mrredorsi nge ash s chattel ; that thepostionoasaves ashelpess asthat othestonedols oodAraba; andthat whleamncandoashepeaseswthh s property savesshoudbetreatedkndyandgrantedfreedomwhenabetopurchaset Slavetraffi c i s noony alowed but legslated for byhmdanawandmdesacredbytheexameotheprophe. InMsemooksolawthesamrules appytothesaeoanmlsandlaves.

Suras 28:40: 23:49; 16:77; 30:27; 24:33 etc


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Socia andMra Evls 119In1898the late J . TheodoreBen wote

respectingtheslavetradeintheedSea: Thewest coast of theedSeai s inportion stmchgventoslavetradng romuezdowntoRasBenasthecoast i s prettywel protectedbygovernmnboats whchcruse abou andsezedhowsuspectedof traffi cinhumnleshbu souhof thi s unti l theareaof Suakmsreached slavetradngi s st activeycarriedon Thetranport i s doneindhowfromheAabancoast whchcomover tothecorareefs of thewesternsi de osteniby for pearfi sh ng. A certanseasonof theyearslavetradersincaravanscomdownromhedervshterri tory intheNlevalley andthepettyedounsheksontheedSeal i ttoral connveatandassi st themnthewrk

D. Hurgrone theDuchtraveler descri besthepubicslavemrket at Mccainul swngeverydaydur nghi s vsi t. It i s locatednearthehoymsque andopentoeverybodythoughhehmef apoogzes for thetraffi candcals theanislaverycrusadeaswnde heyet confesses toal thehorribe deta ls.Theexporer CharesMDoughtywhospenyearsinthei nteri or of Aaba wote Jiddahi s thestape townof Aricanslaveryfor theTurkshemre J ddah whereare Frankshconsus. Bu youshall fi nd these wrthes

Slavetrade n theRedSea

Slavemarket nMecca

ThousandsofSlaves nJ iddah


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120 TheMsemWrldinthepall id sol itudeother palaces, affecting(great heaven ) thesmicity of newbornbabes theywll tel youtheyarenoawreoit . Bu I sayaganinyour ngenuousears,JiddahsthestapetowotheTurkshsaveryoral theMsemare l iars.... I todthemwehadatreatywththeSutantosuppresssavery. Dog cries the. fe low thouliar-arethereno thousandso slaves inJiddahthateveryday are bough andsod? Wereorethoudog betheyno al mderee if thousayestsooh?ASlave Heresaskechof thesavemrkeatMccamarket wthnastone s throwothehouseoGodat thecenterof theMsemworldGothereandseefor yousef thecondtionothehumnchattes youpuchase Youwll find themthankstothevig lanceoBitishcrusers, lessnumrousandconsequentlymreexpensvethantheywerenformryearsbutheretheyare, flungpel-me l intheopensquare.. Thedealer, standngby, criedou: Comandbuy;theirst-frutsotheseason deicate, fresh, andgreen; comandbuy strongandusefu, fathfu andhones. omandbuy.' Thedayosacri fice wspast andthericher plgriminther brghest robesgatheredaround Oneamngthemsngedouthegrl Theyenteredaboohtogeher. Themherwseft behnd


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Socia andMra Evls 121Soonafter thegirl camback. ndhedeaerwenthebarganwsover, sadtothepur.chaser: I sel youths propertyof mne thefemeslave Narcissus, for thesumf fortypound. Thusthebarganwscinchednslavescoudbebought forsumvaryngfromi fteenpoundstofortypounds. Thechldennarmwresodwththermthers anact ofmrcybut thosethat coudfeedthemseves hadtotakether chance Mreoftenthannottheywreseparatedromhermtherswchgaverise tosceneswchmnyasym.patheticplgrimwudwl l ingly forget i f hecoudThe i l l i teracy of theohammdanwrldl l i teracyto-days assurprisingasi t is appa l ing. Onewudthnkthat areigionwchamstshps i tsSacredBook andwchwsoncemstress of scienceandl i terature wudinitsonwrdswephaveenghtenedthenations.But facts arestubbornthngs. Careu investigations showhatsevenyfivetoonehundedpercent. of theMsleminAricaareunabetoreadorwite. InTripo i nnetypercent. arei l l i terate; inEgypt eghtyeght per cent.; inAgeria overnnetypercent. InTurkeycondtions havegreatlymrovedandi l l i teracy is

Hadi KhanWthth PilgrimtoMecca: TheGeat Pilgrimgeof A H. 1319 1902 306308.


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122 TheMsemWrldnoabovefortypercent. whleowomn estimedasundersxtypercent. InArabatherehasbeenscant intel lectual progresssncethetimoMohammd TheBedounsarenearlyal illiterate andnspteotheattemtoTurkshofficias toopenschoos thereislittlethadeservesthenamoeducaoneveninthelargetowns. Persanowhasaconstitution buithasnonaionasystemeducaonandnneypercent. othepopuaionarelliteate. InBauchstan accordngtotheBitishcensusony117peri ooootheMohammdanmnandony23per oooamngthewomncanread. Buthemst surprising anda thesamtimthemst accuraestatistics oi l l iteracyarethoseoInda Accordngtothelast census thetoa o i l l iterates amngthe62458077MohammdansoIndas theenomusfigureo59674499 orabou96percent.Suchwdespreadl l iteracy inal landsandespeciallyprevaentamngMsemwmnresutsineverysort osupestitioninthehomlifeandamngthe owerandmdde classes. venamngtheleadesoeducaonmdenscienceisdespsedorfeared andeverythngturnsonthePtoemcsystemroundtheittleworldotheKoran. Jinnareexorcsedwtchesandtheevileye avodedbyamesandtaismnsachemandastroogyaredligently studed


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Socia andMra Evls 123andal l sortsofquackeryandbgotryfl ourishinthesol of gnoranceThesystemof educat onatMeccais typcalof that inal l Mslemandsnot ye inluencedbyWsterncivi l izationandgovernmns. TheyouhlearntoreadtheKorannot tounderstanditsmanng bu todoneit oupofessional l yat funerasandfeasts somnychapters for somnyshekel s Mdernscience orhstory is not evenmnonedmchl esstaught inthehghschoosofMecca.GammrposodyAabanhstoryandthefi rst eemnsof arithmic bu chiefl y theKorancommntariesandradtions formhecurricuumf thehammdanco lege Themthodof teachngintheschoosofMeccawchcanbetakenasanexameof thebestthat Aabaaffords isasfo l ows:Thechi l dof intel l ectual pomses first taughttheaphabe fromasml wodenboardonwchthel etters arewittenbytheteacher;sl ates areunknown henheearns theAbador numrica vaueof each leterausel esspoceedngat pesen astheAabcnotationoriginal l y fromnda is everywereinuseAter thishel earns towitedownthenneynnenamsofAlahandtoreadthefirstchapter of theKoran thenheattacksthe ast twchapers becausetheyareshort Theteacher

SystemofEducation

MethodandContentofEducation


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124 TheMsemWrldnexturgeshmthoughthebookmkingthepupl readathetopohs voice Thegreaeststrictness isobservedastopronunciaionandpauses butnohngwhaeveris saidtoexpanthemanngo thewords Havngthusfin-ishedtheKoran tha i s readt thoughoncethepupl takesuptheeemntsogrammr.Thenfolowthel ibera sciences logic arithmic somagebra rhetoricandversificationurisprudence scholastic theoogy exegessotheKoran andtheMsemradtions

Theocial systemoreverhandcappedinanyeffortBankruptcyofIslam towardsocia progressbytheincubusosuchgganticsocia evilsandgeneraignorancecoudnoescapesocia bankruptcy.Verdct of I t hasotenbeenassertedtha Isams thetheBedouins properre igion forAraba Themserabehaf-stavedignorantbutcannyBedounsnowsayMohammds re igioncanneverhavebeenintendedfor us it demndsabution butwhavenowaer; fasting butwawaysfast;amgvngbutwhavenomney; plgrimgebutAlahseverywhereFalureof Isamhashadafar tria inoher thanIslam

desert lands For five hundredyears ithasbeensupreminTurkey the farestandrichest portiono theOdWrld Andwha is theresult? TheMohammdanpopu-lationhasdecreasedthetreasury is bankrupt;


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Socia andMra Evls 125theprogress i s bocked instead of weathunversa poverty insteadof cominess rags;insteadofcommrce beggary-afa luregreaterandmreabsoutethanhstorycanesewherepresen. Inregardtowhat IslamhasdoneandcandoinAfri ca therecen testimnyofCanonRobnsons concusive Witingofh mmd nsmnthecenra SudanhesaysMreover i f i t betrue as i t probabyi s tosomexten thath mmd nsmashepedforwardtheHusasinthepathof civi l i zationtheassistancerenderedhere asineveryothercounrysubect toh mmd n ue i sbynomansanunmxedgood h mmd npogress i s progressupanimasse; i t enabesconvertstoadvanceacertandstance onytocheckthe r furtherprogressbyanimassabewal ofbindpreudceandignoranceTheresabrightersidetothsdarkpctureofthepresen socia condtions inthehmd nworld Theday-dawnofanntel lectuaawakennghas cominSyria Egypt IndaAgeria Persia andother lands Thosereati vely fewMslemwhorecevedal i bera educationingovernmn ormssionschools orwhobecamenamredwthWsterncivlization haverevotedagansttheodIslam Thscashof mderni fe andthoughtwthmdcvaismgavebrthtothenewslam Though

ProgressupanImpasse

Thentel l ectu lAwakenng


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126 TheMsemWrldcalledbydfferent namsinInda theLevanandEgypt thecauseandffect of themvemnare thesam The eadershpandinitiativeinIndabeongtoSir SayadhmdKhanofAigarh Ateraperodof governmnsevceandavisit toEngandin1870 hebeganbyedtingaournacalledTheReormf Mras.In1878 hestartedanngoMhammdanColegeat Aigarh whchhassince thoughgifts of educaedMsemandgovernmnsi stance becomtheMhammdanUnverstyfor al Inda. In1886hebegananannuaeduca ona conerencefor theMhammdanso Inda Sir Sayadhmdl sowoeammnaryontheBbe whchhas doublesshepedtobrngsomeducaedMsemtoamreintell igent vewothereal characterandintegri ty of the ChistianScriptures But theatemt torationalize Isamandgve t newl i f byabroadinepreaiono its theoogyhasfa led ComeenobserversinIndastaethathemvemnhaspracticalyapsednoasort o social andpolitical reormandthajust apresentheres amrkedncl inationevenamngeducaedMsemmnytodri ftbacktotheodschoo othough. Thensti tutionaAigarhhowever nowonans340studensinthecollegedepartmnand364inthepreparaoryschool But thetoneof the


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Soca andMra Evls 127col lege i s agnostic rather thanMslemandsecuar rather thanrel igous. Thsws thetestimnygvenmbythetwresidenpofessors ofMslemtheoogywhen v si tedthecol legein1902andwsasomownimressionaftermet ngthestudens.In. Egyptasotheresanntel lectuaw ken

i ng. Thelate libera-mndedmfti at Caroattemtedtoreormslamanddeprecatedthegnoranceandbgotryof hs corel igoni sts. etri edtobringorderoutofchaosintheAAzharUnversity bothintsmteria affars andtsmthodof instructiongreat imetuswsgventoeducationthroughhs efforts. Bookandtract societies wrestarted. eeventtemtedtoreormheMslemourtsof lawwcharenotoriouslycorrupt. Butwetherthemasureshei ni ti atedwll befru tful ofpermnenresult i s verydoubtfu.Yet thepriningpressi s carryngthesecalsfor reormndpreachnganewslamwereverMslemjournasof ths typefi nd readers. InPersianewal ies arespringnginoexstenceandpreachngpoli ti ca andocia reormOneof thems enti tl edTheTrumet of Gabrieandhasonts ti tlepageapctureofdeadPersiansawkenngtothetrumet bast of anangewththe superscri ption Lberty EquaityandFraternty

ntel l ectu lAwakeni nginEgypt

NotabeReform


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128 TheMsemWrldContactwth WereverMsemcomintotouchwththeModernThought non-Msemworldof theWstandts pol i ticsandcommrceorthroughChristianmssonstherefolowtheinevtabeconfl ict beweentheodandthenewnthemndsothosewhodaretothnkfor themeves D.WlliamSheddpontsoutha Isamtodaymstmeanewrisis ini ts history. It i scomnginto

close contactwthmdernthough andcvi l izati on Itmstme thesechangedcondtionsi f i t i s tol ive andthequest onariseswheheri t candohisorno.ACthIB ThatheMohammdansthemevesareconesciouso this crisis intherrel igiousoulooki sevdent fromhepressandthepaformwhereverthesetwobessingsoaChristiancvlizationobtanintheMohammdanworld Thefolowngwords spokenbyMstaphaPashaKamoEgypt theeaderotheant -EngishmvemnontheNle beorethePan-IsamcSoci ety oLondon inJuy 1906areanillustrati on: Tel thepeopewhoi vethei feoanmsandareedl ikedumdrvencattleAwakeandreal i ze thetruesigni fi canceo life Fi l ltheearthandadorni t wthresul ts o yourl abors Gent emn youaonecanmkethemunderstandthefu l manngo life; nay youaonecangvethemi f Hasten thereforewthyourmdcne physcans thepa


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Socia andMra Evls 129tient is ina cri tical state anddeay spel l sdeath.Themadyof theMslemationsi stwofodAwofoldOneI haveareadyaludedto theotheri s theMaladyabsurdbel ief of mllionsof peopethatdevotiontoIslams incomatibewthprogressandenghenmn Theysaythat ourdeathi smreprofi table tomnkndhanour l i fe Theconemationof th s f i l l s theheart of everyeducatedMslemandeverycuturedOienawthsorrow I t isnousereerringthemothegorious pagesofourpast hstory. I t isnouseponingout tothemhatweowealeganceto al iberal fai th whchenonsuponusthesearchof knowedgefromhecradeto thegrave. Ourdecl neandal l andpresendegadations l ivingproof conradctingyourasserti on. Youmstprovei tbydeedsandnotbymrewords Themrchof evensandvcissitudesinthewordhasprovedthat thestrongcurrenofscenceandknowedgeaonecangveuslifeandsoveregnpower Thosewhomrchwththecurrenarriveat theharborof savati on. Thosewhogoaganst i t aredoomdWll i t hepossible tomrchwththecur Wherewl l Moslemfi nren andconinuetohodtheteachngof thePeace?KoranandtheTradtions? Thepresencondtionof theohammdanworldanswersthatquestionemhaticalyinthenegatve nd


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130 TheMsemWrldwll mrchngwththecurrenoscenceandknowedgeafter al evergvetheweary sinfusorrowngmll ions o Isamspritua peaceorl i f tMhammdanwomnhoodandmnhoodoutotherdegradat oninothegoriousinheritanceothesonsoGod?

QUESTONSON H PTERVAMToESTMTETHESOCALWAKNESSESOFISLAM

i Gvesomof the principa socia teachngs ofChristMnionsomof hs teachngs bywordandexamen regard towomn

Onwha ideas as to the reationof each indvidua toGodwerehs teachngs based?

4 Namheprincipa thngs that youthnkChistian society owesto hs exame

5 Comarewhayouknowof the socia teachngandexameof Mhammdwththat of Christ6 Comarehs teachngandexamenregard towomnwththat of Christ7 Wathas Christianty ganedfromhe reedom

i t has giventowomn?8 Watwoudbehe effect uponsociety of exat

ing the ideaof thepowerof Godabovethat ofhs love?


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Socia andMra Evls g Wat has been the effect uponthe Mslemworldof the fact that Mhammdbecama

pol i ti cal legislator during hs l i fe?xo Wat i s the reati ve fi tness of hs socia teach

ings for the7th centuryandhe20th?i i Watdoyouconsi der tobe theprincipa evi l s

of poygam?12 Watthngsdoyouthnkwewoudmstmss

inbeng brought upas achld inapol ygamusOienta household?

13 Wat are the practi ca evi l s of l oose l aws regardngdvorce?

14 Wat ideas as to marri age does easy dvorceencourage?

15 ys slavery opposed to the spi ri t of Chrstianty?

16 Inwhatwaydoes slavery tend to l ower theslave?

17 Inwhatways themaster?18 Wat s there in the spi ri t of Christianty that

has wecomdeducati on?19 Watwoudt mansocialy for ths country

i f Isl amshoud obtan contro ?2 Watwoudt manor other nati ons i f Isl ambecamthedomnanpowerintheworl d?21. owardoyouthnkeducationa reformwoud

bepossibe in Isl am22 owar woudsocia reformbepossibe?23 Canyousuggest anywaybywhch Isl amcanescapefromhesocia teachngs ofMhammd?


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132 TheMsemWrd24. Wathas the Msemworldo gain socialy by

exchanging Mhammdor Christ?25. Inviewof ths andof the extent of theMsem

world howwoudyourank i t in importanceamnghe issues that face the ChristianChurchtoday?

REFEREN ESFORDV N EDSTUDYH PTERV

PoygamAmeAu:TheLifeandTeachngs of MhammdXII.Dwgh: Constantinope and I ts Probem 62101 [04.HughesDctionary of Islam 462 464.VanSommrandZwemr: OurMsemisters79 8o 193.Zwemr: TheMhammdanWrldof ToDay25 48 57 82

I I Education.Hughes:Dctionary of Islam io6io8Wtson Egyptandthe Christian Crusade 47 48Werry: Isl amandChristianty in the Far East

44 98 102 109Zwemr: TheMhammdanWrldof ToDay3148 57 87 109 117 137 284.I I I . Slavery.AmerAu:TheLi feandTeachngs of MhammdXV


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Soca andMra Evls 33Byden: Chri stianty Islam andtheNegroRace.HughesDctionary of Islam 596 600.Koele: MhammdandMhammdansm82 138

177 178 o81o.Zwem: TheMhammdanWrldof To-Day57 138 283.

Mssi onary Revewof the Wrld June 1899423 429.

IV. Reform.Werry: I slamandChri stianty in theFar East

174 175 186 188.Zwem: TheMhammdanWrldof To-Day33 68 147


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social and moral evils of islam

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