so2 data requirements rule modeling strategies
TRANSCRIPT
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www.all4inc.com | Philadelphia | Atlanta | Houston | Washington DC
SO2 Data Requirements Rule Modeling Strategies
Mark Wenclawiak, CCM | [email protected] | 678.460.0324
Amanda Essner | [email protected] | 610.933.5246 x 129
January 13, 2016
Presented to the 96th Annual Meeting of the American Meteorological Society by All4 Inc.
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2 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Agenda
Driver for Air Dispersion Modeling Projects
• SO2 Data Requirements Rule (DRR)
• Characterize maximum 1-hour concentrations and attainment status with NAAQS through modeling or monitoring
2 Case Studies
• Model refinements for over-predictions during low wind stable conditions
• Flat terrain vs. complex terrain
• Effect of low wind options in different topography
• Options for compliance strategy
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National Ambient Air Quality Standards Update
SO2 NAAQS and the DRR
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4 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
August 21, 2015 (40 CFR Part 51, Subpart BB)
Applies to facilities that:
1. Emitted 2,000 tons per year (tpy) of actual SO2
emissions during most recent calendar year
2. Not located in a nonattainment area
3. “Hot spots” = know your neighbors
Affected facilities required to conduct modeling or install ambient monitor locations
U.S. EPA Technical Assistance Documents (TADs)
SO2 NAAQS and the DRR
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Air Dispersion Modeling for SO2 DRR
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6 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
AERMOD - U.S. EPA air dispersion model
Differences from modeling for permitting
• Representative meteorological data for most recent 3 years
• Actual emissions rates from last 3 years (hourly if possible) with actual stack heights
• Receptors placed only where an ambient monitor could actually be located
Air Dispersion Modeling
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7 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
DRR Receptor Grid
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8 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Non-default/beta options available
• Agency approval
• Proposed changes to guidelines
ADJ_U* (friction velocity)
• AERMET – meteorological data preprocessor
• Adjusts u*, which is used to calculate mixing height and initial horizontal and vertical dispersion
Model Refinements
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9 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
LowWind• Adjusts minimum value of sigma-v, the horizontal turbulence
variable, and changes use of meander algorithm
• LowWind1
Increases the minimum value of sigma-v from the default of 0.2 to 0.5 m/s, and also eliminates the horizontal meander algorithm
• LowWind2
Increases the minimum value of sigma-v from 0.2 to 0.3 m/s, and retains the horizontal meander algorithm with an upper limit of 0.95
• LowWind3
Increases the minimum value of sigma-v from 0.2 to 0.3 m/s, and uses the FASTALL approach to replicate the centerline concentration accounting for horizontal meander, but utilizes an effective sigma-y and eliminates upwind dispersion
Model Refinements
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SO2 DRR Case Studies
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11 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Facility A:
• Chemical plant
• Relatively flat terrain in rural setting
Facility B:
• Cement plant
• Complex terrain in rural setting
Background
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12 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Run AERMOD for each facility, using:
• The same meteorological dataset (Control Case)
• The LOWWIND3 option
• The ADJ_U* option on the meteorological dataset
• Both the LOWWIND3 and ADJ_U* options
Compare ground level concentrations
Process
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13 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Facility A – Flat Terrain
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14 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Control Case – Facility A
4th High - 387 µg/m325 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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15 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
LOWWIND3 – Facility A
4th High - 383 µg/m3
(-1%)
25 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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16 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
ADJ_U* - Facility A
4th High - 359 µg/m3
(-7%)
25 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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17 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
LOWWIND3 & ADJ_U* - Facility A
4th High - 359 µg/m3
(-7%)
25 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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18 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Facility B – Complex Terrain
Mountains
Mountains
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19 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Control Case – Facility B
4th High – 2,464 µg/m325 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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20 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
LOWWIND3 – Facility B
4th High – 1,681.0 µg/m3
(-32%)
25 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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21 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
ADJ_U* - Facility B
4th High – 982 µg/m3
(-60%)
25 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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22 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
LOWWIND3 & ADJ_U* - Facility B
4th High – 862 µg/m3
(-65%)
25 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
196 µg/m3
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23 Your environmental compliance is clearly our business.
Flat Terrain
• LOWWIND3 decreases areal extent of higher concentrations; ADJ_U* reduces the maximum concentration the greatest extent
Complex Terrain
• Marked decrease of maximum concentration from both options, with ADJ_U* having the most impact
Utilize options to identify more realistic ground level concentrations and location of ambient monitor
• Cluster sources
Conclusions & Compliance Approach
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www.all4inc.com | Philadelphia | Atlanta | Houston | Washington DC
Questions & Open Discussions
Mark Wenclawiak, CCM | [email protected] | 678.460.0324
Amanda Essner | [email protected] | 610.933.5246 x 129
January 13, 2016