Nano Res.

Electronic Supplementary Material

SnSb@carbon nanocable anchored on graphene sheetsfor sodium ion batteries

Li Li1, Kuok Hau Seng1, Dan Li1, Yongyao Xia2, Hua Kun Liu1, and Zaiping Guo1,3 ()

1 Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia 2 Department of Chemistry, Institute of New Energy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China 3 School of Mechanical, Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia

Supporting information to DOI 10.1007/s12274-014-0506-z

Figure S1 Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS) of SnSb/CNT@GS: (left) SEM image, and (right) corresponding EDS spectrum.

Address correspondence to zaiping_guo@uow.edu.au

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Figure S2 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of SnSb/CNT@GS annealed at 900 °C in air.

Figure S3 Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of as-prepared SnSb/CNT@GS annealed at different temperatures.

Figure S4 FE-SEM images of SnSb/CNT@GS annealed at (a) and (b) 550, (c) and (d) 600, and (e) and (f) 700 °C.

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Figure S5 TEM images of samples annealed at 600 (left) and 700 °C (right).

Figure S6 FE-SEM images of SnSb/CNT@GS annealed at 650 °C with different ratios of C2H2 to Ar (a) and (b) 10:400, (c) and (d) 20:400, and (e) and (f) 40:400.

Figure S7 FE-SEM images of SnSb/CNT annealed at 650 °C without the addition of GS.

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Figure S8 EIS spectra of the SnSb/CNT@GS electrodes after five charge/discharge cycles in different electrolytes between 10 mHz and 100 kHz. The inset contains an enlargement of the indicated region, and the equivalent circuit used for analysis is shown below.

Table S1 Resistance values of the electrodes after five charge/discharge cycles in the four electrolytes after fitting

1 M NaClO4-PC/FEC 1 M NaPF6-PC 1 M NaClO4-PC 1 M NaClO4-PC + 5% FEC

Rs (ohm) 5 12.6 18.3 8.5

Rct (ohm) 172 444 222.7 140

Figure S9 (a) Voltage profiles of SnSb/CNT@graphene at different current densities, and (b) the corresponding voltage profiles of SnSb/CNT, between 0.005–1.5 V in 1 M NaClO4 with PC + 5% FEC.

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Figure S10 SEM images of the SnSb@C nanocable anchored on GS after 50 charge–discharge cycles. The cell was disassembled at the fully desodiated state.