SNOWDEN, THE NSA, AND THE SURVILLANCE STATE

THE NSA THE NSA AND THE

SOWDEN SOWDEN

THE SURVILLANCE STATE THE SURVILLANCE STATE

PARTS 3 & 4 SNOWDEN

PART THREE

a Rubik's cube and soy sauce THE SURVEILLANCE STATE EMERGES

FOURTH AMENDMENT T

HE

Let’s Take A Look!

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses,

papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and

seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon

probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly

describing the place to be searched, and the persons or

things to be seized.

HONG KONG When Snowden arrived at the Mira, he checked in

using his own credit card. He has withdrawn enough financial resources to survive for years.

“My hope was that avoiding ambiguity would prevent spy accusations and create more room for reasonable debate.” - Edward Snowden

On June 2, 2013 Snowden asked Greenwood and Poitras to meet

him outside a restaurant in the Myra Mall, attached to his hotel.

Since Greenwald and Poitras had never seen him

before, they needed a way to

identify him.

Snowden said he would

be holding a RUBRIK’s Cube.

Back in Room 214, Snowden began to share everything .

POITRAS AND GREENWALD

WERE AMAZED. HE WAS ONLY 29.

Next to the door was a glass of water and next to the glass of water

was a napkin with a drop of SOY SAUCE on it. It was an old spy

trick to detect if anyone had been in the room. If the door was

opened the class of water would spill on the napkin, changing the

soy sauce pattern.

THE DOCUMENTS

ARE STILL BEING RELEASED.

HERE’S WHAT WE KNOW

BEFORE WE BEGIN

A few words from the Director...

JAMES CLAPPER

A position created under the

Patriot Act (2004)

He is the HEAD of the 16 member

intelligence community which

includes the CIA and NSA.

In 2010 THE WASHINGTON POST revealed there

were 1,2071 government organizations and

1,931 private companies in 10,000 locations

across the U.S. working on counter-terrorism.

ON MARCH 13, 2013, HE WAS ASKED BY A SENATE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE IF THE NSA COLLECTS ANY TYPE OF DATA ON MILLIONS OF AMERICANS.

SENATOR RON WYDEN

DEMOCRAT, OREGON

-Member of the Select Committee on Intelligence

-Voted against re-authorization of the Patriot Act.

-Filibustered to try to block the appointment of John O'Brennan as CIA Director.

SENATOR RON WYDEN

DEMOCRAT, OREGON

Over the years Wyden has grown concerned about post 9-11 civil liberties...

In a May 2011 speech in the Senate, Wyden sharply criticized the use of Patriot Act, stating: "The fact is that anyone can read the plain text of the Patriot Act, and yet many members of Congress have no idea how the law is being secretly interpreted by the executive branch, because that interpretation is classified. It's almost as if there were two Patriot Acts, and many members of Congress have not read the one that matters. Our constituents, of course, are totally in the dark. Members of

the public have no access to the secret legal interpretations, so they have no idea what their government believes the law actually means.”

SENATOR RON WYDEN

DEMOCRAT, OREGON

Wyden’s appointment to the House Comm. on Intel. allows him to see classified documents. The constitutionality of these documents have grown troubling to him. Since they are TOP SECRET, if he revealed them, he could go to prison.

MANY BELIEVE THAT IS WHAT PROMPTED HIM TO ASK THIS QUESTION OF THE DIRECTOR...

IN HINDSIGHT IT IS NOW WIDELY BELIEVED THAT CLAPPER LIED AND MISLEAD CONGRESS...

PART FOUR

the Programs - Pt. 1 phone record collection and prism

THE FIRST OF SNOWDEN’S DOCUMENTS WAS REVEALED TO THE AMERICAN PUBLIC ON JUNE 5, 2013.

“The National Security Agency is currently collecting the telephone records of millions of US customers of Verizon, one of America's largest telecoms providers, under a top secret court order issued in April. The order, a copy of which has been obtained by the Guardian, requires Verizon on an "ongoing, daily basis" to give the NSA information on all telephone calls in its systems, both within the US and between the US and other countries. The document shows for the first time that under the Obama administration the communication records of millions of US citizens are being collected indiscriminately and in bulk – regardless of whether they are suspected of any wrongdoing. The court order expressly bars Verizon from disclosing to the public either the existence of the FBI's request for its customers' records, or the court order itself. “

“The National Security Agency is currently collecting the telephone records of millions of US customers of Verizon, one of America's largest telecoms providers, under a top secret court order issued in April. The order, a copy of which has been obtained by the Guardian, requires Verizon on an "ongoing, daily basis" to give the NSA information on all telephone calls in its systems, both within the US and between the US and other countries. The document shows for the first time that under the Obama administration the communication records of millions of US citizens are being collected indiscriminately and in bulk – regardless of whether they are suspected of any wrongdoing. The court order expressly bars Verizon from disclosing to the public either the existence of the FBI's request for its customers' records, or the court order itself. “

The numbers of both parties

on a call are handed over, as is location data,

call duration, unique

identifiers, and the time and

duration of all calls. The

contents of the conversation itself are not

covered.

The unique serial numbers of phones and calling cards are also

collected.

Metadata is information generated as you use technology. It is sometimes called “data about data” A card

catalog of a library would be an example.

WHAT DOES

THE NSA COLLECT

THE NUMBERS OF BOTH PARTIES ON THE CALL

THE LOCATION OF THE CALL

THE TIME AND DURATION OF THE CALL

ON YOU?

published the TOP SECRET court order directing to turn over it’s customer’s info.

The order calling for Verizon to

hand over its records came from the

FISA COURT

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVILLANCE COURT

It was created in 1978 and consists of 7 court judges

to review applications for warrants related to national

security investigations.

The PATRIOT ACT, passed in 2001 greatly expanded the

ability of the government to conduct surveillance.

This came under

SECTION 215 OF THE PATRIOT ACT

It is sometimes called the “Library Records

Provision”

The provision allowed the

Director of the FBI to apply

for an order to produce

materials that assist in an

investigation undertaken to

protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence

activities

If the government could now force Ms.

Thompson to turn over your book

records, why couldn’t it

force VERIZON

to turn over all your phone

records???

It was this interpretation of the PATRIOT ACT that was so troubling to Senator Wyden.

Watch his speech before congress...

THE GOVERNMENT INTERPRETATION WYDEN WAS HINTING AT, WE NOW KNOW GOES LIKE THIS...

THE NEXT DAY THE NEW SET OF

SNOWDEN DOCUMENTS WAS RELEASED...

THE NEXT DAY THE NEW SET OF

SNOWDEN DOCUMENTS WAS RELEASED...

THE PROGRAM IS CALLED

PRISM “The program facilitates extensive, in-depth surveillance on live communications and stored information. The law allows for the targeting of any customers of participating firms who live outside the US, or those Americans whose communications include people outside the US.

It also opens the possibility of communications made entirely within the US being collected without warrants.”

THE GUARDIAN - June 6, 2013

THE PROGRAM STARTED IN 2007, SIX YEARS BEFORE SNOWDEN LEAKED IT.

THE STORY WAS PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY THE WASHINGTON POST (Barton Gellman) AND THE GUARDIAN (Glen Greenwald)

According to the POST article, “98% of PRISM production is based on Yahoo, Google, and Microsoft.”

THE PROGRAM WAS REVEALED IN 41 POWERPOINT SLIDES LEAKED BY SNOWDEN. They were briefing slides used in April 2013 and intended for senior analysts in the NSA’s

“Signals Intelligence Directorate.” They listed PRISM as the most prolific contributor to the

President’s daily brief and cited PRISM Data in 1,477 items last year (2012).

THESE 2 SLIDES WERE CONSIDERED THE MOST REVEALING...

THEY SHOW WHAT IS BEING COLLECTED AND WHERE

COMPANIES THEY TAP

(PROVIDERS)

WHAT THEY TAP

THESE ARE THE COMPANIES THEY TAP

here’s what they said after the story broke...

"Google cares deeply about the security of our users' data. We disclose user data to government in accordance with the law, and we

review all such requests carefully. From time to time, people allege that we have created a government 'back door' into our systems, but

Google does not have a back door for the government to access private user data.“ (Guardian)

“We (Apple) have never heard of PRISM. We do not provide any government agency with direct access to our servers and any

government agency requesting customer data must get a court order.”

“We do not provide any government organization with direct access to Facebook Servers. When Facebook is asked for

data or information about specific individuals we carefully scrutinize any such request for compliance with all

applicable laws and provide information only to the extent required by law.”

(John Sullivan – Chief Security Officer to the Washington Post)

(Steve Dowling, Apple Spokesman to the Washington Post

ON BARTON GELLMAN RESPONDED TO

THE APPARENT DISCREPTANCY IN WHAT THE GOV. WAS DOING

AND WHAT COMPANIES SAID THEY KNEW...

2 MONTHS AFTER THE STORY BROKE, THE GUARDIAN ALLEGED

MANY COMPANIES RECIEVED PAYMENTS FOR THEIR COOPERATION.

The National Security Agency paid millions of dollars to cover the costs of major internet companies involved in the Prism surveillance program after a court ruled that some of the agency's activities were unconstitutional, according to top-secret material passed to the Guardian. The technology companies, which the NSA says includes Google, Yahoo, Microsoft and Facebook, incurred the costs to meet new certification demands in the wake of the ruling from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance (Fisa) court.

THE ETHICAL ISSUES

The disclosure that taxpayers' money was used to cover the companies' compliance costs raises new questions over the relationship between Silicon Valley and the NSA. Since the existence of the program was first revealed by the Guardian and the Washington Post on June 6, the companies have repeatedly denied all knowledge of it and insisted they only hand over user data in response to specific legal requests from the authorities. An earlier newsletter, which is undated, states that the Prism providers were all given new certifications within days of the Fisa court ruling. "All Prism providers, except Yahoo and Google, were successfully transitioned to the new certifications. We expect Yahoo and Google to complete transitioning by Friday 6 October.“ the Guardian, August 22, 2013

“It turns surveillance into a revenue stream and that’s not the way it’s supposed to work” said Marc Roenbrg executive director of the Electronic Privacy Information Center, a Washington based research and advocacy group. “The fact that the government is paying money to telephone companies to turn over information that they are compelled to turn over is very troubling.” Verizon, AT&T, and other major telecommunications companies declined to comment, although several industry officials noted that the government surveillance laws explicitly call for companies to receive reasonable reimbursement for their costs.

The Washington Post – Aug. 30, 2013

“Numbers released by Yahoo, Google, Microsoft,

LinkedIn and Facebook show that in the first 6 months

of 2013 the NSA submitted requests for private

information from at least 59,000 user accounts.”

The Washington Post – February 3, 2014

THE END SNOWDEN / THE NSA AND THE SURVEILLANCE STATE