sneha samvadam may2013
Post on 06-Apr-2016
263 views
DESCRIPTION
snahe samvadam may 2013, സ്നേഹ സംവാദം മെയ് 2013, മലയാളം, malayalamTRANSCRIPT
2013 tabv 3
Xkv\ow ^ukn
hnthIm\µ\pw k¿haX kXyhmZhpw
XΩnse¥v?
Printed Published and owned by M.Mohammed Akbar. Printed at Screen Offset printers,Cochin-18. Published at Cochin-18. Editor M.Mohammed Akbar, Niche of Truth,
PB No:1981, Vyttila, Cochin-19, Tel: 0484 2301275, Fax: 0484 2301175
Internet Edition: www.snehasamvadam.comEmail: [email protected]
For Online Booking: www.islamicbookshelf.com
]p-kv-X-I-w- HºXv / e-°w- ]Xns\m∂v / 2013 tabv --/ 1433 PamZp¬ BJ¿
Xncpsamgn 6
]Xm[n]¿°v ]dbm\p≈Xv 7
atX-X-c-Xzw, am\-hn-IX, Ckvemw 21 A¬Øm^v AΩm- n-°p∂v
Krl]cn-]m-e\w ]cn-Wmahnizm-ksØ
\ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂pthm? 36 Aen sNΩmSv
IqSn-°mgvN 48
hnip≤]mX 50
9]n.hn.F ]nwtdmkv
2013 tabv 4
hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS-kw-hm-Zw-
ho≠pw Nne eu PnlmZv
"IYIƒ'
""NcnXØnse GsXmcp kw`hhpw
c-≠v ]mhiyw Bh¿Øn°p∂p, hkv-
Xp-XIfmbpw IYIfmbpw'' F∂Xv G-
tXm Ko°v Zm¿i\nIs‚ hmNIßfmWv.
tI-cfØnse Nne kw`h߃ FSp-Øp-
t\m-°nbm¬ ta¬ hmNIsØ "If-hm-
bpw IYbmbpw' F∂v am‰n hmbn-°m-sa-
∂v tXm∂p∂p.
eu PnlmsZ∂ "Atd_y≥ `qXw'
s]- Ip´nIsf Iq´tØmsS hioIcn®v
sIm≠pt]mbn CuØ∏\ apIfn¬ sh®v
]√pw \Jhpw apSnbpsamgnsI as‰√mw
Xn∂pXo¿Øv A¬ ^lw Nn°s‚ F-
√p-Ifpt]£n°p∂Xpt]mse acp`q-an-bn-
¬ sIm≠pt]mbn X´nb IY \msa√mw
`o-XntbmsS hmbn®v Xo¿ØXmWv. ]-kv-
Xp-X IY hmbn®v t]Sn®v ]\n]nSn®p
N-Øpt]mb Hcp]mSv lX`mKycpsS Ipgn-
am-Sßfn¬ F≈pw aecpw t\Zn®v sIm-
≠m-Wv ]e kwLv]cnhm¿ imJIfn¬
C-∂v ]`mXt`cnIƒ XpSßmdv Xs∂.
Akm[yamb a\°cpØv sIm≠v ac-W-
sØ AXnPohn® Nne AXnImb∑m¿
C-∂pw IpXnch´Øpw ]q¶pfbnepw am-
\-knItcmKØn\v ASnaIfmbn Ccp- n-\p-
≈n¬ Pohn°p∂p.
]d™phcp∂Xv as‰m∂pa√, tI-c-
f-kaqlw klXm]tØmsS hmbn-®p-Xo-
¿Ø ]kvXpX C≠mkpIƒ IYIfmbn
amXr`qan BgvN]Xn∏n¬ ho≠pw ]-kn-
≤o-Icn®v sIm≠ncn°p∂p. Poh≥ tPm-
_v tXmakns‚ Nne C‚¿\mjW¬
"]cn-Wma_UmbnIƒ' Hgn®v \n¿-Øn-bm-
¬ XmcXtays\ aebmfØn¬ \nehmcw
]pe¿Øp∂ B\pImenIamWv amXr- q-
an BgvN]Xn∏v. X\n°v hgßmØ Nne
Cw•ojv sS¿ant\mfPnIƒ HgnsI _m°n-
bp-≈sX√mw A∏Sn Sm≥kvte‰v sNbvXv
kz-¥w t]cn¬ ]kn≤oIcn°p∂ Po-h-
≥ tPm_v tXmakns‚ teJ\Øns‚
sam-Øw t]PpIƒ Iq´n°ng®v, AsXm-
gn-sIbp≈ t]PpIƒ°mWv Xm≥ hne-
\-¬InbsX∂ kzbwIrX \n¿h-r-Xn-tbm-
sS amKkn\pambn aSßnt∏mIp∂ amXr-
`q-an hmb\°mcn\n t]Sn°Ww. Nne
A-]-k¿∏I IYIfpsS t]PpIƒ IqSn
C-\n Cu KWØn¬ F-ÆnØpStß-≠n-
bn-cn°p∂p.
IjvSamWv amXr`qanbpsS Imcyw! B-
¿.-Fkv.Fkpw ImtØmenIv _nj∏v Iu-
-knepaSßnb Nne BeØq¿ Im°-
Iƒ sImØns∏dp°n hngpßm≥ ian®v,
sXm-≠bn¬ XS™pt]£n® eu Pnlm-
sZ-∂ Iqc^enXw IYmcq]Øn¬ ]kn-
≤o-Icn°m≥ amXw XcwXmgv∂XmtWm
sI.-]n tIihtat\m≥ \mbIXzw hl-n-
® amXr`qan BgvN]Xn∏v?
Ign™amkw ]kn≤oIcn® C-µp-
ta-t\ms‚ "acWth´' F∂ IY hmbn®p-
Xo-¿°m≥ IgnbmØh¿°mbn AXns‚
Bibsam∂v ]I¿Øs´.
B¿.Fkv.Fkv IpSpw_Øn¬ P\n-
® kpawKe F∂ s]¨Ip´nsb ap-kv-
enw-\ma[mcnbmb _jo¿ ]Wbn®v,
Hfnt®mSn hnhmlnXcmbn IpSpw_Po-hn-
Xw \bn°p∂p; tkm\p F∂ aIƒ
P\n°p∂p. AXn\nSbn¬ A¿_pZ-tcm-
Kn-bmb _jo¿ thZ\ G¬-]n-® \ncm-
i-bn¬ BfllXy sNøp∂p. Cusbmcp
XeapdtbmsS IY Igns™∂v I-cp-Xn-
b-h¿°v sX‰n. H∂ntesd XeapdIfpsS
NcnXw ]dbp∂ "CXnlmkßsf t]m-
se IY XpScpIbmWv. "atXXc\mbn'
h-f¿∂ tkm\p ItaW B¿.Fkv.Fkv
Nn¥mKXn°mc\mbn amdp∂p. amXa√,
Xs‚ ]nXmhns‚ eu PnlmsZ∂ NXn
tkm-\p AΩsb t_m[ys∏SpØm≥ i-
an-°p∂p. CXns\ ]Xntcm[n®p \n¬-
°p∂Xn\nsSbmWv kpawKebpw tcm-K-
e-£W߃ ]ISn∏n®p XpSßp∂Xv.
X--s‚ ¿Ømhns\ NnIn¬kn® tUm-Iv-
S-sd Xs∂ A¿_pZNnI-n-¬-k-°m-bn kp-
aw-Kebpw kao]n°p∂p. At∏mgmWv
Ah¿°v Iy≥kd√ FbvUvkmsW∂
kXyw t_m[ys∏Sp∂Xv. ¿Øm-hn-s\m-
gn-sI a‰mscbpw kao]n°mØ kpawKe
CXns\Xnsc s]m´nsØdn°p∂p. A-
t∏m-gmWv ¿Ømhn\pw A¿_pZa√ Fbv-
Uv-kmbncp∂p tcmKsa∂pw A°mcyw Xp-
d∂p]dbm≥ aSn®mWv _jo¿ B-fl-l-
Xy sNbvXsX∂pw tUmIvS¿ shf-n-s∏-Sp-
Øp-∂Xv. amXa√, Xs‚ kplrØpw
Ab¬°mcnbpamb Fenk_Øv F®v.-
sF.-hn _m[n®v acn°m≥ ImcWhpw _-
jo-dmsW∂pw Xs‚ aI≥ ]d™ eu
Pn-lmZv IYIsf√mw kXyamsW∂pw
kpa-wKe Xncn®dnbp∂p.
tkm\phns‚ k¿´n^n°‰pIfn¬ A-
h-\v "PmXnbn√ aXan√' Fs∂gpXnbXv
XncpØn lnµp˛dUym¿ F∂m°W-sa-
∂p-w aIs\, eu PnlmZS°ap≈ NXnI-
ƒ-s°Xnsc t]mcmSp∂ B¿.Fkv.-F- n-
s‚ imJbnte°v Ab°Wsa∂pap≈
kpawKebpsS ]XnImcNn¥tbmsS-bm-
Wv IY Ahkm\n°p∂X.v Cµptat\m-
≥ I-Ybhkm\n∏ns®¶nepw amXr`qan
Xp-ScpIbmWv, sXm´p]ndsI ]kn-≤o-I-
cn-® kpkvtajv Nt¥mØns‚ "Fs‚
aIƒ Hfnt®mSpw apºv' F∂ IYbneqsS;
C\nbpw AXv A`wKpcw XpScpI Xs∂
sNøpw...
ChnsS amXr`qanbS°ap≈ ap-Jy-[m-
2013 tabv 5
cm- am[ya߃ a\ nemt°≠Xv ae-
bm-fnhmb\°m¿ icmicn°p apIfn-em-
sW-∂ hkvXpXbmWv. P∑`qanbpw,
]pWy`qanbpw, IemIuapZnbpw l-t√-ep-
bm amKkn\psa√mw hnfºnb ]gInb
eu PnlmZv ho™v, ioXf]m-\ob-Ip-∏n-
I-fn¬ hnXcWw sNøp∂Xv sIm≠v k-
aq-lØn\v bmsXmcp KpWhpw ]-Xo-£n-
°m-\-n√; amXr`qan°pw.
A\mhiy IW°pIfpw A\mZriy
IfhpIfpw tN¿Øv tIcfØn¬ a-X-kv-
]-¿Z hf¿Øm≥ ian®Xn\memWv sI.-
kn.-_n.knbpw B¿.Fkv.Fkpw AXn\v
Acp \n∂ t]meokv Un∏m¿ vsa‚pw Pp-
Uo-jydnbnse Nne ]qWq¬ [mcnIfpw
ta¬t°mSXnIfm¬ hna¿in°s∏´Xv;
i‡amb mjbn¬ Xm°oXv sNø-s∏- -
Xv. AØcsamcp h¿Kob[phoIcWw
ap∂n¬ I≠psIm≠v Xs∂bmWv a-e-bm-
-fØnse apJy[mcmam[ya߃ CØcw
]Wb aXwam‰IYIƒs°Xnsc cq-£-
ambn ]XnIcn®Xv. CsX√mw ad∂v ]p-
Xp-Xmbn IS∂ph∂ GXm\pw "Zp¿-\-S-
∏p-Imcp'ambn klib\w \SØp∂Xv
a-ebmfØnse XesbSp∏ps≈mcp ]kn-
-≤oIcWØn\v \mWt°SmWv. amXa√
amXr`qanbpsS NcnXhpw ss]XrIhpw
Adnbp∂ ]_p≤tIcfw amXr`qanbn¬
\n∂v CXntesd ]Xo£n°p∂p≠v. A-
Xp-sIm≠v Zbhmbn...
˛C_v\p sslZ¿
aym≥am¿ hne]n°p∂p...
tdmln¶y≥, Imam≥ apkvenw-Iƒ-s°-
Xn-sc aym≥amdnse AdmIm≥ ]hniy-
bn-¬ \S∂psIm≠ncn°p∂ Iqcamb hw-
i-lXybpsS hnhc߃ temI a\pjym-
hImi kwLS\bmb lqa¨ ssd‰vkv
hm®v shfn®Øp sIm≠p-h∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wv. t^kv_p°neqsSbpw tªmKneq-sS-
bpw a‰nXc tkmjy¬ s\‰vh¿°pI-fneq-
sS-bpw "sse°v'"ss^°v' hmZ]Xnhm-Z-
ß-fn¬ amXw Xes]m°nbncp∂ aym-≥-
am-dn-se oIcIq´s°mebpsS sR´n°p-
∂ hm¿ØIƒ Gsd°psd F®v B¿.-
U-ªnbpsS hniZoIcWØneqsS ]pdw
temIw Adn™ncn°p∂p.
aym≥amdnse ssk\nI P≠IfpsS
B-io¿hmZtØmsSbpw _p≤aX t\-Xr-
Xz-Øns‚ ]n¥pWtbmsSbpw IqSn sX-
Æq-dpIfn¬ Bcw`n® Iem]w hyXykvX (_m°n t]Pv 47¬)
_p≤aX Kq∏pIƒ Gs‰Sp°pIbpw
kw-LSnXamb D∑qe\Øn\v t\XrXzw
\¬IpIbpamWp≠mbXv.
Ign™ h¿jw Pq¨ amktØmSp
Iq-Sn Xs∂ apkvenwIsf Ducphne°m-
\p-w ]Xntcm[w Xo¿°m\pw Nne _p-
≤-kw-LS\Iƒ ian®ncp∂p CXn\v km-
bp-[cq]w ssIhcnIbmWv Ct∏mgsØ
\o°ØneqsS \S∂Xv. cWIqSØns‚
\nc¥c ]oU\Øn-\n-cbmb -a-\pjym-h-
Im-i kwLS\IfpsS CSs]S¬ aqew
tamNnXbmb˛]Xn]£ t\Xmhv bmMv
km≥ kqNn hsc Cu Icmf kw`hß-
ƒ-s°Xncn¬ ]XnIcn°p∂n√ F∂Xm-
Wv Gsd sR´n°p∂Xv. A\oXnbpw A-
k-aXzhpsa√mw Xs‚ sXmen∏pdØv
kv]¿in°ptºmƒ amXw ]k‡am-Ip-
∂ H∂msW∂ XcØnse temIamZcn-
°p-∂-bmfpIƒ hsc amdn Nn¥n°p-tºm-
ƒ, temI kam[m\Øn\mbn aX˛kmw-
kv-Imcn-I˛cmjvSob _ZepIsf Ipdn®v
B-temNnt°≠nbncn°p∂p.
aym≥adnse CcIfpsS A`bm¿Yn
Iym-ºpIfn¬ hsc \nµyamb a\pjy-m-
h-Imi ewL\ßfmWv \S∂psIm≠n-
cn-°p∂Xv F∂XmWv F®v.B¿.Uªyp
Is≠Ønbncn°p∂Xv. qcn]£w t]cpw
]-I¿®hym[nIfpw a‰pw ]nSns] v ac-W-
h‡ØnemWv. AXntesd oIcamWv
tdmln¶y IymºpIfpsS kao]ØmWv,
ssk-\nIhml\ßfn¬ sIm≠phcp∂
sIm√s∏´hcpsS arXtZl߃ kw-kv-
I-cn°p∂p F∂Xv.
Iem]w \nb¥n°m≥ _m[yÿcm-
b cWIqSØns‚ ]tXyI tk\bmb
tem≥sXbv≥, \kmI Kq∏pIfpw ssk-
\y-˛A¿[ssk\y hn`mKßfpw Iem-]-
Im-cn-Iƒ°v HØmi sNbvXp sImSp°p-
∂ hnhcßfpw F®v.B¿.Uªnbp dn-
t∏m-¿- n¬ ]cma¿in°p∂p≠v.C°mcyw
a\pjymhImiØn¬ hnizkn-°p-∂-h-cn-
¬ Gsd sR´epfhm°p∂Xv. AI-aß-
ƒ-°pw A\oXnIƒ°pw aXhpw h¿Khpw
PmXnbpan√. GXv cmPyØpw ]oUnXsc
klmbnt°≠Xp≠v.
aym≥amdnse apkvenwIfpw ioe-¶-
bn-se Xangv hwiPcpsa√mw \oXn A-¿-
ln-°p∂hcmWv. BtKmf hym]Iambn
kam[m\Imw£nIfmb cWm[n-Im-cn-I-
ƒ \SØp∂ kwbp‡ Xocpam\߃
CØcw kabØv KpWIcamhpw. AXn-
\m-bn temIw ap∂n´ndßWsa∂ A-t]-
£-tbmsS.
˛X≥kolv Xr∏\®n
atXXcXzØns‚ t]cn¬
"kmwkvImcnI ]cZqjW'ßtfm?
tIcfØnsemcmƒ°v "atX-X-c'-\m-h-
W-sa¶n¬ FX hsc Xcw XmgWw? kz-
¥-w aXØn¬ A\y¿ hna¿in°p∂ apgp-
h-≥ Imcyßfpw icnbmsW∂v kΩ-Xn-
°p-Itbm AhcpsS "icnIƒ'°\pkcn®v
kz¥w hnizmk]amW߃ "icnbm-°n'-
sb-Sp°pItbm sNbvXm¬ aXntbm? A-
tXm kz¥w aXØnse "sX‰pIƒ' s]m-
Xp ]cnkcØv sh®v hkvXmt£]w sN-
bvXv kΩXn t\SnsbSpt°-≠Xp-t≠m?
B›cyNn”ßfmbn ]cnWan-t°-
≠ ta¬ tNmZyNn”߃ Db¿∂phcp-
∂-Xv aebmfØnse Nne B\pImenI-
ß-ƒ ImWptºmgmWv. kz¥w ]nXmhv
kaqlw BZcn®ncp∂ kmlnXy-Imc-\m-
bn F∂Xv Hcp sXs‰m∂pa√. AtX kaq-
l-w X∂n¬ kmlnXyImcs\ ImWm≥
hn^eiaw \SØn F∂Xpw sX‰msW-
∂v IcpXm≥ \n¿hmlan√. ]s£, kaq-
l-w ]Xo£n®Xv Xncn®v sImSp°m≥ I-
gn-bm-ØXns‚ t]cn¬ kapZmbw BZcn-
°p-∂Xns\ X√nØI¿Øv "thdn- v tI-
´p-thm Fs∂m®' F∂v Xe sh´n®v t\m-
°p-∂h≥ sX‰pImc\s√∂v GXv atX-
Xc a\xkm£nbmWv kΩXn®p XcnI!
G]n¬ e°w ]®°pXnc amkn-I-
bn-se Hcp s]m^kdpsS atXXc S∏o-
kp-Iƒ ImWptºmƒ klXm]amWv
tXm-∂p∂Xv. _lp`mcyXzw Ckvemw
tem-IØn\v kw`mh\ sNbvX kmaql-n-
I \nbasam∂pa√. temIØv Ign™v
t]m-b GsXms° aXßfpw \mKcn-I-X-
I-fpapt≠m Ahsb√mw kwibte-i-a-
s\y AwKoIcn®XmWv _lp`mcyXz-sa-
∂-Xv. AXns‚ ]mtbmKnIXbpw ]m-am-
Wn-IXbpw t_m[ys∏Sm≥ apkvenw kap-
Zm-bØns‚ AItØ ]≈nbn¬ P\n-
t°-≠ Imcyan√. Aapkvenw _p≤n-Po-
hn-IfS°w \nch[n t]¿ AwKoIcn®
C-u hkvXpX hniZoIcn°m≥ Chn-sS-
bp-t-±in°p∂pan√.
]s£, AØcw hnhmlßfpsS ]-
›m-Øehpw AXnse tKmkn∏pIfpw Iq-
Sn NnIs™SpsØgpXp∂ "`qX°-Æm-Sn-
2013 tabv 6
Xn-cp-sam-gn-
A_q AZo_v
A[zm-\hpw bmN-\bpw
bmN\ Hcp sXmgn-em-bn amdn-bn-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wv. sshIm-sX Xs∂ bmN-I¿°n-
S-bn¬ sXmgn-emfn kwL-S-\-Ifpw A-
tkm-kn--tb-j-\p-Ifpw cq]-s∏-t´-°mw.
_-kv-Ãm-‚p--I-fnepw sdbn¬th-tÃ-j-\p-
I-fpw D-’-h-∏-d-ºp-Ifpw tIµo-I-cn®v sN-
dn-b Ip´n-I-sfbpw AwK-ssh-I-ey-ap-≈-
h-scbpw D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ h≥ bmNI
dm°-‰p--Iƒ ]h-¿-Øn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv CS-
-bv-°n-sS hm¿Ø-I-fm-hm-dp-≠v. hgn-b-cn-
In¬ ac-W-s∏- p-In-S∂ Nne bmN-I-cpsS
`mfi-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\v
cq-]-b-S-ßp∂ ]gvkpw e£-߃ _me-
≥-kp≈ _m¶v ]m v_p°pw Is≠-Sp-
Øp-sh-∂Xv hni∏v am‰p-hmt\m A\n-hm-
cy-amb a‰v Poh-k-‘m-c-W-߃t°m th-
≠n-b-√ ]ecpw bmN-\-bp-ambn \S-°p-
∂-Xv F∂Xv t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Xß-
fpsS ÿncw Gcn-b-bn-te°v a‰v bmN-I-
¿ ]th-in-°p-∂Xv AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-
bm-ØXv sIm≠p≈ hg-°p-Iƒ t]mepw
tIc-f-Ønse Nne \Kc ImgvN-I-fm-Wv.
hoSp-Iƒ tXmdpw Ib-dn-bn-dßn ssI-
\o- p-∂tXm hgn-b-cn-In¬ XpWn hncn-®n-
cn-°p-∂tXm sSbn\p-I-fn¬ Im¿Up-I-fp-
ambn hcp-∂tXm amX-a√; ]XypX X\n-
°-¿l-X-bn-√mØ ]Wtam a‰v hkvXp-
°tfm Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-sa∂ hyh-ÿ-
bn-√msX Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-sX√mw Hc¿Y-
Ø-n¬ bmN-\-bpsS ]cn-[n-bn¬ s]Spw.
Hcn-°¬ kmº-ØnI sNe-hp≈ Hcp k-
‘n--bpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ta-s‰-SpØ J-_o-
k klmbw Bh-iy-s∏´v \_nsb
k-ao-]n® kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ]hm-N-I≥
]d™p: J_ok, aq∂v Bfp-Iƒ°-
√m-s-X Hcmƒ°pw `n£m-S\w A\p-h-Z-
\o-b-a-√. 1. DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs‰-SpØ hy-
‡n. AXv \nd-th-‰p-∂Xv hsc A-bm-ƒ°v
bm-N\ A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. tijw A-Xn-
¬-\n∂v ]n≥am-d-Ww. 2. Hcp AXym-ln-X-
Øn¬s]´v kºØv \jvS-s∏´ hy‡n.
Po-hn-X-am¿Kw kzmb-Ø-am-°p-∂Xv hsc
klm-b-a-`y¿Yn-°¬ Ah\pw A\p-h-Z-
\o-b-am-Wv. 3. ISpØ Zmcn-Zy-Øn¬ AI-
s∏- hy‡n. Xs‚ P\-X-bn¬\n∂v hnth-
I-im-en-I-fmb aq∂v t]¿ Abmƒ ISpØ
Zmcn-Zy-Øn-em-sW∂v km£yw hln-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Abmƒ°pw Po-
hn-X-am¿Kw ssIh-cp-∂Xv hsc bmN\
A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. J_ok, CX-√mØ
as‰√m klm-b`y¿Y-\-Ifpw \njn-≤-am-
Wv. AXn-eqsS Abmƒ £n-°p-∂Xv \n-
jn-≤-hp-amWv.'' (ap-kvenw)
hndIv tiJ-cn®v hn‰n- m-sW-¶nepw bm-
N-\ Hgn-hm-°-W-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n® \_n ,
Btcm-Ky-ap-≠m-bn-cns° sXmgn¬ sNø-
W-sa∂pw bmN\ ]mSn-s√-∂p-ap≈ ktµ-
i-amWv \¬Ip-∂Xv. A\ym-b-ambn bmNn-
°p-∂-h≥ apJØv amwk-an-√m-sX-bm-bncn-
°pw \msf ]c-tem-IØv lmP-cm-°-s∏-
Sp-I-sb∂v lZoYp-I-fn¬ ImWmw. k-º-
Øv h¿[n-°m≥ th≠n bmNn-°p-∂-h≥
Xo-°-\-emWv tNmZn-®p-hm-ßp-∂-sX∂pw
P\-ß-tfmSv H∂pw tNmZn®v hmßn-s√∂v
D-d∏v Xcp-∂-h¿°v kz¿Kw Dd-∏p-X-cm-sa-
∂-pw Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.
A[zm-\n®v £Ww Ign-°p-∂-Xns‚
a-lXzw \_n ]m[m-\y-]q¿hw ]Tn-∏n-
®p. Hcp-thf At±lw ]d™p: ""kz¥w
ssI-sIm≠v sXmgn¬ sNbvXv £n-°p-
∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ hnin-jvS-amb Blmcw H-
cmfpw Ign-®n- n-√.'' (_p-Jmcn)
ap≥ ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS khn-ti-j-X-
Iƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ FSp-Øp-]-d™ H-
cp Imcyw Ah-c-[n-Ihpw A[zm-\n®v `-
£-Ww Ign-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh--∂XmWv.
"ZmhqZv ]hm-N-I≥ kz¥w Icw sIm-
≠p-≈ A[zm-\- -e-Øn¬\n∂-√mØ -
£-Ww Ign-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂pw' (_p-Jmcn)
"k-I-cnø \_n Bim-cn-bmbncp∂p-
sh-∂pw' (apkvenw) lZoYp-I-fn-ep-≠v.
bmN-Isc Ifn-bm-°tem H∂pw \-¬-
Im-Xn-cn-°tem hgn-b√ bmN-\sb \ncp-
’m-l-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv. \√ \ne-bn¬ A-
h-sc ]p\-c-[n-h-kn-∏n-°m≥ ian-°p-I-
bmWv Ic-Wo-bw. DXv]m-Z-\m-[n-jvTn-X-amb
sNdp-InS sXmgn¬ kwcw-`-ß-fp-≠m°n
A-h-scbpw Inbm-fl-I-ambn kaql ]p-
tcm-K-Xn-bpsS mK-am-°m-\mWv k¿°mcpw
CXc aX -km-aqly klmb tIµ-ßfpw
ian-t°-≠-Xv.
kpss_¿ C_v\p A∆man¬\n∂v \nth-Z\w: \_n ]d™p: \nß-fn-sem-cmƒ Ib-
sd-SpØv ae-bn¬ t]mbn Xs‚ apXp-In¬ Hcp sI´v hndIp Npa∂v sIm≠p-h∂v AXv
hn‰p In´p∂ Imip-sIm≠v Abm-fpsS A`n-am\w A√mlp kwc-£n-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬
AXmWv P\-ß-tfmSv bmNn-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Abmƒ°v DØ-aw. P\-߃ Abmƒ°v
\¬Ip-Itbm \ntj-[n-°p-Itbm sNømw. (_p-Jm-cn)
2013 tabv 7
hna¿i-\-ßsf a[p-c-ap-≈-Xm-°n-Øo¿°pI
"Bfp-I-fpsS hna¿i-\-ß-sfbpw \nµ-sbbpw ]q¿W-ambn C√m-Xm-°m-\m-Ip-sa∂v Icp-Xp-∂-
h¿ _p≤n-iq-\y-cm-Wv. hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn Imcy-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw kz¥sØ AXn-\-\p-
kr-X-ambn k÷o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿, P\-߃ ]pI-gvØp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Bkz-Zn-°pI
hna¿in-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bm-Wv. P\-߃ \ymb-amb coXn-bn-emWv ]iw-kn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬t]mepw AXv
Xm≥ Adn-bp-∂-Xp-aqew X\n°v Xs∂°pdn-®p -Xs∂ aXn∏v h¿[n-∏n°p-Ibpw AXv Xs‚ \∑-
I-fpsS aqeyw Ipd-bv°p-Ibpw sNbvtX°mw F∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wn-Xv. P\-߃ A\ym-b-amb coXn-
bn¬, A¿l-X-s∏-SmØ Imcy-Øn-emWv ]iw-kn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv Xm≥ Adn-bp-∂-Xp-aqew
bYm¿Y-a-√mØ Hcp Imcy-sØ-s®m√n X\n°v A\ym-b-amb kt¥m-j-ap-≠m-hp-Ibpw AXv Hcp
henb Xn∑-bmbn Xocp-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv. AtX-k-abw P\-߃ \ymb-
ambn hna¿in-°p-Ibpw Xm≥ AXv Adn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-aqew Xs‚ sX‰pIsf°dn®v kzbw
a\ nem°phm\pw Xm≥ hna¿in°s∏Sp∂ Imcyßfn¬ \n∂v Hgn™v \n¬°phm\pw Hcmƒ°v
km[n°pw. CXv Xo¿®bmbpw alØmb `mKyw Xs∂bmWv; sX‰pImc\√msX B `mKyw
Dt]£n°m\mhpIbn√. A\ymbamb coXnbn¬ hna¿in°s∏SpIbpw AXv Xm≥ AdnbpIbpw
sNbvXn´pw £a Ah-ew-_n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ £abpw kl-\hpw hgn IqSp-X¬ ]Xn- ew e`n-
°p-∂-h-\m-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ X\n°v Ign-bp-a-t√m. A\ym-b-ambn hna¿in-°p-∂-h-cpsS Nne \√
]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS ]Xn-^-ehpw Abmƒ°v e`n-°p-a-t√m. G‰-hp-a-[nIw c£ Bh-iy-ap≈
\ymb-hn[n \mfn¬ Ch Abmƒ°p≈ k¬I¿a-ß-fmbn FÆ-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. Xm≥ ]h¿Øn-
°p-Itbm ]h¿Øn-°m-\mbn ]bm-k-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNømØ \∑-bpsS ]Xn- ew e`n-°pIsb∂-
Xns\ sNdp-Xmbn ImWpI hnUv-Vn-Iƒ amX-am-Wv. P\-߃ Abm-sf-°p-dn®v ]iw-kn-®mepw
Cs√-¶nepw AXv Abmƒ Adn-bm-Øn-S-tØm-fw-Imew Abmƒ°v AXp-sIm≠v KpWtam tZmjtam
D-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ hna¿i-\-Øns‚ ÿnXn AX-√. AXv Abmƒ Adn-™mepw Cs√-¶n-epw
Abmƒ°v KpW-I-c-am-Wv. Fß-s\-bm-sW-¶nepw AXv Abmƒ°v ]Xn- ew t\Sn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂p.'
lnPvd A©mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn® ]kn≤ A¥-eq-kn-b≥ apkvenw _p≤n-Pohn Camw A_q
apl-ΩZv C_v\p lk-ans‚ InØm_p¬ AJvemJp hkv-kn-bm¿ o apZm-hmØp \p^qkv F-∂
KŸ-Ønse, "A¬ AJvep hdml' F∂ mKØv ]iw-k-sbbpw hna¿i-\-sØ-bpw-Ip-dn®v ]-cm-
a¿in-°p-tºmƒ Camw ]d™ apI-fn-esØ hcn-Iƒ F°m-e-Øp-ap≈ ]t_m-[-I¿°v shfn®w
\¬Ip-∂-h-bm-Wv. ]iwk CjvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw hna¿i\w shdp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-sb∂ am\p-jn-I-am-
b kzm`m-hn-IX a\pjya\- p-Isf Akz-ÿhpw Aim-¥-hp-am-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ]kvXpX A-
im-¥n-bn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ G‰hpw \√ acp∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn-°p-th≠n Po-hn--°p-
I-bm-sW∂pw ka¿Yn-®p-sIm-≠mWv Camw C_v\p lkw apI-fn¬ ]d™ \nco-£-W-߃ \-S-
Øp-∂-Xv. P\ß-fpsS ]iwk BK-ln-°p-Ibpw hna¿i\w `b-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v A-h-¿
Adn-bmsX kz¥w k¬I¿a-߃ \jvS-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv sNøp-∂-sX∂pw AØ-c-°m-¿-°v B-flm-¿Y-
ambn A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn amXw Imw£n-®p-sIm≠v I¿a-߃ sNøp-hmt\m A-ßs\ kz-Po-
hnXw ]Im-i-am-\-am-°p-ht\m Ign-bn-s√∂ hkvXp-X-bn-te-°mWv Camw ChnsS sh-fn®w hoip-∂-Xv.
A√m-lp-hns‚ aXw a‰p-≈-h¿°v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw Ah-cp-ambn kwh-Zn-°p-Ibpw
sNøm≥ ]cn-i-an-°p-∂-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ah¿ sNøp∂ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf√mw A√m-
lp-hns‚ ]oXn amXw Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠m-sW∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ≠ _m[y-X-bp-≠v. Bfp-I-fpsS
]iwk BK-ln-°p-Ibpw Biw-k-Iƒ Imw£n-°p-Ibpw IøSn ]Xo-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-
]-Xm-[n-]¿-°v- ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv-
2013 tabv 8
h¿°v ]e-t∏mgpw kXyw Xpd-∂p-]-d-bm≥ Ign-™p-sIm-≈-W-sa-∂n-√. A√mlp amX-amWv Bcm-[y-
s\∂v ]t_m-[\w sNøp-∂-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw krjvSn-]q-P-bpsS \nc¿Y-IX t_m[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-
≠n-h-cnI kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. krjvSn]qP-I-cp-sSbpw AXns\ \ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-sSbpw BZ¿i-]-c-amb
sh-dp∏v kºm-Zn-®p-sIm-≠-√msX kXy-k-‘-ambn kXy-aX ]t_m-[\w \n¿h-ln-°p-hm-\m-hp-I-bn-s√-∂-
¿Yw. ]t_m-[n-X-cpsS \∑ Imw£n-®p-sIm≠pw tam£w BK-ln-®p-sIm-≠p-amWv kXy-Øn-te°v A-h-
sc £Wn-°p-∂-sX-¶nepw ]iw-k-bm-hp-I-bn-√, A`n-iw-kbmbncn°pw ]t_m-[-I¿°v t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cn-I-
sb-∂v ]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS-sb√mw NcnXw hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS hy‡nPo-hn-X-Øn¬ aXn-
∏p-≈-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬t]mepw Ahsc hna¿in-°p-Ibpw \nµn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-\mWv ]t_m-[nXkaqlw
samØ-Øn¬ XømdmbXv F∂ hkvXpX \¬Ip∂ ]mTw hne-s∏ -Xm-Wv. hy‡n-]-c-ambn FX-Xs∂ \-
∑-Iƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-h-cm-sW-¶nepw kXyw ]d-bm≥ N¶q‰w ImWn-°p-∂-h¿°v hna¿i-\-ßfpw \nµbpw
t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp-sa∂ ]mTw; Cu ]mTw bYm-cq-]-Øn-¬ Dƒs°m-≈m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mWv ]iw-k-Iƒ amXw
B-K-ln-°p-Ibpw hna¿i-\-߃ shdp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ah-ÿ-bp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. ]iw-k-I-f-√, hna¿i-
\-ß-fmWv bYm¿Y-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn- Imw-£n-°p-∂-h¿ BK-ln-°p-I-sb∂ C_v\p lk-an-
s‚ \nco-£Ww ]k-‡-am-Ip-∂Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv.
]iw-k-Iƒ tIƒ°m≥ BK-ln-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw hna¿i-\-ßsf b-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-¿-
°v amXsa bYm-cq-]-Øn¬ Ckv-em-ans\ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw If-¶-te-i-an-√mØ XuloZv ]t_m-[-
\w \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøm-\m-Iq-sh-∂mWv ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS NcnXw \¬Ip∂ ]mTw.
kz¥-°mcpw CjvS-s∏- -h-cp-amWv _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\bpsS h‡m-°fpw ]tbm-‡m-°fpw \ymbo-I-cn-
°p-∂hcp-sa-∂-sXm∂pw Xs∂ ]t_m-[-\-ho-Yn-bn¬ N¶q-‰-tØmsS \ne-\n¬°p-hm≥ ]hm-N-I≥am¿°v
XS- -am-bn- n-√. F°m-e-sØbpw XuloZn]t_m-[-I¿°v amXr-I-bmb C_mlnw \_n -bpsS i‡-
\m-b hna¿i-I\pw FXn-cm-fnbpw kz¥w ]nXm-hp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. kz¥w _oP-Øn¬ ]nd∂ ]p-
X-≥ FXn-cm-fn-bm-bp-s≠-∂Xv \qlv \_n -sbtbm kz¥-tØm-sSm∏w InS-∏d ]¶n-Sp-∂-h¿ Xn∑-bpsS
]£-Øp-s≠-∂Xv eqXzv \_n -sbtbm BZ¿i ]t_m-[\cwK-Øp-\n∂v ]n¥n-cn-∏n-®n-´n-√. ]nXr-hy-
\m-b A_q-e-l_v i‡-amb hna¿i-\-ß-fp-ambn cwK-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xpw Xs∂ kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw Xm-
ßm-bn \n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂tXmsSm∏w Xs∂ Xs‚ hna¿i-I-tcm-sSm∏w Bi-b-∏m-b-bn¬ InS-°p-∂-
h-\mWv Xs‚ as‰mcp ]nXr-hy-\mb A_q-Xm-en_v F∂Xpw A¥na ]hm-N-I-s\ Gsd ZpxJn∏n-®n-cp-
∂p-sh-¶nepw BZ¿i-]-t_m-[\cwKØv A¬]-sa-¶nepw hn´phogvN sNøp-hm≥ ]tNm-Zn-∏n-®n- n-√. Xs‚
\m¬]Xv hb- p-hsc Xt∂m-sSm∏w D≠m-hp-Ibpw Xs∂ A¬- -A-ao≥ F∂v hnfn®p ]iw-kn-°p-Ibpw
Xs∂ hna¿in-°p-hm≥ Bscbpw A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂-h¿ X-s∂-bmWv Xm≥ kXyw
Dds° ]d-™p-sh-∂-Xn-\m¬ Xs‚ \nµ-Icpw hna¿i-I-cp-am-bn-Øo¿∂-sX∂ Imcyw, kXyw ]d-bp-∂-
Xn¬ sNdn-b -tXm-Xn-se-¶n-ep-ap≈ hn´p-hogvN sNøp-hm≥ apl-ΩZv \_nsb t]cn-∏n-®n- n-√. ]iw-k-I-
ƒ BK-ln-°p-Ibpw hna¿i-\-ßsf b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v ]hm-N-I≥amcpsS ]n≥ap-d-°m-cm-Im-
≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂-XmWv ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsSsb√mw ]t_m-[\Ncn-Xw.
Ckv-em-an-Im-Z¿i-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ hna¿i-\-߃°v ]am-W-_-≤hpw hkvXp-\n-jvT-hp-amb adp-]Sn \-
¬Ip-hm≥ N¶q‰w ImWn-°p-tºmgpw X\n-s°-Xn-sc-bp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb hna¿i-\-ßsf Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw
kzmK-X-tam-Xp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-\m-bn-cn°pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-sb∂ C_v\p-l-k-ans‚ \nco-£Ww Gsd it≤-
b-am-Wv. X\n-s°-Xnsc \S-°p∂ hna¿i-\-߃ Xm≥ Adn-™mepw Cs√-¶nepw X\n°v Kp-W-I-c-am-sW∂v
a\- n-em-°p-∂-bmƒ Hcn-°epw Xs∂ hna¿i-\-߃°v apºn¬ Icn-™p-t]m-hp-I-bn-√. hna¿i-\-߃
kXy-k-‘-am-sW-¶n¬, Xs∂ Xncp-Øp-hm-\p≈ kph¿Wm-h-k-c-am-bmWv Abmƒ AXns\ ImWp-I. Xm\-
dn-bmsX h∂-p - -hn® sX‰p-Isf Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-hm≥ k∑-\ v ImWn-®-bm-fmbn hna¿i-Is\ ImWp-I-
bpw, sX‰p-Iƒ ]c-ky-am-°msX KpW-Imw-£-tbmsS Xs∂ Xncp-Øn-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F∂v BK-ln-°p-I-bp-
amWv AØ-cw hna¿i-\-߃ tIƒ°p-tºmƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ sNøp-I. hna¿i-\-߃ kXy-k-‘-a-s√-
¶n¬, Xs∂ \nµn-°p-Ibpw A]-Io¿Øn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n amXw ]S-°-s∏- -Xm-sW-
¶n¬t]mepw Ah-tbmSv Inbm-fl-I-ambn ]XnIcn°p-∂-h-\m-bn-cn°pw kXy-hn-izm-kn. Xm≥ Hcn-°epw
]Xo-£n-°mØ Xc-Øn¬ ]Xo-£n-°m-Ø-h-cn¬\n∂v Iqc-amb \nµbpw A n-iw-k-bp-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒt]mepw
Ah-tbmSv kwlm-cm-fl-I-ambn ]Xn-I-cn®v Xs‚ Ckv-em-anI hy‡n-XzsØ If-¶-s∏-Sp-Øm-sX, kwb-a-
\hpw £abpw ]men®v Ah-bv°p-≈ A√m-lp-hns‚ ]Xn- ew Imw£n-°p-I-bmWv hnizmkn sNøp-I.
AtXmsSm-∏w-X-s∂, Xm≥ sNømØ sX‰n\v Xs∂ Iqin-°p-∂h¿ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw sNbvXn-
´p≈ k¬I¿a-߃t]mepw X\n°v KpW-I-c-am-bmWv hn-°p--I F∂ Xncn-®-dnhpw hna¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\
a[p-c-X-c-amb A\p- -h-am-°n-Øo¿°p-I-bmWv sNøp-I. ]iw-k-Iƒ BK-ln-°p-Itbm hna¿i-\-ßsf b-
°p-Itbm sNømsX kXy-aX ]t_m-[-\-sa∂ ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-h¿°mWv A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXn°v
]mXam-Ip-hm≥ Ign-bpI. AXn\v A√mlp A\p-K-ln-°-s -. (B-ao≥)
2013 tabv 9
]n.hn.F ]nwtdmkv
""\mw kXy\njvTcmbncn°Ww. \ΩpsS ]Øn¬ HºXv mKw
D-u¿Phpw sNehgn°s∏Sp∂Xv \ma√mØXv \mamsW∂v
P\ßsf hnizkn∏n°m≥ th≠nbmWv. \mw BtI≠Xn\v th-
≠n- B Du¿Pw sNe hgn°s∏´m¬ AXmWv t\cmb hgn°p≈
sN-ehnS¬.'' (kzman hnthIm\µ≥)(1)
""Bscbpw shdp°cpXv; Xn∑sb FXn¿°cpXv F∂v ]dbm≥
h-fsc Ffp∏amWv. F∂m¬ B D]tZiw km[mcWbmbn ]-
tbm-KØn¬ Fßs\bncn°psa∂v \ap°dnbmw. P\-k-ap-Zm-b-
Øn-s‚ Zr„n \ΩpsS ta¬ ]Xn™ncn°ptºmƒ, \mw ]pdsa
Xn-Xn£ \Sn®psh∂v hcmw. F∂m¬ B kabaXbpw \ΩpsS
lr-Zbw \odpIbmbncn°pw. CXv Im]SyamWv, ]tbm-P-\-an-√m-
Ø-XmWv.'' (kzman hnthIm\µ≥)(2)
hnthIm\µ\pw k¿haX kXyhmZhpw
XΩnse¥v?
2013 tabv 10
kzmanhnthIm\µs‚ 150mw P∑hm-
¿-jn-ItØmSp\p_‘n®v Hcp h¿jw \o-
≠p-\n¬°p∂ hnhn[ßfmb ]cn]m-Sn-
I-ƒ mcXsam´p°pw \S∂psIm-≠n-cn-°p-
I-bmWv. P∑hm¿jnIØnse A°ß-
fp-sS khntijXtb°mtfsd hnthIm-
\-µs‚ P∑hm¿jnIsØ cmPyØv Pzen-
∏n-®v \n¿Øp∂ ][m\ LSIw B-k-
∂-amb ]m¿esa‚ v Xncs™Sp∏mWv. A-
S-pØnsS \S∂ Nne cW\-S]-Sn-I-fn-eq-
sS XßfpsS atXXc ]XnOmbt°‰
I-f-¶w ambv®p Ifbm≥ cWI£nbpw,
Ip-d®pImeambn ]®°v ]ISamhp∂ X-
ß-fpsS P∑sshIrXamb Xohln-µp-Xz-
sØ ad®p ]nSn°m≥ ]Xn]£ I£n-
bp-w kzmanbpsS P∑hm¿jnIsØ Iq´p-
]n-Sn°p∂Xp sIm≠v Xs∂ CtXm-S\-p-
_-‘n®p≈ _lphn[]cn]mSnIfm¬
kº∂amWv mcXØns‚ aX˛cmjvSo-
b-˛kmaqln-I˛kmwkvImcnI ]cnkcw.
k¿haX kXymhmZØns‚ k¿hIme
h-‡mhmbn Hcp Iq´¿ kzmansb ]pIgv-
-Øp-tºmƒ adp]£Øv atXXchmZnbpw
arZplnµpXzhmZnbpambmWv Db¿Øn-°m-
´p-∂Xv.
h¿Kob˛atXXc ap∂WnIƒ°v ]pd-
sa h¿Kob hncp≤ FgpØpImcpw CSXp-
]-£ klbmXnIcpw hsc hnthIm-\-
µ-s\ k¿h aX kvt\lnbmbn´mWv hne-
bn-cpØmdv. "F√m aXßfpw Xpey ]cnK-
W-\-b¿ln°p∂Xpw' "]ckv]c kaXz-
am-Wv aX߃°nSbn¬ th≠sX∂pw'
hn-iz-kn®bmfmbncp∂p kzman hnthIm-
-\-µ≥ F∂mWv NcnXcN\bn¬ ]e-
t∏m-gpw heXp]£sØ hna¿in°p-I-
bp-w am¿IvknÃv Nn¥mKXn ]Ncn∏n°p-
I-bpw sNøp∂ NcnXImc\pw ap≥ sP.-
F-≥.-bp NcnXhn`mKw A[ym]I\pamb
sI.F≥ ]Wn°¿ Zn lnµp Zn\]-X-Øn-
¬ CubnsS FgpXnbXv. "kwLv]cn-hm-
dn-s‚ ]XybimkvXw aXkv]¿Zbn¬
\nesIm≠XmsW¶n¬, hnthIm-\-µ-t‚-
Xv sFIyØn\pw kaXzØn-\pw th-≠n-
bp-≈XmsW∂pw'(3) At±-lw hy-‡am-
°p-∂p.
bYm¿YØn¬, hnthIm\µ Pohn-X-
sØ kaKamsbSpØp t\m°nbm¬, A-
t±-lØns‚ cN\IsfSpØv ]T\w \-S-
Øn-bm¬ k¿haXkXyhmZsØtbm
arZp-lnµpXzhmZsØtbm PohnX-Øn-sem-
cn-°epw At±lw BZ¿iambn sIm≠p-
\-S-∂ncp∂n√ F∂v hy‡amWv. D≈n¬
auenIhmZsØ ]qPn°pIbpw ]pdta°v a-tX-
Xc-XzsØ ]p¬IpIbpw sNøp∂h¿ kµ¿`hpw
kmlNcyhpw ]cnKWn°msX At±lØns‚
hN\ßsf AS¿ØnsbSpØmWv ]et∏mgpw, k-
¿-haXkXyhmZØns‚ h‡mhmbn At±lsØ
AhXcn∏n°mdv. ChnsS ]tXyIw i≤nt°≠
hkvXpX Xm≥ Hcp k¿haXkXyhmZnbmbn A-
dn-bs∏SWsa∂v At±lw Ft∏msg¶nepw A`ne-
jn-®ncpt∂m F∂XmWv. tImUoIcn°s∏´ cN-
\-Ifpw ]`mjWßfpw ]cntim[n®m¬ Xo¿®-
bm-bpw ]dbm≥ Ignbpw AØcsamcp Btcm-
]n-X hnip≤nbnbn¬ A`ncan°m≥ BK-ln-®n-
cp-∂ Bfmbncp∂n√ hnthIm\µ≥ F∂v amX-
a-√ adn®v, AsXmcp Im]SyamsW∂v t]mepw
hn-iz-kn®ncp∂psh∂mWv At±lØns‚ cN-\-
I-ƒ \¬Ip∂ km£yw.
k¿haX kXyhmZw F∂Xv Hcp ip≤-I-f-
hm-Wv. ]q¿W I]S\√mØ Hcmƒ°pw k¿h-a-
X-kXyhmZsØ ]n¥pW°m\mhn√. H∂pw H-
∂pw Iq´nbm¬ H∂msW∂pw c≠msW∂pw A-
©m-sW∂pw hnizkn°m\pw hmZn°m\pw Hcm-
ƒ-°v AhImiap≠v. F∂m¬, H∂pw c≠pw A-
©pw AXns‚ icnbpØcßsf∂v ]dbp∂h¿
H-∂pIn¬ X\n I]S∑mtcm As√¶n¬ \ne]m-
Sp-clnXtcm Bbncn°pw. CXv Xs∂bmWv aXZ-
¿-i\ßsf Ipdn®p≈ ]T\ØneqsS hnthIm-
\-µ\pw FØnt®¿∂n´p≈Xv.
Ahn`‡ C¥ysb G‰hpw IqSpX¬ kzm-
[o-\n® Zm¿i\nIcn¬ ]apJ\pw ]mtbmKnI
Po-hnXamXrIsf IrXyambn \n¿hNn®hcn¬ ]-
[m-\nbpamWv kzman hnthIm\µ≥. arX-]m-b-
am-b sslµhZ¿i\ßsf Xs‚ DPzeamb ]-
`m-jW]mShw sIm≠v ]p\cp÷ohn∏n°pIbpw
Hcp thf ctWm’pI lnµpXzØn\v awKf]Xw
D≈n¬ auenIhmZsØ ]q-
Pn-°pIbpw ]pdta°v atX-
X-cXzsØ ]p¬IpIbpw
sN-øp-∂h¿ kµ¿`hpw km-
l-Ncyhpw ]cnKWn°msX
hnthIm\µs‚ hN-\-ß-
sf AS¿Øn-sbSp-Øm-Wv
]et∏mgpw, k¿haX-kXy-
hm -ZØns‚ h‡mhmbn
At±lsØ AhX-cn∏n-°m-
dv. ChnsS ]tXyIw i≤n-
t°-≠ hkvXpX Xm≥ Hcp
k-¿haXkXyhmZnbmbn A-
dn-bs∏SWsa∂v At±lw
F-t∏msg¶nepw A`ne-jn-
®n-cpt∂m F∂XmWv.
2013 tabv 11
\¬IpIbpw sNbvX kzman hnthIm-\-
µ-s\, AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ k¿h-aX-k-
Xy-hmZØns‚ h‡mhmbn "XcwXm-gv-Øp-
∂-Xv' A]Iam\IcamWv. a‰paX߃ X-
ß-fpsS Z¿i\ßfmWv icnsb∂pw,
ASnÿm\mibßfn¬ _m°-n-bp-≈-h-
sb-√mw s]m≈bmsW∂pw ka¿-Yn-°p-
∂-Xv aX]t_m[\Øns‚ `mKam-sW-
¶n-¬ kzmanhnthImµ\pw AXn\v A[n-
Im-cap≠v. AXt±lw ka¿Yambn \n¿-
h-ln®n´pap≠v. k¿haXk-Xyhm-ZØn-
s‚- "]iwkm Xp∏p\ocn¬' apßnt∏mb
A-t±lØns‚ Z¿i\ßsf apßnsbSp-
Øv P\ka£w ka¿∏n°m≥ ian°p-
I-bmWv Cu teJ\ØneqsS.
hnthIm\µs‚ "amXmhpw' "ktlmZ-
co- ktlmZc∑mcpw'
`uXnIXbpsSbpw ]utcmln-Xy-Øn-
s‚-bpw A´nt∏dpIƒ°Snbn¬ s] v Du-
¿≤-izmkw hen®ncp∂ 19mw \q‰m≠ns‚
]cZiIßfnse lnµp \thm∞m\-Øn-
\v arXkRvPohn\nbmbn h¿Øn®Xv hn-
th-Imµ\mbncp∂p. Htckabw ssIkv-
X-h anjWdnam¿ lnµpXzØn\v t\sc
\SØns°m≠ncn°p∂ hna¿i\ßsf
^e]Zambn ]Xntcm[n°pIbpw A-tXm-
--sSm∏w Xs∂ kz¥w aXØnse ]mtbm-
Kn-I ]iv\ßsf c‡w s]mSnbmsX
ikvXInbsNbvXp t\scbm-°p-I-bp-am-
bn-cp∂p At±lØn\v apºnep≈ mcn®
DØchmZnØw.
1895 s^_phcn 15\v \yqtbm¿°nse
sl-bv¬ ZºXnam¿°b® IhnXm--cq-]-Øn-
e-p≈ IØn¬ AssZzX thZm¥Øn¬
DZmØm-h-ÿ ]m]n®h\msW∂v Xms\∂v A-
t±-lw Xp-d-∂v ]dbp∂p≠v. Cu e£y]q¿-Øo-
I-c-W-Øn-\m-Wv io cmaIrjvW ]calwksc
Xs‚ Kp-cphm-bn kzoIcn°p∂Xpw InkvXphpw
t]m-fpw t]m-se "]Imiw ]cØp∂ CSnap-g-°-
°m-c\mbn' kzbw Adnbs∏´Xpw. AssZzX th-
Zm¥Øn¬ DƒtN¿∂ Z¿i\hpambmWv At±lw
lnµpXz-sØ kao]n®Xv. lnµpaXw k¿-h-a-X-
ß-fn¬ \n-∂v n∂hpw G‰hpw DZmØ-hp-amsW-
∂m-bncp∂p At±lw hnizkn®ncp∂Xv. 1853 sk-
]v-Xw_¿ 11\v Nn°mtKmbnse temI aX-]m-¿-e-
sa-‚n¬ sh®v "Atacn°bnse ktlm-Z-co-˛k-
tlm-Zc∑mtcmSv' \SØnb NcnX]kn≤amb ]-
kw-KØn¬t]mepw "lnµpaXw k¿h-a-X-ß-fp-sS-
b-pw amXmhv' F∂ hntijWtØmSv IqSnbmWv
A-tZlw ]`mjWamcw`n°p∂Xv. Xs∂.
""lnµp aXamWv temIsØ klnjvWpXbpw
km¿heuInIamb kzoImckz`mhhpw ]Tn∏n®,
Ct∏mgpw ]Tn∏n®p sIm≠ncn°p∂ aXw F∂
h-kvXpXbnte°mWv ]mamWnIXsb sNm√n-bp-
≈ Cu AhImihmZw sI´nbncn°p∂Xv. lnµp-
aXw klnkjvWpXbn¬ hnizkn°pI amXa√
F-√m aXßfnsebpw kXysØ AwKoIcn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp∂p. hmfpsImt≠m XqenIsImt≠m
A-Xv Hcn°epw Bscbpw th´bmSnbn´n√. hmkv-
X-hØn¬ AXv th´bmSs∏´ hn`mK߃°v
A`bw \¬IpIbmWv sNbvXn´p≈Xv. AXns‚
k-tµiw hn`mKobXbv°pw aX`m¥n\pw aX-au-
enIhmZØn\pw ]‰nb adpacp∂mWv.''(4)
"a‰paX߃k¿haXßfpsSbpw amXmhmb
lnµpaXhpambn XmcXayw sNbvXm¬ inip°ƒ
amXw. Ahsc√mw Hcp A¥amb skan\mdn¬
]¶mfnIfmWv. AXn¬ lnµpaXamWv BNmcy≥
(Syq´¿); as‰√m aXßfpw injycpw (Syq´okv).'
F-∂mWv At±lw ]kvXpX ]kwKØneqsS
k-a¿Yn°m≥ ian®Xv.
1893 sk]vXw_¿ 19\v \SØnb aX]m-¿-e-
sa-‚ v ]kwKØnepw CtX Bibw Xs∂bmWv
ImWm≥ IgnbpI. "ag Xcm\pw A∂∂sØ A-
∏w In´m\pw ]m¿Yn°p∂Xn¬ uXnIhmZw Np-
h-bv°p∂p' F∂v ]d™ hnthIm\µ≥ a‰pa-
X-ßfpsS ap∂n¬ Xs‚ aXw PmPzeamsW∂p
am-Xa√ a‰p≈hsb√mw uXnI]aØX _m[n-
®-XmsW∂pw ka¿Yn°m≥ ian®p.
""lnµpaXw HgnsI as‰√m aXßfpw A-h-
bp-sS ÿm]IcpsStbm ]hmNIcpsStbm N-cn-
X-]camb D◊sb Bibn®ncn°p∂p. CXv A-
\n-hmcyambpw kwL´\Ønte°v \-bn-°p-∂p''(5)
""]hmNI]mcºcysØ \ntj[n® hn-th-Im-
\-µ≥ ]hmNI∑mcpsS e£ysØ Xs∂ Ifn-
bm-°p∂p. ""F√m ]hmNI∑mcpw ]pdØv \n∂v,
kzmanhnthIm\µs\ k-¿-
h-aXkXyhmZØns‚ h-
‡m-hmbn "Xcw-Xm-gv-Øp-∂-
Xv ' A]Iam\IcamWv. a-‰p-
a-X߃ XßfpsS Z¿i\-ß-
fmWv icnsb∂pw, ASn -
ÿm-\mibßfn¬ _m°n-
bp-≈hsb√mw s]m-≈bm-
sW-∂pw ka¿Yn°p∂Xv a-
X-]t_m[\Øns‚ `m-K-a-m-
sW-¶n¬ kzmanhnthIm-µ-
\p-w AXn\v A[nImcap≠v.
AXt±lw ka¿Yambn \n¿-
h-ln®n´pap≠v.
2013 tabv 12
AXmbXv uXnItemIØv \n∂v, ]Xn-
-ew Imw£n°m≥ _mlyamb Dt±-iy-
ßfm-¬ t]cnXcmbncp∂p. AhcpsS m-
j AXnKw`ocambncp∂ncn°mw; ]t£,
A-hcpsS Dt±iy߃ AXy[nIw kw-i-
b-Icambncp∂p.''(6)
Hcp thf Cu kwibIcamb DtZ-
iy-ßsf ]Xntcm[nt°≠ Xe-Øn-te-
°v At±lØns‚ Z¿i\߃ hg-n-am-dp-
∂p-≠v.
"\n߃°v sX‰p]‰nsb∂v F\n°v
tXm-∂nbn´pw Rm≥ \nßsf Pohn°m-\-
\p-hZn°p∂p F∂p≈XmWv klnj-Wp-
X'(7)sb∂v hymJym\n®, "a‰p aXØns‚
Cuizcs\ tami°mc\m°p∂Xv kz¥w
Cuizcs\ tami°mc\m°p∂Xn\v Xp-
ey-amWv' F∂v ]d™, "ap≥Ime aX-
ß-fn-se Cuizcs\ Rm≥ ]qPn°p∂p
A-h¿ Fßns\ ]qPn°p∂pthm, B cq-
]-Øn¬'(8) F∂v hnizkn® hnthIm-\-
µ-s‚ hnimea\kvIX ]Xps° kl-
\-Øns‚ AXncpIƒ \n›bn°p-∂Xm-
Wv ]n∂oSv ImWp∂Xv.
""]t£, BfpIƒ h∂v "CXpamX-
am-Wv hgn' F∂v ]d™v C¥ybn¬ \-
ap-°p-ta¬ AXv ASnt®¬]n°m≥ ian-
°p-tºmƒ \ap°v Hcp hm°v ]dbm\p-
≠v-. \mw Ahsc t\m°n Nncn°p∂p.
Cu-izc\nte°v Hcp hyXykvX am¿-
KØn-eqsS k©cn°p∂Xmbn ImWp∂p
F∂ ImcWØm¬ XßfpsS k-tlm-Z-
c-∑msc \in∏n°Wsa∂v B-K-ln-°p-
∂-h¿˛AØc°m¿ t]asØ∏‰n kw-
km-cn°p∂Xv Akw_‘amWv.''(9)
CØcw kabßfn¬ Xn∑ sNømXn-
cn-°p-∂Xv Xs∂bmWv \√sX¶nepw AXy-¥n-
I-ambn Xncn®Sn®ns√¶n¬ AXmWv ]m]Øn\v
Im-cWamIpI F∂v cmjvSkpc£bpsS B-\p-
Iq-eyØn¬, a\pkvarXnbpsS AIºSntbmsS hy-
‡-am°p∂p≠v At±lw
""lnµp KŸßƒ ]dbp∂p: ""\n- w-i-b-am-
bp-w tam£w [¿asØ°mƒ DXvIrjvSw Xs∂;
]-t£, BZyw [¿aw \ndth‰Ww. AhnS-Ø-s∂-
bm-Wv _p≤m\pbmbnIƒ Bib°pg∏-Ønemb-
X-pw ]e hnIrXnIfpw ImWn®Xpw. \ncp]ZhXzw
i-cnbmWv "Xn∑ sNømbvI' Hcp alØmb Imcyw
Xs∂. Chsb√mw henb XØzßfmWv. ]t£,
imkvX߃ ]dbp∂p: ""\o Hcp Krlÿ\mWv,
\n-s∂ Bsc¶nepw IhnfØSn®m¬ \o IÆn\p
I-Æv, ]√n\p ]√v F∂ \ymtb\ Xncn®p \-¬-
In-bns√¶n¬ \o ]m]nbmIpw F∂pd∏v.'' a\p
]d-bp∂p: ""Hcph≥ \ns∂s°m√m≥ h∂m¬
Ahs\, Ah≥ _m“W\msW¶n¬ t]mepw
sIm-√p∂Xv ]m]a√.''(a\p 8:350) CXv hfsc i-
cnbmWv CXmWv ad°cpXmØ Imcyhpw.''(10)
C°mcyw Du´nbpd∏n°pIbpw Cc´n-°n-c´-n-
bm-bn ]XnImcw sNøWsa∂pw At±lw A\p-
im-kn°p∂p. ""Hcph\v HcSn In´nbm¬ Ah\Xv
C-c´n tIm[tØmsS ]sØÆambn Xncn®p-sIm-
Sp-°Ww. F¶nse Ahs\mcp ]pcpj\mIq... o-
cp klXm]m¿Z\mb Hcp hkvXphmWv.''(11)
Cusbmcp Imcykm[yØn\v imcocnI Zu-¿-
_-eyw adnIS°m≥ th≠nbmWv "KoXm-]T-\-Øn-
eq-sS F∂Xnt\°mƒ IqSpX¬ Hcp pSvt_mƒ
a’cØneqsS ssZhØnte°Sp°pw'(12) F∂pw
"\n-ßfpsS Im¬hÆbnse t]inIƒ°v Ipd®v
Iq-Sn i‡nbps≠¶n¬ \n߃°v KoX Iptd-
°q-Sn \∂mbn a\ nemIpsa∂pw'(13) "hrµmh\-
Øn-¬ thWphqXn tKm]nIamcpsamØv cmkeo-
e-I-fn¬ G¿s∏´ IrjvWk¶¬]sØ Xakv-I-
cn-®v alm`mcXØn¬ knwl\mZapb¿Øn KoXm-
K-¿P\w \SØnb IrjvWs\ ]n¥pS-cW-sa-∂p-
sa-√mw'(14) I¬]n®Xv. adn®p≈ t]a˛`‡n ]-
N-cW-Øns‚ ew cmPyØv Ahtijn∏n®Xv
F-¥msW∂v hnthIm\µ≥ hy‡am°p∂p≠v.
""Cu cmjvSsØ t\m°q, AØcsamcp i-a-
Øn-s‚ esa¥msW∂v ImWq. AØcsamcp
t]-aw ]Ncn∏n®Xp ImcWw Cu cmjvSsam∂m-
-sI kvssXWambncn°p∂p˛kvXoIfpsS Hcp h-
¿-Kw! Hdok apgph≥ `ocp°fpsS \mSmbn. Ign-
™ \m\qdv h¿jambn cm[mt]aØn\p ]ndsI
]m-™p \S∂v _wKmfn\v ]ucpjt_m[w ]-q-¿-
W-ambn \jvSs∏´pIgn™p. P\߃ Icbm\pw
\nehnfn°m\pw amXw sIm≈p∂hcmbn; A-X-
h-cpsS tZiobkz`mhambn amdn. AhcpsS kmln-
Xy-w t\m°q. AXmWt√m Hcp cmjvSØns‚
arX]mbamb sslµ-hZ-¿-i-
\-ßsf Xs‚ DPzeamb ]-
`mj-W]mShw sIm≠v ]p-\-
cp-÷ohn∏n°pIbpw Hcp
thf ctWm’pI lnµpXz-
Øn-\v awKf]Xw \¬IpI-
b-pw sNbvX kzman hnthIm-
\-µs\, k¿haXk-Xyhm-Z-
Øn-s‚ h‡mhmbn Ah-
Xcn-∏n°p∂Xnse cm„obw
Xncn®dntb≠Xp≠v.
2013 tabv 13
Nn¥IfpsSbpw BiIfpsSbpw Dd∏p≈
Hc-Sbmfw. Ign™ \m\qdp h¿jambn
_wKmfnkmlnXyhpw Ic®nepw ]ngn-®n-
e-pw tXßepw Xs∂bmWv. AXv GsX-
¶n-epw XcØnep≈ Hcp IhnXbv°v b-
Ym-¿-YØn¬ hockz`mhw izkn°p∂ I-
hn-Xbv°v, P∑w \¬Ip∂Xn¬ ]cmPb-
s∏- ncn°p∂p''(15)
AØcw hnem]Imhyßfn¬ \n∂v
am-dn hockz`mhØnte°v BfpIƒ F-
Øn-btXmsS aXØns‚bpw tZiob-X-bp-
sS-bpw Imºnte°Sp°m≥ iXp°ƒ°v
IgnbmsXbmbn F∂v A`nam\w sIm-≈p-
∂p-ap≠v kzmanPn.
""hmfpw A·nbpambn h∂ _¿-∫-c-
∑m-¿, _¿∫c aX߃ sIm≠ph∂ _¿-
∫-c∑m¿, Ahcnsemcmƒ°pw Imºv sXm-
Sm-\mbn√ "apSnaIpScXv\w' sXmSm\m-bn-
√, h¿KØns‚ Bflmhv IpSn]m¿Ø
"]-£n'sb sIm√m\mbn√. AXpsIm≠v
C-XmWv B h¿KØns‚ hocyw, AXv
\-ne-\n¬°p∂nStØmfw Imew Cu h-
¿-KsØ sIm√m≥ kqcy\p Xmsg Hcp
i-‡nbpan√.''(16)
Npcp°Øn¬, F√m aXßfpw ic-n-
sb-t∂m Bscbpw hna¿in-t°-≠-Xn-s√-
t∂m hna¿i\ap‡ kmlNcyØneqsS
amXta kmtlmZcyØne[njvTnXamb
cm-jvSk¶¬]w Icp∏nSn∏n°m≥ km[n-
°q Ft∂m hnthImµ≥ hmZn®n´n√,
adn®v Xs‚ \ne]mSpXdIfn¬ Dd®v \n-
∂v CXc Z¿i\ßsf t\m°n-°-m-Wp-∂-
Xn-eqsS amXta auenIamb BZ-¿iØn-
te-°v aSßm≥ Ignbq F∂Xmbncp∂p
A-t±lØns‚ aXw. Cusbmcp \bw X-
s∂-bmWv At±lw a‰p aXßsf hna¿-
in-°p∂ ImcyØnepw kzoIcn®ncp∂Xv.
Hcp Iøn¬ hmfpw adpIøn¬ "sImdm-
\p-'ambn Ckvemw
Ckvemsa∂m¬ kmtlm-ZcyØn-s‚
b-pw klh¿ØnXzØns‚bpw ]q¿-Øo-
I-cWamsW∂pw aplΩZv \_n k-a-
Xz-Øns‚ ktµihm-lIs\∂pamWv F-
∂Xn¬ XpSßn AXn¬ Xs∂ A-h-km-
\n-°p∂XmWv hnthImµs‚ ImgvN∏mSv
F-∂XmWv `qcn]£w Nn¥IcpsSbpw
apkvenw _p≤nPohnIfpsSbpw hniz-m-k-w.
hnthIm\µs‚ ]e IrXnIfnepw CtXm
C-Xnt\mSv kam\amb hmNI߃ sIm-
t≠m Ckvemapw A¥y]hmNI\pw ]-
iw-kn°s∏´n´p≠v. F∂m¬ C¥y-bn-te-
°v IpSntbdn h∂ Hcp sshtZinI aXsa∂ \n-
e--bv°v Ckvemant\mSv FXamXw klnjvWpX
]pe¿tØ≠Xp≠v F∂v hnthIm\µ≥ Ir-Xyam-
bn \n¿hNn®psh®ncp∂p F∂v thWw a\ n-
em-°m≥
aplΩZv \_nsb hmt\mfw ]pIgvØn sIm-
≠p-≈ At±lØns‚ \nch[n D≤cWnIƒ
ImWmw. F∂m¬ ]q¿h˛]c mK߃ hmbn®m¬
CXnse Hfnbºv t_m[ys∏SpIbpw sNøpw. Xn-
I-®pw `uXnIamb ImgvN∏mSneqsS amXamWv
A-t±lw aplΩZv \_nsb alXzh-¬-I-cn-®n-
cp-∂sX∂v AØcw D≤cWnIƒ hmbn®m¬ a\-
n-em°m≥ km[n°pw.
""K_nb¬ amemJ Hcp Znhkw Kplbn¬
sh-®v Xs‚ ASptØ°v hcnIbpw lc°v F∂
Hcp kz¿KobmizØnt∑¬ CcpØn Xs∂ kz-¿-
K-Ønte°v sIm≠pt]mhpIbpw sNbvXp; A-
ß-s\ Xm≥ kz¿Kw kµ¿in®p, F∂v aplΩZv
A-h-Imis∏´p ]£, Aß\sbm-s°bms-W-¶n-
epw aplΩZv Nne H∂m¥cw kXy߃ A‘-
hn-izmkßfpambn Iq´n°pg®v AhXcn∏n-®n-cn-
°p-∂Xmbn \n߃°v a\ nem°mw. A-sX-ß-
s\ hniZoIcn°pw? B a\pjy≥ Xo¿®bm-bpw
]-tNmZnX\mbncp∂p. ]£, B ]tNmZ\-Øn-
\p-ta¬ Abmƒ AdnbmsX X´nXS™XmWv. A-
bm-ƒ ]cnioe\w e`n® tbmKnbmbncp∂n√. Xm≥
sNøp∂ ]h¿ØnbpsS ImcW߃ Abmƒ a-
\- nem°nbncp∂pan√. aplΩZv temIØn\v sN-
bvX \∑sb Ipdn®v BtemNn®p t\m°q. A-
bm-fpsS aXauenIhmZw sIm≠v Abmƒ sNbvXp
sh® henb Xn∑sb Ipdn®pw BtemNn®p t\-m-
°q!''(17)
1900 am¿®v 25\v km≥^m≥knkvtImbn¬ sh-
®v aplΩZv \_nbpsS hnhmlsØ Ipdn®v
hn-thIm\µ≥ \SØnb ]kwKØn¬ ]-dbp∂p:
hrµmh\Øn¬ thWphqXn
tKm]nIamcpsamØv cmk-eo-
e-Ifn¬ G¿s∏´ Irjv-W-
k-¶¬]sØ XakvIcn®v
a-lm`mcXØn¬ knwl\m-Z-
ap-b¿Øn KoXmK¿P\w \S-
Øn-b IrjvWs\ ]n¥p-Sc
W-sa∂mWv hnthIm-\µ-s‚
A-[ym]\w. adn®p≈ t]-
a˛`‡n ]NcWw aqew cm-
jv-Ssam∂msI kvssX-W-
am-bncn°p∂p F∂t±lw
Bt£]n°p∂p.
2013 tabv 14
""bphmhmbncns° aplΩZv aXsØ-
]-‰n i≤mephmbncp∂psh∂v (tXm∂p-
∂n-√). \√ Hcp bphmhv, kp`K-≥. kº-
∂-bmb Hcp hn[hbp≠mbncp∂p. Cu
bp-hm-hnt\mSv Ahƒ°v t]aambn. A-
h-¿ hnhmlnXcmbn. aplΩZv temIØn-
s‚ hensbmcp mKØns‚ NIh¿-Øn-
bm-bt∏mƒ tdma, t]¿jy kmamPy߃
A-bmfpsS Im¬Iognembn. Abmƒ°v
\n-ch[n `mcyamcp≠mbn. Hcp Znhkw
A-bmƒ°v GXv mcysbbmWv IqSpX¬
C-jvSw F∂ tNmZyapb¿∂t∏mƒ Abm-
ƒ Xs‚ BZy`mcysb Nq≠n°mWn®p.
Im-cWw AhfmWv BZyw (F∂n¬) hn-
iz-kn®Xv.''(18)
CXp ]d™Xn\p tijw At±lw
FØnt®cp∂ \nKa\w Cßns\bmWv:
""a-lm∑m¿°v Ccp\qdv mcyamcmImw. A-
h-cpsS kz`mh khntijXIƒ \nKq-
U-amWv. AhcpsS ta¬ \mw hn[n I-¬-
]n-®p IqSm.''(19)
\_n s]mSnbn¬ InS∂p Dcp≠p-
sh-∂pw ITn\thZ\ sIm≠v ]pf™p-
sh-∂p-sams°bp≈ ]cma¿i߃
s]mXpsh A]kvamctcmKn-Iƒ°p-≠m-
Ip-∂ AhÿIfmWv F∂v(20) bp‡n-hm-
Zo hna¿iI¿ ]dbp∂Xv t]mse ]dbm≥
hsc Hcpthf At±lw [rjvS\mbn.
aplΩZv \_nsb hmt\mfw ]pI-
gv-ØpIbpw At±lØns‚ uXnIKp-W-
ß-sf ]iwkn°pIbpw AtXkabw
At±lØn\v e`n® ssZhnIt_m[-\-
sØ ka¿Yambn \ntj[n°pIbpamWv
hn-thIm\µ≥ sNøp∂Xv. CXc aXZ¿-
i-\ßsfbpw AXns‚ ]NmcIscbpw
\n¿tem`amb A]Zm\߃ sIm≠v aqSp-
I-bpw AtXmsSm∏w Ah¿ ]t_m[\w
sN-bvX BZ¿isØ hnebnSn®p ImWn-
°m-≥ hcnIƒ°pw hmNIß-ƒ°p-an-S-bn-
eq-sS kabw Is≠ØpIbpw sNøp-∂-
Xm-Wv At±lØns‚ ssien. aplΩZv
\_nsb ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂Xn¬ Cu
C-c´Øm∏v \mw Z¿in®p. At±lØn-eq-
sS ]q¿ØoIcn® ]cnip≤ Ckvemans\
]-‰n ]dbptºmgp≈ At±lØns‚ co-
Xn IqSn t\m°pI.
""ssZhw ssZhamIp∂p. AXn¬ X-
Øz-tam k¶o¿Wtam ss\XnI-kwln-X-
tbm H∂pan√. RßfpsS ssZhw GI-
am-Wv, c≠masXm∂n√, aplΩZv ]hmN-
I-≥' aplΩZv ----a°m sXcphpIfn¬ ]-Nm--
cWw XpSßn. Ah¿ At±lsØ th´bmSn. A-
t±-lw (aZo\) \KcØnte°v ]emb\w sNbvXp.
A-t±lw t]mcmSn XpSßn. Aßs\ B h¿Kw
ap-gp-h≥ GIoIrXambn. ]`phns‚ \maØn¬
(ap-lΩZ\nkw) temIØnemsI ]S¿∂p. AXn-
s‚ -IogS°¬ i‡n A]mcamWv''(21)
A\pIqent®m ]XnIqent®m F∂v hy-‡-
am-ImØ CØcw ]cma¿ißfneqsS amXa√,
i‡amb mjbn¬ Xs∂ Ckvemans\bpw ap-
kv-enwIsfbpw At±lw hna¿in°p∂p≠v.
""C\n aplΩZob¿ C°mcyØn¬ G‰hpw A-
kw-kvIrXNnØcpw G‰ha[nIw hn`mKob ]h-
W-Xbp≈hcpamWv. AhcpsS apZmhmIyw, "H-
scm-‰ ssZhta D≈p aplΩZmWv Ahs‚ ]-hm-
N-I≥' F∂mWv. AXn\∏pdw F√mw NoØ-bm-
sW-∂p amXa√, DSs\ \in∏n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-am-
Wv. Hcp \nanjØns‚ ap∂dnbn∏n¬ Cu B-
cm-[\mIaw A\pkcn°mØ kIe kvXo-I-
sf-bpw ]pcpj∑mscbpw D∑qe\w sNøWw; as‰-
s¥-¶nepw ]Tn∏n°p∂ GXp KŸhpw Np´p-I-
cn-°Ww. im¥kapZw apX¬ A‰vem‚nIv k-ap-
Z-w hscbp≈ CSßfn¬ temIamsI A™q-
tdm-fw h¿j߃ tNmcsbmgpIn. AXmWv apl-
Ω-Z\nkw.''(22)
Ckvemans‚ D∑qe\ kn≤m¥Øn\v Xm-
Øzn-I ASnØd \¬Ip∂ Izp¿B\mWv F∂m-
Wv hnthIm\µ≥ ]dbp∂Xv. CXn\v sXfnhmbn
A-t±lw D≤cn°p∂XmIs´ bmsXmcp XØz-Zo-
£-bpw KpWImw£bpan√mØ Xoh Ckvemw
hn-a¿iIcpsS ap≥hn[nIfpw!
""sImdm\n¬ hy‡ambn FgpXs∏´ncn°p∂p,
A-hnizmknIsf, Ah¿ aplΩZobcmsW¶n¬
t]m-epw, sIm√pI.' Ahsc A·n°pw hmfn\pw C-
c-bm°Ww. Hcp aplΩZt\mSv CXv sX‰mWv F-
∂v \mw ]d™m¬ Ah≥ kzm`mhnIambpw tNm-
-Zn°pw: "\n߃°Xv Fßs\ Adnbmw? F-s‚
KŸw ]dbp∂Xv AXv \√XmWv F-∂m-W-v.''(23)
F√m aXßfpw icnsb-t∂m
Bscbpw hna¿int°-≠Xn-
s√-t∂m hna¿i\ap‡ km-
l-NcyØneqsS amXta km-
tlm-ZcyØne-[n-jvTn-X-am-b
cmjvSk¶¬]w Icp∏nSn-
∏n-°m≥ km[n°q Ft∂m
hnthImµ≥ hmZn®n´n√, a-dn-
®v Xs‚ \ne]mSpXdIfn¬
D-d®v \n∂v CXc Z¿ -- i\-ß-
sf t\m°n°mWp∂Xn-eq-
sS amXta auenIamb B-
Z-¿iØnte°v aSßm≥ Ign-
bq F∂Xmbncp∂p A-t±-
l-Øns‚ aXw.
2013 tabv 15
Ckvemw hna¿iI¿ CXn\v sXfnhm-
bp-≤cn°mdp≈ kqd: A≥^mense Ip-
d-™ hN\߃ hmbn®m¬ t]mepw a-
\- nem°mhp∂ CXns‚ Bibhpw ]m-
tbmKnIXbpw sX√p w Ku\n°msX C-
kv-emw hncp≤ cN\Isf amXw B[m-c-am-
°nbmWv CØcsamcp ]cma¿iw hn-th-
Im\µ≥ \SØnbsX∂v a\ n-em-hp-w.
Ckvemw Gsd "kzbw _≤am-sW-
∂-p-w'(24) AXns‚ ]Stbm´w "Hcp Iøn¬
hm-fpw adpIøn¬ sImdm\pw ]nSn®m-sW-
∂p-w'(25) hnthIm\µ≥ hnizkn°pIbpw
Xp-d∂p]dbpIbpw sNbvXp.
""Atd_ybnse ]hmNI≥ ÿm-]n-
® aXtØmfw Cu ssZzXØn¬ ]nSn-®p-
Xq-ßn\n∂ as‰mcp aXhpw D≠mbn´n√.
C-Xb[nIw tNmc Nn¥pIbpw a\pjy-
t\m-Sv CXb[nIw IqcX Im´pIbpw sN-
bv-X as‰mcp aXhpw D≠mbn´n√. Cu D-
]-t-Zi߃ hnizkn°mØhs\ sIm-√-
Wsa∂v sImdm≥ DZvt_m[n∏n°p∂p;
Ahs\ sIm√p∂Xv Hcp Imcp-Wy-]-h-
¿ØnbmsW∂v! kpµcnamcmb lqdnamcpw
a‰v sFµnbmkzmZ\ßfpw D≈ kz¿-K-
Øn-¬ FØm\p≈ Ffp∏hgn Cu Ahn-
izm-knIsf sIm√emWv. CØcw hnizm-
k-ßfpsS eambn D≠mb c‡s®m-cn-
®nens\ Ipdn®v BtemNn®p t\m-°q!.''(26)
aXßtfmSp≈ "aplΩZob'cpsS Cu
c‡]¶ne ]Xntcm[Øn¬ tIµ-ÿm-
\-Øv \n¿ØnbXv lnµpaXambncp∂p
F-∂mWv At±lw hnebncpØp∂Xv. A-
Xn-\v ][m\ ImcWw Ah¿ Im^nd-p-I-
fpw hnKlmcm[Icpambncp∂p F∂pw
C-u ]Xntema Nn¥I≥ `mcXØns‚
]p-tcmKXnsb XS™p \n¿Øn F∂pw
A-t±lw hnizkn®p.
""lnµp°ƒ Ah¿°v shdp-°-s∏-tS-
≠ Im^ndpIfpw hnKlmcm[-Icpam-bn-
cp-∂p. Ah¿ Iim∏p sNøs∏SWw. A-
h-cp-sS tIm[w ]tXyIn®v ]ptcmlnX
PmXn°mtcmSmbncp∂p. ImcWw A-h-cm-
Wv Im^ndpIfpsS Bflob Kpcp°∑m¿.
H-cp apkvenw `cWm[nImcn AXn-`-‡-
\m-sW¶n¬, BXy¥nI^ew "Im^n-dp-
I-sf Iim∏p sNøp∂ Hcp alZv-b-⁄'-
am-bncn°pw. apkvenw `cWImeØv C-
¥y--bpsS ]ptcmKXn \ne®p. ]ptcmK-Xn-
bpsS tNmZyta DZn®ncp∂n√. ImcWw,
ln-µp°fpsS Du¿Pw apgph≥ Bflc-
£-bnte°v Xncn™ncp∂p.''(27)
Cu XSbs∏´ ]ptcmKXnsb XncnsI sIm-
≠p-hcm\mWv hSt° C¥ybn¬ cq]w sIm≠
-‡n]ÿm\sa∂pw lnµp_lpP\ßsf Ckv-
em-ante°v aX]cnh¿Ø\w sNøp∂Xv XSbm-
\m-bn cq]w sIm≠ CØcw kwLS\Ifn¬ X-
ß-fpsS Du¿Pw sNehgn®Xp sIm≠mWv cmam-
\-µ≥, I_o¿, ZmZp, ssNX\y, \m\mIv XpSßn-
b-h¿°v lnµpaXØn\v ]pXnb BiIƒ°pw
B-ib߃°pw P∑w \¬Im≥ Ignbm-Xn-cp-∂-
Xv(-26) F∂pamWv hnthIm\µs‚ Is≠ج
Npcp°Øn¬, AssZzXthZm¥nbpw ]cn-jv-
I-¿Ømhpsa∂ \nebn¬ kzman hnthIm\µ\v
Ckvemans‚ B¥cnI\∑sb Ipdn®v Gsd ]-
d-bm-\p≠mbncps∂¶nepw k¿h aXßfpsSbpw
amXmhmbn Xm≥ hnizkn°p∂ lnµpaXØns‚
]t_m[\ ]NmcW߃°v th≠n a‰p a-X-
ß-sf \ninXambn hna¿in°m≥ bmsXmcp ssh-
a-\kyhpap≠mbncp∂n√; AXn¬ ]eXpw ip≤
A-kw_‘amsW¶n¬ t]mepw!
"Al'Øn¬ A≈n∏nSn® InkvXpaXw
"k¿h aXßfpsSbpw Kpcpÿm\n'bmb ssl-
µh aXØns‚ ho£WtImWneqsS t\m-°n-
bm¬ Ckvemant\°mƒ Ipd®v IqSn t`Zs∏´
in-jy\mWv InkvXpaXw F∂mbncp∂p hnthIm-
\-µs‚ ImgvN∏mSv.
tbiphns\ Hcp ip≤mflmhpw ip≤amb In-
kv-X-paXsØ thZm¥Øns‚ ]I¿∏pambn(28) I-
≠ At±lw C¥ybnse InkvXy≥ ]mXncnam¿
tb-iphns‚ Z¿i\Øn¬ sh≈w tN¿Øpsh∂v
Xpd∂p]d™p. F∂m¬ AkwkvIrXamb B-
i-b߃ XncpIn°b‰pI hgn Atd_ybnse
]-hmNIs‚ aXtØ°mƒ H´pw sa®-s∏- X-√m-
Xm-IpIbmWv(29) AXv sNbvXXv F∂mWv hnth-
Im-\µ≥ Is≠ØnbXv.
`uXnItemIsØ PohnXhnPbØn\mbn
ssI-kvXh k`mta[mhnIƒ thZKŸßsf∂v
Ckvemsa∂m¬ kmtlm-Z-cy-
Øns‚bpw klh¿-Øn-Xz-
Øns‚bpw ]q¿ØoIc-W-
am-sW∂pw aplΩZv \_nkaXz-Øns‚ ktµihm-l-
I-s\∂pamWv F∂Xn¬ Xp-
S-ßn AXn¬ Xs∂ A-h-
km-\n°p∂XmWv hnthIm-
µ-s‚ ImgvN∏mSv F∂XmWv
`qcn]£w Nn¥IcpsSbpw
apkvenw _p≤nPo-hn-I-fp-sS-
bp-w hnizmkw.
2013 tabv 16
hn-izkn°p∂ XßfpsS ]amWßfn¬
]-c-am-h-[n hn´phogvN sNbvXp F-∂-t-±-
l-w Btcm]n°p∂p. Alw F∂ Nn¥
]-msS Dt]£n®p sIm≠v sF-ln-I-]-]-
©-Øn\∏pdap≈ temIsØ Ipdn®p≈
kz-]v\ßfmbncp∂p tbiphns‚ DZvt_m-
[-\߃ apgph≥. AXns‚ mKambn X-
ß-fpsS temIØpw ssZh`cWw ]p-e-
cp-sa∂mbncp∂p tbiphns‚ hnizmkw.
F-∂m¬ hnizmknIƒ Cu Nn¥bn¬ \n-
∂-v _lpZqcw ]n∂m°w t]mbn. X¬-
ÿm-\Øv XßfpsS C—Iƒ°v AanX-
]m-[m\yw \¬IpIbpw sNbvXp. ""AXv
A]cnjvIrXambncp∂p. A\¬]amb
AlØn\p th≠nbp≈ ]m®n¬. "Rm-
≥' F∂Xn¬ ISn®pXqßn InS°¬. Cu
Po-hnXØn¬ amXa√, acWm\¥chpw
Xp-Scp∂ A≈n∏nSpØw.''(30) F∂m-bn-cp-
∂p hnthIm\µ≥ CXns\ Ipdn®p ]d-
™-Xv.
InkvXym\nkw ssZht]m‡ krjv-
Sn-bmsW∂pw kao]`mhnbn¬ temIØv
ssZhØns‚ `cWw ]pecpsa∂pw ]-d-
™-Xn¬ hnizkn®mWv AXnte°v B-
fp-Iƒ BI¿jn°s∏´Xv F∂Xm-bncp-
∂p hnthIm\µs‚ \nco£Ww. Ko-kn-
se-bpw tdmansebpw ASnaIfmbncp∂p
B-ZyImeØv tbiphn¬ hnizkn-®n-cp-
∂Xv. AtXt]mse C¥ybn¬ Gsdbpw
Xm-gv∂ PmXn°mcmWv InkvXpaXØn¬
hnizkn°m≥ k∂≤cmbXv. ""tbip-hn-
s‚ A[ym]\߃ apgph≥ Ai-c-W-
tc-bpw Bew_lo\scbpw D]Po-hn-®m-
bn-cp∂p sI´n∏SpØXv. F∂m¬ Cu co-
Xn-sb ]msS AhKWn®v `mcXØnse
In-kvXym\nIƒ BUw_cØnepw tkz-
—m-]aØXbnepw A`ncan°m\mWv C-
jv-Ss∏´Xv. AXvsIm≠v Xs∂ ]uc-kv-
Xy-aXsa∂ \ne°v tbiphns\ Bcm-
[n--°m\p≈ Htcsbmcp hgn At±lsØ
Cu-izc\mbn ]qPn°¬ amXamWv, as‰m-
∂p-a√.''(31) At±lw \nco£n®p.
aqlΩZv \_nsb ]Xnÿm\Øv
\n¿Øn Ckvemans\ hna¿in°p∂Xp
t]m-sebmbncp∂n√ hnthIm\µs‚
ssI-kvXh hna¿i\coXn. adn®v tb-ip-
hn-s\ ]camh[n kwc£n®p sIm≠pw
ssI-kvXhZ¿i\sØ hna¿in®p sIm-
≠pw tbiphns‚ ]n≥KmanIsf IW-°n-
\v ’n®p sIm≠pambncp∂p AXv \n¿-
h-ln°s∏´Xv.
\mkvXnIcmb _p≤∑m¿
a‰paXßtfmsS∂ t]mse tbmPn°mhp∂
taJesb ]camh[n ]pIgvØnbpw hntbmPn∏v
i-‡ambn ]ISn∏n®pamWv _p≤aXtØbpw hn-
th-Im\µ≥ t\cn´Xv. "XmfntbmeIfn¬ A¥n-
bp-d-ßnbncp∂ aXsØ ]mtbmKnI XeØn-te-
°v sIm≠ph∂ [oc\mbn´mWv'(32) BZyØn¬
A-t±lw _p≤s\ ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂Xv. P\-
ß-ƒ°v \¬Im\mbn knwlmk\w t\SnsbSpØ
tPm-¿-Pv hmjnwKvSWmbmWv(33) HcnSØt±lw _p-
≤-s\ NnXoIcn°p∂Xv.
1893 sk]vXw_¿ 20\v \S∂ aX]m¿e-sa‚n-
em-Wv At±lw Xs‚ _p≤\ne]mSv hy‡ambn
A-hXcn∏n°p∂Xv. _p≤≥ bmsXm∂pw ]pXpXm-
bn DZvt_m[n∏n®n´n√(34) adn®v InkvXphns\ t]m-
se _p≤\pw \ndth‰m\mWv h∂Xv; \in∏n-
°m-\√. \ndth‰p∂XmIs´ icnbmb lnµpaX
k-Xyßfpw. AXmbXv lnµpaXØns‚ bp‡n-
k-lamb Xo¿∏pIƒ bYmhn[n \ndth‰m\mWv
_p-≤≥ ian®Xv. AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ Hcn°epw
ln-µpaXØn\v _p≤aXsØ IqSmsX Pohn-°m-
≥ Ignbn√.
""lnµpaXØn\v _p≤nksØ IqSmsX Po-
hn-°m≥ Ignbn√; _p≤nkØn\v lnµpaXsØ
IqSmsXbpw. AhbpsS th¿]mSv F¥mWv \ap-
°v Im´nØcp∂sX∂v a\ nem°pI, _p≤n-Ãp-
I-ƒ°v _m“WcpsS akvXnjvIhpw XØz-im-
kv-Xhpw IqSmsX \ne\n¬]n√. _m“W\v _p-
≤n-ÃpIfpsS lrZbw IqSmsXbpw. _p≤nÃpIfpw
_m“Wcpw XΩnep≈ th¿]mSmWv C¥ybpsS
]X\Øn\v ImcWw.''(35)
CXc aXZ¿i\ßsfbpw
A-Xns‚ ]NmcIscbpw
\n-¿tem`amb A]Zm\߃
sIm-≠v aqSpIbpw AtXm-
sSm-∏w Ah¿ ]t_m[\w
sN-bvX BZ¿isØ hnebn-
Sn-®p ImWn°m≥ hcn-I-ƒ-
°pw hmNIß-ƒ°pan-Sbn-
eq-sS kabw Is≠Øp-I-
bpw sNøp∂XmWv hnth-Im-
\-µs‚ ssien.
2013 tabv 17
_p≤aXØns‚ kzX¥m-kv-Xn-Iy-
sØ A\phZn®v sImSp°m≥ hnth-Im\-
µ-≥ BZyImeßfnsem∂pw Xømdmbncp-
-∂n√. F∂m¬ AXns‚ CuizcNn-¥-
bpw ssZhhnizmkØnse AÿncXbpw
th-dn´p ]Tn°m≥ a‰p≈h¿ Xømdm-b-
t∏m-ƒ hnthIm\µ≥ Xs‚ \ne]mSn¬
A-bhp hcpØn. XpS¿∂v sshZ-n-I-a-X-
Øn-s‚ BNmcm\pjvTm\ßfnepw Pm-
Xob-Xbnepw a\waSpØmWv KuXa-_p-
≤-≥ Aßns\sbmcp Z¿i\w ]SpØp-
b-¿ØnbXv F∂t±lw hniZoIcn®p.
""Xs‚ ImesØ A¥an√mØ B-
[n-`uXnIXm N¿®Ifnepw \o≠ A\p-
j-vTm\ßfnepw PmXnhyhÿbnepw a\w-
a-SpØ KuXas\∂ Hcp alm\mWv A-
Xv ÿm]n®Xv. \msa√mw Hcp ]tXyI
A-hÿbnte°v P\n®p hogp∂p. AXn-
\m-¬ Aßs\ P\n°mØhsc°mƒ D-
Xv-IrjvScmWv X߃ F∂v Nne¿ Icp-
Xp-∂p. At±lw A°meØv AXni-‡-
am-bncp∂ ]utcmlnXyØn\v FXncm-bn-
cp-∂p. tNmZIi‡nbn√mØ B[n`u-
Xn-IX, Cuizcs\°pdn®p≈ kn≤m-¥-
ß-ƒ F∂nhbpsS ImcyØn¬ \mkv-Xn-
I-amb Hcp aXamWv At±lw ]Ncn-∏n-
®-Xv. Cuizc\pt≠m F∂v At±-l-tØm-
Sv ]eh´w tNmZn°s∏´p. X\n°dnbn√
F-∂t±lw adp]Sn ]d™p. icnbmb
s]-cpam‰sØ°pdn®v At±ltØmSv tNm-
Zn-®m¬ At±lw ]dbpw: \∑ sNøpI,
\-√h\mbncn°pI.''(36)
]t£ Cu cwKØv _p≤\v ]q-¿-W-
am-bpw sX‰p]‰nsb∂v At±lw hniz-kn-
-®p. ""_p≤≥ PmXnsb Hcp aX-ÿm-]-\-
am-bn I≠v AXns\ \in∏n°m≥ i-an-
®p. AXv sX‰mbncp∂p. _p≤nkw £-
Xn-bcpw _m“Wcpw XΩn¬ ]mNo-\-
Im-ew apX¬ \ne\n∂pt]m∂ k¥pen-
Xm-hÿsb XInSw adn®p. Atßb‰w
E-WmflIamb Hcp hnKl`RvPIXzw
A-hXcn∏n®Xnepw _p≤\v sX‰p]‰n.
A-Xv ]n∂oSv i¶c\pw am[z\pw cmam-\-p-
P-\pamWv XncpØnbXv.''(37)
"kwkvIrX]T\Øn\pw ]NcW-Øn-
\pw ]Icw P\]nb mjIƒ D]tbmKn-
®-Xv Cu sX‰pIƒ°v B°w Iq´-nsb-
∂pw'(38) "sIm√mXncn°¬ ]caamb Hcp
\-∑bmsW∂v ]Nn∏n°pI hgn _p≤-
a-Xw C¥ybv°v \miw hcpØn-sh-®p'-(39)-
sh-∂pamWv hnthIm\µ≥ ]n∂o-sS-Øn-
t®-¿∂ \nKa\w.
Cuizcs\ Ipdn®p≈ hnizmkØnemWv Ku-
X-a_p≤≥ Gsd ]ng®p t]mbsX∂pw AXmI-
s´ Hcn°epw Hcp lnµp kln°pIbns√∂pw
hy-‡am°nb hnthIm\µ≥, _p≤Z-¿i-\-ß-fp-
am-bp≈ hntbmPn∏ns‚ \mcmbthcv Is≠Øp-
∂-Xv Cu hnizmkcwKØmWv.
""lnµp°ƒ°v AhcpsS Cuizcs\ HgnsI
as‰√m‰ns\bpw XyPn°mw. Cuizcs\ \nt-j-
[n-°pI F∂m¬ ‡nbpsS Im¬°ognse aÆp-
X-s∂ CSn®pIfbp∂Xn\v XpeyamWv. ‡n-sb-
bpw Cuizcs\bpw lnµp°ƒ hnSmsX ]nSn-°-
W-w. Ah¿°v Ahsb Dt]£n°m≥ Hcn°epw
I-gnbn√.''(40)
F∂m¬ Cu cwKØv hsc _p≤≥ sslµh-
Z-¿-i\ßsf AhaXn®v kzbw Z¿i\-ß-fp-≠-m-
°n-sb∂pw AXp sIm≠v Xs∂ ip≤ \ncoizc-
hm-Zn-bmWv _p≤s\∂pw kzman hy‡-am-°p-∂p-
≠v.
""_p≤≥ Cuizcs\ kw_‘n®v XnI®pw
\m-kv-XnI\mWv, ]t£, \ΩpsS aXØn¬ F√m-
bn--SØpw Cuizc\ps≠∂mWv ]Ncn∏n°-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xv. thZ߃ Cuizcs\ Ipdn®v˛hy‡n
ssZhsØ°pdn®pw \n¿hy‡n ssZh-sØ-°p-dn-
®p-w˛]Tn∏n°p∂p. KoXbn¬ apgph≥ Cuiz-c-
s\-°pdn®v ]Tn°p∂p≠v. lnµpaXw Cu-iz-c-\-
√-msX H∂pa√. thZ߃ Ah\n√msX H∂pa√.
AXpamXamWv tam£Øn\p≈ hgn. k∂ym-
kn-am¿ C\n Rm≥ ]dbp∂Xv Bh¿-Øn-®p-d-∏n-
°-Ww. Rm≥ ap‡n Imw£n®p sIm≠v temI-
k-jvSmhmb, izmkwhgn thZ߃ ]pdØphn´,
Cu-izc\n¬ A`bw ]m]n°p∂p.''(41)
Npcp°Øn¬, lnµpaXsØ \ho-Icn-°p-∂-
Xn-¬ it≤bamb ]¶phln®psh∂v hnizkn-
°p-∂tXmsSm∏w hnizmknIsf apgph≥ \ncoizc-
hm-ZØnte°pw A\mhiy N¿®Ifnte°pw B-
Ckvemans‚ D∑qe\ kn-
≤m-¥Øn\v XmØznI ASn-
Ø-d \¬Ip∂Xv Izp¿B-\m-
Wv F∂mWv hnthIm\µ≥
a-\ nem°nbXv. CXn\v sX-
fn-hmbn At±lw D≤cn-°p-
∂-XmIs´ bmsXmcp XØz-
Zo£bpw KpWImw-£bp-an-
√m-Ø Xoh Ckvemw hn-a-¿-
i-IcpsS ap≥hn-[n-Ifpw!
2013 tabv 18
]--Xn∏n°m≥ _p≤aXw ImcWambn F-
∂m-Wv hnthIm\µ≥ Btcm]n°p∂Xv.
AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ _p≤aXØns‚ Cu
B¥cnI\yq\XIƒ Hcp kaql-sØ-bm-
I-am\w aqeyclnX hyhÿbnte°v Iq-
∏p-IpØn°m≥ CSbm°nsb∂mWv A-t±-
lw ISpØ`mjbn¬ Bt£]-n-°p-∂-Xv.
""Aßs\ arKßtfmSv ImcpWyw Im-
Wn-°Wsa∂v DZvt_m[n-∏n-®psh¶nepw,
DZmØamb ss\XnI aXambn-cp-s∂-¶n-
epw, \nXymflmhv Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw
X-e-\mcng Iodn N¿® sNbvsX¶nepw _p-
≤n-kØns‚ kvXq]ßfmsI XI¿-∂p-
Xcn∏Wambn. B XI¿® _o`’-am-bn-
cp-∂p. _p≤nksØ-Øp-S-¿-∂v D≠mb
_o-`’X hnhcn°m≥ F\n°v kab-
tam Xm¬]cytam C√. G‰hpw _o`’-
am-b BtLmj߃, a\pjyl-kv-X-ß-
ƒ FgpXnb, a\pjyakvXnjvIw Bhn-
jv-Icn®, G‰hpw oIcamb, G‰hpw A-
«o-eamb ]pkvXI߃, aXØns‚ t]-
c-n--¬ hneknb G‰hpw arKobamb cq]-
ß-ƒ, Chsb√mw A[x]Xn® _p≤nk-
Øn-s‚ krjvSnIfmbncp∂p.''(42)
PmXnhyhÿ: kw rX kwkvImcØn-s‚
kq£n∏v!
`mcXØn¬ \ne\n∂ncp∂ Iqcamb
th¿Xncnhmbncp∂p PmXobX. ]c-k-v]-
cw sXm´pIqSmbvabpw Xo≠epaS°w \m-
ev h¿Kßfpw At\Iw D]h¿Kß-fpam-
bn Cu Akv]riyX kaqlsØbm-Iam-
\w sh´napdn®p. a\pkvarXnbneqsS tem-
Iw ihn® Cu Zpjn® kmaqlnI hyh-
ÿ-sb `mcXØnse H´pan° aX˛km-
aq-lnI˛cmjvSob˛kmwkvImcnI \mbI-
∑m-cpw FXn¿Øp t]m∂n´p≠v. CXn¬
G-‰hpw ][m\nbmbn hnebn-cp-Øm-dp-≈-
Xv kzman hnthIm\µs\bmWv.
PmXntIcfsØ t\m°n `m¥m-eb-
sa-∂v hntijn∏n®, "RßfpsS aXw A-
Sp-°fbnemWv, Cuizc≥ shbv-]p-I-e-
hpw' F∂v ]d™, hnthImµs‚ hm-°p-
Ifpw ]hrØnIfpw CØcw hmZKX-n-I-
ƒ-°v Dt]m¬_eIambn FSpØp≤-cn-
°m-dpap≠v. F∂m¬ a‰p≈hcn¬ \n∂pw
hyXykvXambn XnI®pw XmØznIamb
A-SnØdbn¬ \n∂psIm≠v PmXobX Xp-
S-cWsa∂pw ]cnjvIcn°Wsa∂pw A-
Xn-eqsS amXta mcXw tamNn∏n°s∏Sq
F∂pw hmZn®bmfmWv hnthIm\µ≥
F∂XmWv hmkvXhw.
C¥y ]pWy`qanbmsW∂pw "im¥-ln-µp'-hn-
t\m-Sv temIw ISs∏´ncn°p∂p F∂pw ]d™
A-t±lw kh¿°sd t]mse Xs‚ Bibw cq]-
h-¬°cn®Xv Bcy∑mcpƒs°m≈p∂ k\mX\
kwkvIrXnbn¬ ]SpØpb¿ØnbXmWv mcXw
F∂ BibØnemWv. a\phns‚ Z¿i\ßsf
s]m-fns®gpXpIb√, A√d Nn√d ]cnjvI-c-W-
ß-fneqsS cmjvSsØ kPmXobamb h¿K-Øn-
s‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ \n¿hln°Wsa∂v I-s≠-
Ø-nb At±lw ""C¥y apgph≥ BcyamWv as‰m-
∂p-a√''(43) F∂v ]dbm≥ ss[cyw ImWn®p. A-t±-
lsØ kw_‘n®nStØmfw C¥y≥ PmXn hy-
h-ÿ ""]`p a\pjy\v \¬Inb G‰hpw al-Øm-
-b kmaqlnIÿm]\ßfn¬ H∂m-bn-cp-∂p.''(44)
ip≤h¿Ksa∂ k¶¬]w bp‡nkla√ F-
∂-pw Ie¿∏n√mØXmbn H∂pap≠mIns√∂pw
]-d™ hnthIm\µ≥ Bcy∑m¿°v ]pXnsbmcp
s]m-Xph¿K ]›mØew Is≠-Øp-Ibm-bn-cp-
∂p. CXmIs´ c‡Ønt‚X√ mjbptSXmWv.
""Bcyi_vZw C¥ybnse "alZvh¿Kßfmb'
kw-kvIrXw kwkmcn°p∂ lnµp°sfbpw Xangv
kw-kmcn°p∂p lnµp°sfbpw Ipdn°p∂p F-
∂p-w At±lw ]d™p. AYhm Bcy˛ZmhnU
hn-`n∂X `mjbpsSXmWv, c‡Ønt‚X√ F-
∂v.''(45)
Cu th¿Xncnhv BXy¥nIambn C¥ysb
hn-ip≤oIcn°s∏´p F∂pw CXn¬ t\XrXzw
Pm-XobXbnse DXvIrjvScmb _m“W¿°mWv
F∂pw At±lw hnizkn®p.
aXßtfmSp≈ "aplΩ-Zo-b'-
cp-sS c‡]¶ne ]Xntcm-
[-Øn¬ tIµÿm\Øv \n-
∂-Xv lnµpaXambncp∂p
F-∂m-Wv hnthIm\µ≥ hn-
ebn-cpØp∂Xv. AXn\v ]-
[m-\ ImcWw Ah¿ Im^n-
dpIfpw hnKlmcm-[-I-cp-am-
bn-cp∂p F∂pw. Cu ]Xn-
tem-a Nn¥I¿ mcXØ-n-s‚
]ptcmKXnsb XS™p \n-
¿Øn F∂pw At±lw hn-iz-
kn®p.
2013 tabv 19
""AXv (PmXnhyhÿ) ssk\≤m¥n-
I-am-sb¶nepw C¥ysb apgph≥ k-º-
Øn-s‚tbm hmfns‚tbm A√, _p≤n-
bp-sS˛BflobXbn¬ hnip≤oIc-n-°-s∏-
´, \nb¥n°s∏´ _p≤nbpsS˛am¿§\n-
¿-t±iØn≥ Iogn¬ sIm≠ph∂p. C¥y-
bn-se PmXnIfn¬ t\Xrÿm\w Bcy-
∑m-cn¬ G‰hpw Db¿∂h¿°p X-s∂-˛-
_m-“W¿°v.''(46)
AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ "PmXobX, m-c-X-
Øn¬ A¤pX߃ krjvSn-®p-sh-∂pw'(47)
Hcp ]SnIqSn IS∂v "AXns‚ Nn¥m-iq-
\y-amb XnckvImcamWv C¥ybpsS ]X-
\-Øn\v ImcWsa∂v' IqSn hnth-Im-\-µ-
≥ ]d™psh®p.
""AXpsIm≠v cmPy°msc, F\n°v
\nßtfmSv ]dbm\p≈Xv CXm-Wv- -C-¥y-
sb XI¿ØXv \n߃ PmXnsb Xg-bp-
I-bpw C√mXm°pIbpw sNbvXXp sIm-
≠m-Wv. PmXn°v AXns‚ ÿm\w \-¬-
Ip-I, PmXn°p XS w \n¬°p∂ F-
√m-‰ns\bpw XI¿°pI; F¶n¬ \mw ho-
≠-pw Dbcpw.''(48)
Aßns\bp≈ B PmXn kºZmbw
\in∏n°p∂Xv IqcamsW∂pw adn®v Hcp
hn mKw CXccpsS ta¬ IpXncIbdp∂Xv
am-Xw i≤n®m¬ aXnsb∂pamWv A-t±-
l-Øns‚ \n¿tZiw.
""Aßs\ PmXn Hcp kz`mhnI-I-a-
am-Wv; PohnXw IaoIcn°m\p≈ Hcp
kz`mhnIam¿Kw. Hscm‰ ImcyØn-s\-Xn-
sc amXta \mw PmKX ]pe¿tØ-≠-
Xp-≈p˛khntijmhImiw F∂ B-i-
bØn-s\Xnsc. D∂XPmXn°m¿ Io-gv-Pm-
Xn-°mcpsS ta¬ IpXnc IbdcpXv. B-
[p-\nI C¥ybn¬ PmXn "Hcp kv^Sn-I-
h-XvIrX kmaqlyÿm]\ambn' amdn-°-
gn-™ncn°p∂p. AXv ]ptcmlnX h¿K-
Øn-s‚ IpSneXbpsS XShnemWv. P\-
ß-fpsS kmaqlyhy‡nXzw hf¿ØpI
F∂Xmbncp∂p PmXnbpsS bYm¿Y e-
£-yw. Ct∏mƒ AXv "C¥ybpsS A-¥-
co-£Øn¬ AXns‚ Zp¿K‘w \nd®-n-
cn-°p∂p.''(49)
]gb PmXnbXbnte°v XncnsI t]m-
hp-I amXamWv C¥y°m¿°v IcWo-b-
sa-∂pw, "C¥y°v apºmsIbp≈ ISa
ln-µp-P\Xsb \mev ][m\ PmXn-I-fm-
bn- _m“W¿, £Xnb¿, sshiy¿, iq-
Z-c¿˛]p\¿hn`Pn°pI'(50) F∂msW∂pw
At±lw Nq≠n°m´n. AXn¬ _m-“-W-
∑m-¿ Xs∂bmWv D∂Xh¿Kw F∂t±lw ÿn-
co-Icn®p.
""C¥ybnse am\hhwiØns‚ BZ¿iw
_m-“WXzw Xs∂, KoXmhymJym\Øns‚ Xp-
S-°Øn¬ Xs∂ i¶cmNmcmcy¿ apt∂m- p-sh-°p-
∂-Xp t]mse. CXn¬ At±lw _m“WXzw A-
Y-hm _m“WXv kwc£n°m≥ Hcp ]Nm-c-I-
s\-∂ \nebn¬ IrjvW≥ h∂Xns‚ Imc-W-
sØ-°pdn®v kwkmcn°p∂p≠t√m''(51)
_m“Wsc "bpKßfpsS kw`rX kw-kv-Im-
c-Øns‚ kq£n∏pImc≥'(52) F∂v hntijn∏n®
At±lØn\v B[p\nI _m“Wsc Ipdn®v Xo-
sc aXn∏n√mbncp∂p. "IenbpKØnse _m-“-
W-¿ cm£k∑m¿°v XpeycmsW∂'(53) A-t±-l-
Øn-s‚ hnhmZ ]cma¿isa√mw DSseSpØXv Cu
AhkcØnemWv.
IogvPmXn°m¿°v Dbcm≥ a\phn¬ \n∂v hn-
`n-∂ambn kwkvIrX`mj ]Tn°m≥ DZvt_m[\w
\¬In(54) F∂Xv amXamWv At±lw PmXo-b-X-
°-p \¬Inb KpW]camb D]tZiw. CXv ad-®p-
sh-®p F∂XmWv cmam\pP\pw ssNX\ybpw I-
_o-dpw _p≤\pw sNbvX sX‰v F∂pw At±lw
D-d®p hnizkn®p.
Npcp°Øn¬ k¿haXkXyhmZsØ k-Xy-
s∏-SpØp∂ Npcp°w Nne D≤cWnIƒ hnth-
Im-\µs‚ ]`mjWßfn¬ \n∂pw cN\Ifn¬
\n-∂pw Is≠Sp°msa¶nepw BXy¥nIambn A-
t±-lw lnµqbnkw GIkXyaXambpw C¥y ]p-
Wy`qanbmbpw Xs∂bmWv hnebncpØnbXv. B
`qXImeØn¬ \n∂v thdn´v ]pXnb kzXzw B-
hn-jvIcn°m≥ ian®XmWv `mcXØns‚ ap-gp-
h-≥ ZpcnX߃°pw ImcWw.(55) F∂v X-s∂-bm-
Wv At±lw F°meØpw hnizkn®Xv. AXn\v
lnµp_lpP\ßsf C-kv-
ema-nte°v aX]cnh¿Ø\w
sNøp∂Xv XSbm\mbn cq-
]w sIm≠ kwL-S-\-Ifn¬
XßfpsS Du¿Pw sNeh-gn-
®Xp sIm≠mWv cm-am\µ≥,
I_o¿, ZmZp, ssN-X\y, \m-
\mIv XpS-ßn-b-h-¿°v lnµp-
aXØn\v ]pXn-b BiIƒ-
°pw Bibß-ƒ-°pw P∑w
\¬Im≥ I-gn-bm-Xncp∂Xv
F-∂mWv hn-th-Im-\µs‚ I-
s≠-ج.
2013 tabv 20
hnLmXambXv ]pdØv\n∂p≈ i-‡n-
I-fmWv. AØcw "Ifna¨I´Iƒ'(56) sIm-
≠v ]SpØpb¿Ønb C¥y shdpw "Dcp-
f-≥I√pIƒ'°v(57) kam\amsb∂pw, CXp-
sI-m≠v Xs∂ mcXw "aÆn¬ Cgbp∂'
ap-∂qdv Zie£w aÆncIfmbn(58) amdn-
sb-∂pw At±lw ]cnX]n°p∂p. Cu
I-SpØ AhKW\aqew "Xp∂nb DSp-∏p-
I-ƒ [cn°m≥ t]mepw apkvenwIƒ' ]-
Tn-∏nt°≠ KXntISv C¥y-°m-¿-°p-≠m-
bn'(59) F∂pw hnthImµ≥ hne]n-°p-
∂p-≠v
Fs¥ms° \∑Iƒ e£yw sh-®m-
sW-¶nepw kz¥w aXØns‚bpw kz¥w
h¿-KØns‚bpw kz¥w kwkv-Im-c-Øn-
s‚-bpw D∂a\Øn\mbn ]cnian®, B
b-⁄Øn¬ CXcsc ISpØ mjbn¬
hn-a¿in®, Nne thfIfnse¶nepw Ak-
ln-jvWphmIpIbpw A]csc ’n-°p-
I-bpw sNbvX kzman hnthIm\µs\,
k-¿-haXkXyhmZnbpw aXmXoXamb am-
\-hnIXbv°v ian® \thm∞m-\\m-b-I-
\p-am°n Db¿Øn°m´m\p≈ ia߃
\oXoIcn°m≥ Ignbp∂X√; \t∂ Np-
cp-ßnbXv kzman hnthIm\µs‚ B-flm-
hn-s\¶nepw.
Ref:1. kzman hnthIm\µ≥: PohnXhpw
D]tZißfpw, kzman hnthI\µs‚ 150mwP∑ hm¿jnI ]kn≤oIcWw, cmaIrjvW
aTw & anj≥, t_eq¿ aTw t]Pv:111
2. Ibid:t]Pv 1003. The Hindu: 2013 April 104. The Complete works of Swami Vive-
kananda hmeyw 1, ]pdw 3, AssZzXmiaw,sIm¬°Ø (tPymXn¿ab i¿abpsS
lnµpXzw F∂ IrXnbn¬ \n∂pw FSpØptN¿ØXv)
5. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 249
6. Ibid: hmeyw 1, ]pdw 117
7. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 372
8. Ibid: hmeyw 1, ]pdw 3
9. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 132
10. Ibid: hmeyw 5, ]pdw 351
11. Ibid: hmeyw 8, ]pdw 481
12. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 242
13. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 242
14. Ibid: hmeyw 5 ]pdw 304
15. Ibid: hmeyw 5, ]pdw 260
16. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 370
17. Ibid: hmeyw 1, ]pdw 184
18. Ibid: hmeyw 1, ]pdw 481
19. Ibid: hmeyw 1, ]pdw 482
20. Ibid: hmeyw 8, ]pdw 202
21. Ibid: hmeyw 1, ]pdw 482
22. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 122
23. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 333
24. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 350
25. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 368
26. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 350
27. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 318
28. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 351
29. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 351
30. Ibid: hmeyw 2, ]pdw 351
31. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 143
32. Ibid: hmeyw 7, ]pdw 116
33. Ibid: hmeyw 7, ]pdw 57
34. Ibid: hmeyw 7, ]pdw 116
35. Ibid: hmeyw 1, ]pdw 23
36. Ibid: hmeyw 14, ]pdw 131
37. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 272
38. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 273
39. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 273
40. Ibid: hmeyw 8, ]pdw 99
41. Ibid: hmeyw 6, ]pdw 86
42. Ibid: hmeyw 7, ]pdw 264
43. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 282
44. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 245
45. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 245
46. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 243
47. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 245
48. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 317
49. Ibid: hmeyw 5, ]pdw 19
50. Ibid: hmeyw 5, ]pdw 322
51. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 293
52. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 298
53. Ibid: hmeyw 6, ]pdw 224
54. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 290
55. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 270
56. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 423
57. Ibid: hmeyw 3, ]pdw 187
58. Ibid: hmeyw 5, ]pdw 12
59. Ibid: hmeyw 4, ]pdw 313
AssZzXthZm¥nbpw ]-cn-
jvI¿Ømhpsa∂ \nebn¬
kzman hnthIm\µ\v Ckv-
em-ans‚ B¥cnI\∑sb
Ipdn®v Gsd ]dbm\p≠m-
bn-cps∂¶nepw k¿h aX-
ß-fpsSbpw amXmhmbn Xm-
≥ hnizkn°p∂ lnµp-aX-
Øn-s‚ ]t_m[\ ]Nmc-
W-߃°v th≠n a‰p aX-
ß-sf \ninXambn hna¿in-
°m-≥ bmsXmcp ssha-\-ky-
hpap≠mbncp∂n√.
2013 tabv 21
A¬Øm^v AΩm-´n-°p∂v
atX-X-cXzw: D¤-hw, hnImkw, ]cn-Wmaw
atX-X-cXzw F∂ at\m-l-camb hm°v Hcp-h-´-sa-¶nepw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-
Ø-h-cmbn B[p-\nI temIØv Bcpw D≠m-Im-\n-S-bn-√. B[p-\n-I-amb
km-t¶-Xn-I-i-_vZ-ß-fn¬ Cu ]Z-Øn\v AX ta¬ kzoIm-cyX ssIh-
∂n-cn-°p-∂p. hnhn[ aX-h‡m-°fpw aXm-\p-Iq-en-Ifpw aX-ap-‡cpw aX-
\n--tj-[n-Ifpw ssZh-\n-tj-[n-I-fp-amb hyXykvX cmjvSob t\Xm-°-
≥amcpw Xß-fpsS hm°n-eqsStbm ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eqsStbm \jvS-s∏-Sp-
Ønb kln-jvWp-Xbpw klm-\p-`q-Xnbpw Xncn®v ]nSn-°p-∂Xv "R-߃
a-tX-X-cXzw apdpsI ]nSn-°p-∂-h-cmWv' F∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-´p-sIm-≠m-Wv.
1851-¬ hnJymX _n´ojv Nn¥-I-\mb tPm¿Pv tlmfn-tbm-°mWv (G-eorge Holyoake) BZy-ambn temI-Øn\v ap∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. F-≥-
ssk--t¢m-]o-Unb _n´m-\n° Atheism (\nco-iz-c-hm-Zw) F∂ Xe-s°-
´n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv skIyp-en-dn-k-sØ-°p-dn®v ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv. \nco-
iz-c-hm-ZsØ hni-Zo-I-cn-®v F≥ssk-t¢m-]o-Unb _n´m-\n° ]d-bp∂p:
""]m-tbm-Kn-I-\n-co-iz-c-hmZw ]tbm-K-Øn¬ ssZh-\n-tj[w Xs∂-bm-Wv.
A-Øcw Hcp Z¿i-\sØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw ssZh-apt≠m F∂ tNm-
Zyw Pohn-X-Øns‚ A¿Yhpw a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-Øns‚ \ne-]m-Sp-I-fp-ambn
_-‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ A]-k-‡-am-Wv. apºv ]IrXni‡n-I-tfmSv tN¿-
Øv ]d™ ]Xn-`m-k-߃°v imkvXob hni-Zo-I-cWw Is≠-Øn-b-
tXm-sS B[p-\nI a\p-jys‚ "t]X_m[-sbm-gn™ temIw' ]nd-∂p-ho-
Wp. AXvt]mse Xs∂ sshZy-im-kvXw, hnZym-`ymkw, Ie XpS-ßnb
ta-J--e-I-fn¬ kwL-SnX aX-ß-fpsS kzm[o\w Ah-km-\n-®-tXmsS ssZh-
Ø-n\pw ]c-tem-I-Øn\pw Imcy-amb ]¶n-√mØ Hcp Pohn-X-ho-£Ww h-
f-¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥ a\p-jy≥ DZyp-‡-\m-bn. CØcw Hcp PohnX Z¿i-\-
atX-X-c-Xzw
am\-hn-IX
Ckvemw
2013 tabv 22
sØ-°p-dn-°m-\mWv 19-mw \q‰m-≠n-
s‚ a[y-Øn¬ skIyp-en-dnkw F-
∂ hm°v \n¿an-°-s∏-´-Xv.''(1)
tbip-hns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-sf∂v
A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ bqtdm-]y≥˛]m-
›m-Xy cmPy-ß-fnse P\X tbip-
hn-\m¬ ]Tn-∏n-°-s∏´ thZ-]m-T-߃
hnkva-cn-°p-Ibpw X¬ÿm-\Øv
]ptcm-ln-X≥am-cp-sS kzbw-IrX
Bi-b-߃ ssZhnI\nb-a-ß-sf∂v
IcpXn BN-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tb-ip-hn-\m¬ ]Tn-∏n-°-s∏´ aX-\n-
b-a-߃ \qdp-i-X-am-\hpw ssZhn-I-
hp-w AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ am\-hn-I-hp-
am-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ k`m]mXn-cn-am-cm-
¬ \n¿an® \nb-a-߃ a\p-jy-\n¿an-
X-ß-fm-bXpsIm-≠p-Xs∂ km[m-
cW ]uc≥amsc AXv Gsd _p≤n-
ap-´n-®n-cp-∂p. a[y-Ime bqtdm-∏nse
-cWtIµ-ß-fn¬ N¿®n\pw ]ptcm-
ln-X≥am¿°p-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ kzm-[o-
\w Gh¿°pw Adn-hp-≈-Xm-W-t√m.
k`-bpsS kzm[o\w D]-tbm-Kn-®p-
sIm-≠v ]e Zm¿i-\n-I≥am-scbpw
im-kvX-Im-c≥am-scbpw Pbn-en-e-S-
°-pItbm h[n-°p-Itbm \mSv IS-
Øp--Itbm sNbvXp. Keo-en-tbm, tSm-
f-an XpS-ßnb ]Xn-`m-im-en-Iƒ h-
sc ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏- p. ]s£, k- -t°m
k- m-[n-jvTn-X-amb c-W-Iq-S-Ønt\m
am-dnb kmaq-lnI apt∂-‰-߃s°-
Xn-sc BPo-hm-\¥w ]nSn®p-\n¬°m-
\m--bn-√. imkvXob kXy-߃ sh-
fn-®Øv h∂-t∏mƒ Xß-fpsS ]ptcm-
K-Xn-bpsS XS- -߃°pw \nc-]-cm-
[n--I-fmb imkvX-⁄≥am-cpsS
]oUm-\p-`-h-߃°pw ImcWw k`bpw k-
`m-\n-b-a-ßfpamsW-∂-h¿ a\- n-em-°n. `q-
cn-]£w hcp∂ P\-߃ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw
N-¿®n-s\-Xn-cmbn \ne-sIm-≠p. a[y-Ime
ssI-kvXh aX-tØm-Sp≈ FXn¿∏v IqSn
h-cn-Ibpw BZyw ssIkvXh\ntj-[-ambn
cq-]w sIm≠ Nn¥m-[mc ]n∂oSv ssZh-\n-
tj-[-ambn cq]w ]m]n-°p-I-bpam-Wp-≠m-
b-Xv.
ASn-bp-d® InkvXob hnizm-kn-bmb
A-tUmƒ^v ln‰ve-dpsS Iqc-XIfpsSbpw,
N¿®n-s‚bpw Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ aIp-tSm-Zm-l-
c-W-ß-fmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ k`m ]n-
Xm--°≥am-cpsSbpw Bio¿hm-Z-tØmsS tem-
I-Øv Ac-tß-dnb Ipcniv bp≤-ß-fp-I-fp-
sS-bpw, XpS¿∂v \S∂ aX-Ip‰ hnNm-c-W-
I-fpsS-bpw ^-e-ambn \S∂ Iq´ a\p-jy-
°p-cp-Xn-Ifpw P\-ß-fnse \nco-iz-c-hm-Z-]-
h-W-X-Iƒ°v B°w Iq´n. CØ-c-samcp
km-l-N-cy-Øn-emWv atX-X-cXzw F∂ B-
i-bw DS-se-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. Cusbmcp ]›m-Ø-
e-Øn¬ atX-X-c-Xz-Øn\v I¬]n-°-s∏-´n-cp-
∂ A¿Yw aX-\n-cm-khpw ssZh\ntj-[hpw
Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv atX-X-c-Xzw (Sec-ularism) F∂ kmt¶-XnI ]tbm-K-Øn\v
tem-I-sa-ºmSpw ]Nmcw kn≤n-®p. F∂m¬
ssIkvX-h-cn¬\n∂v kz¥w P\X t\cn´
A\p-`-h-ß-sf- t]msebmbn-cp-∂-n√ a‰v cm-
Py-ß-fnse Ah-ÿ. hy‡-amb aX-\ntj-
[--Ønt\m \nco-iz-c-hm-Z-Ønt\m t]cn-∏n-
°p∂ Xn‡m-\p-`-h-߃ ]e-bn-S-ß-fnepw
C√m-bn-cp-∂p. AXvsIm≠v Xs∂ atX-X-c-
Xzw (Secularism) F∂ hmZ-Øns\ bqtdm-
]y-≥ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬\n∂v AS¿Øn kz-
¥-w cmPy-Øns‚˛]-tZ-i-Øns‚ qan-im-kv-
X-hpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ASn-ÿm-\-
Øn-¬ hymJym-\n-°m≥ XØz-Nn-¥-Icpw Zm-
¿-i-\n-Icpw \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn. AXpsIm-
≠p--Xs∂ atX-X-cXzw (Secularism) F∂
]-Z-Øn\v ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-amb A¿Y-ßfpw
B-i-b-ßfpw ssIh-∂p.
C‚¿s\-‰nse kzX¥ hn⁄m-\-tIm-
i-amb ae-bmfw hn°o-]o-Unb atX-X-c-Xz-
sØ-°p-dn®v hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv ImWpI:
""a-tX-X-cXzw sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp∂ k-
¶o-¿Whpw hnhn-t[m-t±-iy-]-c-hpamb \ne-
]m-Sp-Isf efn-X-amb Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øntem
Npcp-ßnb Nne hm°p-I-fntem Dƒs°m-≈n-
°p-I ia-I-c-am-Wv. ]q¿hIme atX-X-c-Xz-
hpw B[p-\nI atX-X-c-Xzhpw coXn-I-fnepw
\n-e-]m-Sp-I-fnepw Nne kmay-X-Iƒ Z¿in-
°--m-hp-∂-Xm-sW-¶nepw C∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ a-
aX-ap-‡hpw aX-hn-cp-≤-hp-
amb atX-X-c-Xz-Øn\v Hcp
aX-tØmSpw kln-jvWp-Xm-
]q¿hw h¿Øn-°pI km[y-
a-√. \nco-iz-c-hmZ ]Imcw
F-√m aX-ßfpw Ah-bpsS
hn-izm-k-ßfpw Aim-kvXo-
b-hpw Adp-]n-¥n-cn-∏-\p-am-
Wv. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp aXw
im-kvXo-b-am-sWt∂m ]Ir-
Xn-]-c-am-sWt∂m \nco-iz-c-
Xzw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. A-
Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ aX-ß-tfm-
Sp≈ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-fpsS
kao-]\w iXp-Xm-]-chpw D-
≥-aq-e-\m-fl-Ihpw Bbn-cn-
°pw.
2013 tabv 23
tX--X-cXzw apJy-ambpw B[p-\nI ]-
Sn--™m-dns‚ sXm´n-en¬ ]nd-∂Xpw
]n∂oSv ]e kaq-l-ß-fn-ep-ambn h-
f-¿∂v hnI-kn-®-Xp-am-Wv.
a\p-jys‚ bp‡nbnepw mj-
bn-epw aXhpw AXn-`u-XnI im-kv-
X-hpw sNep-Øp∂ \nb-¥-W-ß-
fn-¬ \n∂p≈ tamN\w F∂ \ne-
bn--emWv BZyw atX-X-cXzw \n¿hNn-
°-s∏- -Xv. ""kmwkvIm-cntImZvK-Y-\-
Øn-s‚ ]Xo-I-ßsf aXw \n¿W-
bn--°p-∂Xv XS-bpI F∂-XmWv A-
Xn-s‚ e£yw.
kaq-l-Ønse F√m Xe-Øn-
ep-ap≈ N]-e-amb AwKXzw AXv
\o-°n-°-f-bp-∂p. AXv ]q¿W- hf-
¿-®-sb-Øepw DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs‰-
Sp--°-ep-am-Wv. AXv aX-]-chpw B-
flo-b-]-c-hp-amb Xmßv \o°w sN-
øp--Ibpw a\p-jys\ kz¥w Imen¬
\n¿Øp-I-bp-amWv sNøp-∂Xv.
""]Ir-Xnsb aX-Iob A[n-kz-
\-ß-fn¬\n∂v tamNn-∏n-°-em-WXv.''
am-Ivkv shº¬ F∂ P¿a≥ kmaq-
ln-I imkvX-⁄≥ ]d-bp-∂p.
AXo-µnb Bi-bsØ ]mtbm-
Kn-I ]cn-⁄m-\-Øn¬ ]cn-an-X-s∏-
Sp--Øp-Ibpw [m¿an-Ihpw AkvXnXz
kw_-‘-nbp-amb Adn-hp-Iƒ°m-[m-
c-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc a-
tX--Xc Nn¥-I≥am¿ \nc-¥cw ka-
cw \S-Øn. `c-W-IqSw GsX-¶nepw
a-X-hn-izm-k-sØtbm ]tXyI aX-
aq--ey-ß-sftbm t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-
Itbm `c-W-kzm-X-¥yw D]-tbm-Kn-
®v aX-ßsf ]oUn-∏n-°p-Itbm sN-
øn-√ F∂ apJy e£-tØm-sS-bp≈
H-cp Iq´w Bi-b-ß-sfbpw aqey-ß-
sf-bp-amWv atX-X-cXzw F∂ ]Zw
kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂v epAbv A`n-
]m-b-s∏-Sp∂p.''(2)
atX-X-cXzw: Bi-bhpw ]tbm-Khpw
aX-kzm-X-¥y-w, aX-ku-lm¿Zw,
\n-co-iz-c-hm-Zw, aX-ap‡ cmjvSo-b-
hmZw XpS-ßnb F√m-Øcw sshcp-
[ym-[n-jvTnX hmZ-ßfpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-
°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv "atX-X-cXz'Øns‚ ta-
¬hn-em-k-Ønepw \ymbo-I-c-W-Øn-
ep-am-Wv. F¶nepw atX-X-c-Xz-Øn¬
hn-iz-kn-°p-∂-hsc aq∂mbn Xncn-
°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
1. ]]©kjvSm-hns‚ AkvXn-XzsØ
\ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿
teJ-\-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®-
Xv t]mse a[y ssIkvXh bqtdm-∏n-t\m-
Sp-≈ ]Xn-tj-[-am-bmWv Cu hn`m-K-Øn-
¬s]´ atX-X-c-hm-Z-Øns‚ XpS-°w. ]n∂oSv
atX-X-c-Xz-Øn\v ]cn-Wmaw kw -hn®v Ahm-
¥-c-hn-`m-K-߃ DS-se-Sp-sØ-¶nepw `mjm-
im--kvX-]-c-ambpw Bi-b-]-c-ambpw auen-
Iambpw atX-X-cXzw Cu hn`m-K-hp-am-bmWv
_‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \oXvsj ]d-bp∂p:
""B-[p-\nI XØz-imkvXw hn⁄m-\-]-
Zamb ktµ-i-hm-Z-sa∂ \ne°v ]Xy-£-
ambpw ]tcm-£-ambpw ssIkvXh hncp-≤-
amWv.'' djy-bn¬ DZbw sNøp-Ibpw ]n-∂o-
Sv temI-Øns‚ hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬ Bi-
b--]-c-ambn kzm[o\w sNep-Øp-Ibpw sN-
bv-X- Iayq-Wnkw ssZh-\n-tj[w apJy-ap-
Z-bpw apZm-hm-Iy-hp-am-°n-b-Xm-Wv. Imd¬
amIvkns‚ kmln-Xy-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-ÿm-\-
Øv \n¿Ø-s∏´ ssZh-k-¶¬]w ssIkv-
X-h k¶¬]-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p F∂v am¿Ivkn-
b≥ kmln-Xy-߃ hmbn-®m¬ a\- n-em-
Ip-w. ]s£, [nj-Wm-im-en-bmb am¿Ivkv
AXv tIhe ssIkvXh hna¿i-\-ß-fm-
°m-sX temI-sa-ºm-Sp-ap≈ ssZh-hn-izm-k-
Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn kmam-\y-h¬°-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wp-≠m-b-Xv. aX-ßsf apgp-h-\m-bn-s°m-≠p-
≈ At±-l-Øns‚ kmam-\y-h-Xv°-cWw
tem-I-Øns‚ hnhn[ mK-ß-fn¬ am¿Ivkn-
b≥ Bi-b-߃°v A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw
A\p-hm-N-I-scbpw t\Sn-s°m-Sp-Øp. F√m
a-X-ß-fn-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]utcm-lnXyambn-
cp-∂p CXn\v Imc-Ww. F√m aX-ß-fn-se-
bpw ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øn\v kam-\-X-I-fp-≠v.
ssZ-h-h-N-\-ßsf hf-s®m-Sn®v ]ptcm-ln-X-
≥-am¿°pw Ah-cpsS kp`n-£-amb Pohn-X-
a\pjysc√mw Hcm-Wn¬-\n-
∂pw s]Æn¬\n∂pw DS-se-
Sp-Ø-Xm-sW∂pw Idp-Ø-
h\v shfp-Ø-h-t\-°mfpw
shfp-Ø-h\v Idp-Ø-h-t\-
°mfpw Ad-_nt°m A\-d-
_nt°m P∑-Øn-s‚tbm hw-
i-Øn-s‚tbm h¿K-Øn-s‚-
tbm tZi-Øn-s‚tbm `mj-
bp-tStbm ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬
Hcp-hn[ tijvT-X-bp-an-s√-
∂mWv Ckvem-ans‚ A[ym-]-
\w. GXv aX-hn-`m-K-°m-c-\m-
bmepw Ah≥ Xs‚ ktlm-
Z-c-\m-sW-∂mWv Ckvem-anI
hnizmkw.
2013 tabv 24
Øn\pw A\p-Iq-e-am°n am‰n-sb-gp-
Xp-I-bmWv F°m-e-sØbpw ]ptcm-
ln-X¿ sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv. X߃ ssZ-
h--Øns‚ a[y-h¿Øn-Ifpw ip]m-¿i-
I-c-p-am-bmWv Ah¿ kzbw ]cn-N-b-
s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ ]hm-
N-I≥am¿ ]Tn-∏n® XØz-ß-fp-ambn
]ptcm-ln-X≥am-cpsS Bi-b-߃°v
bmsXm-cp-hn[ _‘-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-
∂n-√. CØcw Nqj-W-߃s-°-Xn-
sc i‡-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-®-hcpw ssZ-
h--tØmSv ]m¿Yn-°m≥ a[y-h¿Øn-
Iƒ Bh-iy-an-s√∂v ]Tn-∏n-®-h-cp-am-
bn-cp∂p ]hm-N-I≥am¿. ]hm-N-I-
≥-am-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw ssZh-Øn-
s‚ ]Xn-]p-cp-j-∑mcpambn Na-™v
P-\-ßsf NqjWw sNbvXn-cp∂
]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ X´n∏v A-`y--kv-
X-hn-Zysc aX-Øn¬\n∂v AI-‰m≥
Imc-W-am-bn. ssIkvXh k`m hn-
cp-≤amb Iayq-Wn-k-Øn\v Aß-s\-
-bmWv a‰v aX-ß-fn¬ A\p-bm-bn-I-
ƒ D≠m-b-Xv.
an° temI-cm-Py-ß-fnepw sXc-
s™--Sp∏v \ne-hn¬ hcn-Ibpw thm-
s´--Sp∏pw XZ-\p-kr-X-amb cmjvSob
]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw c-W-Øns‚ kzm-
`m--hnI \S-]-Sn-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvX-
t∏m-ƒ ip≤-\n-co-iz-cXzw Xß-fpsS
cmjvSob \ne-\n¬]ns\ _m[n°p-
sa∂pw _me‰v s]-´n-bn¬ thm´ns‚
`q-cn]£w Ipd-bp-sa-∂pw C¥y t]m-
ep-≈ cmPyßfnse IayqWnÃv h-
‡-m-°ƒ°v \√ t_m[y-ap-≠m-bn-
cp--∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ `qcn-]-
£w hcp∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ap-
∂n¬ \nco-iz-c-hmZw, ssZh-\n-tj[w
Xp-S-ßnb ]Z-߃°v ]I-c-ambn "a-
tX--X-cXzw' (Secularism) F∂ km-
t¶--Xn-I-kw⁄ kzoI-cn-®p. CXn-≥-
--e-ambn BZ¿im-i-b-ß-fpsS kwc-
£-Whpw ]mtbm-KnI cmjvSo-b-
Øn-se \ne-\n¬]pw Hcp-t]mse kw-
-c-£n-°-s∏-´p.
aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒs°Xn-cn-ep≈
aX-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS Btcm-]-W-߃
]e-Xm-Wv. aX-߃ ImcWw a\p-
jy-¿ XΩn-e-I-ep-Ibpw Ie-ln-°p-
I-bpw ]c-kv]cw sIms∂m-Sp-°p-I-
bpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ aX-ap-‡-
am-b Hcp kaq-l-kr-jvSn-∏n-eqsS am-
X-sa AXv km[y-am-Iq F∂p-amWv
ssZh-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS Btcm-]-W-ß-fn-sem-
∂v. F∂m¬ Xßsf t]mse aX-\n-tj-[-
h-pw ssZh-\n-tj-[hpw kzoI-cn-®m¬ a\p-jy-
l-Xy-Ifpw bp≤-ßfpw Ipd-bp-I-b√ h¿[n-
°p-I-bmWv sNøpI F∂-XmWv ssZh-\n-
tj[ atX-X-c-hm-Zn-I-fpsS CXx-]-cy-¥-ap≈
N-cn-X-߃ \tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
Iayq-WnÃv djy-bnse aX-ß-tfm-Sp≈
k-ao-]-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw `qan-bnse kz¿K-
sØ--°p-dn-®p-amWv AXns‚ h‡m-°ƒ°v
]d-bm-\p-≈-sX-¶n¬ AhnsS \ne-\n-∂n-cp-
∂ atX-X-c-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v _lp-`mjm ]-
fin--X\pw Ncn-X-Im-c-\p-amb "k¿hXv ku-
e-Xv' Fgp-Xp-∂Xv ImWpI:
""...djy-bn-sebpw at[y-jy-bn-sebpw ap-
kv-enw-Iƒ°v hnI-k-\-Øns‚ t]cn¬ I\-
Ø hne-bmWv \¬tI≠n h∂-Xv. Ah-cp-
sS AkvXnXzw amX-a√ C√m-Xm-°-s∏-´-Xv.
am-\-hn-I-ambpw imco-cn-I-ambpw Ah¿ ]-
£m-f\w sNø-s∏-´p. tkmjy-enÃv kmam-
Py--Øns‚ ASn-aØw F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv cm-
jv-So-bhpw kmº-Øn-I-hp-amb ASn-aØw
am-X-a-√. AXn-tesd am\-kn-Ihpw Bflo-
b-hp-amb ASn-a-Ø-am-W-Xv. Ahn-sS tk-m-
jy-en-Ãp-Iƒ ssZhsØ \ntj-[n® tijw
kz-bw ssZh-ambn Na-bp-I-bmWv sNbvXn-
cn-°p-∂-Xv. tkmjy-enÃv X-Øz-ß-fp-ambn
tb-mPn-°m-Ø-sX√mw sX‰m-sW-∂m-bn-cp-
∂p Ah-cpsS shbv]v. Xß-fpsS Bi-bm-
Z-¿-i-ß-fp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-SmØ F√m
kw-kvIm-c-ß-sfbpw XpS-®p-\o-°m≥ Ah¿
BK-ln-®p. djy-bn¬ tkmjy-enÃv hnπ-
h-sØ XpS¿∂v Ncn-X-Øn¬ Xpey-X-bn-√m-
-Ø c‡-s®m-cn-®n¬ Ac-tß-dn. ]´m-f-°m¿
amX-a√ AXn¬ h[n-°-s∏-´-Xv. FÆ-a‰
kn-hn-en-b≥amcpw h[n-°-s∏- p. hnπ-hm-\-¥-
ssZh-\n-tj-[-]-c-amb atX-
X-c-Xzw-sIm≠v A\ym-b-amb
bp≤-ßfpw \oXo-I-cn-°m-
\m-hmØ sIme-]m-X-I-ß-
fpw Ah-km-\n-°pI t]m-bn-
´v Ip-d-bp-I -t]m-ep-an-√. adn-
®v AsXmcp KpW-\-I-am-\p-
]m-X-ti-Wn-t]mse A[n-I-
cn-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-sX-∂m-
Wv NcnXw \tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
2013 tabv 25
cw tkmjy-enÃv Im¿jn-Ihyhÿ
\n¿Zbw ASn-t®¬]n-®Xv aqew
cmPysØ ]e-h´w ISpØ £maw
]nSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw AXn¬ e£-°-W-
°n-\m -fp -Iƒ ac-W-a -S -bp -Ibpw
sNbvXp. e£-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Isf
tkmjy-enÃv hnπ-h-Øns‚ iXp-
°-fmbn apZ-IpØn h[n-®p-I-f-bp-
Ibpw tIm¨k≥tS-j≥ Iymºp-
I-fn-te°v Ab-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]n∂oSv ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ GXm≠v
im¥-am -b-t∏mƒ tkmjy-enÃv
t\Xm-°≥am¿ ]c-kv]cw G‰p-ap´n
acn-®p. hnπ-h-Øn¬ kPoh ]¶v
hln® t\Xm-°ƒ Xs∂ hntZi
GP‚p-I-fmbn apZ-Ip-Ø-s∏´v \nc-
\n-c-bmbn h[n-°-s∏-´p.'' ""...-ap-kvenw-
I-sfbpw CXc aX-hn -izm -kn -I-
sfbpw aX-` -jvS -cm -°p -∂-Xn\v
th≠n-bmWv djy≥ `c-W-IqSw
ian-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.'' ""...bqtdm-
]y≥ cmPy-߃ Ah-bpsS tImf\n
cmjvS -ßsf kmº-Øn-I-ambn
Atß-b‰w NqjWw sNøp-I-bp-
≠m-sb-¶nepw am\-kn -I-ambpw
Bflo-b -ambpw AX-Xs∂
NqjWw sNbvXn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm-
≠p-Xs∂ bqtdm-]y≥ kmam-Py-Xz-
i-‡n-I-fpsS B[n-]-Xy-Øn≥ Iogn-
em -bn -cp∂ B cmPy-ß-sf√mw
Ct∏mƒ kzX¥ cmjvS-ß-fmbn
amdn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ djy-
bnse tkmjy-enÃv kmamPyw
kmº-ØnI NqjWw A[n -I -
sam∂pw \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. AtX-
k-abw am\-kn-Ihpw Bflo-bhpw
kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Nqj-W-߃ ]c-
am-h-[n- I≠v \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-
sIm-≠p-Xs∂ bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy-ß-fpsS
ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ Ign™ apkvenw kaq-l-
߃°v ]n∂oSv Bkz-Zn-°m≥ km[n®
kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ kpJm-\p-`q-Xn-Iƒ at[y-
jy-bnse apkvenwIƒ°v Ct∏mgpw Ign-
™n-´n -√. ]m›mXy kmam -PyXzhpw
tkmjy-enÃv kmam-Py-Xzhpw XΩn-ep≈
hyXym-k-an-XmWv: ]m›mXy kmam-Py-Xz-
Øn¬\n∂v P\-߃°v ap‡n t\Sm≥
Ignbpw. F∂m¬ tkmjy-enÃv kmam-Py-
Xz-Øn¬\n∂v ap‡n t\Sp-I-sb-∂Xv hfsc
hnZq-c-amb Hcp km[yX amX-amWv.''(3)
aX-ap-‡hpw aX-hn-cp-≤-hp-amb atX-X-
c-Xz-Øn\v Hcp aX-tØmSpw kln-jv-Wp-Xm-
]q-¿hw h¿Øn-°pI km[y-a-√. \nco-iz-c-
hm-Z ]Imcw F√m aX-ßfpw Ah-bpsS
hn-izm-k-ßfpw Aim-kvXo-bhpw Adp-]n-
¥n-cn-∏-\p-am-Wv. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp aXw im-
kv-Xo-b-am-sWt∂m ]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-sW-t∂m
\nco-iz-cXzw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. A-Xp-sIm-
≠p-Xs∂ aX-ß-tfm-Sp≈ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-
fpsS kao-]\w iXp-Xm-]-chpw D≥aq-e-\m-
fl--Ihpw Bbn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬ Ckvem-an-
s‚ ÿnXn adn-®m-Wv. F√m aX-ß-fpw ASn-
ÿm-\-]-c-ambn Ckvem-an¬\n-∂mWv D¤-
hn--®-Xv F∂v Ckvemw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. ssZ-
hn-Im[ym-]-\-߃°v ]Icw ]ptcmln-X≥-
am--cm¬ \n¿an-°-s∏´ \nb-a-ß-fmWv a\p-jy-
k-aq-l-Øns‚ n∂X°v Imc-W-sa∂pw Izp-
¿-B≥ \nco-£n-°p-∂p.
aX-߃ ]c-kv]-c-ap≈ `n∂-X am‰m≥
A-h¿°v ap≥Im-e-ß-fn¬ \¬I-s∏´ auen-
Im-[ym-]-\-ß-fn-te°v aS-ßn-h-c¬ amX-
amWv GI t]mwh-gn. ]hm-N-I≥am¿ ]Tn-
∏n--® auen-I-amb A[ym-]-\-߃ F√mw H-
∂m-bn-cp∂p F∂v hyXykvX aX-k-aq-l-ß-
sf Izp¿-B≥ Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
a\pjysc√mw Hcm-Wn¬\n∂pw s]Æn-
¬-\n∂pw DS-se-Sp-Ø-Xm-sW∂pw Idp-Ø-h-
\v shfp-Ø-h-t\-°mfpw shfp-Ø-h\v Idp-
Ø--h-t\-°mfpw Ad-_nt°m A\-d-_nt°m
P∑-Øn-s‚tbm hwi-Øn-s‚tbm h¿K-Øn-
s‚-tbm tZi-Øn-s‚tbm mj-bp-tStbm A-
Sn--ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hcp-hn[ tijvT-X-bp-an-
s√∂mWv Ckvem-ans‚ A[ym-]-\w. GXv
a-X-hn-`m-K-°m-c-\m-bmepw Ah≥ Xs‚ k-
tlm--Z-c-\m-sW-∂mWv Ckvem-anI hn-iz-m-
kw. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ CXc aX-ß-sf-
]--‰n-bp≈ ho£W hyXym-k-ßfpw hna¿i-
\-ßfpw Hcp KpW-Imw£ F∂ \n-e--°mWv
\mw A£-c-߃ tN¿Øv
h®v mh-\m-fl-I-ambn a\- n-
em-°nb atX-X-c-Xz-hp-ambn
Hcn-°epw s]mcp-Ø-s∏-
SpI t]mbn´v tIh-e-samcp
Xmc-X-ay-Øn\v t]mepw ]gp-
Xn -√mØ aX-k-ao -]-\-ß-
fmWv atX-X-c-Xzhpw \m\m-
Xz-Øn¬ GI-Xzhpw Ah-
Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cn¬\n∂pw
A[n -Im -cn -I -fn¬\n∂pw
]et∏mgpw D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-
cn-°p-∂Xv.
2013 tabv 26
Izp¿-B≥ ]¶v sh°p-∂-Xv.
aX-Øn¬ Hcp _e-]-tbm-Khpan-
√, k≥am¿Kw Zp¿am¿K-hp-ambn th-
¿-Xn-cn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. (Izp¿-B≥ 2:-255)
F∂mWv Izp¿-Bs‚ A[ym-]-\w.
C-kvem-anI cmjvS-ß-fn¬ Izp¿-B≥
ap-kvenw-I-f-√m-Ø-h¿°v \n¿_‘
]mTy-]-≤-Xn-b-√. \nco-iz-c-hmZw Hu-
tZym--KnI aX-ambn AwKo-I-cn® cm-
jv-S-ß-fn-em-Is´ \nco-iz-c-hmZw \n¿-
_--‘-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
Ckvem-anse amXr-Im-tbm-Ky-
amb `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-ßsf Ah-K-
Wn®v X∂n-jvS-]-Imcw `cn® tkz-
Om--[n-]-Xn-Ifpw Ncn-X-Øn-eqsS I-
S-∂v t]mbXv hnkva-cn-°p-∂n-√. F-
∂m-¬ AØcw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ
C-kvem-anI aqey-߃ ]men-°m-Ø-
hcpw A[n-Imctamln-I-fp-am-bn-cp-
∂p. Ch¿ sNbvX AI-a-߃ C-
kv-em-ans‚ A°u-≠n¬ hchv sh-
°p--∂-Xn\v apºmbn Ch-cpsS Ncn-X-
߃ am\y-hm-b-\-°m¿ ]T-\-hn-t[-
b--am-°-Ww. c≠v Imcy-߃ A-t∏m-
ƒ \ap°v Kln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. 1. ap-
kv-enw \ma-[m-cn-I-fmb tkzOm-[n-]-
Xn-I-fpsS AI-a-Øn\v apkvenw-I-
fpw hnt[-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. 2. Ahsc A-
I--a-Øn\v t]cn-∏n® Imcy-߃°v
aX-]-c-amb am\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
as‰mcp Imcyw Ckvemw hntcm-
[n--Iƒ \√-h-cmb apkvenw `c-W-I-
¿-Øm-°-sf-Ip-dn®v Zpcm-tcm-]-W-ß-ƒ
D-∂-bn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xm-Wv. CXv XpS-
ßn-sh-®Xv _n´o-jp-Im-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
_n´s‚ tImf-\n-hm-gvNsb apkvenw
`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ FXn¿Ø-Xmbn-
cp-∂p AXn\v Imc-Ww. Ct∏mƒ \p-
W NcnXw Fgp-Xp∂ tPmen Gs‰-
Sp--Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv Xoh mjnÃv kw-
L-]-cn-hm-c-am-Wv.
ssZh-\n-tj-[-]-c-amb atX-X-c-
Xzw--sIm≠v A\ym-b-amb bp≤-
ßfpw \oXo-I-cn-°m-\m-hØ sIme-
]m--X-I-ßfpw Ah-km-\n-°pI t]m-
bn-´-v Ipd-bp-I -t]m-ep-an-√. adn®v A-
sXm-cp KpW-\-I-am-\p-]m-X-ti-Wn-
t]m-se A[n-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-
sX-∂mWv NcnXw \tΩmSv ]d-bp-
∂--Xv. h¿Ø-am\ ImesØ \nco-iz-
c˛-a-tX-X-cXz h‡m-°-fpsS Im¿an-
I-Xz-Øn¬ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ cmjvSob sIme-
]m-X-I-ßfpw a‰pw hy‡am-°p-∂Xpw \nco-
iz-cXz˛atX-X-cXzw am\p-jnI aqey-ß-sf-
b-pw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ß-sfbpw kwc-£n-°p-
∂--Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏´p F∂p-am-X-am-Wv.
2. kjvSm-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n-ep-w
a\p-jys‚ kmaq-lnI Pohn-X-Øn-te°v
ssI-I-S-Øm≥ ssZh-Ønt\m aX-Ønt\m
A-[n-Im-c-an-s√∂v hniz-kn-°p∂ atX-X-c-
hm-Zn-Iƒ.
Cu ImgvN-∏mSn-ep≈ atX-X-cXzw ]Xy-
£-Øn¬ am\p-jnI aqey-ß-tfmtSm a\p-
jy-m-h-Im-i-ß-tfmtSm G‰p-ap- p-∂n-√. F-∂m-
¬ aXw hy‡n-bpsS kzIm-cy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬
]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ coXn-bn-ep≈ atX-X-
c-Xz-Øns‚ ]mtbm-Kn-IX F]-Im-c-am-sW-
∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°m-\m-hm-Øn-S-tØmfw CØ-
c-Øn-ep≈ atX-X-c-XzsØ \n¿hNn-°pI
km[y-a-√. hnizm-kw, kvt\lw, Icp-W, Kp-
W-Imw£ XpS-ßnb KpW-߃ B¿Pn-°-
W-sa∂pw If-hv, NXn, h©-\, Zpcm-K-lw,
Al-¶m-cw, kzm¿YX XpS-ßnb Zqjy-߃
shSn-b-W-sa∂pw F√m aX-ßfpw AXns‚
A-\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. CXn¬
hnizmkw amX-amWv am\-kn-I-amb Hcp I-
¿-aw. as‰√m \∑-Ifpw Xn≥a-Ifpw a\p-jy-
s‚ `uXnI I¿a-ßfpw kmaq-lnI_m[y-
X-IfpsS Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-
hp-am-Wv. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ a\p-jy\v hy‡n-
]-c-am-bn-´p≈ Hcp Imcyw C√ F∂-XmWv
h-kvXp-X. a\p-jys‚ P\-\-sØ-Xp-S¿-∂p-
≈- Hmtcm \nan-jhpw Ah≥ kaq-l-hp-am-
bn IqSp-X¬ CS-]-g-Ip-Ibpw kaq-l-hp-ambn
Cgp-In-t®-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. "hy-‡n'Ifp-
s-S hy‡nXz cq]o-I-cWw hsc \S-°p-∂Xv
k-aq-l-Øn¬ \ne-hm-c-Øn\pw G‰-°p-d-®n-
ep-Iƒ°pw A\p-kr-X-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂Xv
kpµ-c-amb hm°p-Iƒ D]-
tbm-Kn®v P\-ßsf sX‰p-[-
cn -∏n -°p-Ibpw ]tbm-K-
Øn¬ AXn\v FXncv ]h¿-
Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ k-
ao-]\w Ckvem-an-\n-√. C-kv-
emw bmYm¿Yy-߃ aqSn-sh-
°p-Itbm hf-s®m-Sn-°p-I-
tbm sNømsX \ne-]mSv hy-
‡-am-°p-∂p. F√m aX-ß-
fpw H∂mWv Ft∂m GXv am-
¿-Kw kzoI-cn-®mepw kz¿K-
Øn-¬ t]mIm-sat∂m Ckv-
emw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.
2013 tabv 27
hy-‡-amb Hcp bmYm¿Yy-am-W-t√m.
Hcp hy‡n X\n-®m-Ip-tºmƒ aX-
im-k-\-b-\p-k-cn®v kXy-k-‘X ]p-
e-¿Øp-Ibpw kaq-l-Øn¬ h∂v a‰v
a\p-jy-cp-ambn \S-Øp∂ CS-]m-Sp-I-
fn¬ h©\ ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-
≥ Ign-bptam? hy‡n-]-c-ambn k≥-
am-¿-Kn-bm-Im\pw kaq-ln-I-ambn Zp-
¿-am-¿Kn-bm-Im\pw a\p-jy\v Ign-bp-
tam? kmaq-ln-I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ aXw
I-S∂v hccpXv F∂Xv sIm≠v F-¥m-
Wv Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv F∂v AXns‚
h-‡m-°ƒ°v Xs∂ Adn-bn-√. k-
Xy-w, [¿aw, \oXn-]m-e-\w, B-fl-m-¿-
Y--X, XpS-ßnb kXvhn-Im-c-߃ k-
aq--l-Øn¬ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xns\ a-
Xw kaq-l-Øn¬ CS-s]-Sp-∂-Xmbn
hy-mJym-\n-°m≥ Ign-bn√ F∂mWv
adp-]-Sn-sb-¶n¬ ]ns∂ kaq-l-tØm-
Sv Rm≥ C∂ aX-°m-c-\mWv F∂v
]d-bp-∂-Xn-s\tbm aX-Øns‚ Nn”-
߃ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\tbm B-
tWm Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv? Aßn-s\-sb-
¶n-¬ ]kvXpX atX-X-cXzw ]men-
°p-∂ Bcpw Xs∂-bn-s√∂v ]d-tb-
≠n hcpw. hy‡n-]-c-ambn sslµ-
h--hn-izm-k-ap-≈-bmfpw Ckvem-anI
ho-£-W-ap-≈-bmfpw InkvXp-aX hn-
izm-knbpw kaq-l-Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏-
Sp-∂Xv Ahs‚ aX-Øns‚ te_-
tem-Sv IqSn Xs∂. ]c-ky-ambn \nco-
iz-c-hmZw ]Jym-]n-®-bmƒ t]mepw
C-Xn¬\n∂v ap‡-\-√. ImcWw ssZ-
h hnizm-kn°v hnizm-k-Øns‚ A-
Sn--ÿm-\-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°m≥ Ah-
Im-i-an-s√-¶n¬ \nco-iz-c-hn-izm-kn°v
Abm-fpsS hnizm-k-Øn¬ hn[n ]d-
bm\pw Ah-Im-i-an-√. ImcWw atX-
X-cXzw sIm≠v km£m-XvIr-X-am-Ip-
∂ ka-Xz-Øn\v FXn-cm-W-Xv. CX-
√m-Ø as‰mcp cq]w aXw "kmaq-ln-
I--Po-hn-X-Øn-en-S-s]-S-cpXv' F∂v hym-
Jym--\n-°-s∏-Sp∂ atX-X-c-Xz-Øn-\p-
s≠--¶n¬ AXns‚ h‡m-°ƒ Nq-
≠n--°m-Wn-°-W-sa∂v Xm¬]-cy-s∏-
Sp--∂p. aX-ap-‡-cmb cmjvSo-b-]m¿´n-
I-ƒ t]mepw ÿm\m¿Ynsb \n¿-
Øp--tºmƒ ]tZ-iØv `qcn-]-£-ap-
≈- aX-°msc PmXn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-
\-Øn¬ Xs∂ \ma-\n¿tZiw sNøp-
∂Xv Nncn°v hI \¬Ip-∂p.
3. F√m aX hnizm-k-߃°pw
Xp-ey ]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂p F∂v Ah-Im-
i-s∏-Sp∂ atX-X-cXzw.
C¥y≥ atX-X-cXzw Cu aq∂mw hn`m-
K-Øn¬ s]Sp∂p F∂mWv Ah-Im-i-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xv. 1950 P\p-hcn 26-\v AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´
C¥y≥ `c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ skIyp-e-dnkw
F∂ hm°v BI-kvan-I-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®p-
sh-∂-√msX Hcp c-W-L-S\m Bi-b-ambn
Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cp-∂n-√. tIm¨Ãn-‰yp-j-\m-b-
Xn-\p-ti-jhpw skIyp-e-dnkw F∂ `c-W-
L--S\ Bibw C¥y≥ P\-߃ Hcp s]m-
Xp N¿®-bn-eqsS a\- n-em-°n-bn-´n-√. Hcp
dn-∏-ªn-°mbn 26 h¿j-߃°v tijw 1976-
-emWv \m¬]-Øn-c≠mw `c-W-L-S\m t`Z-
K-Xn-bn-eqsS skIyp-e-dnkw BZy-ambn
C¥y≥ `c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ Dƒ∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv.
F-¶nepw ]Sn-™m-d≥ temIØv hnh-£n-
°-s∏-´Xv t]mse aX-hn-cp-≤-amb Hcp Po-
hn-X ]≤-Xn-bm-b√ C¥y≥ atX-X-c-Xz-
sØ s]mXpsh a\- n-em-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. C-
¥y-bpsS _lp-aX kwkvIm-c-ß-fn¬\n∂v
Dcp-Øn-cn-bp∂ cmjvSob kmaqly ImgvN-
∏m-Sp-Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn Hcp aX-tØmSpw
]tXy-I-amb aa-Xtbm hnth-N-\tam ]p-e-
¿-Øm-Xn-cn-°p-I F∂mWv ]e tZiob t\-
Xm--°≥amcpw apºv hni-Zo-I-cn-®n- p-≈-Xv. F-
∂m¬ C¥y≥ atX-X-c-Xz-Øn\v Jfin-X-
am-b Hcp \n¿hN\w \mfn-Xp-hsc \¬I-
s∏-´-n-´n-√ F∂Xv sIm≠p-Xs∂ Hmtcm-cp-
Øcpw kz¥w am\-knI \ne-hm-c-Øn-\-\p-
k--cn®v sIm≠v C¥y≥ atX-X-c-XzsØ hn-
h--£n-°p-∂p.
atX-X-c-Xz-Øn\v H∂n-e-[nIw `mjy-ß-
ƒ \¬Ip-∂Xv bp‡n-lo-\-am-sW∂pw F-
√m aX-ß-sfbpw _lp-am-\n°pw F∂-co-
Xn-bn-ep≈ atX-X-c-Xz-Øns‚ \n¿hN\w a-
GI-\mb A√m-lp-hns\
amXw Bcm-[n-°-W-sa∂v
]Tn-∏n -°p∂ Ckvemapw,
]nXmhpw ]pX\pw ]cn-ip-
≤m-flm-hp-amb aq∂v ssZh-
ßsf Bcm-[n-°-W-sa∂v
]d-bp∂ InkvXp-a-X-hpw,
ap∏-Øn-ap-t°mSn ssZh-ß-
fp≈ lnµp-a-Xhpw Htc
t]mse kXy-am -hp-∂-sX-
ßs\?
2013 tabv 28
X -]£]mXn-Xz-amWv F∂pw tPm¿-
Pv tlmfn-tbm°v atX-X-c-Xz-Øn\v \-
¬-Inb \n¿hN-\-amb "`c-W-Iq-S-
Øn-\v aX-an√' F∂ \n¿hN\w am-
X-sa AXn-\p≈q F∂pw ka¿Yn-
®p--sIm-s≠-gp-Xnb ae-bmfw hn°n-
]o-Un-b- teJ-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p:
"djy≥ Du¿-P-X-¥hpw Ata-cn-
°-≥ _tbm-f-Pnbpw C√m-ØXv t]m-
se C¥y°v amX-am-sbmcp atX-X-
c-Xzhpw bp‡n-lo-\-amWv'(4)
imkvX-sØbpw kn≤m-¥-sØ-
bpw H∂mbn D]-an® teJ-Is‚ bp-
‡n-lo-\X ]kvXpX teJ-\-Øn¬
\n-g-en-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw C¥y≥
atX-X-c-Xzw hyXy-kvX-co-Xn-bn¬
hymJym-\n-°m≥ Hcp-]mSv ]gp-Xp-I-
fp-s≠∂v ]kvXpX teJ\w \sΩ
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. amX-hp-a√,
lnµp Xoh-hm-Zn-I-fpsS ta¬t\m-´-
Ø-nepw Im¿an-I-Xz-Ønepw \S-°p∂
t_mw_v kvt^mS-\-ßfpw hwi-l-
Xy-Ifpw \sΩ Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂-Xv `c-
W-IqSw Xpey-]-cn-K-W\ F√m aX-
߃°pw \¬Ip-∂p-s≠-¶nepw qcn-
]£w hcp∂ kaqlw AXv AwKo-
I-cn-°p-∂n√ F∂-Xm-Wv. ]kw-K-ß-
fnepw ]kvXm-h-\-I-fnepw kpµ-c-am-
b C¥y≥ atX-X-c-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v
]-kw-Kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS I¨ap-ºn¬
Xs∂-bmWv _m_dn akvPnZv X-I-
¿-°-s∏-´Xpw Hcp hymg-h-´-°mew I-
gn--™n´pw k¿°m¿ AXv ]p-\-¿\n-¿-
a-n-°m-Ø-Xpw.
kpµ-c-amb Bi-b-Øns‚ ]Nm-
c-I-cmbn amdp-∂-h¿ Xs∂ ]mtbm-
Kn--I-ambn F¥mWv atX-X-cXzw F∂v sXfn-
bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏- p. kXy-Øn¬ C-
Xn¬ henb A¤p-X-sam-∂p-an-√. PmXo-b-
Xbpw D®-\o-N-Xz-ßfpw hns´m-gn-bmØ Hcp
kaq-l-Øn¬ a\p-jys\ P∑\m Xmgv∂-h-
\mbpw Db¿∂-h-\mbpw hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p.
a-tX-X-cXzw F∂ ]Zw hym]-I-am-bn´pw Pm-
Xo--b-amb Cu hnth-N\w C∂pw \ne-\n-¬-
°p-∂p.
hm°p-I-sfbpw hmN-I-ß-ssfbpw h-f-
sc kpµ-c-ambn tIm¿Øn-W°nbpw hnIm-
cm-[o-\-X-tbm-sS-bp-amWv C¥y≥ atX-X-c-
Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v \oXn-]m-e-Icpw kmwkvIm-
cn-I \mb-Icpw cmjvSob t\Xm-°≥amcpw
\ap°v apºn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F-∂m-
¬ \mw A£-c-߃ tN¿Øv h®v `mh-\m-
fl--I-ambn a\- n-em-°nb atX-X-c-Xz-hp-ambn
Hcn-°epw s]mcp-Ø-s∏-SpI t]mbn´v tIh-
e-samcp Xmc-X-ay-Øn\v t]mepw ]gp-Xn-√m-
Ø aX-k-ao-]-\-ß-fmWv atX-X-c-Xzhpw \m-
\m-Xz-Øn¬ GI-Xzhpw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-
h--cn¬\n∂pw A[n-Im-cn-I-fn¬\n∂pw ]-e-
t∏m-gpw D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
""k¿°m¿ hnZym- ymk kwhn-[m-\-Øn\v
Io-gn-ep≈ _rl-Ømb kam-¥-c-hn-Zym-
`ymk kwhn-[m-\-ßfpw IqSp-X¬ i‡n
]m-]n-°p-∂p-≠v. 1977-¬ B¿.Fkv.Fkv
ÿm]n® hnZym -`m -cXn (hn -Zym -`m -cXn
AJn¬ `mc-Xob in£≥ k≥kvX≥)
lrZ-b-ß-fn-¬ h¿Ko-b-X-bp-sSbpw lnµp
tZio-b-hm-Z-Øn-s‚bpw hnj-hn-Øp-Iƒ
]mIp-∂p-≠v. C-h-cpsS 28000tØmfw hcp∂
hnZym-e-b-ß-fn¬ GXm≠v 1,60,000-tØmfw
A[ym-]-I-¿ tPmen sNøp-∂p. antkm-dm-an¬
HgnsI C-¥y-bn¬ F√m kwÿm-\Øpw
hnZym-`m-c-Xn ÿm]-\-ß-fp-≠v.
lnµpXz ]XybimkvX-tØmSpw tZio-
b-X-tbmSpw A¿∏W at\m-`m-h-ap≈ Hcp
Xe-ap-dsb hm¿sØ-Sp-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ Hcp
tZiob hnZym-`ymk kwhn-[m\w hf¿Øn-
sb-Sp-°p-I-bmWv Xß-fpsS e£y-sa∂v
hnZym-`m-cXn A¿Y-i-¶-°n-S-bn-√m-Ø-hn[w
hy‡-am-°p-∂p. hnZym-`m-c-Xn-bpsS hyh-
ÿm--]n-X-amb hf¿® hnZym-`ymk taJ-e-
bn¬ ]nSn-ap-dp-°p-∂-Xns\ kwL-]-cn-hmcw
F-¥p-amXw Kuc-h-Øn-emWv ImWp-∂Xv
F∂-Xn\v hy‡-amb sXfn-hm-Wv. hnZym-`m-
c--Xnsb IqSmsX Hmtcm kwÿm-\-Øn-s‚-
bpw ]tZ-i-Øn-s‚bpw kmaq-lnI cm-jv-So-
b khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ°\p-k-cn®v hyXy-kvX-
\m-a-ß-fn¬ ]cn-hm-c-Øns‚ hnZym-e-b-߃
]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. kc-kzXn inip-a-µn¿,
_m“-W-s\tbm iqZ-s\-
tbm Nfim-f-t\tbm Ipdn-®-
√ Ckvemw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu
temIsØ lnµphpw In-kv-
Xym-\nbpw blq-Z\pw ssP-
\-\pw _p≤\pw kn°p-Im-
c\pw ]mgvknbpw F∂p-th-
≠ aX-ap-≈-h\pw C√m-Ø-
h\pw Cuiz-cs\ \ntj-[n-
°p∂ \mkvXn-I\pw Bcm-
I-s´ F√m-hcpw Hcm-Wn-¬-
\n-∂pw s]Æn-¬-\n-∂pw D¤-
hn-®-XmWv F∂mWv Ckv-em-
ans-‚ ]Jym-]-\w.
2013 tabv 29
[m-\ sh√p-hn-fn-I-fn-sem-∂mWv \mw hm-bn-
®-Xv. h¿Ko-b-hm-Zn-I-fpsS amXw A°u-≠n-
¬ tN¿°m-hp-∂-XmWv CsX-¶n¬ Biz-kn-
°m-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ \nba˛`-c-W-kw-hn-
[m-\-߃ hsc C¥y≥ atX-X-c-XzsØ tNm-
Zyw sNøp∂ coXn-bn¬ FØ-s∏- p-sh-¶n¬
C¥y≥ atX-X-c-Xz-Øns‚ A¿Yhpw bm-
Ym¿Yyhpw F¥v F∂ tNmZyw ]ns∂-bp-w
Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p.
Ckvemapw atX-X-c-Xzhpw
atX-X-cXzw F∂ hm°n-\-∏p-dØv aX-
ß--fp-sSbpw Z¿i-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ]c-kv]-c-
ap≈ kao-]-\-co-Xn-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv \mw C-
Xp-hsc N¿® sNbvX-Xv. Ckvem-ans‚ ]c-
a-X kao-]-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿®-Iƒ°v
apºmbn Ckvemw F∂m¬ F¥mWv F∂v
km-am-\y-co-Xn-bn¬ Adntb≠-Xp-≠v. F-∂m-
¬ amXsa atX-X-cXz N¿®-Iƒ A[-c-hym-
bm-a-ß-fn¬\n∂v ap‡-ambn ]mtbm-Kn-I-Po-
hn-X-Øn¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bq.
]]-©-Ønse kI-e-N-cm-N-c-߃°pw
Ir-Xy-amb hyh-ÿbpw I¿a-ßfpw \n›-
bn-® ]]© kjvSmhv a\p-jys\ Cu qan-
bn¬ Pohn-°m≥ \ntbm-Kn-®-Xp- ap-X¬
]men-t°-≠p∂ \nb-a-߃ \¬In-s°m-≠n-
cp-∂p. a\p-jy¿°v ssZhn-I-k-tµ-i-߃ \-
¬-Ip-∂-Xn\v th≠n A√mlp a\p-jy-cn¬\n-
∂p Xs∂-bmWv am¿K-Z¿in-Isf Xnc-s™-
Sp-Ø-Xv. BZysØ a\p-jys\ AYhm apgp-
h≥ a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw ]nXm-hn-s\-bmWv H∂m-
asØ am¿K-Z¿in-bmbn A√mlp \ntbm-
Kn-®-Xv. a\p-jy-hw-i-Øns‚ hnImk ]cn-
W-ma L -ß-fn-se√mw A√mlp A]-Imcw
Hmtcm am¿K-Z¿in-Isf \ntbm-Kn-®p. B am-
¿-K-Z¿in-I-fm-bn-cp∂p \_n-am¿ AYhm ]-
hm--N-I≥am¿. ]e tZi-ß-fn¬, kaq-l-ß-
`m-c-Xob hnZym-\n-tI-X≥, KoXm
hnZym--e-b, kc-kzXn _me-hn-Zym-eb
XpS-ßn-bh DZm-l-c-Ww. 1966-¬-X-
s∂ hnZym-`m-cXn ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ß-
sf--°p-dn®v F≥.kn.C.B¿.Sn \S-
Ønb Hcp ]T-\-Øn¬, ]kvXpX
kw-kvIm-c-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hnZym- ym-
-kw F∂ t]cn¬ ]c-aX hntZz-j-
hp-w aX-`m-¥p-amWv hnZym¿Yn-I-fn-
te-°v ]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-sX∂v
Nq≠n--°m-Wn-®n-cp-∂p. 1528-\pw 1914-
\pw CS-bn¬ "cma-P-∑-`qan' Ip-d-™-
Xv 77 Xh-W-sb-¶nepw Itø-d-s∏-´p.
CXn-\n-S-bn¬ aq∂-c-e-£-tØmfw `-
‡-∑m¿ CXv ]Xn-tcm-[n-°m-\mbn
kz-Po-hn≥ _en-I-gn-®p XpS-ßnb
A-k-Xyhpw aX-hn-tZzjw hf¿Øp-
∂-Xp-amb `mK-ß-sf-°p-dn®v A∂v
Xs∂ Btcm-]-W-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cm-
Py--Øp-S-\ofw Cu kvIqfp-I-fn¬ G-
Io--IrX kne-_-kmWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-
∂-Xv. \nc-£-cX C√m-Xm-°m≥ th-
≠n-bp≈ k¿°m-¿ Kmt‚mSv IqSn-
bp-≈ A\u-]-Nm-cnI GIm-[ym-]I
hnZym-e-b-ß-fnepw kwL-]-cn-hm-c-
Øn\pw Ah-cpsS h¿Kob AP-≠-
I-ƒ°pw Imcy-amb kzm[o-\-ap-≠v.
a-[y-]-tZ-iv, OØo-kvKUv XpS-ßnb
kwÿm-\-ß-fn-enXv GXm≠ ]q¿-
W-a-m-Wv. CØcw hnZym-e-b-ß-fn¬
"k-c-kzXn hµ-\hpw' a‰v sslµ-h-
t«m--I-ßfpw b⁄-ßfpw \n¿_-
‘n-X-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. a[y-
]--tZ-in¬ 2007s‚ XpS-°-Øn-¬-X-
s∂ "kqcy-\-a-kvImcw' \n¿_-‘-am-
°n-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv 2009-¬ D®-`-£-
W--Øn\v apºv hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ kw-kv-
Ir--X-t«m-I-amb "t`mP-\-a¥w' Dcp-
hn-S-W-sa∂pw \n¿tZ-in-°-s∏-´p. C-
°--gn™ G]n-en¬ Nulm≥ k-¿-
°-m¿ F√m hnZym¿Yn-Ifpw \n¿_-
‘--ambpw "KoXm-kmcw' ]Tn-°-W-sa-
∂v DØ-c-hn-´p. CXn-s\-Xnsc Nne
kw-L-S-\-Iƒ tImSXnsb kao-]n-
s®--¶nepw Hcp GImwK _©v k¿-
°m-¿ DØ-chv icn-h-®p. ChnsS kw-
ÿm\ k¿hI-em-im-e-Iƒ kwL-
]--cn-hm-c-Øns‚ ]Nm-c-W-ß-fp-sS
]co-£-W-im-e-I-fm-sW∂p a\p-
jym-h-Imi ]h¿Ø-I¿ Btcm-]-
W-ap-∂-bn-°p∂p.''(5)
C¥y≥ atX-X-cXzw t\cn-Sp∂ ]-
A\o-Xnbpw AXn-I-a-ß-
fpw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m-\mbn
amXw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ C-
kv-em-anI bp≤-ß-fn¬-t]m-
epw ]c-aX klnjvWpX hy-
‡-ambn ]I-S-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Bcm-[-\m-e-b-߃ XI¿°-
cp-sX∂pw Bcm-[\m\na-·-
cm-b-hsc D]-Z-hn-°-cp-sX-
∂pw Ckvem-ans‚ bp≤-\n-b-
a-ß-fn¬ ][m-\-s∏-´-Xm-Wv.
2013 tabv 30
fn-¬ ]e Ime-ß-fn¬ e£-Øn-¬-
]-cw ]hm-N-I-h-cy≥am¿ P∑w-sIm-≠p.
]hm-N-I≥ \ntbm-Kn-X-cm-hmØ
Hcp kaq-lhpw Ign-™p-t]m-bn- n-s√-
∂v Izp¿-B≥ ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p (Izp-
¿-B≥ 16:36). ]hm-N-I≥am¿ F√mw
]Tn-∏n-®Xv Htc ktµ-i-am-bn-cp-∂p.
]-hm-NI IÆn-bnse Ah-km-\-
sØ ]hm-N-I-\mWv apl-ΩZv \-_n-
. At±-l-Øn\v kjvSm-hmb A-
√m-lp Ah-X-cn-∏n®v sImSpØ K-
Ÿ-am-Ip∂p Izp¿-B≥. a\p-jy¿°v
icn-bmb hnizm-khpw hI-X-bn-√m-
Ø I¿a-ßfpw a\pjy]Ir-Xn°v
A-\p-tbm-Py-amb \nba \n¿tZ-i-ß-
fpw Izp¿-B-\n-eqsS a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn-
\v A√mlp \¬In. Izp¿-B-\nse
h-N-\-߃°v ]mtbm-KnI cq]w kz-
¥w Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS apl-ΩZv Im-
Wn--®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. apl-ΩZv \-_n-°p
tijw C\n-sbmcp ]hm-N-I≥ hcm-
\n-√m-ØXpsIm≠v At±-l-Øn\v
A-h-Xo¿W-amb KŸw Hcp am‰-
Øn-cp-Ø-ep-an-√msX temIm-h-km\w
hsc \ne-\n¬°p-sa∂v Izp¿-B-\n-
eqsS A√mlp Adn-bn-®p. CXmWv
C-kvemw. Ckvemw apl-ΩZv \_nÿm]n® aX-a-√-. adn®v a\p-jym-cw-
`w apX¬ \ne-\n-∂p-t]m∂ ssZhnI
am-¿K-Z¿i-\-amWv Ckvemw. A-√m-
lp ]d-bp∂p:
""\qln-t\mSv A\p-im-kn-®n- p-≠m-
bn--cp-∂Xpw Znhy-k-tµiw hgn C-t∏m-
ƒ Xm¶-fn-te-°-b-®n-´p-≈Xpw C_v-
dm-low, aqk, Cuk F∂n-h-tcm-S-
\p-im-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-amb AtX kXy-
k-cWn Xs∂ \n߃°v \nb-an®v
X∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu kXy-a-XsØ \n-
e-\n¿Øp-I. CXn¬ n∂n-°-cpXv.''(6)
Ckvemw ssZh-t]m-‡-amb aX-
am-b-X-p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ AXnse Bi-
b-߃ kpXm-cy-am-Wv. ""CXm-Ip∂
K-Ÿw CXn¬ kwi-bta C√. kq-
£v-am-ep-°ƒ°v am¿K-Z¿i-\-am-Wn-
Xv.''(7)
kpµ-c-amb hm°p-Iƒ D]-tbm-
Kn®v P\-ßsf sX‰p[cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
]tbm-K -Øn¬ AXn\v FXncv
]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ k-ao-
]\w Ckvem-an-\n-√. Ckvemw bmYm-
¿-Yy--߃ aqSn-sh-°p-Itbm hf-s®m-
Sn-°p-I-tbm sNømsX \ne-]mSv hy‡-am-°p-
∂p. F√m a-X-ßfpw H∂mWv Ft∂m GXv
am¿Kw kzoI-cn-®mepw kz¿K-Øn¬ t]mIm-
sat∂m C-kvemw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. Izp¿-B≥
]d-bp-∂p: ""A√m-lp-hn¬ kzoIm-cy-amb
aXw C-kv-emw amX-am-Ip∂p.''(8) P\-ß-fpsS
Iø-Sn-bpw ]qam-ebpw e`n-°p-∂-Xn\v th≠n
k¿haX kXy-hmZw ]kw-Kn-°p∂ aX-t\-
X-m-°ƒ hsc Ah-cpsS ]h¿Ø-\-߃ h-
gn Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßsf \ntj-[n-
°p--∂-h-cm-Wv. k¿ha-X-k-Xy-hm-Z-Øns‚
h‡m-°ƒ Ah-cpsS aX-Øn¬ XpS-cp-∂-
Xpw AXn¬ A`n-am-\n-°p-∂Xpw AXns‚
A\p-bm-bn-Isf BI¿jn-°p-∂Xpw Ah¿
kz¥w aXsØ D∂-Xhpw al-Ø-c-hp-ambn
ImWp-∂-XvsIm-≠m-Wv. As√-¶n-¬-X-s∂
GI-\mb A√m-lp-hns\ am-Xw Bcm-[n-
°--W-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Ckvemapw, ]n-Xm-
hpw ]pX\pw ]cn-ip--≤m-flm-hp-amb aq∂v
ssZ-h-ßsf B-cm-[n-°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp∂
In-kv-Xp-a-X-hpw, ap∏-Øn-ap-t°mSn ssZh-ß-
fp≈ lnµp-a-Xhpw AXn¬Xs∂ Pohm-flm-
hpw ]c-am-flmhpw H∂m-sW-∂v kn≤m-¥n-
°p-∂ AssZz-X-hpw Cuiz-ct\ Cs√∂v hn-
iz-kn-°p-∂ IWmZ Z¿i-\hpw (Nm¿hm-Iw)
H-tc t]mse kXy-am-hp-∂-sX-ßs\?
Ckvemw amX-amWv bYm¿Y tam-£--am-
¿-K-sa∂v ]kvXm-hn-°p∂ Izp¿-B-\n¬-X-
s∂ CX-c-k-aq-l-tØmSv kln-jvWp-X-tbm-
S-pw kmtlm-Z-cy-tØm-sSbpw h¿Øn-°-W-
sa-∂p-IqSn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.
""a\p-jysc \nß-fpsS \mYs\ kq-£n-
A`n-]mbkzmX¥yw F∂v
]d-bp-tºmƒ shdpsX hmb
sIm≠v ]d-bm-\p≈ kzmX-
¥y-am-sW-∂mWv A¿Y-am-
°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv al-
Øm-sbmcp Bi-b-sam-∂p-a-
√. A`n-]mbw \ymb-sa-¶n¬
AXv \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm≥ k-
∂-≤-X-bp-≈n-SØv amXsa
A`n-]m-b-kzm-X-¥yw AwKo-
I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂v ]d-
bm-≥ Ign-bq.
2013 tabv 31
°p-I. Hscm‰ Bflm-hn¬-\n-∂v \n-
ß-sf krjvSn-°p-Ibpw AtX B-
flm--hn¬\n-∂p-Xs∂ AXns‚ C-W-
sb krjvSn-°p-Ibpw Ah c≠n-¬-
\n--∂p-ambn [mcmfw kvXo]p-cp-j-≥-
am-sc temIØv hym]n-°p-I-bpw sN-
bv-X-h-\sX Ah≥.''(9)
a\p-jy-cn¬ Db¿∂-h-\m-b _m-
“-W-s\tbm Xmgv∂-h-\mb iqZ-
s\-tbm a\p-jyt\ A√mØ N-fim-
f-t\tbm Ipdn-®√ Ckvemw ]d-bp-
∂--Xv. Cu temIsØ lnµphpw In-
kvXym-\nbpw blq-Z\pw ssP-\-\p-w
_p≤\pw kn°p-Im-c\pw ]mgv-kn-bpw
F∂p-th≠ aX-ap-≈-h\pw C-√m-Ø-
h\pw Cuiz-cs\ \ntj-[n-°p∂ \m-
kvXn-I\pw Bcm-Is´ F√m-hcpw H-
cm-Wn¬\n∂pw s]Æn¬\n∂pw D¤-
hn-®-Xm-Wv F∂ ]Jym-]-\w.
Ccp-]-Øn-sbm∂mw \q‰m-≠nepw
a\p-jy-s\ X´p-I-fm°n hn -Pn-°p∂
Pm-Xo-b-X-°pw h¿Wm-ia [¿a-Øn-
\pw atX-X-c-Xz-Ø-ns‚ tae-¶n-b-Wn-
bn-®XpsIm-≠p-amXw D®-\o-NXzw
Ah-km-\n-°-n-√. sh≈-°m-cs‚ ap-
¥nb tlm´-ep-I-fn¬ IdpØ h¿K-
°m--c-\v ]th-i-\m-\p-aXn \ntj-[n-
°p∂ \mK-cnI ]m›m-Xy≥ kwk-
vIm--csØ ]cn-h-¿-Øn--∏n-°m≥ \nco-
iz-c atX-XchmZ-Øn\v I-gn-™-Xp-
an--√. ]s£ ]Xn-\mev \q‰m-≠p-I-ƒ-
°p-apºv Izp¿-B-\n¬ AXv ]Jym-
]n-°-s∏´p F∂v amX-a√ km£m-
XvI-cn-°-s∏- p. FtXym-]y-°m-c-\mb
I-dpØ _nem¬ D∂-X-Ip-e-Pm-X-
\m-b A_q-_-°¿, t]¿jy-°m-c-
\mb k¬am≥ F∂n-ß-s\ FX-
sbX a\p-jy¿ hyXykvX kw-kvImcw io-
en--®-h¿, Kmao-W¿, \K-c-hm--kn-Iƒ Hcp
hyXym-k-hp-an-√msX D®-\o-N-Xz-ß-fn-√msX
AXm-bn-cp∂p Izp¿-Bs‚ B-ibw kaq-l-
Øn-¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®p-sIm-≠v ]hm-N-I≥
h-f¿Øn-sb-SpØ kaq-lw. ]hm-N-I≥ X-
s∂ a\p-jy-k-aq-lsØ D]-an-®Xv No-¿∏-n-
s‚ ]√p-Iƒ t]mse Xpey-cm-Wv F√m a\p-
j-ycpw F∂m-Wv.
]hm-N-Is‚ ImeØv amXw D≠m-tI-
≠ Hcp Ah-ÿ-bm-b√ Ckvemw AXns\
I-≠-Xv adn®v Ah-km\ \mfphsc Ckvem-
ans‚ kmaq-ln-I-Im-gvN-∏mSv AØ-c-Øn-ep-
≈-Xmh-Ww. F√m-hcpw Htc-h¿K-°m¿, Hcp
Ip-Spw-_-Ønse AwK-߃. ]hm-N-I≥ ]-
d-™p: ""\n›bw \nß-fpsS ssZhw GI-
\m-Wv \nß-fp-sS-sb√mw ]nXmhpw Hcmƒ
Xs∂. F√mhcpw BZ-an¬\n-∂p-≈-h-cmWv;
B-Z-am-Is´ aÆn¬\n∂pw. AXn-\m¬ sh-
fp-Ø-h\v Idp-Ø-h-t\-°mtfm Ad-_n°v
A-\-d-_n-tb-°mtfm bmsXmcp tijvT-X-
bp-an√; ssZh-`-‡n-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e-
√msX.''(10)
]hm-N-I≥ GI-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS k-
tµ-iw P\-ß-tfmSv ]t_m-[\w sNbvX-
t∏m-ƒ At±-l-Øns‚ P\X At±-lsØ
h-[n-°m≥ KqVm-tem-N\ \S-Øn. CXv a\-
n-em-°nb ]hm-N-I≥ ssZh-\n¿tZim-\p-
k-cWw P\n® \m´n¬\n∂v ]mem-b\w sN-
bvXp. iXp-°ƒ At±-lsØ hnSm≥ Hcp-
°--a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]pXnb Xma-k-ÿ-eØpw
A--h¿ ]hm-N-Is\ D]-Z-hn-°m-s\-Øn. k-
Xy--hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v BZ¿i kwc-£-W-Øn-
\v th≠n bp≤m-\-paXn \¬I-s∏-´p. kXy-
]-hm-N-I\v ]]© kjvSm-hns‚ Dt±-iy--
a-\p-k-cn®v hnPbw e`n-®p. 10 h¿j-߃°p-
tijw Xs∂ tZtlm-]-Z-h-ta¬]n-°p-Ibpw
A-]-am-\n-°p-Ibpw h[n-°m≥ ian-°p-I-
bpw sN-bv-X \m´p-Im¿ ]hm-N-Is‚ cm-jv-
So--bm-[n-Im-c-Øn≥ Iogn-em-bn. H∂-S¶w
Ahsc D≥aq-e\w sNøm-am-bn-cp-∂n-´pw ]-
hm--N-I≥ AXv sNbvXn-√. ]-hm--N-Is‚ a-
X-sØ FXn¿Ø-h¿ ]-hm-N-I≥ ITn-\-
ambn shdp-°p-Ibpw G‰hpw A[nIw hn-a-
¿-in-°p-Ibpw sNbvX BNm-c-amb hnK-lm-
cm-[\ kzo-I-cn-®-h¿. ]hm-N-I≥ A∂m-´p-
Im-¿°v s]mXp-am∏v \¬In. Ncn-X-Øn¬
Xp-ey-X-bn-√mØ DZm-c-amb k-ao-]-\w- ssI-
s°m≠v A¥y-\mƒ h-sc-bp≈ kIe a\p-
jy-¿°pw am-Xr-I ImWn-®p. Cu HuZm-cy-
Ø-n\v \-_nsb t]cn-∏n-®Xv atX-X-cXzw
F-∂ Bi-b-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. aXw X-s∂--bm-
a[y-]q¿h tZisØ In-kv-
Xp-aX hnizm-kn-Iƒ ap-kv-
enw `c-W-Øn\v Iogn¬ k-
ºq-¿W kzmX-¥yw A\p-`-
hn-®n-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-
Xs∂ tdma-°m-cpsS a¿ZI
`c-W-tØ-°mƒ \√Xv C-kv-
em-ans‚ B[n-]-Xy-amWv F-
∂v Xpd∂v ]d-bm\pw Ah-cn-
se DØ-c-hm-Z-s∏-´-h¿ a-Sn-
Im-Wn-®n-√.
2013 tabv 32
bn-cp-∂p. AsX Ckvemw aX-Øn-
s‚ Ah-km-\sØ ]hm-N-I≥ Ah-
k-m\ thZ-K-Ÿ-amb Izp¿-B-\n-I
kq-‡-߃°v Pohn-Xw-sIm≠v `m-
jy-w cNn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
`qcn-]£w hcp∂ _lp-ssZh-hn-
izm-kn-Iƒ apkvenw-Isf ssZhn-I-\n-
b-a-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°m≥ kΩ-
Xn-®n-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ apkvenw-I-ƒ-
°v B[n-]Xyw e`n-®-t∏mƒ F√m
a-X--°m¿°pw Bcm-[\m kzmX¥yw
A-\p-h-Zn-®p. Ckvem-an\v \qdv iX-
am--\w B[n-]-Xy-ap≈ Hcp cmjvS-Øn-
se \nb-a-߃°v ASn-ÿm-\-amb
Izp-¿-B-\nse hN-\-߃ i≤n-°p.
""aX-Øn¬ Hcp hn[ \n¿_-‘-
hp-an-√. k≥am¿Kw Zp¿am¿Kß-fn¬
\n-∂v th¿Xn-cn™v Ign-™n-cn-°p-
∂p.''(11)
""Xm¶ƒ hnfw-_cw sNøpI: CXv
\n--ß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn¬\n-∂p≈ k-
Xy--am-Ip-∂p. CjvS-ap-≈-h¿°nXv kzo-
I-cn°mw CjvS-ap-≈-h¿°v \ntj-
[n°mw.''(12)
]hm-N-I\v t]mepw ssZhn-I-k-
tµ-iw FØn-°pI F∂-Xn¬ Ihn-
™v P\-ßsf \n¿_-‘n®v aXw
kz-o-I-cn-∏n-°m≥ A\p-hm-Z-an-s√∂pw
Izp-¿-B≥ A¿Y-i-¶-°n-S-bn-√mØ
hn-[w ]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.
""ssZhnI ktµiw kv]jvS-ambn
Adn-bn-°-e-√msX as‰-s¥-¶nepw
ssZh-Zq-X≥am-cpsS _m[y-X-bn-eq-
t≠m?''(13)
""AYhm Ah¿ ]n¥n-cn-™p-t]m-
hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ns∂ Ah-cpsS
ta¬t\m- -°m-c-\mbn \mw \ntbm-Kn-
®n--´n-√. ktµiw FØn-t°-≠ _m-
[y-X amXsa \n\-°p≈q.''(14)
""ktµiw hy‡-ambn FØn-®p-
X--cp∂ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw amXsa \-Ωp-
sS ZqX-\p-≈q.''(15)
""P\-߃ hnizm-kn-I-fm-hm≥ Xm-
¶ƒ Ahsc \n¿_-‘n-°p-I-tb-m?
A√mlp Dt±-in-®m-e-√msX Bcpw
hn-iz-kn-°n√.''(16)
""\_ntb Xm¶ƒ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I. Xm¶ƒ DZvt_m-
[-I≥ amX-am-Wv. Ahsc \n¿_-
‘n®v t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°-p∂hs\m-
∂p-a√ Xm¶ƒ.''(17)
CX-c-a-X-ß-tfm-Sp≈ Ckvem-ans‚ kao-
]-\-߃°v cq]w sImSp-°p∂ Izp¿-B-\nI
hN-\-ß-fn¬ Nne-XmWv apI-fn-ep-≤-cn-®-Xv.
a-\pjy≥ GXm≠v GXv hnizm-km-Z¿i-ß-
ƒ ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xn\pw ASn-ÿm-\-Im-c-
Ww A√m-lp-hns‚ \n›-b-am-sW∂v Izp¿-
B-≥ a\p-jy-sc ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm-
≠p--Xs∂ am\p-jn-I-amb CS-]m-Sp-I-fn¬
sImSp-°¬ hmß-ep-I-fn¬ kl-I-c-Whpw
hn´p-ho-gvNbpw AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-sW-∂-pw
hn`m-Kob Nn¥-Iƒ°v AhnsS ÿm\-an-s√-
∂p-amWv Izp¿-B≥ \¬Ip∂ ktµiw. G-
sd ]mSn ]pI-gvØ-s∏-Sp∂ atX-X-c-Xz-Øn-
s‚ h‡m-°-fpsS atX-X-cXz kao-]\w hn-
tZz-j-߃°pw D≥aq-e\ ]In-b-Iƒ°pw
Imc-W-am-b-t∏mƒ Ckvem-ans‚ aX-k-ao-]-
\-߃ kln-jvWp-Xm-]-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.
CXn\v Imc-Ww hy‡n-]-c-ambn B-tcm-
Spw iXpX ]pe¿Øp-∂n√ F-∂-Xm-Wv. Xn-
∑--I-tfmSv amX-amWv C-kvemw iXpX ]p-
e-¿Øp-∂-Xv. i-Xp-°ƒ hsc Bfl-an-X-ß-
fm-I-W-sa-∂mWv Ckvemw BK-ln-°p-∂-
Xv. "Xn∑sb \-∑-sIm≠v ]Xn-tcm-[n--°pI
A-t∏m-ƒ \ns‚ G‰hpw henb iXp \n-
s‚ Bfl-an-X-ambn Xocpw' F∂-m-Wv Izp¿-
B\ns‚ A-[ym-]-\w. ]hm-N-Is‚ I-SpØ
F-Xn--cm-fnbpw At±-lsØ hI-h-cp-Øm≥
]pd-s∏-´-h-\p-am-bn-cp∂p Da¿. D-a-dns‚ am\-
km-¥-c--Øn\v th≠n-bmWv ]hm-N-I≥ A-
√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m¿Yn-®-Xv. ITn-\-i-Xp-hmb
D-a¿ ]n-∂oSv ]hm-N-Is‚ ASpØ A\p-
N-c-\mbn amdn-bXv N-cn-Xw.
apkvenw hntcm[w ]kw-Kn-°p-I-bp-w ]-
≈n--Iƒ XI¿°m≥ AWn-I-sf Blzm\w
sNøp-Ibpw hwi-l-Xy--Isf \ymbo-I-cn-°p-
Ckvem-an-s\bpw AXns‚
tkmX- p-I-sfbpw kXy-k-
‘-amb Ncn-X-am]n-\n-Iƒ
D]-tbm-Kn-®p-]Tn-®m¬ C-kv-
em-ans‚ kXy-Xbpw ssZhn-
I-Xbpw kuµ-cyhpw a\- n-
em-Ipw. Ie¿∏n-√mØ P-
ehpw ip≤-amb hmbphpw
kpXm-cy -amb shfn-®hpw
\mw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂Xv
t]mse Ie¿∏n-√mØ hnizm-
k-hpw \mw Xnc-s™-Sp-t°-
≠-Xm-Wv F∂mWv _p≤n \-
tΩmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
2013 tabv 33
Ibpw sNøp-∂ FXtbm lnµpXz
t\-Xm-°-fp-≠v. \tcµ tamUn, ]-
ho-¨ sXmKm-Un-b, A[zm\n Xp-S-
ßn tIc-f-Øn-se iin-Ie So®¿ h-
sc CkvemwaX hntZzjw ]c-ky-am-
bn ]Jym-]n-°p-I-bpw X¬]-c-I-£n-
I-ƒ AXv C‚-¿-s\-‰n-eqsS ]N-cn-
∏n--°p-Ibpw sN-øp--∂p. kzm`m-hn-I-am-
bpw CØcw B-fp--I-tfmSv Rm\-S-°-
ap≈ apkvenw-Iƒ°v hntbm-Pn∏pw
F-Xn¿∏p-ap≠v; hf-sc-b-[n-Iw. F-
∂m-¬ Ckvem-an-s\--°p-dn®v \njv-]-
£-ambn ]Tn®v kXyw a\- n-em°n
ssZh-am¿K-Øn-te°v Ch¿ IS-∂p-
h-∂m¬ apºv sN-bvX AI-a-߃
Im-cWw R߃ A-h-cpsS Ckvem-
am-t«-j-W-Øn\v Hcp ]Xn-_-‘-am-
Ip-I-bn-√. F∂pam-X-a√ kz¥w k-
tlm-Z-c-ß-sf-t]m-se R߃ kzoI-
cn-°pw. CXv ]d-bm--\p≈ ImcWw
apkvenw-Iƒ \yq-\-]-£-am-b-Xp-sIm-
≠-√, A¥y-]-hm-N-Is‚ ]mT-߃
Dƒs°m-≠-Xn-\m-em-Wv. Atd-_y-
bn¬ Ckvem-an\v Bflo-bhpw cm-
jv-So-b-hp-amb A[n-Imcw ssIh-∂-
t∏mƒ ]hm-N-Is‚ ]n-Xr-hy\mb
lwksb Hfn-b-sº-bv-Xv NXn-bn¬
sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Ønb h-lv-in F∂-bmƒ
C-kvemw Bt«-jn-®p-. ]q¿hIme ap-
kvenw-Iƒ°pw ]hm--N-I\pw Hcn-°-
epw ad-°m-\m-hm-Ø \jvS-߃°pw
Zpx-J߃°pw Im-c-W-amb hlvin
A∂pap-X¬ Ckvem-anI kaq-l-Øn-
se F√m-h-cmepw BZ-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂
hy‡n-bmbn amdn. temIm-h-km\w
h--sc-bp≈ apkvenw-Ifpw hlvin-
bpsS t]-cv tI´m¬ At±-l-Øn\v
A\p-Klw sNmcn-bm≥ ]m¿Yn-°m-
≥ A\p-im-kn-°-s∏-Sp-amdv kzlm-
_n-I-fn¬ Hcm-fmbn At±lw amdn.
Hcn-°¬ Hcp blq-Z-s‚ ih-a-©w
hln-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ish ]hm-N-
I≥ _lp-am-\--]p-c- cw Fgp-t∂-‰p-
\n--∂p. blq-Z¿ A-°m-e-ß-fn¬ C-
kv-em-ans‚ ISpØ FXn-cm-fn-I-fm-bn-
cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ A\p-N-c≥am¿ ]hm-N-
I-t\mSv tNmZn-®p: "A√tbm ]hm-
N-Isc A-Xv Hcp blq-Zs‚ arX-tZ-
l-as√?
]hm-N-I≥ adp-]Sn ]d-™p: A-
sX, F-¶n-epw At±lw Hcp a\p-jy-
]p-X-\s√?
A\o-Xnbpw AXn-I-a-ßfpw Ah-km-\n-
∏n-°m-\mbn amXw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Ckvem-
an-I bp≤-ß-fn¬t]mepw ]c-aX klnjv-
Wp-X hy‡-ambn ]I-S-am-bn-cp-∂p. Bcm-
[-\m-e-b-߃ XI¿°-cp-sX∂pw Bcm-[-\m-
-\na-·-cm-b-hsc D]-Z-hn-°-cp-sX∂pw C-kv-
em-ans‚ bp≤-\n-b-a-ß-fn¬ ][m-\-s∏- -Xm--Wv.
hnizmkkzmX¥yw Ckvem-anIcmjvSw
Aapkvenw ]uc≥am¿°v Dd-∏p-sIm-Sp-°p-
∂-p. AXv tIhew am\-kn-I-ambn Ah¿
G-Xv aX-Ønepw hniz-kn-°p-Itbm Bcm-
[\ \S-Øp-Itbm sNbvXp-sIm-≈s´ F∂
\ne-°-√. hy‡n-]-c-ambpw IpSpw-_-]-c-am-
bpw kmaq-ln-I-ambpw DS-se-Sp-°p∂ kn-hn-
¬, Inan-\¬ ]iv\-ß-fn¬t]mepw A-ap-
kv-enwIƒ°v Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p∂ thZ-K-
Ÿ-ß-fnse \nb-a-߃ A\p-k-cn®v hn[n
]-d-bm\pw Aßs\ Ah-cpsS kaq-l-a-\-
n-s‚ Xr]vXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bp≈ aX-\n-b-a-
ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ Bflo-bhpw cmjvSo-
b-hp-amb kzmX-¥y-Øn¬ Pohn-°m-\p-≈
A--h-Im-ihpw Ah¿°v \¬I-s∏-´p. A-Ø-
cw Imcy-ß-fn-sem∂pw C-kvem-anI `c-W-
Iq--Shpw \nb-a-hn-im-c-Z≥amcpw ssI IS-Øn-
bn-cp-∂n-√. cmjvS-Øns‚ s]mXp-hmb ]-
iv-\-ß-fn¬ Ckvem-anI \nb-a-ß-f-\p-k-cn-
®mWv hn[n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXm-Is´ Aap-
kvenw-Iƒ amX-a√ ap-kv-enw-Ifpw Hcp t]m-
se _m[y-ÿ-am-bn-cp-∂p. temIØv C-kv-
em-anI \nb-a--߃ amX-amWv Aap-kvenw-
Iƒ°v knhn¬ Inan-\¬ ]iv\-ß-fn¬ A-
h-cpsS aX-K-Ÿ-a-\p-k-cn®v hn[n ]d-bm-\pw
\-S-∏m-°m\pw kzmX¥yw \-¬-In-b-Xv. ]u-
cm-Wn-Ihpw B[p-\n-I-hp-amb Hcp cmjvS-
Ønepw aX-]-c-amb hnime kzmX¥yw C-u
A-¿-Y-Øn¬ \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.
A`n-]mbkzmX¥yw F∂v ]d-bp--
]kw-K-ß-fnepw ]kvXm-h-
\-I-fnepw kpµ-c-amb C-¥y-
≥ atX-X-c-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v
]kw-Kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS I-¨-
ap-ºn¬ Xs∂-bmWv _m-_v-
dn akvPnZv XI¿°-s∏-´Xpw
Hcp hymg-h-´-°mew Ign-
™n-´pw k¿°m¿ AXv ]p-
\-¿\n¿an-°m-Ø-Xpw.
2013 tabv 34
tºmƒ shdpsX hmb sIm≠v ]d-
bm-\p≈ kzmX-¥y-am-sW-∂m-Wv
A¿Y-am-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv a-l--
Øm-sbmcp Bi-b-sam-∂p-a-√. A-`n-
-]mbw \ymb-sa-¶n¬ AXv \S-∏n¬
hcp-Øm≥ k∂-≤-X-bp-≈n-S-Øv
amXsa A`n-]m-b-kzm-X-¥yw Aw-
Ko-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂v ]d-bm≥
Ign-bq. A`n-]m-b-]-I-S-\-Øn-\p-ti-
j-w A\ym-b-ambn Bhiyw XS- -
s∏--Sp-Øm≥ ian-°p-tºmƒ c-W-Iq-
S-Øns‚ ]c-ky-amb Nmc-]-h¿Ø-
\-ambn amXsa AXns\ ImWm≥
I-gn-bq.
CØ-cp-W-Øn¬ \mw Imcy-ß-
sf bp‡n-]q¿hw A]-K-Yn-°p-tºm-
ƒ \ap°v a\- n-em-Ip∂ Hcp bm-
Ym-¿Yy-ap-≠v. aX-k-ln-jvWp-X, hn-
izm--k-kzm-X-¥yw, A`n-]m-b-kzm-X-
¥yw F∂nh bYm¿Y-Øn¬ km-£m-
XvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ckvemw hn`m-h-
\w sNøp∂ aX-k-ao-]-\-ß-fn¬ am-
X-amWv F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.
a[y-]u-ckvXy \mSp-I-fn¬ `oI-
c-hn-cp-≤-bp-≤-sa∂ t]cn¬ Iq -s°m-
e-]m-X-I-߃°v t\XrXzw sImSp-
°p-∂ ]m›mXy ssIkvXh cmjv-
S-t\Xm-°≥amcpw Ahsc sh≈ ]q-
-ip∂ am[y-a-ßfpw Ah-tcmSv A\p-
`m-hw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂hcpw Ah-cpsS
A-I-a-ßsf aX-hn-izm-k-Øns‚
t]cn¬ \ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂-hcpw Xß-
fp-sS ap≥Km-an-Iƒ°pw aX-t\-Xm-°-
ƒ°pw apl-ΩZv \_n sNbvX Hu-
Zm-cyhpw kln-jvWp-Xbpw Hm¿an-
°m-≥ ]Xn-⁄m-_-≤-am--Wv. apkv-
enw-Iƒs°-Xn-cn¬ mjn-Ãp-I-fp-sS
BI-aWw Ac-tß-dp-tºmƒ Ip‰-
I--c-ambn au\-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂-h¿ \-¬-
Ip∂ ktµiw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ah-
cp-sS au\w-Xs∂ [mcm-fw. F∂m¬
C-kvem-ans‚ ]-hm-N-I-t\mSv Ah-
cpsS aXhpw hy‡n-Xzhpw IS-s∏-´n-
cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ AXv hnkva-cn-s®-
¶n-epw. k¿ tXmakv B¿-tWmƒUv
F-gp-Xp∂p: ""apl-ΩZv Xs∂ ]e A-
d-_v ssI-k-vXhtKmX-ß-fp-ambpw
k‘n-bn-te¿s∏-´n-cp-∂p. Ah¿°v
A-t-±lw kwc-£-Whpw kz-¥w aX-
am-N-cn-°m-\p≈ kzmX-¥yhpw D-d-
∏p--h-cp-Øn. Ah-cpsS ]ptcm-ln-X-¿-
°p-≠m--bn-cp∂ khn-ti-jm-[n-Im-c-
Imcy-ß-sf bp‡n-]q¿hw
A]-K-Yn-°p-tºm-ƒ \ap°v
a\- n-em-Ip∂ Hcp bm-Ym-
¿Yy-ap-≠v. aX-k-ln-jvWp-X,
hn-izm-- k-kzm-X-¥yw, A`n-]m-
b-kzm-X-¥yw F∂nh bYm-
¿Y-Øn¬ km-£m-XvI-cn-°-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ckvemw hn`m-h-\w
sNøp∂ aX-k-ao-]-\-ß-fn-
¬ am-X-amWv F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.
ß-ƒ ]g-b-t]-mse \ne-\n¿Øn.''(18)
]hm-N-Is‚ DØ-cm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw ]hm-
N-Is‚ ]mX Xs∂-bmWv Cu hnj-b-Øn-
¬ ]n¥p-S¿∂Xv. ]hm-NI]mX ]n¥p-S-tc-
≠-Xv CkvemanI hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-
ÿm-\ine-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. ]hm-N-Is‚ hn-
tbm--Km-\-¥cw Ckvem-anI kaq-l-Øns‚
`c-W-km-c-Yy-ta-s‰-SpØ `c-Wm-[n-Imcn J-
en- A_q-_-°¿ lodm hmkn-I-fp-ambn
sN-bvX Icm-dn¬ "Ah-cpsS Bcm-[m-\m-e-
b-ßfpw I\o-kbpw iXp-°-fn¬\n∂v c£-
t\-Sm-\p≈ tIm´-Ifpw s]mfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-X-
√. aWn-b-Sn-°p-∂tXm s]cp-∂m-fn\v Ipcniv
F-gp-∂-≈n-°p-∂tXm XS-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-a√.'
F∂v tcJs∏SpØnbXmbn NcnXtc-J-I-
fn-¬ ImWmw.
Ckvem-ans‚ Cu \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ Im-cWw
ssIkvXh ktlm-Z-c-ß-ƒ-°v ssIkvXh
`-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-tf--°mƒ A\p-`m-hhpw Nm-
bv-hpw ap-kv-enw-I-tfm-Sm-bn-cp-∂p. a[y-]q¿h
tZ-i-sØ InkvXp-aX hnizm-kn-Iƒ ap-kv-
enw `c-W-Øn\v Iogn¬ kºq¿-W kzmX-
¥-yw A\p-`-hn-®n-cp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-
s∂ tdma-°m-cpsS a-¿-ZI `c-W-tØ-°mƒ
\-√Xv C-kv-em--ans‚ B[n-]-Xy-amWv F∂v
Xp-d-∂v ]d-bm\pw Ah-cnse DØ-c-hm-Z-s∏-
-h¿ aSnImWn-®n-√. ]¥≠mw \q‰m-≠ns‚
c≠mw ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ A-t¥-mIy-bnse bm-
t°m--_mb ]mXn-bm¿-°o-km-bn-cp∂ ssa-
°-¬, tdmam c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp∂ lndm-
¢n-b-kn-s‚ a¿ZI IY-Iƒ hnh-cn®v sIm--
≠v Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cß-s\-bmWv k-¿-h-i-‡-
2013 tabv 35
"cpZm-£-ame Igp-Ønepw
as‰m∂v a\- nepw' F∂ ]g-
sam-gnsb Hm¿-an-∏n-°p-amdv
t]-cnepw hni-Zo -I -c -W-
Ønepw kpµ-chpw ]m-tbm-
Kn-I-X-e-Øn¬ AXp-sIm-
≠p-t±-in-° --s∏-Sp∂ -- ew e-
`n-°m-Ø-Xp-amb "atX-X-c-
Xzw' Ckvem-an-en-√.
\pw a\p-jy-cpsS kmam-Py-ß-ƒ
Xs‚ lnX-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v am-‰n adn-
°p-∂-h\pw Xm≥ C—n-°p-∂-h¿°v
km-amPyw \¬Ip-∂-h\pw ]m-h-ß-
sf D≤-cn-°p-∂-h-\p-amb ]-Xn--Im-c-
Øns‚ ssZhw Civa-tb-ens‚ k-
¥m-\-ßsf, tdma≥ Ic-ß-fn-¬-\n∂v
\sΩ c£n-°m-\mbn, sX-°v \n∂v
sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. tdmam-°m¿ \-ΩpsS
N¿®p-Ifpw aT-ßfpw Ih-¿-® sNøp-
∂-Xpw \sΩ \n¿Zbw a¿Zn-°p-∂-
Xpw ssZhw t\m°n-Im-Wp-I-bm--bn-cp-
∂p. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ \ap-°-¬-∏-w \-
jv-Sw kw -hn-®n- p-s≠-¶n¬ A-Xv Im-
¬-kn-tUm-Wn-b≥ ]£Øv \n-∂v G-
¬-]n-°-s∏´ N¿®p-Iƒ Ah-cp-sS I-
øn-¬ Xs∂ tijn-°p-∂Xv sIm-≠v
D≠m-bXv amX-am-Wv. Ad-_-n-Iƒ \-
K-c-߃ A[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw ssIh-i-ap≈
N¿®p-Iƒ Aßs\ Xs∂ \ne-\n-
¿-Øn. GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw tdm-am--°m-
cp-sS Iqc-X-bn¬\n∂pw \oN-Xz-Øn-
¬-\n∂pw tcmj-Øn¬\n∂pw aX-m-
th-i-Øn¬\n∂pw c£ ]m]n-°-p-
I-bpw \mw kam-[m-\-Øn¬ Ign-bp-
-I-bpw sNøp-∂p-sh-∂Xv H´pw \n- m-
-c-Im-cy-a√.''(19)
Ckvem-an-s\bpw AXns‚ tkm-
X- p-I-sfbpw kXy-k-‘-amb Ncn-
X-am]n-\n-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-]Tn-®m¬
Ckvem-ans‚ kXy-Xbpw ssZhn-I-
X-bpw kuµ-cyhpw a\- n-em-Ipw.
hm--bphpw shfn-®hpw sh≈hpw Pm-
Xn a-X-t`-Zw t\m°msX k¿h-a-\p-
jy-¿°pw \-¬-Ip-∂ A√mlp Ah-
X-cn-∏n® \nb-a-ß-fn¬ ]£-t`Zw ImWm-
ØXv kzm`m-hnIw amXw. Ie¿∏n-√mØ
P-ehpw ip≤-amb hmbphpw kp-Xm-cy-amb
sh-fn-®hpw \mw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂Xv t]mse
Ie¿∏n-√mØ hnizm-khpw \m-w Xnc-s™-
Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv F∂mWv _p-≤n \tΩmSv
B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
"cpZm-£-ame Igp-Ønepw as‰m∂v a\-
nepw' F∂ ]g-sam-gnsb Hm¿-an-∏n-°p-amdv
t]-cnepw hni-Zo-I-c-W-Ønepw kpµ-chpw
]m-tbm-Kn-I-X-e-Øn¬ AXp-sIm-≠p-t±-in-
°--s∏-Sp∂ ^ew e`n-°m-Ø-Xp-amb "atX-
X-cXzw' Ckvem-an-en-√. Ckvem-an¬ atX-
X-c-Xz-an√; aX-amWv, aXw amX-am-Wp-≈-
Xv. AXm-Is´ ]m›m-Xyhpw ]uc-kvXy-hp-
am-b atX-Xc ImgvN-∏m-Sn-t\-°mƒ kpµ-c-
hpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hpw DZm-Øhpw D∂-X-hp-
am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ am\h kmtlm-
Z-cyhpw aqey-ß-fpsS ]p\x-ÿm-]-\hpw B-
K-ln-°p-∂-h¿ aX-\n-cm-k-Øn¬\n∂pw, aX-
\n-tj-[-Øn¬\n∂pw k¶p-NnX hwiob
tZiob Nn¥m-[m-c-I-fn¬\n∂pw a\p-jy-\n-
¿-anX aX-ß-fn¬\n∂pw tamNn-X-cm-hp-I. C-
kv-em-an-te°v hcn-I. a\p-jys‚ sFln-I-
hp-w ]mc-Xn-I-hp-amb tam£w Ckvem-an-eq-
sS-bmWv ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I.
Ref:1. F≥ssk-t¢m-]o-Unb _n´m-\n° mKw
c≠v, t]Pv 668
2. hn°n]oUn-b kzX¥ hn⁄m-\-tIm-iw
3. C-kvem-anI NcnX kwKlw: `mKw 3, t]Pv
273˛275, k¿hXv kueØv, sF.]n.F®v
tImgnt°mSv
4. ae-bmfw hn°n-]o-Un-b-
5. tX-Pkv ssZzhm-cnI 2012 am¿®v 1˛15, t]Pv
16,17
6. Izp¿-B≥ 42:13
7. Izp¿-B≥ 2:2
8. Izp¿-B≥ 2:2
9. Izp¿-B≥ 4:1
10. apkvenw, A_q-Zm-hq-Zv
11. Izp¿-B≥ 2:256
12. Izp¿-B≥ 18:29
13. Izp¿-B≥ 16:35
14. Izp¿-B≥ 42:48
15. Izp¿-B≥ 5:92
16. Izp¿-B≥ 10:99
17. Izp¿-B≥ 88:21,22
18. Ckvemw ]t_m-[-\hpw ]Nm-chpw: t]Pv
60
19. Michael the Editor, Vol II, p.p: 412, 413, D≤-
cWw: Ckvemw ]t_m-[-\-hpw, ]Nm-chpw
k¿, tXmakv B¿\ƒUv t]Pv: 67
2013 tabv 36
Aen sNΩmSv
""a\p-jy-hw-isØ kw_-‘n® Kth-j-W-Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏- BZysØ "a\p-
jy≥' \nbm-≠¿Øm¬Im-c-\mWv''(29) a\p-jy-N-cn-X-Øn¬ H∂m-a≥ \nbm-
≠¿Øm¬°m-c-\m-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv ae-bmfn bp‡n-hm-Zn-I-fpsS "]mT-]p-
kvXIhpw, ASn-ÿm-\-K-Ÿhp'amb bp‡n-Z¿i-\-amWv.(30) \nbm-≠¿Øm¬ a\p-
jy≥ Pohn-®Xv aq∂-c-e£w apX¬ Bdv e£w h¿j-߃°v apºm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-
∂mWv(31) ho°n-]o-Unb ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ a\- n-em-hp-I.
Bdv e£w h¿jw ]mb-ap≠v \ΩpsS ]]n-Xm-a-l-s\∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-
Ønse icn-sX-‰p-Iƒ hni-I-e\w sNøm-\√ \nbm-≠¿Øm¬ a\p-jys\ ChnsS
sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. tUm°n≥kns‚ ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ c≠mw A[ym-b-Øns‚ BZy-
`mKw N¿® sNøp-∂Xv ]cn-Wma aX-sØ-°p-dn®pw hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn®pw Um¿hn-
\p-apºv F¥vsIm-≠v Bcpw Nn¥n-°m≥ Xøm-dm-bn-√ F∂-Xm-Wv. At±lw XpS-
ßp-∂-Xn-ß-s\.
`mKw: 2
dn®m¿Uv tUm°n≥kns‚ qan-bnse G‰hpw alØmb Zriy-hn-kvabw: ]cn-Wm-a-Øns‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ
F∂ ]pkvXIw hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p
Krl]cn-]m-e\w ]cn-Wmahnizm-ksØ
\ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂pthm?
2013 tabv 37
""Um¿hn≥ cwK-sØ-Øm≥ F¥vsIm-
≠mWv CXbpw sshIn-bXv? At±-l-Øn-
s∂ c≠p Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°v apºv sFk°v
\yq´¨ cq]w \¬Inb KWnX kn≤m-
¥-߃ c≠v kl-km_vZw apºv B¿°-
sa-Uokv Ah-X-cn-∏n® ]pØ≥ Bi-b-
߃˛C-hsb°msfms° Zo]vXhpw efn-
X-hp-amb Hcp Bi-b-Øn-te°v FØn-
t®-cp-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw a\p-jy-cm-insb A-
X-bpw-Imew XS-™p-\n-dp-Øn-bXv F-¥m-
Wv?''(32)
a\pjyNcn-X-Øn\v \¬Inb Bdv e-
£-w h¿j-߃°nS-bn¬˛\mK-cn-IX a\p-
jys‚ Ncn-X-Øn∂v Xs∂ Ggm-bn-c-
tØm-ftam AXn-e-[n-Itam h¿j-ß-fpsS
]mb-ap-≠v tIhew 153 h¿jw apºv hsc
Hcmƒ°pw ]cn-Wm-a-sa∂ Bibw tXm-
∂n--bn√ F∂Xv bmZr—n-I-a-√. AXp-
t]mse Um¿hn\v ]cn-Wm-a-sa∂ B-i-
bw tXm∂n-bXpw bmZr—nIamhm≥ hgn-
bn--√. a\pjyss\k¿KnI-X-bn¬ A-Ø-
cw Bi-b-߃°v ÿm\-an√ F∂Xv X-
s∂-bmWv CX hnim-e-amb Ime-b-fhn¬
t]mepw a\p-jy\v CØ-c-samcp Nn¥ h-
cm--Xn-cn-°m≥ Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p-I. tUm-
°n-≥-kv ]d-bp-∂Xv Um¿hn\papºv C-Ø-
cw Bi-b-߃ Bcpw ]d-bm-Xn-cn-°m≥
ImcWw (Um¿hn-\p-apºv emam¿°n-b≥
Nn-¥-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xpw B Nn-
¥-I-f-psS kzm[o-\-amWv Um¿hns‚ Hdn-
Pn≥ Hm v kv]ojn-kn-te°v \bn-®Xv F-
∂p-ap≈ Imcyw ad-°p-∂n-√. tUm°n≥kv
A°m-cy-an-hnsS kqNn-∏n-°mXncn°p-∂-Xv
sIm≠p-Xs∂ AXn-te°v N¿® \ot´-
≠-Xn-√). Ko°v XØz-Nn-¥-Iƒ tπt‰m-
bpsS kØm-hm-Z-Øns‚ kzm[o-\-amWv
Ncn-X-Øn¬ Hcp Um¿hn≥ Db¿∂p-h-
cm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Imc-W-ambn ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
tUm°n≥kv \h Um¿hn-\n-k-Øn-
s‚- Ipe-]-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂ GWÃv sab-dn-
s\ D≤-cn®v ]d-bp-∂p: ""At±-l-Øns‚
A- n-]m-b-Øn¬ kØm-hm-Zw AYhm F-
-≥jy-enkw F∂p \mw hnfn-°p∂ ]m-
No-\ XØz-Nn¥m ]≤-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂p C-
°m-cy-Øn¬ apJy-]-Xn-_-‘-ambn \ne-
sIm-≠-Xv. ]cn-Wmaw I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-∂Xv
tπt‰mbpsS arX-I-c-ß-fm¬ XS-b-s∏-Sp-
I-bm-bn-bp-cp∂p''(33) XpS¿∂v tπt‰m-bpsS
k-Øm-hm-Z-sa-s¥∂ hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn-te-
°v t]mIp-∂p. `qan-bnse apb-ep-Iƒ b-
Ym-¿Y apb-ep-I-f-s√∂pw bYm¿Y BIm-
i apb-ens‚ tIhe ]Xn-∏p-I-fmWv qan-
bnse apb-ep-I-sf∂pw a‰p-ap≈ tπt‰m-
Wn-b≥ hmZ-ß-sf-s¥∂v \nc-Øp-∂p. A-
Ø-cw hmZ-ap-≈-h¿ C∂n√ F∂-Xv-sIm-
≠p-Xs∂ B N¿® A\m-h-iyam-Wv. A-
Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ \ap-°-X-h-K-Wn-°mw.
]s£ ]cn-Wm-a-sa∂ Bibw tπ-
t‰m-bpsS kØm-hmZw XS™p F∂
tUm-°n≥kn-s‚bpw sab-dn-s‚bpw Ah-
Im-i-hmZw bmsXm-c-Sn-ÿm-\-hp-an-√mØ
anYym-hm-Z-am-Wv. tπt‰m-bpsS Ime-L´w
_n.kn 423- 348 BsW∂v hn°n-]o-Unb
]-d-bp-∂p.(34) Ko°n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ tπt‰m-
bpsS apºp -Xs∂ temI-Øns‚
hyXykvX mK-ß-fn¬ CuPn-]vXv, sak-
s∏m-t´-an-b, bq^-´o-kv, ssSKnkv(35),
C≥Ukv hmen(36) bqtdm-]y≥ kwkvIm-
c-߃(37) \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. amX-a√ tπ-
t‰m-bpsS Ime-L-´-Øn-\p-tijhpw tπ-
t‰m-bpsS Bi-b-ß-f-dn-bmØ kwkvIm-
c-ßfpw P\-hn-`m-K-ßfpw `qan-bpsS hy-
Xy-kvX mK-ß-fn¬ Pohn-®n-cp-∂p. A°q-
-Øn¬ bp‡nhmZ ho£-W-]-Imcw tI-
h--e-\n-co-iz-c-Øne[n-jvTn-X-amb Zm¿i-\n-
I-Nn¥-Ifpw \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p.
`mc-Xob Zm¿i-\n-I-Xsb kw_-‘n-
®p Iayq-WnÃv bp‡n-hmZ ho£Ww
Ah uXn-I-hm-Z-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-Xhpw \nco-
iz-c-hm-Z-]-c-hp-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. C-
Ø-cw ]T-\-ß-fmWv Un.Un tImkmw_n,
]n. Zmtam-Z-c≥ XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS mc-Xob
Z¿i-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\-߃.
C°mcyw bp‡n-hmZ ASn-ÿm-\-]-
am-W-amb bp‡nZ¿i-\hpw hy‡-am-°p-
∂p-≠v. ""C¥y≥ Zm¿i-\nI ]mc-º-cy-Øn-
¬ Hcp sNdnb \yq\-]-£-Øn-s\m-gnsI
kz-¥w Z¿i-\-Øns‚ \ne-]m-Sp-Isf hni-
Zo-I-cn-°p∂-Xn\v Cuiz-cs‚ Bhiyw
A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-√. Cu khn-ti-jX ]-
tXyIw i≤n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. GsXmcp
`uXn-I-hm-Z-Øns‚bpw ap≥ D]m-[n-bmWv
\nco-izc k¶¬]w. \nco-izc Z¿i-\-Øn-
-¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb ]mNo-\- m-c-X-Ønse
apgp-h≥ Zm¿i-\nI[mc-Ifpw `uXn-I-X-
bn¬ Nph-Sp-]n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠mWv hnImkw
]cn-Wm-a-k-¶¬]w a\p-jys‚
_p≤n°pw bp‡n°pw tbmPn-
°p-∂n√ F∂-XmWv hkvXp-X.
Bdp-Z-i-e£w (?!) h¿jsØ
a\p-jy-N-cn-X-Øn¬ tIhew 153
h¿jØns‚ hnesbXbm-Wv.
\mK-cnI a\p-jys‚ 7000-Øn¬
IqSp -X¬ h¿jsØ Ncn - X-
Øn¬ 153 h¿jsØ ÿm\-sa-
¥m-Wv ? Ncn-X-Øn-se-hn-sSbpw
a\p-jy\v `mh-\-bn¬ t]mepw
ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ, `uXn-I-X-
bpsS AXn-]-k-c-Øn¬ \ncq-]n-
s®-SpØ k¶¬]w amX-amWv
]cn-Wm-a-hn-izm-kw.
2013 tabv 38
]m-]n-®-Xv F∂p ]d-bmw. Bk-Iew u-
X-nI Nn¥m-[m-c-sb∂v ]kn≤amb tem-
I-mbX Z¿i\w amXa√ kmwJyw, \ym-
b-w, sshti-jn-Iw, aoamw-k, ssP\w,
_u-≤w F∂n-h-sb√mw Cu Iq´-Øn¬
D-ƒs∏-Sp-∂p. C]-Imcw BsI-bp≈ ]-
[m-\-s∏´ HºXp C¥y≥ Zm¿i-\nI ]≤-
Xn-I-fn¬ Ggpw ]q¿W-ambn Cuiz-cs\
\n-tj-[n-®p-sIm≠v uXn-I-X-tbmSv Iqdp
]Jym-]n-®p-sh-¶n¬ BXy-¥n-I-X-e-Øn-
¬ AssZzX thZm-¥hpw Cuiz-cs\ \n-
cm-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.''(38)
Cu ]kvXm-h-\-bnse AXn-i-tbm-
‡n Ah-K-Wn®p bp‡n-Z¿i\ teJ-I-
s‚ hm°p-Iƒ apJ-hn-e-s°-SpØv tUm-
°n-≥kn-s‚bpw tab-dp-sSbpw Ah-Im-i-
hm-Z-߃ hni-I-e\w sNbvXm¬ tπt‰m-
bpsS kØm-hm-Z-Øn\v a\pjyIp-esØ
samØ-Øn¬ kzm[o-\n-°m≥ Ign-™n√
F∂v hy‡-am-hpw. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
]cn-Wm-a-Nn-¥sb Bi-b-hmZw XS-™p-
F∂ `mh\ A¬]w AXn-cp-I-S∂ A-
[n-I-]-kw-K-amsW∂v t_m[ys∏Spw.
bYm¿YØn¬, ]cn-Wm-a-k-¶¬]w a-
\p-jys‚ _p≤n°pw bp‡n°pw tbmPn-
°p-∂n√ F∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. Bdp- e-
£w (?!) h¿jsØ a\p-jy-N-cn-X-Øn¬
tIhew 153 h¿jØns‚ hnesbXbm-
Wv. \mK-cnI a\p-jys‚ 7000-Øn¬ IqSp-
X¬ h¿jsØ Ncn-X-Øn¬ 153 h-¿-j-
sØ ÿm\-sa-¥m-Wv? Ncn-X-Øn-se-hn-
sS-bpw a\p-jy\v mh-\-bn¬ t]mepw Im-
Wm-≥ Ign-bmØ, uXn-I-X-bpsS AXn-
]-k-c-Øn¬ \ncq-]n-s®-SpØ k¶¬]w
amX-amWv ]cn-Wm-a-hn-izm-kw. apºv kq-
Nn-∏n-®-t]mse ]cn-Wmaw AsXmcp hn-
izm--k-ambn \ne-\n¬°-s´. ]s£ A-Xn-
s\ imkvXo-b-ambn sXfn-bn°pw F∂
ho-ºp ]d-®nepw AXv imkvX-am-sW∂
A-h-Im-i-hm-Zhpw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-
bn-√.
]cn-Wmaw Ncn-X-ØnsehnsSbpw B-
sc-bpw kzm[o-\n-®n√ F∂p tUm°n-≥-
kp-w tabdpw ]kvXm-hn-®p. AXn-t\mSv
bp‡n-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ BZy-t]-Pnse shfn-
s∏-Sp-Øepw tN¿Øv hmbn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
""a\p-jy-hw-isØ kw_-‘n® Kth-
j--W-Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏´ BZysØ a\p-
jy-≥ "\nbm-≠¿Xm¬'Imc-\m-Wv. 1856-¬
P-¿a-\n-bnse \nbm-≠¿ Xmgvh-c-bn¬\n∂v
I≠p-In- nb Ah-in-jvS-ß-fmWv Cu t]-
Ime-L- -Ønepw ]cn-Wm-a-sØ-°p-dnt®m
AX√msb¶n¬ kzbw`q XØz-sØ-°p-
dnt®m Bcpw Nn¥n-®n-cp-∂n√ F¶n¬,
B-Zy-a-\p-jy≥ Ah-s‚ H∂mw XobXn
ap-X¬ ]c-tem-I-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-cp∂p F-
∂-p hnfn-®p-]-d-bp-∂p bp‡n-hmZn Zm¿i-
\n-I-\m-bn-cp∂ Fw. _n.sIbpsS Cu ]-
Jy-m-]-\w.
AsX a\p-jy≥ F∂pw ssZh˛ac-
W-m-\-¥c hnizmkn-bm-bn-cp-∂p; Bbn-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AX-hs‚ ss\k¿Kn-
I-X-bpsS mK-am-Wv. a\- n-s‚bpw _p≤n-
bp-sSbpw bp‡n-bp-sSbpw tX -amWv.
C°mcyw tUm°n≥kpw hy‡-am-°p-
∂p-≠v. Xs‚ Gsd ]i-kvX-amb Zn tKm-
Uv sUeyqj≥ F∂ IrXn-bn¬˛\mw N-
¿-® sNøp∂ "`qan-bnse G‰hpw al-
Ø-mb Zriy-hn-kvabw ]cn-Wm-a-Øns‚
sX-fn-hp-Iƒ' F∂ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚
ap-≥I-h¿ t]Pn¬ tUm°n≥kns\ ]cn-
N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv Zn tKmUv sUeyq-j≥
F∂ hnJymX IrXn-bpsS I¿Ømhv F-
∂-mWv. tUm°n≥kv ]d-bp-∂p.
""krjvSn-hm-Z-tØmSv kl-P-amb B`n-
ap-Jyw tXm∂p∂ coXn-bn-emWv (Innatelypredisposed to creationism) a\p-jy-cpsS
Xe-t®m¿ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX-∂mWv ª-q-
a-n-s‚ A`n-]m-bw. AXm-bXv "F√mw B-
tcm D≠m-°n-h®p' F∂v k¶¬]n-°m-
\p-≈ ssZzX-t_m-[-amWv an° a\p-jy-¿-
°p-ap-≈-Xv. AssZzX hmZn-I-fn¬ t]mepw
Cu `mh\ i‡-am-Wv.''(40) Xs‚ B K-
tUm°n≥kv ]d-bp∂Xv t^U‚p-
Iƒ CW-Isf _oUv sNbvsX-
Sp-°p-Ibpw XpS¿∂Xv a\p-jy¿
Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn-
te°v \bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvsX-
∂mWv F¥mWv AØcw Hcp
h¿Ø-am-\-Øn\v At±-l-Øns‚
]°-ep≈ sXfnhv F∂v ]d-bm-
ØXv sIm≠v AXpw tIhew
Dulw Xs∂.
cn-s‚ Imc-Ww.
Cbmƒ Kpl-I-fnse h\y-arK-ß-sf,
hn-ti-jn®v Ic-Sn-Isf sIm∂-Xmbpw Kpl-
Iƒ Xma-k-Øn-\mbn kzoI-cn-®-Xmbpw I-
cp-Xp-∂p. Cßs\ h[n-°m-\n-S-bmb Ic-
Sn-I-fpsS Xe-tbm-Sp-Iƒ Kpl-Iƒ°-IØv
Hcp ]tXy-I coXn-bn¬ ASp-°n-sh-®n-
cp-∂p-h-sX.
acn-®-hsc Im¬ap-´p-Iƒ aS°n C-cp-
∂ \ne-bn¬ Kpl-bn¬ ad-hp-sN-bvX-Xm-
bn shfn-s∏- n- p-≠v. CXv Fs¥-¶nepw hn-
izm-k-Øns‚ e-amtWm? hy‡-a-√. C-
∂-sØ kam[n kwkvImcw CXn-t\mSv
GXm≠v ASp-Øp-\n¬°p-∂-Xmbn tXm-
∂p-∂p.
Ic-Sn-bpsS Xe-tbm-Sp-Iƒ kq£n-®p-
h-®-Xnepw Fs¥-¶nepw hnizm-k-Øns‚
\n-d-apt≠m? AtXm Xs‚ hoc-]-cm-I-a-
ß-fpsS kvac-W-bmbn kq£n-®tXm?
Hcp ]tXyI C\-Øn-ep≈ arK-ß-
fpsS Xe-tbm-Sp-Iƒ amXw kq£n-®p-h-
°m≥ Abmsf t]cn-∏n-®-sX-¥mWv?''(39)
a\pjyNcn-X-Ønse alm- q-cn-]£
2013 tabv 39
Ÿ--Øn¬ 28-mw A[ym-b-Øn\v tU-m-°n-
≥-kv \¬Inb Xe-s°´v Xs∂ "aX-hn-
izm-k-sØ XpW°p∂ am\-knI LS\'
F-∂m-Wv. B A[ym-b-Øn¬ ]apJ a-
\x-im-kvX-⁄≥ t]mƒ ªqans\ A[n-
I-cn-®v ]d™ hmN-I-amWv \mw hmbn-®-
Xv.-thsd-bp-ap≠v CØcw ]kvXm-h-\-
Iƒ.
""Ip´n-I-fpsS a\- n¬ kl-P-amb H-
cp ssZzX-`m-h-ap-s≠∂v At±lw (ªqw)
]-d-bp-∂p. c≠mbn ImWm-\p≈ a\p-jy-
a-\- ns‚ kzm`m-hnI Xzc-bmWv ssZzX-
`mhw (Dualism) F∂-XvsIm≠v At±lw
A¿Y-am-°p-∂-Xv. aXw AØcw ssZzX-
`m-h-Øn¬\n-∂mWv cq]w-sIm-≈p-∂Xv.''(41)
A-sX ssZh-aX hnizm-khpw ssZh-kr-
jv-Sn hnizm-khpw a\p-jys‚ kl-Phpw
ss\-k¿Kn-I-hp-amb tNmZ-\bpw tX -hp-
am-Wv. F∂m¬ ]cn-Wm-a-hn-izm-khpw \n-
co-izc hnizm-khpw a\p-jy-ss\-k¿Kn-I-
X°pw kl-P-hp-amb tNmZ-\°pw Bflm-
hns‚ tX -Øn-\p-sa-Xn-cpw. F∂n- p-sa-t¥
tUm-°n≥kpw ]cn-Wma \nco-izc hnizm-
kn-Ifpw AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]N-
cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXvIqSn tUm°n≥kn¬\n∂p X-
s∂ ]Tn-°p-∂Xv auen-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. ""B-
Zy-w kzbw h©n-®m¬ a‰p-≈-hsc h©n-
°m-≥ Ffp-∏-am-bn-cn-°pw. t_m[-a-\- n-
¬-\n∂v kXysØ AI-‰n-\n¿Øn-bm¬
a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv I≈w ]d-bp-tºmƒ D≠m-
Im-\n-S-bp≈ hnj-a-X-Iƒ Hgn-hm-°mw. km-
-[m-cW a\p-jy¿°v \pW ]d-bp-tºmƒ
IÆp-Nn-Ωp-I, ssIØew \\-bp-I, lrZ-
b-an-Sn∏v IqSpI XpS-ßnb imco-cnI A-
kz-ÿXIfp-≠m-Im-dp-≠-t√m. kXy-a-dn-
bp-∂Xv a\x]q¿hw Hgn-hm-°n-bm-¬ C-Ø-
c-w _p≤n-ap- p-Iƒ Xms\ A]-Xy-£-am-
bn-s°m-≈pw.''(42)
ssZhw krjvSn®p \nb-¥n®p h-f-¿-
Øn-s°m-≠p-h-cp∂p F∂ hnizmkw a\p-
jy-k-l-P-am-sW∂pw ss\k¿Kn-I-am-sW-
∂pw \mw I≠p. B ss\k¿KnI Kp-W-
sØ \ntj-[n-°m≥ kz¥w a\- ns\
]o-Un-∏n®pw Bfl-h-©\ \S-Øn-bp-am-
]cn-Wm-a-sa∂ Bibw tπt‰m-
bpsS kØm-hmZw XS™p F∂
tUm°n≥kn -s‚bpw sab-dn -
s‚bpw Ah-Im-i-hmZw bmsXm-c-
Sn-ÿm-\-hp-an-√mØ anYym-hm-Z-am-
Wv. Ko°n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ tπt‰m-
bpsS apºp-Xs∂ temI-Øns‚
hyXykvX `mK-ß-fn¬ kwkvIm-c-
߃ \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. amX-a√
tπt‰m-bpsS Ime-L-´-Øn-\p-
tijhpw tπt‰m-bpsS Bi-b-ß-
f-dn-bmØ kwkvIm-c-ßfpw P\-
hn- m-K-ßfpw qan-bpsS hyXykvX
`mK-ß-fn¬ Pohn-®n-cp-∂p.
Wv \nco-iz-c, ]cn-Wma hnizmkw A-Xn-
s‚ h‡m-°ƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv. A-ß-
s\ Bfl-h-©\ \S-Øn-bm¬ AØcw
Ifhv Xs‚ kl-Po-hn-I-tfmSv ]d-bp-∂-
Xn-t\m ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xnt\m a\- m-£n-
°p-tØm am\-knI imco-cnI ]ncn-ap-dp-
°-tam AØ-c-°m¿°p-≠m-hn-√. Ah-cp-
sS _p≤n°pw a\- n\pw kXyw Dƒs°m-
≈m-≥ Ign-bmØ coXn-bn¬ apZ-h-®n-cn-°pw.
tUm°n≥kv Xs‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ]-
cn-Wma hnizm-k-Øn\v sXfn-hp-Iƒ \nc-
Øm≥ Bcw-`n-®n´p≠v. c≠mw A[ym-b-
Øn¬ AXn-\-t±lw Hcp ]co-£Ww Ah-
X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. ""F√m arK-ß-fnte°pw
Cu- Nße \ofp-∂p. CØ-c-Øn¬ Xn-I-
®-pw Aº-c-∏n-°p∂ Hcp ^ew ]cn-Wm-
a-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb temI-ho-£-W-
Øn¬\n∂v amXta Dcp-Øn-cn-bp-I-bp≈p
F-∂v Rm≥ \n¿_-‘n-°m-\p≈ ImcWw
\n߃°v t_m[y-s∏- n- p-≠m-hpw. F¥m-
bmepw Rm\Xn\v Hcp t]cp sImSp-°p-
I-bm-Wv. "slb¿ ]n≥ Nn¥ F∂ ]co-
£Ww' (The hairpin thought experi-ment)''(43)
Cu ]co-£-W-Øns‚ t]cv kqNn-∏n-
°p-∂-Xp-t]mse tIhew Nn¥m(- m-h-\m)-
]c-amb ]co-£Ww amX-am-Wv. apºv tI´
Hcp ]g-s©m√v kmµ¿`n-I-am-Wv. "G- n-se
--- --]ip --- ]p√p-Xn-∂n√' ----AXp-t]mse tUm-
°-n-≥-kns‚ am\-knI hym]m-c-߃ H-
∂p-w sXfn-bn-°n-√. (tUm-In≥kns\ B-Zy-
`m-KØv ]cn-N-b-s∏- Xv ad-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I)
F¥mWv Cu ]co-£-W-Øns‚ Im-
X-¬ F∂p-IqSn a\- n-em-°mw. GsX-¶n-
epw Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Hcp Pohn, AXns‚
ap≥Kman, AXns‚ sXm´p-ap-ºsØ ap-
≥-Kman... Aßns\ Ipsd aptºm-´p-t]m-
b-m¬ C∂p Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Pohn-bn-¬-
\n∂pw hf-sc-tbsd hyXym-k-s∏- n-cn-°m-
≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. Hcp ]s£ B ap-≥-
Km-an C∂v Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Pohn-h¿Kw
X-s∂ Bbn-cn-°m≥ km[y-X-bn√ F∂n-
ß-s\ t]mIp∂ hni-Zo-I-c-Ww...
""XnI™ Ah-[m-\-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ia-
ambn ]nt∂m- p-k-©-cn-®m¬ ]n∂o-S-tßm v
ImW-s∏-Sp∂ Pohn-Iƒ°v BZysØ apb-
ep-am-bp≈ kmayw ItaW Ipd-™p-h-
cp-∂-Xmbpw jvdqhp-am-bp≈ (Shrew)
kmayw (i-cn°pw jvdq BsW∂v Icp-X-
cp-Xv) h¿[n-®p-h-cp-∂Xpw A\p- -h-s∏-Spw.
s]¨Ip- n-Iƒ Xe-apSn HXp-°n-sh-°m≥
2013 tabv 40
D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp slb¿]n-∂ns‚
(hairpin) BIr-Xn-bn-em-bn-cn-°pw. Cu ]-
cn-Wm-a-Iaw hn\y-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. AXm-
bXv Cw•ojv A£cw "U' Xe-Xn-cn-®n´
B-Ir-Xn-bn¬. Nne ]I-S-amb khn-ti-
j-X-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Cu sl-
b¿]n≥ hnX-c-W-I-a-Ønse Hcp Pohn
IrXy-ambn slb¿]n-∂ns‚ hf-hn-em-Wp-
≈-sX∂v (bend) Rm≥ ]d-bpw. Cu Pohn
apb-ep-Iƒ°pw ]p≈n-∏p-en-Iƒ°pw ASp-
Øn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ Hcp s]mXp-]q¿hn-
I-\m-Ip∂p. (i-cn°pw ]d-™m¬ AΩ
hgn-bn¬. ]s£ hgn°v ]tXy-In®v ]m-
[m-\y-sam∂pw sImSp-t°-≠-Xn-√) B
Pohn IrXy-ambpw Fß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p F-
∂v \ap-°-dn-bn-√. AsX-¥m-bmepw ]cn-
Wm-a-]-c-ambn Nn¥n-®m¬ Aß-s\-sbmcp
Pohn D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. F√m Pohn-
I-sfbpw t]mse AXpw Xs‚ amXm-hn-
s\-bpw aI-sfbpw t]mse kz¥w h¿K-
Øn-se (Species) Hcw-KsØ t]mse-bm-
hp-w Pohn-®n- p-≠m-hpI.''(44)
Cu ]mc-Km^v slb¿]n≥ FIvkv-
s]-cn-sa‚ns‚ cq]w GI-tZiw hy‡-am-
°p-∂p. CXn-se-hn-sSbpw ]co-£-W-an-√.
tUm°n≥kv H∂mw A[ym-b-Øn¬ Ah-
Im-i-s∏´ t]mse Cu ]co-£-W-Øn-\p-
≈ \S-]-Sn-I-a-߃ "]cn-Wm-am‘X _m-
[n-® tcmKm-Xpc a\- ns‚ A\p-am-\-ß-
fpw Dul-ßfpw amXw. Cu slb¿ ]n≥
]-co-£-W-sØ-°p-dn®v tUm°n≥kv hni-
Z-ambn N¿® sNøp-∂p-≠v. AsX√mw tI-
hew Dulm-[n-jvTnXw amX-am-Wv. kz¥w
`m-h-\-bn¬ hncn-bp∂ k¶¬]-߃°v
im-kvX-sa∂ t]cn- m-cm-[n-°p∂ ]cn-Wm-
a hnizmknbmb tUm°n≥kv XpS-cp-∂p.
""]nt∂m-´p≈ Cu mh\m k©mcw
\ap°v XpS-cmw. \S∂p \S∂p slb¿
]n∂ns‚ hfhpw ]n∂n- m¬ ]n∂oSv t]m-
Ip-∂Xv apt∂m-´m-Wv. AXm-bXv ]p≈n-
∏p-en-bn-te°v (sl-b¿]n-∂n¬\n∂pw hy-
XykvX kz`mhLS-\-bp≈ Pohn-I-fpsS
\nc-h[n imJ-Iƒ DS-\ofw s]m´n-ap-f-°p-
∂p-≠m-Ipw. CXnse Hcp imJbn¬ \n-
∂m-bncn°pw ]p≈n∏pen ]cnW-an-®n-´p-
≠mbXv.'' ""slb¿]n-∂ns‚ hf-hn-eq≈
Xpc-∏≥ Pohn-bpsS ]pXn-am-sc-bmWv ]n-
∂o-Sv \mw ImWp-I. kmh-[m\w AsX
k-abw s]s´∂v Kln-°m-\mhmØ coXn-
bn¬ B Xpc-∏≥ Pohn sas√ ]cn-W-an-
°p-∂p. B am‰ßƒ \nc-h[n a[y-cq]
Po-hn-Iƒ hgn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. CØcw a-[y-
cq-]߃s°ms° ]ckv]cw \√ km-
ay-ap≠mbncn°pw. F∂p IcpXn, Ah-
b-°v C∂p \mw ImWp∂ GsX-¶nepw
Pohn-bp-am-bn v kmayap-≠m-I-W-sa-∂n-√.
GI-tZiw sN¶o-cn-sb-t]mse tXm∂p∂
a[y-cq-]-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmhpw ChnsS \ΩpsS
]bm-Ww. Cu k©m-c-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ A]-
Xo-£nX ZpX-hy-Xn-bm-\-ß-sfm∂pw D≠m-
ImsX Xs∂, GsX-¶n-ep-samcp L´-
Øn¬ i≤n-°-s∏-SmØ hn[w Iahpw
kq£va-hp-amb ]cnWmaw hgn \mw ]p-
≈n-∏p-en-bn¬ FØn-t®cpw.''(45)
Cu D≤-c-Wnbpw Hcp ]mc-Km^v ]q-
¿-W-ambn tN¿∂XmWv. ]cn-Wmaw sXfn-
bn°pw F∂v \qs‰m-∂m-h¿Øn®psIm-
≠n-cn-°p∂ tUm°n≥kns‚ ]pkvX-I-
Ønse sXfn-bn-°-ens‚ hy‡-amb cq]-
amWv \mw ChnsS I≠-Xv.
BZy- m-KØv imkvX-Øns‚ hy-Xy-
kv-X \n¿h-N-\-߃ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-
∂p. Ah-bn¬ hy‡hpw kv]jvS-hp-amb
hn-i-Zo-I-cWw sI. ssh. Fkv kwÿm\
]kn-U‚ v bp. Iem-\m-Yt‚Xm-Wv. A-
t±-lw hni-Zo-I-cn® t]mse Btdgv ]S-
hp-I-fp≈ imkvXob coXn-bn¬ Hcp Ah-
ÿ-bnepw mh-\m-hn-em-k-߃°pw Du-
l--Øn\pw bmsXmcp ÿm\-hp-an-√. ]-
s£ tUm°n≥kns‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ G-
dnb Iqdpw t\csØ ]Jym-]n-®Xv t]m-
se At±-l-Øns‚ Dulm-[n-jvTnXpw m-
h-\m-]q¿W-hp-amb A\p-am-\-ß-fn-eq-
sSbmWv ]cn-Wmaw imkvXo-b-ambn sXfn-
bn-°p-∂-Xv(?!)
`mh-\m-]q¿W-amb kb≥kv n-Iv-j-
\m-Wv tUm°n≥kv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv
F¶n¬ AXv hmb-\-°m-cs\ k¶¬]
tem-I-tØ°v B\-bn®v Bkzm-Z-\-Øn-
s‚ sImSp-ap-Sn-bn¬ FØn-t®-s\. k-b-
≥-kv ^nIvj\v ]Icw at‰-sXmcp km-
ln-Xy nIvj-\m-bmepw AXpw hmb-\-
°m¿ Bkz-Zn-°pw. ChnsS nIvj≥ F-
∂-h-Im-i-s∏-SmØ, imkvX-sa∂pw sXfn-
hp-s≠∂pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂, mh-\m-hn-
em-k-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv ]pkvX-
I-Øn-e-[nI mK-hpw. tUm°n≥kv Xs‚
]pkvX-I-Øn¬ sXfn-hp-Iƒ ka¿Yn-°p-
I-bm-bn. BZy-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n® sXfnhv
Um¿hns\ Xs‚ kn≤m¥ cq]o-I-c-W-
ssZh-aX hnizm-khpw ssZh-
krjvSn hnizm-khpw a\p-jys‚
kl-Phpw ss\k¿Kn-I-hp-amb
tNmZ-\bpw tX -hp-amWv. F∂m-¬
]cn-Wm-a-hn-izm-khpw \nco-iz-
chpw a\p-jy-ss\-k¿Kn-I-Xs-°-
Xn-cpw. F∂n-´p-sat¥ tUm-°n-
≥kpw ]cn-Wma \nco-izc hnizm-
kn-Ifpw AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-
Ibpw ]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbv-
Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p?
2013 tabv 41
Øn-te°v \bn® hf¿Øp-Po-hn-I-fn¬ Kr-
l ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn-eqsS hcp∂ am‰hpw
Im-¿jnI Kth-j-W-ß-fn-eqsS kky-ß-
fn¬ hcp∂ am‰-hp-amWv. Cu hnjbw
]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-]-Øn-b-©n¬ IqSp-
X-¬ t]Pp-I-fn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n´p≠v. Ah-
tbm-tcm∂pw ]cn-tim-[n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√.
F¶nepw A¬]w N¿® sNømsX Ah-
K-Wn-°p∂Xv \oXn-b-√.
Cu mK-ß-fpsS XpS-°-an-ßs\ ""arK-
ß-fp-sSbpw kky-ß-fp-sSbpw ]P-\-\-
sØ-]‰n Um¿hn\v \√ ⁄m\-ap-≠m-
bn--cp-∂p. ]mhv Iº-°m-cp-ambpw tlm¿´n-
Iƒ®-dn-Ãp-I-fp-ambpw khntij _‘w
kq£n-®n-cp∂ At±-l-Øn\v \mb-I-sf
Gsd CjvS-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hdn-Pn≥ Hm v
kv]ojn-kns‚ ]Ya A[ymbw hf¿Øp-
ar-K-ß-fnepw kky-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ n∂ Pm-
Xn-Isf Ipdn-®m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v amX-a√
B hnj-bsØ ]‰n ]n∂oSv Hcp ]p-kv-
X-Iw Xs∂ cNn-®n- p-ap-≠v. "a\pjy ]cn-
]m-e\w aqew arK-߃°pw kky-ß-ƒ-
°pw kw -hn-°p∂ sshPm-Xy-߃' (Thevariations of animals and plants under dome-stication) F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \mbbpw
]q®bpw, IpXn-cbpw Igp-Xbpw, ]∂n-Iƒ,
I-∂p-Im-en-Iƒ, BSpIƒ, apb-ep-Iƒ,
]m-hp-Iƒ, tImgn-°p-™p-߃, IuXp-
I--ap-W¿Øp∂ Imt_-Pns\ t]mse-
bp≈ sNSn-Iƒ, hnhn-[-bn\w ]d-h-Iƒ,
Nn-e kky-߃ F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-s®m-
s° ]tXyIw A[ym-b-߃ Xs∂ B
]pkvX-I-Øn-ep≠v.''(46)
Um¿hns\ Krl-]-cn-]m-e\w Xs‚
kn≤m¥ cq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ FX-amXw
kzm[o-\n-®n-cp∂ F∂v CXn¬\n∂v hy-
‡-am-hpw. AtX Bibw tUm°n≥kn-
s\bpw Gsd Bthiw sIm≈n-°p-∂p-
≠v. AXv sIm≠mWv C°mcyw CX hni-
Z-ambn tUm°n≥kv N¿® sNøp-∂-Xv.
tUm°n≥kv XpS¿s∂-gp-Xp∂p ""k-
Øm-hm-Z-Øn\pw Pohn-h¿K-ß-fpsS ÿnc-
Xm-hm-Z-Øn\pw FXn-sc-bp≈ Bi-b-]-
c-amb IS-∂m-I-a-W-Øn\v Gsd klm-
bIamb Hcp ]®-°dn C\-amWv Imt_-
Pp-Iƒ.''(47) tUm°n≥kns‚ Bthiw hy-
‡-am-Wv. Xs‚ uXnI aX-hn-izm-ksØ
Bi-b-]-c-ambn tNmZyw sNøp∂ ssZh
hnizm-ksØ B™-Sn-°m≥ Zp¿_-e-am-
b Imt_Pp thcp-Ifpw X≠pw D]-tbm-
Kn-°mw F∂ (A)ip`m]vXn hnizm-k-am-
WXv.
XpS-cp∂p: ""Im´p Imt_Pv _ko°m
He-tdjy (Brassica oleracia) F∂ t]cn-
e-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂p. C∂v \ap°v ]cn-Nn-X-amb
Imt_-Pp-ambn X´n-®p-t\m-°n-bm¬ Im´p-
Im-t_-Pns\ Xncn-®-dn-bpI AX Ffp-∏-
am-hn-√. \ap°v ]cn-Nn-X-amb Imt_-Pns‚
Hcp "If ]Xn∏v' (Weedy version) F∂p
th-W-sa-¶n¬ AXns\ hnfn-°mw. G-Xm-
\pw \q‰m-≠p-IƒsIm≠v k¶c ]P-\-\-
Øns‚ ]Wn-bm-bp-[-ß-fpsS klm-b-
tØmsS tlm¿´n-Iƒ®-dn-Ãp-Iƒ ]d-b-
Ø° ]tXy-I-X-sbm-∂p-an-√mØ Cu Im-
´p-sN-Snsb H∂m-¥cw ]®-°-dn-bm°n ]cp-
h-s∏-SpØnsbSp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p... ]c-
kv]c sshPm-Xy-ap≈ \nc-h[n C\-ß-
sf-bmWv B ]q¿hn-I-\n¬\n∂pw tlm¿ n-
Iƒ®-dn-Ãp-Iƒ krjvSn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.
as‰mcp ]cn-NnX DZm-l-cWw sN∂m-
bv-°-fpsS ]cp-h-s∏-Sp-Ø-em-Wv. Im\nkv
ep∏kv (Canis lupus) F∂dnb-s∏-Sp∂
Im´p-sN-∂m-b-bn¬\n∂pw C∂v _n´ojv
sI∂¬ ¢_v hyXn-cn‡ C\-ß-fmbn
AwKo-I-cn-®n-´p≈ Canis familiaris F∂
hn- m-K-Øn¬s]´ Ccp-∂q-dn-e-[nIw C\-
ß-fmWv IrXna ]P-\-\-Øn-eqsS a\p-
jy-¿ krjvSn-s®-Sp-Øn- p-≈-Xv.''(48)
Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ CXbpw Zo¿Lamb
apJ-hpc Fgp-Xm≥ tUm°n≥kns\ t]-
cn-∏n-®Xv hnj-b-Øn¬ tUm°n≥kn-\p-
≈ Aan-Xm-fl-hn-izm-k-am-Wv. XpS¿∂v
tUm-°n≥kv Krl-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn-eqsS
Ir-jn-bnepw hf¿Øp-P-¥p-°-fnepw \S-
°p-∂ \nc-h[n DZm-l-c-W-߃ ]d-bp-
∂p-≠v. B DZm-l-c-W-߃ hnh-cn® ti-
j-w Cß-s\-bp≈ am‰-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ
]IrXn kzbw sNøp-sa∂pw AXn-eqsS
]pXnb P¥p kky h¿K-߃ cq]-s∏-
Sp--sa∂pw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂p. At±-l-Øn-
s‚bpw Um¿hn-s‚-bpa-S°w A-Øcw A-
\p-am-\-߃ ]cn-Wm-a-hn-izm-k-Øn-\-p-
≈ sXfn-hmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN-
øp-∂p.
ssZhw krjvSn®p \nb-¥n®p h-
f-¿Øn-s°m-≠p-h-cp∂p F∂ hn-
izm-kw a\p-jy-k-l-P-am-Wv˛-ss\-
k¿Kn-I-am-Wv. B ss\k-¿Kn-I-
Kp-WsØ \ntj-[n-°m≥ kz¥w
a\- ns\ ]oUn-∏n®pw Bfl-h-
©-\ \S-Øn-bp-amWv \nco-iz-c, ]-
cn-Wma hnizmkw AXns‚ h-
‡m-°ƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv. A-
Ø-cw Ifhv Xs‚ kl-Po-hn-I-
tfm-Sv ]d-bp-∂-Xnt\m ]N-cn-∏n-
°p-∂-Xnt\m a\- m-£n-°ptØm
am\-knI imco-cnI ]ncn-ap-dp-°-
tam AØ-c-°m¿°p-≠m-hn-√.
2013 tabv 42
tUm°n≥kv hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p ""sUm-
a-Ãn-t°-j\v h\y-ar-K-ß-fn¬ D≠m-°m≥
Ign-bp∂ sR´n-∏n-°p∂ tXmXn-ep≈
cq] kz`mh hyXn-bm-\-ß-fmWv Rm\n-
hn-sS ][m-\-ambpw ]d-bm-\p-t±-in-°p-∂-
Xv. FX thK-Øn-emWv AXv arK-ßsf
am‰n adn-°p-∂-sX∂v \sΩ Aº-c-∏n-°pw.
k¶c ]P\\ hnZ-Kv[¿ (_o-U¿am¿)
Ifn-a-Æn¬ tamU-ep-Iƒ D≠m-°p-∂hsc
t]msetbm I√n¬ IpXn-c, \mb, ]q®,
]ip, Imt_-Pv... XpSßn X߃°n-jvS-
s∏´ NnX-߃ Dfn sIm≠v sImØn-bp-
≠m-°p-∂-hsc t]msetbm BWv. Cu
hmMvab NnX-Øn-te°v Rm\p-Ss\ Xncn-
®p-h-cmw. CXn\v ]IrXym \S-°p∂ ]cn-
Wm-a-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-sa-s¥-∂m¬
ChnsS sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-Øp-∂Xv a\p-
jy-\mWv adn®v ]Ir-Xn-b√ F∂p-≈-Xm-
Wv. F¶nepw \S-°p∂ ]Inb Gsd-
°psd H∂p-X-s∂. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂-
bmWv sUma-Ãn-t°-j\v Um¿hn≥ Hdn-
Pn≥ Hm v kv]ojokns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬
henb ]m[m\yw \¬In-b-Xv. IrXna
\n-¿-[m-c-W-Øn-eqsS kw`-hn-°p∂ ]cn-
Wm-aw B¿°pw a\- n-em-Ip∂ H∂m-Wv.
]IrXn \n¿[m -c -Whpw Aßs\
Xs∂.''(49)
IrXna k¶-e-\-Øn-eqsS k¶-c-bn\w
hf¿Øp-ar-K-ßsf DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ coXn-
bn¬ ]Ir-Xn-bnepw aney¨ IW-°n\v
h-¿j-ß-sf-SpØv am‰ßƒ kw`-hn-t®-
°mw F∂ A\p-am-\-Øn-eq-sSbmWv Um-
¿hn≥ Xs‚ kn≤m¥w cq]o-I-cn-®-Xv. C-
∂v tUm°n≥kpw AsX A n-]m-b-Øn¬
X-s∂-bm-Wv.
tUm°n≥kv ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. ""\m-
b ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw icn°pw \m-
sa-¥mWv ]Tn-°p-∂Xv? H∂m-a-Xmbn, k¶-
c-bn\w \mb-I-fn-se \s√mcp iX-am-\-
Øn-epw, tK‰v sUbn≥ apX¬ tbm¿°n-
Iƒ hsc˛kvtIm- n-Iƒ apX¬ Fb¿ sU-
bn-ep-Iƒ hsc ˛dnUvPv _mIvkv apX¬
Um-jv l≠p-Iƒ hsc, hn∏-‰p-Iƒ apX-
¬ sk‚ v s_¿WmUv hsc, \nb-X-amb
sX-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn-eqsS Po≥ ]qƒ I-S-
™ kv^pSw sNbvXpw icoc LS-\-bn-
epw s]cp-am‰ coXn-bnepw \mS-Iob am‰-
߃ D≠m-°m≥ A\m-bmkw km[n-°p-
sa-∂v Im´n-Ø-cp-∂p. AXn-i-b-sa∂v ]d-
b-s´, GXm\pw Nne Po\p-Iƒ amXsa
Dƒs∏-´n-´p-≈p-sh-¶nepw D≠m-°p∂ am-
‰w Xo¿Øpw \mS-Io-b-am-Wv. AXn-th-K-
Ønepw GXm\pw \q‰m-≠p-I-f√ adn®v
Z-i-e-£-°-W-°n\v h¿j-߃ th≠n
h∂n-´p-≠mhmw F∂p tXm∂n-∏n-°p∂
hn-[w \mS-Io-b-amWv Cu am‰-߃. CX-
b-[nIw ]cn-Wm-a-am-‰-߃ GXm\pw Zi-
I-ß-fntem \q‰m-≠p-I-fntem kw -hn-°m-
sa-¶n¬ ]tØm \qtdm Zi-e-£w h¿j-
ß-ƒ sIm≠v kw`-hn-°m-\n-S-bp≈ am‰-
ß-sf ]‰n H∂m-temNn®p t\m°q.''(50)
]Ir-Xn-bn¬ Hcp Pohntbm Po-hn-h-¿-
K-tam as‰mcp Pohnh¿K-ambn amdn-b-Xn∂v
As√-¶n¬ ]cn-W-an-®-Xn\v hy‡hpw kv-
]jvShpw hkvXp\njvT-amb sXfn-thXpw
e`y-a-√m-ØXv sIm≠v Xmc-Xay ]T\ k-
t¶--X-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v ]cn-Wm-a-Øn\v sXfn-
hp-s≠∂v tXm∂n-∏n-°m-\p≈ ia-am-Wn-
Xv. ssPh kky temIsØ Krl]cn-
]m-e-\-Øn\v \nc-h[n DZm-l-c-W-߃
]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \nc-Øp-∂p-≠v. Ah-bn¬
NneXv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v apºv tUm-
°n-≥kv Gsd Bth-i-]q¿hw Ah-X-cn-
∏n-® Krl-]-cn-]m-e\w hne-bn-cpØn ap-
t∂m- p-t]m-Imw.
Cu Xmc-X-ay-Øn-eqsS tUm°n≥kv
]d-bm≥ ian-°p∂Xv X¬ am‰-߃ kw -
hn-°p-∂Xv \mw ImWp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v
Yepw am‰-߃ h∂n-cn-°mw. F∂m¬ X¬
h∂ am‰-߃ bmZr—n-I-amtbm kzm`m-
hn-I-amtbm ss\k¿Kn-I-amtbm kw -hn-
°p-∂n-√. AhnsS am‰-߃ kw`-hn-°p-
∂Xv tUm°n≥kv hy‡-am-°nb t]mse
"\n-b-X-amb Xnc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn-eqsS Po≥
]qƒ IS™ kv pSw sNbvXpw' hcp-Øp-
∂ am‰-ß-fmWv. AsX X¬ hcp∂ am‰-
ß-ƒ a\p-jy-s\∂ FIvtÃ-W¬ G-P-
‚ns‚ IrXyhpw t_m[-]q¿hhpw _p≤n-
]q¿h-hp-amb Bkq-X-W-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈
CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ aqe-am-Wv.
Krl-]-cn-]m-e-\sØ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-
∂-Xn-eqsS kwPm-X-am-Ip-∂Xv Y¬ Fs¥-
¶nepw am‰w kw -hn-°-W-sa-∂p-s≠-¶n¬
]-IrXn IrXyhpw t_m[, _p≤n-]q¿h-
amb Bkq-X-W-Øn-eqsS CS-s]-Sp∂
aq∂mw I£n (Third party)bmbn h¿Øn-
°m≥ _p≤nbpw t_m[-hp-ap≈ hy-‡n-
tbm hkvXpthm ]Xn- m-ktam Bth-≠-
Xp-≠v. krjvSn, Bkq-X-W-hm-Z-ßsf
\ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-te°pw AwKo-I-cn-°p-
∂-Xn-te°pw tUm°n≥kpw ]cn-Wm-a-hn-
izm-kn-Ifpw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn ]cn-W-an-
IrXna k¶-e-\-Øn-eqsS k¶-c-
bn\w hf¿Øp-ar-K-ßsf DXv]m-
Zn-∏n-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ ]Ir-Xn-
bnepw aney¨ IW-°n\v h¿j-
ß-sf-SpØv am‰ßƒ kw`-hn-
t®°mw F∂ A\p-am-\-Øn-eq-
sSbmWv Um¿hn≥ Xs‚
kn≤m¥w cq]o-I-cn-®-Xv. C∂v
tUm°n≥kpw AtX A`n-]m-b-
Øn¬ Xs∂-bm-Wv.
2013 tabv 43
°p∂ IuXpI ImgvN-bm-Wn-Xn-eqsS Im-
Wp-∂-Xv. (Bkq-X-W-hm-Z-sØ-°p-dn®v
tUm°n≥kv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ N¿® sNøp-
∂p-≠v. hnjbw AhnsS N¿® XpScmw).
tUm°n≥kpw ]cn-Wma hnizm-kn-Ifpw
ka¿Yn-°p-∂-Xv, ]IrXn\n¿[m-c-W-sa∂
]cn-WmatZh\v YbpsS Poh-\-co-Xn-Iƒ
Xo-cp-am-\n-°m\pw, AXn-en-S-s]-Sm\pw
AXns‚ h¿Ø-am-\hpw mhnbpw \n¿W-
bn®v Bh-iy-amb \S-]-Sn-I-a-߃ kzoI-
cn®v Ysb am‰n-a-dn®v ]pXnb Pohn h¿K-
ß-fm°n ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m\pw hym]n-∏n-
°m\pw \ne-\n¿Øm-\p-ap≈ mcn® DØ-
c-hm-Zn-Øhpw Ign-hp-ap≈ Bkq-X-I-\m-
bn amdp-I-bmWv ]IrXn!
Krl]cn-]m-e-\-sØ kw_-‘n®v
tUm°n≥kv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Nne
DZm-l-c-W-߃ \ap°pw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Smw.
""Cu taJ-e-bnse Iº-ap-≈-h¿ (Func-iers) sa®-s∏´ kzchpw cq]- w-Knbpw In´m-
\mbn ssa\m ]£n-Isf (Canaries) _o-
Uv sNøm-dp-≠v. Im´p-ssa-\-Iƒ Xhn´p
Ie¿∂ a™ \nd-ap≈ Ipcp-hn-I-fm-Wv.
(Finch) ImWm≥ AX sa®-sam-∂p-an√
Xm\pw. _oU¿am¿ B ]£n-bn¬ kw -
hn-°p∂ n∂ D¬∏-cn-h¿Ø-\߃ hcp-
Øp∂ h¿W hyXn-bm-\-߃ kkq-£v-
aw ]n¥p-S-cp-Ibpw B \nd-°q- n¬\n∂pw
ssa-\m ]£n-bpsS t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-
∂ Hcp khn-tij a™-\ndw sXc-s™-
Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXns\ "ssI\dn
a™' (Canary yellow) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
CsXm-s°-bm-sW-¶nepw ssa\m-∏-£n°v
B t]cp hoWXv sIbv\dn Zzo]p-I-fpsS
t]cn¬\n-∂m-Wv. A√msX Kme-∏-tKmkv
Zzo]p-I-fpsS (Galapagos Islands) Imcy-
Øn¬ kw -hn-®-Xp-t]mse sIbv\-dn-I-fn-
¬\n-∂√ ]kvXpX Zzo]n\v B t]cv ho-
W-Xv. kv]m\njv mj-bn¬ Ba-bv°p≈
]Z-Øn¬\n∂mWv Kme-∏-tKm-kn\v B
t]-cv h∂-Xv. ssa\m ]£n-Iƒ IqSp-X-
epw Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv Ah-bpsS ]m´ns‚
t]cn-em-Wv. Cu Ignhpw kºp-jvS-am-°p-
∂-Xnepw a\pjy _oU¿am¿ \√ ]¶v
hln-®n- p-≠v. Np≠v AS-®p-]n-Sn®p ]mSm≥
Ign-bp∂ tdmf-dp-Iƒ (Rollers) Dƒs∏sS
\nc-h[n ]m´p-Imsc ]£n-Iƒ°n-S-bn-¬-
\n∂pw \mw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-Øn- p-≠v.'' (51)
CXp-t]mse hen-®p-\o-´nb CØcw
hmN-I-ß-fm¬ kºp-jvS-amWv ]pkvX-
Iw. a\p-jy¿ ssa\-Isf _oUp sNbvXn-
´p≠v F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv sIm≠v AXv ]cn-
Wm-a-Øn-\p≈ sXfn-hm-Ip∂ kqX-hm-
Iyw Fs¥∂v IqSn hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠n-bn-
cn-°p-∂p. AØcw ia-ßfpw ]pkvX-I-
Øn-ep-≠v. ""DZym\ ]pjv]-ß-fpsS Imcy-
Øn-se∂ t]mse X߃°p-apºv s]¨
t^-k‚p-IfpsS _oUp sNbvsXSpØ
B¨ t^k‚p-Isf IqSp-X¬ ]cn-jvI-
cn-°p-I-bmWv t^U‚p-Isf _oUp sN-
øp-∂ a\p-jy¿ sNbvX-Xv. AXv hgn tKm-
ƒU≥ t^k‚p-Isf IÆ©n∏n°p∂
amXr-I-Iƒ D≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A-
Xm-bXv s]¨ t^k‚p-Iƒ \SØnb
_o-Un-ßns‚ XpS¿®-bmWv a\pjy _o-
U¿am¿ \S-Øn-b-Xv. ChnsS GXm\pw
Nne D¬∏-cn-h¿Ø-\-߃ hgn-bp≈
hyXn-bm\w ]n¥p-S¿∂mWv CXv km[n-
s®-Sp-Ø-Xv.(52) ChnsS tUm°n≥kv ]d-
bp∂Xv t^k‚p-Iƒ CW-Isf _oUv
sNbvsX-Sp-°p-Ibpw XpS¿∂Xv a\p-jy¿
Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn-te°v \bn-
°p-Ibpw sNbvsX-∂mWv F¥mWv A-
Ø-cw Hcp h¿Ø-am-\-Øn\v At±-l-Øn-
s‚ ]°-ep≈ sXfnhv F∂v ]d-bm-ØXv
sIm≠v AXpw tIhew Dulw Xs∂.
IrXna _oUn-ßn-s\-°p-dn®v hmNm-
e-\m-Ip∂ tUm°n≥kv ]e kky-ßfpw
P-¥p-°fpw CWsb _oUv sNøp-∂p-
s≠-∂m-W-v ]dbp∂Xv. G‰hpw BI¿j-
I-amb B¨ abn-ep-Isf CW tNc-en¬
s]¨ abn-ep-Iƒ sXc-s™-Sp-°p-∂Xp
Imc-Ww, G‰hpw kuµ-cy-ap≈ B¨
a-bn-ep-Iƒ amXw AXn-Po-hn-°p-sa∂pw
BI¿j-I-amb ]qhp≈ ]qh≥ tImgn-
I-sf ]nS-t°mgn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xv ap-
tJ\ ]qh≥am-cnse ]qhns‚ kuµcyw
h¿[n®p h¿[n®p hcp-sa∂pw At±lw
]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. AØcw sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-
fn-eqsS kuµcyw IqSp-X-ep≈ B¨ a-
bn-ep-I-fp-sSbpw ]qh≥ tImgn-I-fp-sSbpw
Xe-ap-d-Iƒ \ne-\n¬°p-Ibpw A√m-Ø-
h C√msX BIp-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂pw F-
gp-Xp-∂p.
AXv t]mse a\p-jy¿ P¥p-°-fn¬
CS-s]´v kz`mham‰-߃ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-
s\-°p-dn®pw tUm°n≥kv Fgp-Xp-∂p-≠v.
Ip-dp-°≥am-cnepw Kn∏n a’y-ß-fnepw
]Ir-Xn-bn¬ Hcp Pohntbm Po-hn-
h¿Ktam as‰mcp Pohnh¿K-ambn
amdn-b-Xn∂v As√-¶n¬ ]cn-W-an-
®-Xn\v hy‡hpw kv]jvShpw h-
kvXp\njvT-amb sXfn-thXpw e`y-
a-√m-ØXv sIm≠v Xmc-Xay ]T\
kt¶-X-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v ]cn-Wm-a-Øn-
\v sXfn-hp-s≠∂v tXm∂n-∏n-°m-
\p≈ ia-am-Wv- C∂v \S-∂p-h-cp-
∂-Xv.
2013 tabv 44
A-Øcw am‰-߃ ]I-S-am-bXpw A-t±-
lw DZm-l-cn-°p-∂p. tUm°n≥kns‚ hm-
-°p-Iƒ
""sacp°w (Tameness)AX-s√-¶n¬
AXv t]mse as‰-s¥-¶nepw Ign-hp-Iƒ
]IrXn]c-amtbm IrXn-a-amtbm Fßs\
hm¿sØ-Sp-°m-sa-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n B[p-\nI
ImeØv Bth-i-I-c-amb Hcp ]co-£Ww
\S-∂n- p-≠v. tcma hym]m-c-Øn\v D]-tbm-
Kn-°m-\mbn djy≥ kn¬h¿ Pw_p-
I≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ (Russian silver foxes) \S-
Ønb Hcp ]cn-io-e-\-]-≤-Xn-bm-W-Xv. \ap-
°p≈ ]mTw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ Cu ]-
co-£Ww ]Zm\w sNøp∂ Bthiw Cc-
´n-°p-∂p. Km¿lnI ]cn-]m-e\w, _o-Un-
ßv sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ]m¿iz- -e-߃,
]IrXn \n¿[m-c-Whpw IrXna \n¿[m-
c-Whpw XΩn-ep≈ kam-\-X-Iƒ F∂n-
h-sb-∏‰n Um¿hn≥ Adn-™-Xn∂pw a\-
n-em-°n-b-Xn∂pw D]-cn-bmb Imcy-ß-
fmWv Cu ]mTw \ap°v e`y-am-°p-∂-Xv.(53)
Cu ]co-£Ww \ap°v ]cn-N-b-s∏Smw.
""hƒ∏kv hƒ∏kv (Vulpes vulpes)F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ ]cn-Nn-X-amb Nph-∏≥
Ipdp-°≥am-cn¬ \nd-ssh-Pm-Xy-ap≈ Hcn-
\-amWv djy≥ kn¬h¿ Ipdp-°≥. at\m-
l-c-amb tcma-amWv AXns‚ aqeyw h¿-
[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. djy≥ P\n-XI imkvX-
⁄-\mb ZnanXn _teyhv (Dimitri Bal-yaev) 1950 Ifn¬ Hcp Ipdp-°≥ ^m-an-
s‚(Fox farm)\S-Øn-∏p-Im-c-\mbn tPmen
t\m°n-bn-cp-∂p.''(54)
ZnanXn _teyhv Ipdp-\cn ^man¬
(Fox farm) tPmen sNøp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬
Is≠-Ønb Imcy-ß-sf-¥m-bn-cp∂p F∂v
IqSn a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv DNn-X-am-bn-cn-°pw.
""h-\y-X-bn¬ Ign-bp∂ Ipdp-°≥amsc
ssI-Im-cyw sNøpI AX Ffp-∏-a-√. sa-
cp-°w e£y-an´v Ahsb t_m[-]q¿hw
_oUv sNøm-\mWv _teyhv BZyw ]cn-
i--an-®-Xv. A°m-esØ GsXmcp k-ky-
-Pohn _oU-sdbpw t]mse sXc-s™-
Sp-∏n-\mbn ]Ir-Xn-Z-Ø-ambn Xs∂ e`y-
am-Ip∂ hyXn-bm-\-߃ NqjWw sNøm-
\mWv At±lhpw Xp\n-™Xv... Ipdp-°-
≥-Ip-™n\v ssIbn¬ Blmcw h®v am-
Sn hnfn-°p-Ibpw Ah h∂v Xn∂p-tºmƒ
tXmfØpw ]pd-Øp-sams° X´n emfn-
°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p AXn-semcp ]co-£-
Ww...
sacp°w e£y-an´v tIhew Bdv X-
e-ap-d-Iƒ _oUv sNbvX-t∏m-tg°pw Ip-
dp-°≥am¿ icn°pw amdn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p.
AtXmsS _oU¿am¿ B ]pXnb Im‰-
K-dn°v "Krl ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-
am-b Ipeo-\¿' (Domestical elite) F-s∂m-
cp ]tXyI t]cpan- p. apdp-ap-dpØv i≤-
bm-I¿jn-°m≥ Ah ioen-®p. ]co-£Ww
\S-Øp-∂-hsc \mb-Isf t]mse aW-
∏n-°m\pw \°m-\p-sams° X¬]-c-cm-bn-
cp∂ Cu hn`m-K-Øn\v s]mXpsh a\p-
jy-cp-ambn ASp-°m≥ \√ D¬km-l-am-
bn-cp-∂p.''(55)
hfsc Bkq-Xn-X-amb ]co-£-W-ß-
fn-eqsS hf¿Øp∂ Ipdp-°≥amsc CW-
°-ap-≈-Xm-°m≥ Ign™p F∂-XmWv
Cu ]co-£-W-ß-fnse BsI-Øp-I. a-
\p-jys\ I≠m¬ HmSn-b-I-ep∂ a\p-jy-
ZrjvSn ]cn-[n-bn¬ hcmsX ]em-b\ Zq-
cw(Flight distance) ]men-°p∂ Ipdp-°-
≥amsc AXns‚ tcmaw DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°pI
F∂ e£y-tØmsS sacp°n hf¿Øp∂
^man-emWv Cu ]co£Ww. £-Wm-h-
iy-Øn\pw a‰pw a\p-jy-cp-ambn CW-°-
an-√mØ \mb, ]q®, Im° XpS-ßnb P-
¥p-°ƒ a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v A-hs‚ AI-
a-Øn¬\n∂v˛HmSn-c-£-s]-Sm≥ amXw
AIew i≤n®v i≤-tbmsS CS-s]-Sp-
I-bpw `£Ww tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
CXv a\p-jy-tcmSv amX-a√ a‰p Pohn-I-
tfm-Spw ]men-°p-∂p. adp]-£Øv \n∂v
]-Xn-I-c-W-an-s√-¶n¬ IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬
ASp-Øv hcp-∂p. Ah°v £-Whpw ]m-
Y-anI Bh-iy-ßfpw (C-W-tN-cm\pw
]k-hn-°m\pw k¥m\ ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn-
\pw a‰pap≈) Bh-iy-߃ \n¿h-ln-°p-
∂Xpw a\p-jy≥ Xs∂. Ah-‰-I-fn¬ Nn-
ehsb t_m[-]q¿hw CW-°n-sb-SpØp.
AXns\ ]cn-Wm-a-Øn\pw ]IrXn \n¿-
[-m-c-W-Øn-\p-ap≈ sXfn-hmbn Ah-X-cn-
∏n-°p-I-bmWv tUm°n≥kv ChnsS sN-
øp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy-Zr-jvSn-bn¬ hcmsX ]em-
b-\-Zqcw ]men-°p∂ Ipdp-°≥am¿ a\p-
jy-\p-ambn CWßn F∂-Xm-Wt√m sXfn-
hm-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. Ipdp-°\v a\p-jys\
B-I-an-°pI, sIme-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂ kz-
`mh-w C√ F∂Xv ]tXyIw ]cn-K-W-
AI-a-Im-cn-b-√mØ a\p-jys\
t]Sn-°p∂ Ipdp-°s\ CW-°n-
sb-SpØXv hnh-cn®v t]Pp-Iƒ
\nd-®-Xp-sIm≠v amXw ]cn-Wm-a-
Øn\v sXfn-hm-In-√. kl-km-_vZ-
ß-fmbn Im´parK-amb B\ a\p-
jys‚ hml-\hpw mc-hm-l-I\pw
bp≤-ap-∂-Wn-bnse t]mcm-fn-bp-
am -Wv. AsXm∂pw bmsXmcp
XcØnepw ]cn-Wm-a-sØbpw
]IrXn\n¿[m -c -W -sØbpw
\ymbo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sXfn-bn-°p-
I-bp-an√.
2013 tabv 45
\o-b-am-Wv. F∂m¬ X°w In´n-bm¬ a\p-
jys\ BI-an-°p-Ibpw sIm∂p Xn∂p-
I-bpw sNøp∂ knwlw, ISp-h, ]pen
Xp-S-ßnb lnwk P¥p-°sf ]cn-K-Wn-
°p-I. a\p-jy≥ t_m[-]q¿hw Ah-‰-I-
fn¬ kpc-£nX ]em-b\ Zpcw (Safe Flightdistance) ]men-°p∂-Xn¬ i≤n-°p-∂p.
A-Øcw AI-a-Im-cn-I-fmb lnwk arK-
ßsf a\p-jy≥ Xs∂ Xs‚ ]b-Xv\-
Øn-eq-sSbpw ]cn-N-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw ]cn-
io-e-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw CW-°n sacp°n F-
Sp-°p∂p F∂v amX-a√ Ah-‰-Isf Xß-
fpsS sNm¬]Sn°v \n¿Øn ASn-a-the
sN-øn-°p∂p F∂Xv GsXm-cmƒ°pw
Adn-bm-hp-∂-X-s√. GsXmcp k¿°kv
Iq-Sm-c-ß-fn-sebpw apJy BI¿jWw C-
Øcw lnwk P¥p-°-fpsS A`ymk ]-
I-S-\-ß-fmWv CØcw lnwk arK-ß-fp-
sS A`ymk]I-S-\-߃ ImWm\pw B-
kz-Zn-°m\pw a\p-jy-cnse `ocp-°-fn¬
`ocp t]mepw Xøm-dm-hp-∂p. 2000¬ Zp_m-
bn¬ Hcp sibvJns‚ ho´n¬ Ahn-SpsØ
Poh-\-°m-c-\mb kplr-Øns\ ImWm≥
t]mbXv ad-°m-\m-hn-√. Ahn-SpsØ ASp-
°-fbpw Ãm^v At°m-a-tU-j\pw tN-
¿∂ tªm°n-emWv t]mb-Xv. AhnsS sXm-
-gn-em-fn-I-fpsS IqsS as‰mcp Xma-k-°m-
c-\pw D≠m-b-cp-∂p. B At¥-hm-knsb
]cn-N-cn°m≥ C¥ym-°m-c-\mb Hcp ]cn-
Nm-c-I\pw. B At¥-hmkn Ahn-SpsØ
a\p-jy-cpsS IqsS Ah-cpsS s_Uvdq-ap-
I-fnepw kzoI-c-W-ap-dn-bnepw ASp-°f k-
ap--®-b-Ønepw Hcp IpSpw-_mw-KsØ t]m-
se kzX-¥-ambn \S-°p-∂p. F√m-bv-t∏m-
gpw ]cn-Nm-c-I≥ Iq´n-\p-≠m-hn-√. B hn.
sF.- ]n a‰m-cp-a√ km£m¬ ]p≈n-∏p-
en-bm-bn-cp-∂p. BZy ImgvN-bn¬ A¬]w
`bw tXm∂n F¶nepw ]n∂oSv IuXp-I-
hpw hm¬k-ey-hp-ambn ]cn-W-an-®p AXn-
t\m-Sp≈ hnIm-cw.
CØcw AI-a-Im-cn-I-fmb lnwk P-
¥p-°ƒ t]mepw a\p-jy-\p-ambn C-W-
ßn kl-h¿Øn-ØtØmsS Pohn-°p∂
ImgvN-Iƒ H‰-s∏-´-X-√. AI-a-Im-cn-b-
√mØ a\p-jys\ t]Sn-°p∂ Ipdp-°s\
CW-°n-sb-SpØXv hnh-cn®v t]Pp-Iƒ
\nd-®-Xp-sIm≠v amXw ]cn-Wm-a-Øn\v sX-
fn-hm-In-√. kl-km-_vZ-ß-fmbn Im´parK-
amb B\ a\p-jys‚ hml-\hpw `mc-
hm-l-I\pw bp≤-ap-∂-Wn-bnse t]mcm-fn-
bp-am-Wv. AsXm∂pw ]cn-Wm-a-sØbpw
]IrXn \n¿[m-c-W-sØbpw \ymbo-I-cn-
°p-Ibpw sXfn-bn-°p-I-bp-an√ F∂v Xncn-
®-dn-bm≥ hI-Xn-cn-hn-√m-Ø-h-cmtWm tUm-
°n≥kpw ]cn-Wma aX hnizm-kn-I-fpw!
as‰m-cp-Zm-l-cWw tUm°n-≥-kn-¬-\n-
∂v """\mb' F∂v \man∂v hnfn-°p∂ arKw
a\p-jy≥ Krl-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn-eqsS am‰n-
a-- ----- ----dn® sN∂mb BsW∂p Rm≥ ]d-
™p. ]s£, Cu hnjbw \mb-bpsS
]cn-Wm-asØ kw_-‘n® Bth-i-I-c-
amb kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ hne-
bn-cp-tØ≠ _m[yX IqSn F\n-°p-≠v.
Chn-sSbpw tdm_¿´v tIm]nw-K-dmWv
hy‡-am-bn Imcy-߃ \n¿[m-cWw
sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. \mb ]cn-Wm-a-sa∂
Bibw tI-h-ew IrXna ]cn-Wm-a-Øn¬
amX-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-hn-√.
sN∂mb a\p-jys‚ Bh-iy-߃°-\p-
k-c-W-ambn ]IrXn\n¿[m-c-W-Øns‚
hgn-Øm-c-bn-eqsS kzbw ]cp-h-s∏-´-
Xns‚ hnj-bhpw Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. AXm-
bXv \mw Nne sN-∂m-b-Isf \mb-I-fm-
°n-bXv t]mse a‰p Nne sN∂m-b-Iƒ
t_m[-]q¿h-a-√msX kz-bw \mbbmbn
]cn-W-an-®n- p-≠v. \mb-bpsS BZy Krl-
]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ ]e-Xpw sN∂m-b-Iƒ
kzbw kzoI-cn® Krl-]-c-n-]m-e-\-amWv
(Self-domestication) Ir-Xn-a \n¿[m-c-W-
a√ adn®v \n¿[m-c-W-am-Wn-hnsS a[y-ÿ-
X hln®Xv. IrXna \n¿[m-c-W-Øns‚
D]-I-c-W-s∏-´n-bpsS ta¬ \mw ssIsh-
°p-∂-Xn\v hfsc apºv Xs∂ bmsXm-cp-
hn-[ a\pjy CS-s]-S-ep-an-√msX Xs∂
sN-∂m-b-Iƒ "\m´p-\mb' (Village dog) B-
bn kzbsa Krl-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn\v hnt[-
b--am-°n-bn-cp-∂p. Cu L -Øn-\p-ti-j-am-
Wv a\p-jy≥ Cu \m´p-\m-b-Isf Hmtcm-
∂m-bn kzoI-cn®v XpS¿ ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn-eq-
sS Ah-bpsS cq]- m-h-߃ am‰n-a-dn-®-Xv.(56)
\mb ]cn-Wm-asØ Ipdn®v Hcp]msS-
gp-Xn-bn- p-≠v tUm°n≥kv. AXv ]cn-Wma
aX en-X-ambn Bkz-Zn-°p-∂-Xn¬ bm-
sXm-cp ssha\kyhpw th≠. \mb ]-
Ir-Xn \n¿[m-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw IrXna
\n¿[m-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw Krl-]-cn-]m-e-\-
Øn-eq-sSbpw \mb-bmbn Xs∂ ]cn-W-an-
®p F∂v Kth-j-Wm-flI ]co-£-W-Øn-
eqsS sXfn-bn-°p-I-bmWv tUm°n≥kv
ChnsS \n¿h-ln-®-Xv. C\n-bp-ap≠v C-Ø-
cw ]cn-WmasØfn-hp-Iƒ. thW-sa-¶n¬
_kv, _kmbpw hnam\w hnam-\-ambpw
sX-ßv sXßmbpw Ddpºv Ddp-ºmbpw ]-
\mb]cn-Wm-asØ Ipdn®v Hcp-]m-
sS-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v tUm°n-≥kv.
AXv ]cn-Wma aX en-X-ambn B-
kz-Zn-°p-∂-Xn¬ bm-sXm-cp ssha-
\kyhpw th≠. \mb ]-Ir-Xn \n-
¿-[m-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw IrXna \n-
¿[m-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw Krl-]-cn-
]m-e-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw \mb-bmbn
Xs∂ ]cn-W-an-®p F∂v Kth-j-
Wm-flI ]co-£-W-Øn-eqsS sX-
fn-bn-°p-I-bmWv tUm°n≥kv C-
hnsS \n¿h-ln-®-Xv. C\n-bp-ap≠v
C-Ø-cw ]cn-WmasØfn-hp-Iƒ.
2013 tabv 46
cn-W-an®Xns‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-
°p-∂Xv GsX-¶nepw \nkm-c-°m-c-\-√.
C-∂v temIØv Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ G-
‰hpw D∂-X\pw HmIvkvt^m¿Uv bqWn-
th-gvkn‰n ap≥ s]m -k-dp-amb ]cn-Wm-
a-hpw \nco-iz-c-hm-Zhpw sXfn-bn-°m\pw
ka¿Yn-°m\pw ÿm]n-°m\pw Xs‚ k-
abw ]cn-]q¿W-ambn \o°n-h® dn®m¿Uv
tUm°n≥kv F∂ \s´-√p≈ Pohn-bm-
Wv.-(57) F∂Xv Gsd Bthiw ]I-cp-∂-
XmWv. temIØv Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cn¬
A-Xyp-∂-X-\mb ]cn-Wma aX ]t_m-[-
Is‚ ]°¬\n∂v CØcw Hcp enXw
te-mIw Bkz-Zn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
Krl-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn-eqsS kky-ß-fn-
epw sNSn-I-fnepw am‰w kw`-hn-°p-∂p.
F-∂-Xm-Wt√m ]IrXn \n¿[m-c-W-
Øn\pw AXp-hgn ]cn-Wm-a-Øn\pw sXfn-
hmbn ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ BZy- m-KØv A-
h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Krl ]cn-]m-e\w P¥p-
kky temIØv FX-tØmfw am‰w h-
cp-Øpw F∂v IqSn hne-bn-cp-Ømw. DZm-
l-c-W-Øn\v Db¿∂ tXmXn¬ a[pcw
e`n-°p∂ Icnºv Xnc-s™-SpØv h-f-¿-
ØnsbSpØm¬ a[pcw ]cn-[n-I-tf-Xp-an-
√msX h¿[n-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°ptam? A-
Xvt]mse FÆ-°p-cp-hmb tNmf-Øn-s‚
FÆ-bp-Xv∏m-Z\ tijn h¿[n®v tNm-f-
°p-cp-hnse FÆ-bpsS Afhv 100 iX-
am-\-Øntem \qdp iX-am-\-Øn-\-SptØm
FØp-tam. Cs√-∂m-Wv hkvXp-X. GXv
k-ky-sØ-bm-bmepw AXns‚ Izmfn‰n h-
¿[n-∏n-°m-\p≈ iaw Hcp ]cn-[n-bn-se-
Øn-bm¬ \n¬°pw. GsXmcp PohnbpsS
Ahÿbpw AXpt]mse Xs∂. DZm-l-
c-W-Øn\v Hcp ]tXyI tcmK-Øn-s\-
Xnsc ]Xn-tcm[w t\SpI As√-¶n¬ ]-
tXy-I Imbn-I-tijn hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°pI
Xp-S-ßnb coXn-bn¬ Hcp P¥p-(h¿Kw)
]p-tcm-KXn t\Sp-∂-Xn\pw CXp-t]mse
]cn-[nbpw ]cn-an-Xn-bp-ap-≠v. tUm°n≥kv
CXv hy‡-am-°p-∂p.
""C√n-t\mbn FIvkv]n-cn-sa‚ v tÃj-
\nse Irjn imkvX-⁄¿ hfsc ]-
t≠,- AXm-bXv 1896 apX¬ sNbvXp-h-cp-
∂ Hcp ]co-£-W-am-Wn-Xv... BZy Km^n-
Iv NnX-Øn¬ tNmf hnØp-I-fnse FÆ-
bpsS Af-hns\ kw_-‘n® IW-°p-I-
ƒ c≠v IrXna tcJ-I-fpsS klm-b-
tØm-sS NnXo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp tcJ
IqSnb FÆbpsS km∂n-[yhpw at‰Xv
Ipd™ km∂n-[yhpw ]Zm\w sNøp-∂p.
CXv icn-°pw \S-Ø-s∏´ ]co-£Ww X-
s∂-bm-Wv. t_m[-]q¿h-ap≈ c≠v CS-
s]-Sep ^e-amWv \man-hnsS Xmc-Xayw
sN-øp-∂-Xv. hyXymkw hfsc \mS-Io-b-
am-sW∂v amX-a√ AXv ItaW h¿[n-
®p-h-cn-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. apI-fn-te-°p≈
t]m°pw Xmtg-°p≈ t]m°pw Ah-km-
\w Hcp ka-Xp-e-\m-hÿbn-embn C√m-
Xm-Ip-∂Xpw ImWmw. ImcWw Ipd™
F-Æ km∂n[yw ]qPy-Øn¬ t]mIm≥
km-[y-a-√. IqSnb km∂n[yw hfsc kv-
]jvS-amb Imc-W-ß-fm¬ Aß-s\-bm-Ip-
I-bpan√.''(58)
Cu ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬\n∂v sNSn-Isf
Krl-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn-eqsS hfsc Hu∂-Xy-
Øn-te°pw AXp-t]mse Gsd A[-a-
Xz-Øn-te°pw \bn°m≥ km[y-a√ F∂v
]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse Fen-I-fn¬
\-S-Ønb Hcp ]co-£-W-hp-w IqSnb tUm-
°n≥kv hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
""IrXna \n¿[m-c-W-Øns‚ bYm¿Y
i‡n shfn-hm-°p∂ as‰mcp et_m-d-´-
dn ]co-£Ww IqSn t\m°mw. as‰m-cp-X-
c-Øn¬ \sΩ ]eXpw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp
]co-£Ww Xs∂-bm-W-Xv.'' ""...Z¥-£-b-
Øn-s\-Xnscbp≈ ]Xn-tcm-[-ti-jn-bpsS
A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ GXm≠v 17 Xe-ap-d-
I-fn¬ Fen-Isf sXc-s™-Sp-°p-∂Xv
k-w_-‘n® IW-°m-Wv. FX-Imew A-
s√-¶n¬ FX Znhkw Fen-Iƒ Z¥-£-
b-Øn¬\n∂v ap‡-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn-
s\ Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bmWv ChnsS k-a-bw
Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]co-£-W-Øns‚
XpS-°-Øn¬ Z¥-£b oj-Wn-bn-√m-Xn-
cp∂ icm-icn Ime-L´w 100 Znh-k-am-bn-
cp-∂p. GI-tZiw 12- -Hmfw Xe-ap-d-I-fn¬
\S-Ønb sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-eqsS Z¥-£-b-
an-√mØ Ime-L´w GXm≠v \men-c- ntbm
AXn-e-[n-Itam Bbn Zo¿Ln-∏n-°m-\m-
bn. ho≠pw CXn\v hn]-co-X-ambn Z¥-
£-bw ]nSn-s]-Sp-∂Xv FXbpw t\c-sØ-
bm-°m-\mbn sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-Ønb F-
en-Isf ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ as‰mcp tcJ-
bpw hc-®n-´p≠v.''(59) Chn-sS aqjn-I≥am-
cp-sS Z¥-£bw Xosc C√m-Xm-°m\pw
G‰hpw ]mc-ay-Øn-se-Øn-°m-\p-ap≈ ]-
_kv, _kmbpw hnam\w hnam-\-
ambpw sX-ßv sXßmbpw Ddpºv
Ddp -ºmbpw ]-cn -W-an®Xns‚
sXfn-hp-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv
GsX-¶nepw \nkm-c-°m-c-\-√. C-
∂v temIØv Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-
Xn¬ G-‰hpw D∂-X\pw
HmIvkvt^m¿Uv bqWn-th-gvkn‰n
ap≥ s]m^-k-dp-amb dn®m¿Uv
tUm°n≥kmWv.
2013 tabv 47
co-£-W-Ønepw ^e-]m]vXn a[y-am-h-
ÿ-bn¬ \n¬°p-I-bmWv F∂Xv Gsd
it≤-b-am-Wv.
Cu c≠p et_m-d- dn ]co-£-W-ß-
fn¬\n∂pw Hcp Imcyw hy‡-am-hp-∂p.
B-kq-Xn-Xhpw t_m[-]q¿h-hp-ambn k-
ky-tem-IØpw P¥p-tem-IØpw \S-Øn-
b ]co-£-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂v P¥p-hm-bm-
epw kky-am-bmepw Ahbv°v ]cn-[nbpw
]-cn-an-Xnbpw adn-I-S∂p Hcp am‰hpw km-
[y-a-s√-∂m-Wv. Cu ]co-£W e-߃
IqSmsX CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ am‰-ß-fpsS ]cn-
[nsb hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂ DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw
tUm°n≥kns‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Gsd-
bp-≠v. AXn-te°v t]mIp-∂n-√. IrXna
\n¿[m-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw Krl ]cn-]m-e-
\-Øn-eq-sSbpw Bkq-Xn-Xhpw _p≤n-]q-
¿hhpw \nb-X-ambn CS-s]- n´p ew a[y-
am-hÿ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂p F∂-Xn¬ \n∂v
Hcp Pohn°pw Hcp kv]ojn-kn\pw as‰m-
cp Pohntbm kv]ojntkm Bbn ]cn-W-
an-°m≥ km[y-a-s√∂v sXfn-bn-°p∂p Cu
]co-£Ww Bkq-Xn-Xhpw t_m[-]q-¿-
hhpw \nb-X-amb am¿K-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v
\SØnbn´pw hnti-jn®v am‰-ß-sfm-∂p-ap-
≠m-Ip-∂n√ F¶n¬ ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ ss\-
k-¿Kn-I-ambn bmsXmcp _mly CS-s]-S-
ep--an-√msX GsX-¶nepw Pohntbm ssP-
h-h¿Ktam Fß-s\-bmWv as‰mcp Po-hn-
tbm ssPh-h¿Ktam Bbn ]cn-W-an-°pI
F∂p sXfn-bn-°pI t]mbn v hniz-kn-°p-
I?! ]s£ ]cn-Wma hnizm-kn-Iƒ A-
ßs\ hniz-kn®pw ]N-cn-∏n®pw sImt≠-
bn-cn-°pw. ImcWw ssZh-krjvSn F∂-
h-¿°v Nn¥n-°m≥ t]mepw Ah-cpsS A-
l-¶m-c-a-\p-h-Zn-°n-√.
Ref:29 bp‡nZ¿i\w (]-cn-jvI-cn® ]Xn∏v)
No-^v FUn-‰¿ bp. Iem-\m-Y≥, F. Sn tIm-hq¿ SÃv, tImgn-t°m-Sv, t]Pv 1
30 AtX ]pkvXIw apJ-hpc t]Pv 5, ]p-dw-N´
31 www.en.wikipedia.org/niyandarthal32 `qan-bnse G‰hpw al-Ømb Zriy-
hn-kvabw ]cn-Wm-a-Øns‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ: Un.chn-N-µ≥ Un. kn _pIvkv, t]Pv 49
33 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 49
34 www.wikipedia.org/plato35 www.wikipedia.org/anceanteagypt36 www.wikipedia.org/indus_wally-civi-
lization37 www.wikipedia.org/neolithic_europe38 bp‡n-Z¿i\w t]Pv 93
39 AtX ]pkvXIw, t]Pv 1
40 \mkvXn-I-\mb ssZhw: dn®m¿Uv
tUm°n≥kns‚ temIw, kn. chn-N-µ≥, Un.kn. _pIvkv, t]Pv 202
41 AtX ]pkvXIw, t]Pv 200
42 AtX ]pkvXIw, t]Pv 209
43 `qan-bnse G‰hpw al-Ømb Zriy-hn-kvabw: ]cn-Wm-a-Øns‚ sXfn-hp-Iƒ:
t]Pv 52, 53
44 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 53, 54
45 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 54
46 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 56, 57
47 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 57
48 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 57
49 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 58
50 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 68
51 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 91, 92
52 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 91
53 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 112
54 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 112
55 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 112, 113
56 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 108,109
57 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 7
58 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 104, 105
59 AtX ]pkvXIw t]Pv 105
(XpScpw)
b≥ teJ\߃' aebmfØn¬ A]q¿-
ham-Wv. Iu¨knenwKv sk‚dnseØnb
hnhmltamNnXbpsS kzImcyhn-jbß-
tfm-sSm∏w Xs‚ hnjbmk‡n IqSn ]pd-
sØ-Sp°msa∂v IcpXp∂ aq∂mwInS Iu-
-kne¿amcpsS "NnI™pt\m°v Akp-
Jw' t]msebmhWw kz¥w teJ\-Øn-
s‚ D≈S°w F∂v IcpXp∂hsc Ipdn-
-®v F¥v ]dbm≥!
AØcw kmwkvImcnI ]cZq-jW-
߃°v adp]Snsbßns\bmhWsa∂v
H∂ntesd ]mhiyw A\p`hn®dnbm≥
Hcmƒ°v Ign™psIm≈W-sa∂pan√-
t√m. aX]finX¿ apX¬ kmlnXyIm-
c-∑m-¿ hsc hnhmlØnepw hy‡nPohn-
X-Ønepw \SØnb ]e "ssIInbIfpw'
A-ßmSn∏m´mWv. \qdv IfhpIfpw tN¿-
Øv ImtXmSpImtXmcw ssIamdp∂ CØ-
cw shfn]mSpIƒ°v enJnXcq]w sImSp-
°p-∂Xv F¥v BhnjvImckzm-X¥y-Øn-
s‚ B\pIqeyØnembmepw \oXoI-cn-
°m-hX√.
aplvkn≥ ssaX
UqWns‚ Ckvemamt«jw
\¬Ip∂ ]mTw
Ckvemans\ hfsctbsd tamiamb
`mjbn¬ ’n®v temIhym]Iambn hna-
¿i\ßtf‰phmßnb U®v kn\nabpsS
\n-¿amXm°fn¬ Hcmfpw tlmf≠nse
][m\ cmjvSob I£nbmb ^oUw ]m-
¿´nbpsS t\Xmhpamb A¿tWmƒUv hm-
≥ UqWns‚ CkvemaXmt«jw Gsd D-
ƒ-]pfItØmsSbmWv ihn®Xv.
Xs‚ kn\nas°Xnsc h∂ i-‡-
am-b ]Xntj[w, B aXØns‚ A¥-
k-Øsb Ipdn®v IqSpX¬ ]Tn°m≥ t]-
c-Iamsb∂pw AXneqsS aplΩZv \_n-
bpsS Z¿i\w hy‡ambn t_m[y-s∏-
s´-∂pw Uq¨ ]dbptºmƒ, sX‰p[-cn-
°p-∂h¿°v ]cnip≤ aXØns‚ k-tµ-
i-ßsfØn®p sImSp°p∂Xn¬ \mw
IrXyhntem]w \SØnbmep≠mhp∂
]XymLmX߃ Hm¿Øpt]mhpIbmWv.
Ckvemw Bt«jWØn\v tijw a-
Zo-\ ]≈nbnseØpIbpw Camw ip-ssd-
ap-ambn IqSn°mgv® \SØpIbpw A¬
Pkod Nm\en\v A`napJw \¬IpIbpw
sN-bvX At±lw, aXmt«jWØn\v
tijw In´nb ]XnIcWßsf Ipdn®pw
kw-kmcn®p. ]m¿´n t\Xm°fpw ]cn-N-
b-°mcpw cmPytZmlnsb∂pw FSp-Ø-Nm-
´°mcs\∂pw ]cnlkn°ptºmgpw Xm-
≥ Gsd Imeambn \SØnb ]T\-ß-fp-
sS-bpw a\\ßfpsSbpw eambn kjv-
Smhv \¬Inb kΩm\amWv Ckvemsa∂
hnizmkØn¬ Dd®p \n¬°p∂p.
icnbmb cq]Øn¬ Ckvemans\ ]-
t_m-[\w sNbvXm¬, ]Izamb cq]-Øn-
¬ hna¿i\ßtfmSv ]XnIcn®m¬ B-
fp-Iƒ CXns\ ASpØdnbpsa∂pw s\-
t©-‰psa∂pamWv UqWns‚ Ckvemw B-
t«jw ]t_m[I¿°v \¬Ip∂ ]mTw.
E-Pphmb am¿KØn¬, Ignhns‚ ]cam-
h-[n ]cnip≤ ]t_m[\w sNøm≥ i-
an-°pI; AXn\p \mY≥ XpW°s´ F-
∂ ]m¿Y\tbmsS.
˛\nPn¬ K^mkv ]n.hn
(7mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)
2013 tabv 48
IqSn-°mgvN
sXßn≥ I≈v F∂ hm°v el-cn-bp-≠m-°p∂ I≈n-
s\-Ip-dn-°m≥ amX-a-√, sXßn¬\n∂v t\cn v e`n-°p∂ H´pw
el-cn-bp-≠m-°mØ a[p-c-]m-\o-b-sØ-Ip-dn-°m\pw ]tbm-
Kn-°m-dp-≠v. Ad_v \mSp-I-fn¬ _nb¿ F∂ t]cn¬Xs∂
H´pw el-cn-bp-≠m-°mØ ]m\obw e`y-am-Wv. Jwdv F∂
A-d_n ]Zw ap¥n-cn-bn¬\n-∂p-≠m-°p∂ aZy-sØ-Ip-dn-°m-
\pw el-cn-bp-≠m-°mØ a[p-c-]m-\o-bsØ Ipdn-°m\pw ]-
tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. Jwdv (ho-™v) ap¥n-cn-bn¬\n∂v ]ngn-s™-
Sp-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Ip-dn®v Izp¿-B-\n¬ (12:36) ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v. ]ngn-
s™-Sp-°p-tºmƒ AXv el-cn-]m-\o-b-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√-t√m.
kz¿K-Ønse ]m\o-b-߃ el-cn-bp-≠m-°m-Ø-Xm-bn-cn-°p-
sa∂v Izp¿-B-\nse 37:47, 56:19 F∂o kq‡-ß-fn¬ hy‡-
am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. kz¿K-Øn¬ Jwdns‚ (a-Zy-Øn-s‚) Acp-hn-
I-fp-≠m-Ip-sa∂v ]d™ 47:15 kq‡-Øn¬ AXv elcn
Zmh-I-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-™n- n√.
""Poht\msS `qanbn¬ Ccn°ptºmƒ aZyw Ign°mXncn°p∂ a\pjy¿ acn®v Acq]nIfmbn
sN√ptºmƒ BtLmjn°m≥ aZy∏pgIƒ HgpIp∂ A_vImcn tIm¨SmŒdpsS XeØnte°v
A√msb Xcw XmgvØp∂ samlΩZmWv, A\pbmbnIƒ°v BZcWob\mb hy‡n. ChnsSbpw
sam-lΩZns‚ Akw_‘w A√mbpsS Xebnembn. Cu hm°pIƒ samlΩZv aZy-e-l-cn-bn-em-bn-
cn-°mw FgpXnbXv.'' aebmfØnse Hcp ]apJ tªmKdpsS Ia‚mWnXv. IqSn°mgv®bneqsS DØcw
]-Xo£n°p∂p.
˛kPo¿ sI, FShÆ
2013 tabv 49
F√m ]oU-\-Øn\pw ImcWw A¬]-h-kvX-[m-c-W-am-
sW∂v kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂Xv
hcn-Isf hkvXm-t£-]w sNbvX-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°mw.
ssewKnI ]oU-\-Øn\v _lp-hn[ Imc-W-ß-fp-≠m-Ipw. A-
sX-√mw ChnsS hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xn-√. am\y-ambn hkvXw
[-c-n-°p∂ kvXoIƒ hfsc Ipd-®p- am-Xsa ssewKnI Itø-
‰-Øn\v Cc-bm-Ip-∂p-≈q-sh∂v am[ya dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ Ah-
tem-I\w sNbvXm¬ hy‡-am-Ipw. BZn-hmkn kvXoIƒ
ssew-KnI Nqj-W-Øn\v [mcm-f-ambn Cc-bm-Ip-∂-Xmbn
dnt∏m¿ v sNø-s∏- n- p-≠v. ]pI-bn-e-bp-sSbpw aZy-Øn-s‚bpw
a-b-°p-a-cp-∂n-s‚bpw ]tem- -\-Øn¬ Ah¿ thKw hogp-∂-
Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°mw _em¬°mcw Hs´ms° Hgn-hm-Ip-∂-
Xv. hoSp-I-fn¬ \S-°p∂ ]oU-\-߃°v ][m-\-Im-cWw c‡-
_-‘-p°-f-√mØ kvXo ˛]p-cp-j≥am¿°v hfsc ASpØv
CS-]-g-Im≥ Ah-kcw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-fnepw
s]mXp-hm-l-\-ß-fn-ep-sams° ]oU-\-߃ \S-°p-∂p-≠v. Aw-
K-em-hWy ]I-S\w Fhn-sSbpw AXn-s\mcp t]c-I-am-Imw.
temIØv \S°p∂ kvXo]oU\Øn\p≈ apgph≥ ImcWw icoc`mK߃ ]pdØv ImWp∂ h-kv-
X[mcWcoXnbmsW∂mWv kvt\lkwhmZw amknI hmbn®m¬ tXm∂pI. Aßs\¶n¬ A-¬]
hkvX[mcnWnIfmb BZnhmkn kvXoIft√ G‰hpw IqSpX¬ ]oU\a\p`hnt°≠Xv? am-Xa√,
C¥ybnse ]oUnXcn¬ qcn]£hpw s]mXpÿeØv sh®√, ho´ntem tPm-en-ÿ-e-ßfntem BWv
]oUn∏n°s∏Sp∂Xv. ChnsS hkvXØns‚ ]k‡nsb¥v? ]iv\ßfpsS ImcW߃ NnI-bp-
∂nSØv A\mhiyhniZoIcW߃ \¬Ip∂Xv bYm¿Y ]iv\ßsf XakvIcn°mt\ CS hcpØq.
˛a\oj sNdphØq¿
Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw apl-ΩZv \_n Bcn¬\n∂pw
kz¥w Bh-iy-Øn\v Zm\w kzoI-cn-®n- n-√. kIm-Øv, kZJ
(\n¿_-‘hpw sF—n-I-hp-amb Zm\-߃) F∂o hIp-∏p-I-
fn¬ s]´ bmsXm∂pw Xmt\m Xs‚ IpSpw-_mw-K-ßtfm A\p-
-hn-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂ \ne-]m-Sn¬ At±lw BPo-h-\m¥w
Dd-®p-\n¬°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. \_nbpsS ]uX≥ Zm\-
kz-Øn¬s]´ Hcp CuØ-∏gw FSpØv hmbn-en-´-t∏mƒ
At±lw AXv Xp∏n-°-f-bm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-´p-sIm-≠v ""\mw
Zm\w `pPn-°m≥ ]mSns√ ∂v \n\-°-dn-™p-IqsS?'' F∂v
tNm-Zn-®p-sh∂v _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw dnt∏m¿ v sNbvXn- p-
≠v. ""CXn-s‚- t]-cn¬ \nß-tfmSv Rm≥ bmsXmcp ]Xn-^-
ehpw tNmZn-°p-∂n-s√∂v \o ]d-bWw'' F∂v A√mlp \-
_ntbmSv I¬]n-®-Xmbn hnip≤ Izp¿-B-\nse 25:57 kq‡-
Øn¬ ImWmw. CXn\v hncp-≤-ambn \_n P\-ß-fn¬\n∂v
Zm\w kzoI-cn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ iXp-°ƒ°v At±-lsØ X≈n-
∏-d-bm≥ AsXmcp aXn-bmb \ymb-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. hnip≤
Izp¿-B-\nse 58:12 kq‡-Øn¬ A√mlp I¬∏n-®n- p-≈Xv,
dkq-ens‚ s]mXp-k-Z- n¬sh®v At±-l-tØmSv kwkm-
cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Xr]vXn-s∏-SmsX cl-ky-kw- m-jWw \S-
Ø-W-sa∂v \n¿_-‘-ap-≈-h¿ AXn\v apºmbn ]mh-s∏-´-
h¿°v h√ Zm\hpw \¬I-W-sa-∂mWv. A∂v hnizm-kn-I-
fn¬ A[n-I-t]cpw Zcn-Z-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]hm-N-I-t\mSv cl-ky-
kw-`m-jWw \S-Øm≥ Ah-kcw e`n-°p-∂Xv Hcp _lp-a-
Xn-bmbn ]e ]ap-Jcpw IW-°m-°m≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ A-
h-sc ]co-£n-°m\pw Ah-cpsS FÆw \nb-¥n-°m\pw th-
≠n--bmWv Ah¿ AXn\v apºv ]mh-s∏- -h¿°v h√ Zm\hpw
\¬I-W-sa∂v A√mlp I¬∏n-®-Xv. CXv Hcp \n¿_‘
_m[y-X-bmbn \n›-bn-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂v 58:12, 13 kq‡-ß-
fn¬\n∂pXs∂ Kln-°m-hp-∂XmWv.
A√mlphns‚ ]hmNI\pambn clkykw`mjWw \SØpIbmsW¶n¬ \n߃
A-t±lØn\v ssIaS°v sImSp°Wsa∂mWv Izp¿B≥ 58:12s‚ Xm¬]cyw. hdp-
XnbpsS a°m\mfpIƒ°v tijw aZo\bnseØnb \_n kpJtemep]\msb∂pw
AXn\v ssZhsØ Iq´p]nSn®v kz¥w Xm¬]cy߃ kwc£n°p∂ hN\߃
Cd°nsb∂pamWv CXn¬ \n∂v a\ nemhp∂Xv. adns®mc`n]mbw \n߃°v
Is≠Øm≥ Ignbptam?
˛ioPnØv Xncp\mhmb
2013 tabv 50
A-_q-A-ao≥-
k∑m¿Kw hn‰v Zp¿am¿Kw hmßp-∂-h¿
temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-hns‚
am¿K\n¿tZ-i-߃ A\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°m-
\p-≈ A\p-Klw al-Ømb ku`m-Ky-
am--Wv. kXy-Øns‚ ]£Øv Dd®v \n-¬-
°m-\pw ssZhnI am¿KZ¿i\w e`n-°m-
\pw BK-ln-°p-Ibpw ]m¿Yn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w k∑m¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v
Zp-¿am¿K-Øn-te°v hgpXn t]mIm-Xn-cn-
°m-≥ PmKX ]ment°≠-Xpap≠v. \-
_n- hgn-tI-Sn¬ \n∂v c£tXSp-Ibpw
k-∑m¿K-Øn-\mbn ]m¿Yn-°p-Ibpw ]-
Wn--sb-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p.
kXyw Adn™p F∂-XvsIm≠v am-
Xw GsXm-cmƒ°pw kzoI-cn®p sIm-≈-
W-sa-∂n-√. tZtl-—Ifpw uXnIkpJ-
ßfpw Hcm-fpsS a\- n¬ ÿm\w ]nSn-
°p-tºm-ƒ kXy-Øn\v t\sc Hcp-Xcw
A-‘-X-bm-bn-cn°pw Abmƒ°p-≠m-hp-I.
A-Ø-c-°m-cpsS IÆpw ImXpw lrZ-b-
hpw k∑m¿Kw kzoI-cn-°m≥ klm-bn-
°m-Ø hn[w D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-am-bnt]mIp-
∂-XmWv. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: ""F∂m¬
Xs‚ ssZhsØ X∂n-jvS-am-°n-b-hs\
\o I≠pthm? Adn™v sIm≠v Xs∂
A-√mlp Ahs\ ]ng-hn-em-°p-Ibpw, A-
hs‚ ImXn\pw lrZ-b-Øn\pw apZ-sh-
°p-Ibpw, Ahs‚ IÆn\v ta¬ Hcp aqSn
D≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.''(45:23)
]hm-N-Is‚ ]nXr ktlmZc-\mb A-
_q--Xzmen_n\pw tdmam NI-h¿Øn ln-
¿-°-en\pw kXyw t_m[y-s∏- n- pw AXv
kzo-I-cn®v t\cns‚ ]£Øv \nebp-d-
∏n-°m≥ km[n-°msX t]mbXv X߃°v
In´n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ P\-]n-¥pWbpw
ÿm\- -am-\-ßfpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂ Nn¥-
bmbncp-∂p-sh∂v NcnXw \sΩ Hm¿-
as∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS kz`m-
h-am-bn- mWv CØcw uXnI ]a-ØZ hn-
ip-≤ Izp¿-B≥ (14:2,3) ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-
∂Xv.
kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-Is´ uXn-Item-
I--Øns‚ hne-bpw ]mc-XnI temI-Øn-
s‚ al-Xzhpw Xncn-®-dn-™-h-cm-bn-cn-
°pw. \_n ]d-bp-∂p. ""Cu `uXn-I-
tem-Iw A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ Hcp sIm-
Xp--Ins‚ Nnd-In-t\m-f-sa-¶nepw ÿm\-ap-
≈-Xm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ahn-izm-kn-bmb
Hcmƒ°v ChnsS \n∂v Hcn-d°v sh≈w
t]mepw IpSn-°m≥ km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-
√.''(Xn¿ap-Zn,- C-_v\p-amP)
`uXn-I-X-bpsS ]f-]-f-∏n¬ h©n-X-
cmbnt]mIm-Xn-cn-°m≥ \mw \nc-¥cw ]m-
¿-Yn-°-≠-Xp≠v. A]-Imcw Xs∂ k-
∑m-¿Kw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v a\p-
jy-s\ XS-bp∂ Hcp Zpxkz`m-h-amWv A-
l--¥bpw Al-¶m-chpw. Al-¶m-cn-I-fpsS
hmk-ÿ-e-amWv \c-I-sa∂v Izp¿-B≥
]e-bn-SØpw Bh¿Øn®v ]d-™n- p≠v.
Al-¥sb hni-Zo-I-cn®v sIm≠v \_n]-Tn-∏n-®Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""Al-¶m-c-sa-
∂m-¬ kXysØ Ah-a-Xn-°epw a‰p-≈-
hsc ]pOn-°-ep-am-Wv.''(apkvenw)
A‘-amb A\p-I-c-W-߃°-∏p-d-
Ø-v kXyt\zjWXrjvW-tbm-sS-bp≈
]-T-\-Øns‚ A`mhw sIm≠pw k∑m-¿-
K-w \jvS-s∏´v t]mtb°mw \c-I-hm-kn-
I--fpsS hnem-]-am-bn Izp¿-B≥ Hm¿an-
∏n-°p-∂Xv ImWp-I. R߃ tIƒ°p-
Itbm Nn¥n-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-cp-s∂-¶n-
¬ R߃ Pzen-°p∂ \c-Im-·n-bpsS
A-h-Im-in-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn-em-Ip-am-bn-cp-
∂n√ F∂pw Ah¿ ]dbpw.''(67:10)
A‘-amb \c-I-Øn-ep-sS hgn-sX-‰n-
°--s∏´ Hcp hn`m-K-Øns‚ sImSpw tJ-Z-
hpw hnem-]hpw hnip≤ Izp¿B≥ Hm¿a-
s∏-Sp-Øp∂p≠v (2:166,167).
]hm-N-I≥ ]Tn-∏n® k∑m¿K ktµ-
i-߃ kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ ]eXpw ]-
d™ "\ymbw' Izp¿B≥ \ap°v ]d™v
Xcp-∂Xv ImWpI. ""A√mlp Ah-X-cn-
∏n-®Xv \n߃ ]n≥]‰n Pohn-°pI F∂v
Ah-tcmSv Bsc-¶nepw ]d-™m¬, A√,
Rß-fpsS ]nXm-°ƒ kzoI-cn-®-Xmbn I-
≠-tX R߃ ]n≥]-‰p-I-bp≈p F∂m-
bn-cn°pw Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv. Ah-cpsS
]nXm-°ƒ bmsXm-∂p-w Nn¥n®v a\- n-
em-°m-Ø-hcpw t\¿hgn Is≠-Øm-Ø-
h-cp-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ t]mepw Ahsc
]n≥]-‰p-I-bmtWm?''(2:170)
]nim-Nns‚ ]e-Xcw sIWn-Ifpw k-
∑m-¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v sX‰n®p If-bm≥X°-
hn-[-Øn¬ Ah≥ Hcp-°n-bn- p-s≠∂pw
A-hsb Ipdn®v PmKX ]men®v ]S-®-h-
t\mSv ]m¿Yn®v apt∂-dm≥ ian-°p-I-bm-
Wv hnizm-kn-Iƒ th≠-sX∂pw Izp¿-B-
≥ sXcy-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≠v.
""Xo¿®-bmbpw ]nimNv \nß-fpsS i-
Xp-hm-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ahs\ \n-ß-
ƒ iXp-hm-bn-Øs∂ KWn-°p-I. Ah≥
Xs‚ ]£-°msc £Wn-°p-∂Xv Ah¿
\c-Im-h-Im-in-I-fpsS Iq -Øn-em-bn-cp-°p-
hm-≥ th≠n amX-am-Wv.''(35:6)
kXy-]m-X-bn¬ ASn-bp-d®v apt∂-dm≥
k-¿h-i-‡-\mb A√mlp \sΩ A\p-
K-ln°s´! Bao≥
A√mlp Ah-X-cn-∏n®, thZ-K-Ÿ-Øn-ep≈ Imcy-߃ ad®psh°p-Ibpw, AXn∂p hne-bmbn Xp—-amb
t\ -߃ t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cmtcm Ah¿ Xß-fpsS hb-dp-I-fn¬ Xn∂p \nd-°p-∂Xv \c-Im-·n-b-
√msX as‰m-∂p-a-√. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]ns‚ \mfn¬ A√mlp Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cn-°pItbm (]m]-ß-fn¬
\n∂v)Ahsc kwip≤cm-°p-Itbm sNøp-I-bn-√. Ah¿°v thZ-\-tb-dnb in£-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
k∑m¿K-Øn\v ]Icw Zp¿am¿Khpw ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn\v ]Icw in£bpw hmßn-b-hcm-Ip∂p Ah¿. \cIin£
A\p -hn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿s°-s¥mcp £a-bmWv! (2:174,175)