The daily newspaper for the SNEC 2017 PV POWER EXPODay 1 – April 19, 2017 free copy

SNEC DAILY

A d v e r t i s e m e n t

UNSW finds solutions to LID in PERC cellsResearchers from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) have pinpointed the causes of Light Induced Degradation (LID) in passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) cells and have developed a process to eliminate them. Presenting on the second day of the SNEC trade show in Shanghai, UNSW’s Stuart Wenham noted that there are two type of cell defects that lead to LID, one of which manifests as pronounced LID between five and ten years after installation.

The enthusiastic uptake of PERC cell technology has been one of the major technology trends within PV cell manufacturing in recent years. Delivering a substantial efficiency boost and with the ability to be deployed as an upgrade to existing cell lines, PERC cell production continues to increase in vol-ume and as a share of overall output. LID, which is often also influenced by temperature, is a par-ticularly “nasty” effect, said Wenham, wiping out the efficiency boost delivered through the PERC processes and potentially manifesting itself many years after module installation.

Researchers at the UNSW say that they can test for both Type 1 and Type 2 defects in PERC cells that will eventually lead to LID. Stuart Wenham set out in his presentation at the conference how his team could also model future degradation as a result of both defects.

The Australian PV researchers, who have worked closely with the Chinese PV industry for many years (with Wenham himself a for-mer Suntech CTO), have also been involved in developing manufacturing processes and equip-ment through which both types of LID-causing defects can be addressed. The process involves cell hydrogenation and then controlling the charge state of hydrogen atoms throughout the process steps.

“Stuart [Wenham] said the LID problem has been solved at the UNSW, but it is a bit more com-plicated than it first appeared,” Martin Green, who heads up the UNSW’s Center for Advanced Photovoltaics, told SNEC Daily. “The second type of [LID-causing] defect depends on the details on the hydrogenation process itself.”

“Manufacturers need to control the charge state of the hydrogen firstly to enable it to move quickly through the silicon material, and sec-ondly to be most effective in neutralizing the defect once it arrives there.”

Wenham says that over the last six months UNSW has been granted eight patents relating to its work on LID in both multi and mono PERC. It is collaborating with a group of around 15 PV cell manufacturers on its work.

On the production solutions for the hydroge-nation process, including controlling the charge of the hydrogen, the UNSW is working with a number of equipment providers including com-panies such as Asia Neo Tech, Schmid, Dr Laser and Meyer Burger.

If LID issues for multicrystalline PERC cells can be addressed at the production stage, it would open the way for more widespread adoption. At present, many manufacturers have shown a pref-erence for monocystalline PERC, with efficien-cies of more than 21% achievable after a line is upgraded. Manufacturers including Hanwha Q Cells and REC both produce large volumes of multi PERC and have claimed for some years to have solved the LID issue. Alongside the UNSW process, the quality of the crystalline silicon wafer material itself is also a significant factor in the LID effect.

LID in monocrystalline PERC has been under-stood for some time, with ISC Konstanz research-ers having previously identified the boron-oxy-gen complex in silicon as the chief culprit behind the LID. Having identified this, manufacturers have employed production processes to elimi-nate the defect.

“Today there is no excuse for boron-oxygen defects [in monocrystalline production],” said Wenham during his presentation. He noted that the process time for the LID-preventing pro-cess in monocrystalline cells runs to just eight seconds.

Because the Type 2 LID-causing defect iden-tified by the UNSW manifests itself many years after module installation, conventional test-ing techniques are inadequate. The UNSW has developed a process whereby the Type 2 defect is induced. Wenham set out how his research team places a module in a laminator at 150 degrees cel-sius (C) for 10 hours, after which the module is light soaked.

After testing a large number of solar PV mod-ules purchased on the market with this method, the UNSW team found that all of them exhibited the Type 2 defect. “None of the LID-free modules are actually LID free,” said Wenham. “It high-lights the importance of using the right sort of testing to know whether your module is LID free.”

Stuart Wenham of the University of New South Wales presented his findings on LID in PERC cells.

Page 2 News: Catch up with the latest news from SNEC +++ Page 3 The view from Heraeus: news and opinion from our publishing partner Page 4 Tech corner: Latest product launches +++ Page 5 The main talking points from yesterday’s conference +++ Page 6 The BIG interview: Arctech

Solar CTO Bruce Wang +++ Page 7 Photo Finish: The best images from the SNEC exhibition and conference +++ Page 8 Floorplan: So you don’t get lost!

SNeC schedule for day 1 Wednesday april 1909:00-09:30 Exhibition Opening

#1 Entrance Hall, Shanghai New International Expo Center09:00-12:40 Global PV Financial Summit

Grand Shanghai Ballroom 2, Kerry Hotel09:00-12:00 Scientific Conference (Oral Session)

Pudong Ballroom 1-4, Kerry Hotel08:45-13:00 Industry Workshop on Balance of System and Distributed

PV Technologies Pudong Ballroom 5-7, Kerry Hotel

10:30-12:30 2nd General Meeting – APVIA 3nd Council (Invitation Only) VIP Room 1, Kerry Hotel

12:15-13:00 Delegate Lunch Plum Blossom Room+Orchid Room, 2/F, Kerry Hotel

13:30-17:10 Global PV Financial Summit Grand Shanghai Ballroom 2, Kerry Hotel

13:00-17:00 Scientific Conference (Oral Session) Pudong Ballroom 1-4, Kerry Hotel

17:00-18:00 Scientific Conference (Poster Session) Function area outside of Grand Shanghai Ballroom 1

13:30-17:30 Symposium on PV Poverty Alleviation and PV Agriculture Application Technologies Pudong Ballroom 5-7, Kerry Hotel

14:00-17:00 APPIC Meeting (Invitation Only) VIP Room 5, Kerry Hotel

19:00-22:00 “Huawei FushinSolar” Gala Dinner Pudong Ballroom 1-3, Kerry Hotel

What’s on?

Trina Solar hits 24.16% on six-inch IBC cellVertically integrated Chinese solar company Trina Solar has achieved 24.16% conversion effi-ciency on a six-inch interdigitated back contact (IBC) cell. The efficiency milestone is currently being independently validated in Japan, with results expected to be published next week. This efficiency is an improvement on the 23.5% figure Trina achieved last year with its IBC technology, and 24.4% in 2014.Trina says that while it produced the recent effi-ciency achievement at its R&D facility, it has achieved cell efficiencies of 23.2% on its 50 MW IBC pilot line. Trina Solar’s Jack Feng presented the results during the SNEC conference yester-day, and acknowledged that IBC will remain a niche product from Trina, with the current mar-

ket demanding the focus on low-cost production from manufacturers.“[IBC] is a premium cell product for special appli-cations,” said Feng. “It can be used in distributed and other high efficiency applications.” He noted that IBC cells’ attractive appearance makes them ideal for arrays in which aesthetics are important, such as for e-mobility.Trina Solar also deploys its IBC cells in its solar car racing endeavor, with the Trina Solar team set to take part in upcoming races in Egypt and Australia in 2017. Jack Feng acknowledged in his presentation at the conference that Trina Solar’s Chief Scientist, Pierre Verlinden, has been heav-ily involved in its IBC program.

2 Day 1 – April 19, 2017

A d v e r t i s e m e n t

NEWS FROM SNECChina is set to attract as much as 5.4 trillion yuan ($782 billion) in wind and solar sector investment between 2016 and 2030, off-grid solar stands out as the most economical way to address energy poverty, and curbing carbon footprint brings fur-ther environmental and economic benefits, finds a report by Greenpeace.The message is clear – China is staying true to its energy transition blueprint.In order to deliver on its pledge to increase the proportion of non-fossil fuel sources in primary energy consumption to at least 20% by 2030, China is set to pull in 5.4 trillion yuan ($782 bil-lion) in investment, finds a new report by envi-ronmental organization Greenpeace, drafted in collaboration with five industry associations and research groups.Reflecting the great investment potential of the wind and solar sectors is their contribution to the national GDP.In 2015, wind and solar power generation con-tributed RMB 0.31 trillion to China’s GDP. How-ever, the figure is expected to leap to RMB 1.57 trillion by 2030, the report finds, adding that further economic benefits of the two industries lay in their potential to create job opportunities for roughly 2.4 million people by 2030, as well as indirect job opportunities for 5.3 million more.Switching to renewable energy sources also brings

financial gains in the form of external environ-mental benefits, which are calculated based on the difference between the environmental cost of coal and that of wind and solar PV energy.Greenpeace’s report states that in 2015 Chi-na’s wind and solar PV added approximately 0.16 RMB/kWh and that the figure is expected to reach 0.3 RMB/kWh by 2030. This means that the total external environmental benefits that come as a result of replacing fossil energy sources by 2030 will amount to RMB 456 billion ($66 billion).

Shifting away from coalAccording to the report, China will need to increase its wind and solar PV capacities up from 4% of total power generation in 2015 to 17% by 2030 in order to meet its non-fossil fuel commitments.Assuming China meets its target, wind and solar power could reduce fossil fuel consumption by nearly 300 million tons of standard coal by the end of 2030, which, according to the report, are equivalent to France’s total primary energy con-sumption in 2015.Given that China’s coal-fired power plants con-sume massive amounts of water and are concen-trated in water-scarce areas, they pose an even greater threat to the country’s arid northern

provinces. Therefore, the development of solar PV and wind projects bears an even greater importance.In 2015, solar PV and wind reduced water con-sumption by approximately 0.57 billion m3, and they are expected to save 3.6 billion m3 of water per year by 2030, the report states.In one of its previous reports, Greenpeace help up China as a bright example of the implementa-tion of far-reaching clean energy policies, which in 2016 drove a 62% fall in new coal power plant construction globally.

Starring role of off-grid solarIn recent years, China’s government has poured vast resources into addressing energy poverty. Between 2013 and 2015, the government spent a total of RMB 24.78 billion on expanding electric-ity access.Although a mere 16.5% of that money was spent on off-grid solar PV installations, the technol-ogy was responsible for 43.4% of new energy access achieved in China in that period, states the report.As a result, off-grid solar proved to be the most economical way of supplying electricity to remote areas and provided other nations suffering from electricity access concerns with an example to follow.

Rise in auction model posing new cost challenges for solar, says BNEFThe growth of auctions and tenders in solar is driving down development costs to record low levels, but the nature of wholesale power markets could mean solar is storing up challenges in the near future, says Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) solar analyst Jenny Chase.Speaking on day two of the conference, Chase proffered a warning to China’s solar markets that wholesale power markets seen in other countries are proving unprofitable in regions where low solar prices have been achieved via auction. In Chile, BNEF analysis showed that in the past two years, power prices have begun to crash dur-ing the day as solar and wind load the grid. This is a problem for developers selling into the power spot market during the day, particularly those that had won capacity on time-of-day auctions.

A similar correlation between high solar load and plunging power prices is seen in California, where BNEF analysis showed how solar prices could fall below the average of $30/MWh to just $24/MWh if too much solar is loaded on to the grid between the hours of most sunlight.With the market for auctions and tenders grow-ing – BNEF says that just under 24 GW of solar was built worldwide via this model – price com-petition is fierce, and that will prove problem-atic for some developers. Record-low bids seen in Abu Dhabi (800 MW of solar has been tendered for just under $30/MWh), Mexico and India in recent months are scraping close to a feasible price floor for large-scale solar, Chase believes, and this is being exacerbated by overly optimistic O&M price projections among developers.

In Europe especially, said Chase, developers reg-ularly underestimate their annual O&M costs. BNEF analysis has revealed that it costs approxi-mately €13,000 every year to maintain every MW installed. BNEF believes that developers optimis-tically calculate these costs as low as €10,000 per MW per year in order to win the tender – thus storing up further cost challenges in the future.One potential safety valve that some markets are applying involves demands for local content only. In France, for example, the government has spec-ified that modules installed under its 3 GW ten-der out to 2020 must be produced using less than 750kg of CO2 per kWh – a ruling that strongly favors French suppliers, for example, and will likely put the brakes on the drive for unsustain-ably low solar costs.

China to drive cell capacity growth in 2017, says IHS MarkitChina is poised to account for 70% of all new PV cell capacity expansion in 2017, according to IHS Markit’s Edurne Zoco. Leading Chinese solar cell manufacturers now have enough overseas capacity to serve the U.S. and European markets, thereby freeing up investment funds and R&D efforts to build fur-ther capacity within China in order to support expected growth this year, says Zoco.The chief priority now among producers is to build scale and address cost optimization in 2017, with a big focus among many to maintain high and stable utilization rates across all nodes. Globally, 2017 will also usher in further market share growth for monocrystalline cells, gaining on 2016’s 29% market share as costs continue to fall. By 2020, IHS Markit says, mono cells will account for 37% of the market. China’s Top Run-ner program is just one of a series of high-effi-

ciency-supporting policies aiding the uptake of mono.The general trend of module overcapacity has not impacted the high-efficiency cell sector, where there remains strong demand for such products throughout most leading and emerging markets.

Standard-type BSF cells are losing market share, with PERC set to claim 24% of the market by the end of 2017, growing to 30% by 2020.Zoco’s presentation at the first Plenary Session at the SNEC Conference addressed key trends for the global PV market in 2017 and beyond. IHS Markit is expecting the solar market to add 79 GW of new capacity this year, with an upside potential of 85 GW depending on whether China beats the more conservative installation projections. The main trends continue to be China leadership, Indian growth, a U.S. slowdown and European and Japanese stagnation, Zoco said. Between them, the U.S. and Chinese solar markets are poised to add 8 GW less than in 2016, but China will see fewer quarterly demand peaks and a more even distribution of installations through-out the year.

Latin America and the MENA region will be the main growth areas for solar over the next five years, Zoco said, with emerging markets adding more than 64 GW of new PV capacity between 2017 and 2021. Looking further ahead, the global installation base for solar will likely reach 770

GW by 2021, with more than 60 1 GW+ markets around the world by that date. A key challenge facing China’s solar sector is continued high lev-els of curtailment in some regions. Nationally, actual solar curtailment is 10.10%, said Zoco, and the government has set a 2020 target to reduce this to 3%. To achieve this, extra storage is going to be key, the IHS Markit analyst added, with China able to play a leading role in driving global storage to 22 GWh by 2025. “PV and storage self-consumption is to become a global trend,” Zoco said. “The challenge is one of grid integration and pairing storage with solar on the generation side of the meter.”A recent IHS survey of solar installers and retail-ers found that more than 40% of those asked already offer storage, while a further 35% of installers and retailers plan to do so within two years, Zoco concluded.

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Day 1 – April 19, 2017 3

Unique materials and unique technology to increase efficiencyProduction materials and technology: Over the last eight years, leading silver paste provider Heraeus has supplied an astonishing 4,000 tons of paste to cell producers. Andreas Liebheit, President, Heraeus Photovoltaics believes that one of the keys has been the company’s ability to support a number of technology pathways and is launching a suite of new products at the 2017 SNEC to support various routes to lower cost and higher efficiency.

This SNEC is a big one for Heraeus. The com-pany has hit a very significant milestone – could you tell us a little about that?The significance this time is that it is a six-fold milestone. For the first time ever we launched eight new products in one place. Definitely the biggest chunk of the business is still in solar silver paste, and there we release the next generation solar paste supporting PERC 2.0, black silicon knotless-free, as well as emerging technologies such as n-type.But we also develop our business beyond silver paste and launch our HeraGlaze product. HeraG-laze helps the wafer makers get more efficiency, more purity out of the ingots. We have also entered the segment of infrared and halogenic lamps for the PV industry. We are also offering this in a bundle with the silver paste.

These are the ‘beyond paste’ products from Heraeus. What is the strategy behind this?We feel that unique materials and unique tech-nology all help to increase efficiency. Heraeus is a proven market and tech-nology leader, and our experience and knowl-edge helps us to lever-age other products out of that.Then Heraeus has other unit businesses that are looking into differ-ent areas of activities. We have a Quartzglass unit looking mostly for fiberoptics, but one by-product from this unit is the HeraGlaze, which is applicable to solar. The company also owns a division for light solutions, and again we are

leveraging one of their products for PV. It is a good thing to have these additional benefits avail-able to increase loyalty among customers because we can offer and sell them a more diverse range of products that meet their needs.

Why was the decision taken a few months ago to sell Heraeus’ Target business, which deals in sputtering?You have to see the market from a global perspec-tive. Targets go to semiconduictor and many other industries – glass coating and so on. We didn’t have the volume across these industries to make it

very beneficial, so we sold it to Materion, which has a very large share of that industry and has now dou-bled its volume. So it was less from the solar per-spective and more from the overall perspective. I am still a believer in thin film solar, but the reality is it hasn’t grown. We just

heard in the conference that Hanergy is coming back up, and that some companies are building new thin film capacity, but we see only a cautious advance of presence. Maybe it grows in 5-10 years.

Heraeus has worked with crystalline silicon cell manufacturers step-in-step over the last eight years, now Heraeus in launching the ser-vices provision for these manufacturers, how will that work?We have successfully been providing services for some time in an integrated way, because we cus-tomize our products. No paste is like another, it is customer specific, adapted to their individual processes. This enhances cell efficiency signifi-cantly. This modification of the product is already a kind of service, because we have to understand each customer’s technology and what exactly what they need. Now we take one step further and look left and right at the process stages, along a cell line, and see where we can even fur-ther optimize other processing steps across a cell production line. We are very well prepared for having shared best practices right across the line and assist with bringing up a customer’s cell effi-ciencies even higher.

At the SNEC conference we did hear about the continued pathway of silver paste production, from the VDMA, saying that paste consumption per cell in 2017 will go below 100mg/cell. What is going to happen in terms of continuing silver reductions and cost savings for manufactures?I think reduction of silver will continue but it will not be so drastic as in some years past. First of all when we say sub 100mg, that is the new

cell lines. In the end it averages out with all of the older lines and the overall consumption of sliver is gradually decreasing, around 3 – 4%/Wp decrease of silver consumption each year. We have seen in 2012 and 2013 a paradigm shift when the lines got significantly thinner, that was when we saw 10-15%/Wp silver reduction in one year. Moving forward there will be further optimiza-tion with ultra-fine screens, super screens, double print, and we see that delivering 3-4% reduction.

Are lead-free pastes on the horizon?Two to three years ago, we thought that the demand for lead-free paste will grow stronger. But there is so much lead in the solder paste of modules that the overall product, which is a solar panel in the end, contains lead, so it really doesn’t help a great deal to offer lead-free paste today.

Copper is always on the horizon for silver paste providers like Heraeus. How do you feel about copper plating perhaps challenging Heraeus’ market position somewhere down the line?Copper is a very dirty material and it is difficult to manage fluctuations of copper particles. Cor-rosion of the module, which could look bad after some time, is also hard to manage. At the same time the silver price remains relatively stable. We have seen, around eight years ago, the silver price was three times higher than today, very high, and then manufactures starting thinking about cop-per. But since then the silver price has remained stable. So I don’t see copper as a big threat.However, what we do see coming up, and it may be replacement for busbar technology in use today, is multi-string or multi-wire technolo-gies. We have worked out a concept study of a glue that can be used to glue the wires directly onto the fingers, the cell. These kind of technol-ogies are interesting for the market as they may decrease the cost further again.

Those wire mesh concepts, busbar-less inter-connection, are particularly well suited to high efficiency concepts like heterojunction. How far away do you believe heterojuncion applica-tion could be?For going high efficiency there are three strate-gies that are very solid and are being deployed by different companies. One is to go down the PERC optimization route, or even PERC 2.0, and there

is still a lot of room for efficiency growth up to 22%. The other strategy is to go to n-type or to pair PERC side-by-side with n-type – which is really seeing a boom and more momentum. The third one is heterojunction (HJT). But I would say for manufacturers to really get a return on investment from HJT is something like two to three years away, but it is not too far. It allows cell efficiencies up to 24%. We won’t see companies pursuing all three strategies at the same time, PERC 2.0, HJT and n-type, but companies will decide which direction they will go. Of course Heraeus is supporting all three technologies and it wouldn’t be right to say this one is wrong and another is right. All three technologies are push-ing efficiencies up and we are happy about that.

For HJT, I understand a low temperature paste solution is required. How are you working to deliver that?Actually at the SNEC we have a display here with Meyer Burger on low temperature Ag-pastes, because the paste can only be sintered up to 200C on the HJT cell, and we are in the pole position to promote that here. In contrast to that, for n-type investment the demand really materializes now, we have collaborations here in China on n-type and we will announce a collaboration with one of the main players in n-type here at the SNEC. Of course all of the investments for PERC from Heraeus are working out very well, because there have been several GWs of investment in PERC technology, something like 20 GW in capacity.

What do you expect here at the SNEC in 2017?On one side the high investment in technology is very clearly visible. China’s Top Runner program is stimulating this work very clearly. The other big theme is the integration of the solar industry with the other aspects of the renewables sector. So there are other non-solar products and tech-nologies on display are various booths, things like battery technology and hybrid solutions. We support this convergence of technologies as Her-aeus offer a wide range of innovative products for renewable energies. Solar is really integrating and presenting a good solution to further lower the LCOE of renewables. We are convinced that these costs can be reduced by 50% over the next five years, and Heraeus products and technologies can contribute one-third to this cost decrease.

heraeus Photovoltaics kicks off snEC 2017 with biggest launch of cutting-edge technologies, plus new servicesHeraeus Photovoltaics is to introduce plenty of new products and services at SNEC. They will enable customers to increase PV cell efficiency and significantly enhance production processes to better compete in the industry.Heraeus is launching five new metallization paste products to support new cell technologies such as double-printing, n-type, black-silicon, knotless screens and PERC (passivated emitter and rear cell), as well as a new service product for diffusion consultancy, and two new production process products: HeraGlaze© impurity barrier crucible coating, and infrared-lamps (IR-emitters), making this the biggest launch program in the history of Heraeus Photovoltaics.The new products mark Heraeus Photovolta-ics’ expansion in the PV value chain and will be showcased at the Heraeus booth.“All of our new products and services have the common goal: significantly enhance the overall efficiencies of our customers at cell level as well at production process level. Heraeus is convinced that by increasing efficiencies the costs of renew-able energies can be reduced by a further 50 percent within the next five years and we expect

to be able to contribute about one-third to this cost reduction,” said Andreas Liebheit, President Heraeus Photovoltaics.Want to work for Heraeus?If you think you have the drive and inspiration to become a Solar Superhero, Heraeus wants to hear from you! On the first morning of the SNEC Exhi-bition Hereaus’ HR team will be at the booth (W3, 310) offering live interviews at the Heraeus HR Center. get there for 10:40am to find out if you have what it takes to become a Solar Superhero and join the Heraeus Photovoltaics 270-strong global workforce.

nEWs from hEraEus

German metallization paste specialists Heraeus is presenting a busy SNEC schedule packed with presentations, product launches, scientific workshops and industry milestones. Here is a selection of upcoming Heraeus highlights…

Presentation at scientific ConferenceWhen? Today at 10:45amWhere? Kerry Hotel, Ballroom 1-3As part of the Scientific Conference, Heraeus’s Dr. Weiming Zhang will present: Heraeus, the Technology Leader Pushing for the Limit of c-Si Solar Cell Metallization.

signing CeremonyWhen? Tomorrow at 2:10pmWhere? The Heraeus booth, W3, 310Hereaus signs a cooperation agreement with Chinese solar cell producer Jolywood. In attendance will be Heraeus Photovoltaics President Andreas Liebheit and Jolywood CEO Yong Liu.

after Work PartyWhen? 5:30pmWhere? The Brew @ the Kerry HotelEfficiency meets fun as Heraeus invites you to let your hair down after what promises to be a busy first day of the SNEC exhibition. The evening will include a performance by the Solar Superheroes, as well as the pv magazine Technology Highlights award ceremony. Ticket required for entry – pick one up at either the Heraeus or pv magazine booths (W3, 310 or E2, 396).Throughout the day @ the Heraeus booth there will be hourly presentations in both English and Chinese on alternating topics: Heraeus Photovoltaics – Leading the Future of PV, and Heraeus – Architects of Sustainable Growth.Visitors to the booth can also enjoy trivia quiz games, a virtual reality experience and participate in raffle draws throughout the day.

ExPEriEnCE snEC With hEraEus

Heraeus Photovoltaics President Andreas Liebheit (left) explains to pv magazine editor in chief Jonathan Gifford (right) the strategy behind the unit’s recent industry movements.

“Customization is our key strength; it really

enhances efficiencies for our customers”

4 Day 1 – April 19, 2017

A d v e r t i s e m e n t

INDUSTRY VIEWtECh CornEr

ASM AE unveils three new toolsASM AE, a subsidiary of Hong Kong-listed ASM Pacific Technologies, will demonstrate three of its solar cell manufacturing technologies during this year’s show.The tools have been developed in line with ASM’s Smart Factory concept, focused on automation and network capabilities in manufacturing. “The Smart Factory concept allows manufacturers to tap into the efficiencies, flexibility and scalabil-ity afforded by fully networked solutions,” says Business Development Director Joe Tan.“ Auto-mation and intelligent software delivers factory optimization and moves from the era of data in isolation to holistic data collection, analysis and automatic implementation for maximum opera-tional yield.”

Printing technologyASM AE says that its new XtremePrint print head technology brings further control and respon-siveness to its already award winning EclipseXP metallization platform. The new innovation in paste deposition allows automatic adjustment, which the company says will contribute to faster print speeds and better overall performance for high yield production volumes.

Wafer inspectionWith its SolarWIS-Plus platform, ASM AE aims to prevent defective wafers from finding their way into the production stream, thus improv-ing yield. The system utilizes 3DS capability to assess individual wafers for thickness, saw marks, bow, warpage and microcracks, with additional options available for stain, geometry, edge chips, resistivity, P/N conductivity and wafer lifetime.

Half CellMaking its debut in China, the SolarBlade enables half-cell technology, separating solar cells prior to module integration. The tool uses an optical alignment system, which ASM says provides excellent centerline accuracy and repeatability.

Schmid DW PretexThe application of diamond wire (DW) sawing has been a significant driver of cost reductions in wafer production. The cost benefit of diamond wire saws are clear – they operate more quickly and create less waste silicon. Schmid’s DW Pretex texturing solution for the production of multi wafers addresses this, poten-tially opening the way for diamond wire applica-tions in multi production in a cost-effective way.The DW Pretex process roughens the wafer sur-face, so that it can go on to be processed with the standard HF/HNO3 treatment at the next stage

of production. Demand for a solution to the DW cutting issue is clear – having launched the tool in February, Schmid claims to have already received orders for 500 MW industrial production capac-ity, and expects to see 5 GW by mid-2017. DW Pretex is a modular wet processing sys-tem that can be integrated into production lines through the addition of one machine, either as

the final stage in wafer processing or the initial step in cell manufacture. Schmid has not yet dis-closed the chemicals involved in the process, but states that they are already in common usage within the PV industry. Schmid’s patent pend-ing process has led to wafer surfaces with reflec-tivity as low as 21%, says the company, at an oper-ating cost of less than €0.01 per wafer.

3D-Micromac launches next-gen microCELL laser systemUnveiled today at SNEC, German tooling spe-cialist 3D-Micromac has developed the sec-ond generation of its high-performance micro-cell OTF laser system that it claims can deliver a throughput of 8,000 wafers per hour.The microcell OTF tool was developed for the production of Laser Contact Opening (LCO) of PERC cells, producing twice the throughput of previous iterations. This is facilitated by dual-lane wafer handling and on-the-fly laser process-ing, the company said.

The laser process has long been something of a bottleneck for material flow in the production chain, and 3D-Micromac is confident that this new tool can meet customer requirements for inline integration into two- or three-line met-allization machinery. Now, the second genera-tion microcell tool matches the process steps and speed of other components in a typical PERC production line. Also being showcased at SNEC is 3D-Micromac’s microcell Thermal Laser Sepa-ration (TLS) tool for half-cell cutting.

By Sam Wilkinson of IHS Markit

During the first day and half of SNEC 2017 there have been many conversations, meet-ings and presentations. These have spanned the return of PV cell manufacturing expan-sions to China, an acceleration in demand for mono-crystalline technology, and the uncer-tain outlook for pricing after China’s FIT grace period ends in the middle of this year. However, the one consistent theme has been a sense that the Chinese PV industry is enter-ing a new energy era. Since the release of its national FIT, China has installed PV at a ferocious rate, and as of the end of 2016 had nearly 70 GW of utility-scale PV installed. In 2017, the build out of PV systems in China is set to slow for the first time – the first time that annual instal-lations in the country have declined since the introduction of the national incentive scheme. This has also provided an opportunity for the industry to reflect on the growing importance that solar is playing in the energy mix, and the challenges of integrating high levels of inter-mittent renewables into the power mix in a country with such an established power system.On a global level, there is a sense that solar has gained such huge momentum that its role in the energy world of the future is inevitable. It has moved beyond being a new niche technol-ogy to a serious contender in the energy mix, appearing on the agenda of almost every stake-holder in the energy industry. Conversations within the industry need, and have begun, to move past cost and technology trends to how solar can get to the ‘next generation’. There has been much use of the buzzwords digitalization, smart and internet of energy – all symbols of the increasing need for the solar industry to embrace a new era of integrating into the power system, rather than building capacity with little regard for its impact . As my colleague Edurne Zoco said in her address to the audience of the opening ceremony, “Solar needs to get out of its ‘comfort zone’. In order to be successful in the next stage, the solar industry needs to bet-ter understand and interact with the general electricity market”.Along with this increased need to consider how solar is integrated into the grid has also come a focus on diversifying the types of PV installations in China, with a growing understanding of the potential for residential installations – a market sector that has previously been largely ignored in the world’s largest PV market. One presenter at the conference remarked that res-idential rooftop solar has the ultimate potential to supply a staggering one third of China’s electricity needs. While this figure appears unrealistic, it is clear that China is serious about matching its utility-scale PV ambitions with more distributed systems sited behind-the-meter.I look forward to continuing these discussions in the coming days, and witnessing how China prepares to transition into the next solar energy era.

Chinese solar prepares for a new era

Webinar in association with DowDiscover how to extend module lifetimes beyond current expectations with the use of POe-based encapsulant film.

As PV module manufacturers and end users strive to reduce the cost of electricity and improve the long-term reliability of components, the use of high efficiency, cost-effective components become more important. The choice of encapsulant materials used to protect photovoltaic cells has a significant impact on component power out-put, reliability, service life and overall system cost.

In this webinar, we will share how polyolefin (POE) encapsulant films help module manufacturers reduce module and system lifetime costs. We will focus on the advan-tages of Dow ENGAGE™ PV polyolefin elastomers in PV encapsulant films and how it helps modules achieve excellent resistance to potential induced attenuation (PID) and better power retention.

When: Tuesday, May 9 at 3 pm SGT – Singapore, 9 am CEST – BerlinVisit the homepage of www.pv-magazine.com for information on how to register and participate!

Don’t miss!

New product?

If you have a

new product or

service, let us know!

clover@pv-magazine.com

Jinergy launches bifacial HJT moduleChina’s Jinneng Clean Energy Technology (Jin-ergy) has announced at SNEC that its new ultra high-efficiency heterojunction (HJT) module is now in mass production.The bifacial HJT module has a conversion effi-ciency of 23%, and boasts good weak light per-formance, a leading temperature coefficient of -0.28%/°C, and ultra-low degradation with N-type silicon wafer, the company claims. The new module also has an increased power gener-ation of 8%-20% in different application due to its bifacial cell structure design. Jinergy believes

that this new module can increase power gen-eration by 25% over 25 years, with power gen-eration per unit area boasting the potential for a 40% increase.“Compared with other ultra high-efficiency solar cell, HJT solar cell is manufactured in fewer pro-cedures. We hope to cut the cost through break-through of key technologies and mass produc-tion. Currently, mass production cost of HJT modules is $0.7/W and Jinergy aims to reduce the cost to below $0.4/W within three years,” said Liyou Yang, Jinergy general manager.

Day 1 – April 19, 2017 5

A d v e r t i s e m e n t

Mono surge takes holdGlobal investment in monocrystalline cell pro-duction capacity is surging, with IHS Markit predicting that mono cells will account for 37% of the market by 2020, from about 29% in 2016. However, Chung-Wen Lan, a professor at National Taiwan University who specializes in materials engineering, said that he expects mono and multicrystalline cells to have an equal share of the market by 2025. Lan presented his work in terms of increasing multi ingot sizes, with the potential being major cost reductions. “I think that multi just has the advantage of future cost reduction through increasing the size of the ingots that you don’t get with mono,” said the UNSW’s Martin Green, following Lan’s presentation.

The march of manufacturing innovationJutta Trube, the managing director of PV produc-tion equipment for VDMA Photovoltaic Equip-ment, spoke about the future of crystalline sili-con PV. While presenting the VDMA’s work in compiling the annual International Technol-ogy Roadmap for Photovoltaic (ITRPV), Trube pointed to a range of manufacturing trends set to drive down costs, deliver quality, and push effi-ciencies higher. Trube noted that average pro-duction costs in 2016 came in at $0.37/Wp, on 75 GWp of production. Trends Trube acknowledged in her presentation included reducing wafer thickness, silver paste consumption dropping to 90mg/cell, AOI cell testing being deployed on 70% of cell lines, and the growth of PERC. “Multi texturing will be a big challenge [for diamond

wire cut wafers] but we believe it will be solved in the coming years,” said Trube.

Improving reliabilitySarah Kurtz, reliability group manager and principal scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), pointed to sev-eral “key points” to strategically develop confi-dence in PV systems, starting with the durability of modules and components. “Are they manu-factured consistently?” she asked, adding that components need to be put together effectively as systems. “As costs come down – we see all costs dropping quite quickly – will we compro-mise reliability or can we continue to improve?” Problems with modules appear to be “trending downward.” Degradation rates for modules in the field average about 0.5% to 0.8% per year, she said, citing NREL research from 2013. “It’s likely there is not a single cause,” she said. About 90% of reports for modules deployed before 2000 focus on discoloration. While she acknowledged that such concerns may be reported with greater fre-quency than necessarily warranted, she also the-orized may be the cause of short circuit current, and potentially the “primary cause” of recorded degradation. However, she pointed to a correla-tion between discoloration and a linear increase in ISC. “The degradation rate that we have seen over the years of 0.5% per year is coming largely because of discoloration,” she said. However, sta-tistics show that the number of modules deployed after 2000 that have became discolored has fallen “quite dramatically.” Modules installed on roof-tops tend to degrade at a faster rate than those used in ground-mounted projects, due to higher temperatures. Yet rooftop system owners care much more about reducing degradation rates than about extending product lifetimes. How-ever, it’s “very difficult” to make predictions about how panels might perform, due to rapid technological advancements. 

Convergence of and in PVShawn Qu, chairman and chief executive of Cana-dian Solar, predicted that solar and wind costs will converge by 2018. Solar costs will reach the same levels as conventional energy sources by 2022,

Qu claimed. The convergence of the solar sector with Information Technology and the Internet of Things, was also a major theme of the first SNEC conference plenary session, with a call for PV to “get smarter” and to allow for easier grid integra-tion and high penetrations being made by a num-ber of presentations. Dingming Xu Researcher of Councilors Office of Strategy Council, Chairman of National Energy Experts Consultative Com-mittee PR China made a particularly robust pre-sentation in which he called for a “new and intelli-gent” PV industry delivering a “deepening energy reform.” Xu said that a “grand turn towards the smart PV industry,” is required, “leaving some blue sky, and clean water for our offspring.” Pick-ing up on the theme of integrated PV Chuck Xu, global business director for DuPont Photovoltaic and Advanced Materials, said that electric vehi-cles will continue to drive power demand. In addi-tion, PV+storage applications will be increasingly deployed in the years to come.

Jifan Gao, the co-chairman GSC, President China PV Industry Association, and Chair-man and CEO Trina Solar also picked up on the theme of convergence, calling for the PV sector to evolve and truly deliver the “third industrial revolution.” To do so, Gao said that while the con-vergence of PV with big data and the internet is still “a work in progress” that the electricity sys-tem of the future will be totally different to that of today. “Smart energy and digitized energy – energy should be driven by IT,” said Gao. “We have been thinking about this for a long time, for the new energy should also be driven by digitiza-tion, data is the core of new energy.”

Leaders in dialogueEckhart Gouras, managing director of the pv magazine Group, dismissed concerns about global oversupply. “We had such a banner year in 2016,” noting record installations in China and strong growth in the U.S. “There will be more markets popping up,” he added, pointing to “encouraging” signs in the Middle East, as well as ongoing utility-scale build-out in India and the growing deployment of home systems and off-grid systems in Africa. “We will have demand.”

However, Finlay Colville – head of market

intelligence at Solar Media – argued that when it comes to supply and demand, “very few people understand what’s happening in the global solar industry.” It’s “incorrect” to simply focus on the overall size of the international market, because the global industry is divided into distinct seg-ments. For example, a 2-4 GW module factory can be running in China, he said, “and frankly it doesn’t matter what’s happening in the Mid-dle East. It doesn’t matter what’s happening in India,” because that supplier may not have access to other markets in Europe and is therefore com-pletely dependent on home demand. China, he argued, has a completely different supply and demand outlook than the rest of the world. “Everything is played in different parts.”

However, Rongfang Yin – vice president of global sales and marketing at Trina Solar – countered that Chinese companies are increas-ingly exploiting opportunities in the Asia-Pacific regions, in markets such as India and Australia. He predicted that even more business will open up for companies such as Trina Solar in the “next two years” in Brazil, Argentina and Cuba.

Further into the future, Yin predicted that Chinese companies will target opportunities in Africa. At the same time, storage will unlock new opportunities in dormant but mature markets, he argued, pointing to 3 GW of expected projects in Spain this year.

Yintong Xu, president of smart PV for Hua-wei Technologies, echoed Yin’s comments. “We’re optimistic about PV development. Global demand for clean energy is rising.”

INDUSTRY VIEW

SNEC Daily: Frank, what is your view of the current Chinese solar market?So far between 25 and 30 GW for the entire year in China is expected. For the first half (H1) of the year I expect another bullish period, perhaps 15 to 20 GW.

There have been reports that China has not seen the same peak in H1 this year as we saw last year because developers are taking more time to assess the market. Do you share this view?Not really. I have been looking at demand from a different perspective and analyzing what kind of developers are releasing tenders looking for module or inverter suppliers. So to include Q1 this year so far, I have seen a good 8 GW of projects put up for tender. A fairly large share of them are aiming at being grid connected by the end of June.According to my data, Q1 is the most bullish I have seen during the last five to six years. But of course things can change; the developers could renegotiate, or could shift completion to a later date, not meeting the FIT deadline etc. But one example is State Power Investment Corporation. They released a tender for 1.1 GW modules, for immediate projects. My view on the demand for Q1 and Q2 this year is therefore positive.

What about the Renewable Energy Fund in China, which is where the FIT fund comes from. Some reports have suggested that is it severely underfunded. Are you worried about that at all?It is nothing new that there is a deficit in the fund, this is normal since 2012, and increasing. The collection rate of the renewable energy power surcharge is not where it should be, of course. There is a shortage, but the government will meet its financial obligations. The interesting part will be when the FIT scheme is replaced by a green electricity certificate, and how that is going to play out. This is the great unknown, but is something of relevance next year, not this year.But the deficit is an issue, and companies simply have to hang in; they get paid, but with a slight delay.

What impact has the Top Runner program had on the high efficiency landscape?It drives demand for monocrystalline. If you want to meet the benchmark set for the program, your products simply have to perform better. And it did indeed drive demand in particular for mono, which is why the share for poly and mono is changing, and mono is increasing.The other issue is that the National Energy Administration (NEA) has identified a number of provinces that are no longer optimum for wind development due to grid curtailment. One could wonder whether some provinces may follow for solar – western provinces for example. All north-ern and eastern provinces are off limits for wind developers, so they head down south to the same provinces where solar developers are looking, and compete for the same source: to have their power taken by the grid operator.That might be another interesting development we may see in the next couple of months.

Frank Haugwitz of the Clean Energy Advisory discusses the Chinese solar landscape.

“This is China’s most bullish Q1 for 5-6 years”

FROM THE CONFERENCE FLOOR

6 Day 1 – April 19, 2017

A d v e r t i s e m e n t

BIG Interview: Bruce Wang, the chief technical officer of Chinese solar tracker company Arctech Solar, discusses the multi-layered approach he takes towards ensuring the company’s trackers are as safe as possible, meet the latest safety standards and perform optimally in even the harshest conditions.

SNEC Daily: The advent of safety standards for solar trackers will help differentiate more advanced designs in the industry. Is this why Arctech Solar has been the first tracker com-pany to be certified under IEC62817 and by TÜV?Bruce Wang: Yes, Arctech Solar, as a leading global solar tracker company, has long been ded-icated to the development and manufacturing of solar tracking systems that boast high reliabil-ity. This ensures that our trackers’ various per-formance indexes are of the highest quality, such as maintaining tracking accuracy under a suite of different circumstances, ensuring the strength of the mechanical structures against the exter-nal loads, upholding the capability of avoiding potential risks, and of course, a reduction of the overall energy consumption. All of these performance indexes are thoroughly eval-uated by TÜV based on the IEC62817 standards. Arctech Solar obtained the first cer-tificate for the tracker system under IEC62817 by cooperat-ing with TÜV to perform the tests on the shared test equip-ment and test platforms. In the next phase, Arctech Solar and TÜV will have more col-laboration on the new solar tracker safety standard IEC63104 (which was drafted by Arctech Solar), on the test equip-ment and methods, and on the human resource exchanges and technical communications. This will enable us to evaluate the tracker system in

a more comprehensive and scientific manner, and will help to move the PV tracker industry forward.

Fire is a major concern for the new standard. How does the Archtech design help avoid potential fire problems?Protection against fire hazards is one of the core elements in the new IEC62817 standard. Even for a tracker system with excellent performance, in the case of fire hazard, it will lose its tracking functions, as well as its ability to detect change-able weather and to avoid potential risks. In such condition, the system may cease working in the most disadvantageous position against the wind, and the fire may ignite the nearby plants and spread out, leading to secondary disasters such

as property damage, and even casualties. Therefore, Arctech Solar pro-poses that all factors caus-ing fire hazards be evaluated in this new standard. If non-metallic materials are used in the system, different flame-retardant levels should be considered based on the pur-pose of usage and the dimen-sions of the materials. The potential fire sources, such as the electrical cabinet, are

designed to eliminate fire hazards in their orig-inal design parameters. We design all the prod-ucts from Arctech Solar to an even higher level of fire prevention than those measures outlined in the new standard, to ensure fire safety.

Electric shock is also a key concern under the new rules. How does the Arctech Solar design help prevent electrical shorts and shocks?The protection from electric shock is related to multiple aspects of the tracker system design. For

example, the relationship between current, volt-age and other parameters of the electrical com-ponents, the specification of the wires and the winding displacement, the openings and sealing of the electrical control cabinet, and the preven-tion of the fingers or human body from physically touching the electrical parts. Most importantly, the whole tracking system shall be viewed as a big conductor, and the PV modules, the header boxes, the inverters and the racks are all carrying force electricity. Therefore, the tracker system should have effective and reliable means of grounding to ensure the personnel around the system are pro-tected against any potential electric shock.

Mechanical hazards are also an area of improvement that the new standard encour-ages. How do safe work areas and ergonomics fit into tracker design?Although mechanical hazards do not stand on the top of the list of concerns that frequently bring about the safety issues, they may still cause serious injury and even death, which makes it non-negligible that tracker developers pay heed to these potential hazards. The new standard pro-vides a variety of guidelines on the evaluations and preventions of mechanical hazards, cover-ing human injuries caused by high-speed moving parts, sharp corners, unexpected movements due to power interruptions, or of the system failing to stop in time or in a safe manner, for example.

Climactic variations make some tracker designs bet-ter for different geogra-phies. How does the Arctech Solar design perform under some of the more extreme conditions?Different regions and terrains have different climates, such as extremely high or low temperatures, a chal-lenging damp-heat environment, or are exposed to the humidity-freeze environment. In addi-

tion to these conditions, wind, sand storms and even intense sunlight exposure may be additional factors that suppliers have to concern themselves with when they install a solar tracker system. All of these climatic issues will directly or indi-rectly cause the failure of the system, especially the control system – including the sensors, con-trol units, exposed cables and terminals, and the enclosure of the control box. Therefore, the new standard outlines the details for a lot of requirements. For example, the protection level of the enclosure shall be no less than IP65, and the whole system must withstand temperatures that range from -40⁰C to 80⁰C. The solar tracker products from Arctech Solar are designed to meet even higher requirements; for example, the pro-tection level of our enclosure is designed to meet IP67.

Potential risk from communications and soft-ware failure is also addressed in the new stan-dards. How does the Arctech Solar design pro-tect against such issues?Safety and reliability are two separate aspects, but are closely related. By means of our cloud platform, Arctech Solar performs real-time monitoring on the system and sends out warning messages as soon as any issue occurs. Arctech Solar‘s redundancy design ensures that the sys-tem can operate non-stop, which means that if any error occurs in the electrical components,

such as the sensor, control-ler, or motor for example, the system will send out a warn-ing message to the cloud platform immediately, and meanwhile will automati-cally perform a switch-over to the backup system. It is a requirement of the new stan-dard for the control system

to have this protection of multiple levels, and it is also the standard feature of Arctech Solar‘s tracker system.

Different regions and terrains have different climates, such as extremely high or low temperatures, a challenging damp heat environment, or are exposed to the humidity-freeze environment, says Wang.

Bruce Wang, CTO of Arctech Solar

Tracking safety Phot

os: A

rcte

ch S

olar

“Tracker systems should have effective

means of grounding to ensure the personnel are protected against

any potential electric shock”

“Arctech Solar‘s redun-dancy design ensures that the system can operate non-stop”

Day 1 – April 19, 2017 7

SUDDENLY THE FLOATING HQ BEGINS TO LEAN VIOLENTLY.

IF I’M NOT MISTAKEN, THIS SEÑORA IS SINKING FAST!

DIAMOND WIRE, WIRE MESH, HEAD BENEATH DECK. SHORE UP THIS SHIP! WE’RE ON IT BOSS.

APOLLON’S RED AND GREEN LASERS SCAN FOR THE LAMINATOR.

WHILE IT CAN BE MICROSCOPICALLY THIN AND INCREDIBLY CONDUCTIVE, MY SILVER PASTE IS STRONGER THAN YOU MIGHT THINK.

OUR SOLAR SUPERHEROES STAND ABOARD THEIR FLOATING HQ. TWO OF THE GANG, INSPECTOR VI AND LAMINATOR, ARE SINKING BENEATH THE WAVES. THE LURKING COAL AND OIL MONSTER LOOKS LIKE HE MAY HAVE POURED COLD WATER ON THEIR AMBITION TO POWER THE WORLD WITH GREEN, CLEAN ELECTRICITY.

DIAMOND WIRE AND WIRE MESH FEARLESSLY HEAD TO THE BOWELS OF THE FLOATING HQ TO SEEK THE SOURCE OF THE GIANT BOAT’S TROUBLES.

MEET THE SOLAR SUPERHEROES IN THE FLESH TODAY

AT THE SNEC!

- 10:30AM AT TALESUN BOOTH AT E2/52- 10:30AM – 12 PM AT HERAEUS BOOTH W3/310- 2PM – 3PM IN HALL 3 AT BÜRKLE,

3D-MICROMAC, WAVELABS AND VITRONIC

THROUGHOUT THE DAY OUT AND ABOUT AROUND THE PV MAGAZINE BOOTH E3/396FROM 5:30M IN THE BREW/KERRY HOTEL AT THE PV MAGAZINE AND HERAEUS SNEC VIP RECEPTION

CAN APOLLON’S LASERS GUIDE HIM TO THE SINKING LAMINATOR? IS SILVER MAZE’S FINE SILVER CONTACTS POWERFUL ENOUGH TO DRAG INSPECTOR VI FROM THE WRECKAGE? PICK UP THE APRIL EDITION OF PV MAGAZINE OR THE FREE SOLAR SUPERHERO ALMANAC TO FIND OUT!

AUTHOR: JONATHAN GIFFORDILLUSTRATION: STEFAN LOCHMANN

LAMINATOR

MICHAEL ESSICH, ROBERT GAISER, KEN SONG

KRISTIN SCHUMANN, FREDERICK BAMBERG, MANDY GEBHARDT

APOLLON

ANDREAS LIEBHEIT, MICHAEL TREUTEL, YAN ZHOU

INSPECTOR VI

RICHARD MORETH, FLORIAN STEINER, BILL WANG, BIRGIT VOIGT

FLASH

TORSTEN BRAMMER, FALK WILDGRUBE, VOLKER GUTEWORT, JÖRN SUTHUES

SILVER MAZE

Photo finishThe Kerry Hotel is a rather swish environ at the best of times, but chuck in 300 or so besuited solar experts and it assumes an air of busy excitement as well. Yesterday’s conference built on Monday’s uneven plenary sessions with a series of well-attended talks, presentations and discussions. The mood so far has been positive and eager, with excellent input from figureheads at leading Chinese solar companies as well as analysts from Europe, researchers from the U.S. and a questions from the floor from a wide variety of nationalities. As the exhibition kicks off today, SNEC Daily will be busy reporting live and direct from the show floor, but will also keep an eagle eye on developments in today’s conference – which promises to be another interesting day!

8 Day 1 – April 19, 2017

A d v e r t i s e m e n t

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SNEC(2017)第十一届国际太阳能光伏大会暨（上海）展览会展馆布置图

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W3-903

W3-905

W3-906

W3-907W3-908

W3-909

W3-910W3-911

W3-912W3-913

W3-915W3-916

W3-917

W3-918W3-66015m×6m

290m

B 区D 区

W3-6957m×6m

242m

W3-2386m×6m

236mW3-25815m×9m

2135m

W3-2808m×9m

272m

W3-52014m×16m

2224m

W3-0038m×5m

240m

W3-0018m×12m

296m

人和RENHE

W3-0068m×10m

280m

日地太阳-S

爱康AKCOME

同立

信义XINYI

硕禾GIGA

W3-3709m×13m

2117m

迈贝特

W3-5307m×16m

2112m

维旺VOOYAGA

W3-5387m×16m

2112m

睿基 RUNSOL

赣悦

W3-32014m×25m

2350m

W3-0088m×11m

288m

W3-55014m×25m

2350m

W3-62014m×6m

284m

W3-2859m×4m

236m

天信

环特

W3-2657m×9m

263m

W3-2608m×9m

272m

索沃

W3-6307m×6m

242m

W3-6357m×6m

242m

凯瑞斯

帆度

W3-6807m×6m

242m

永嘉

W3-3754m×13m

252m

W3-38010m×13m

2130m

W3-3885m×9m

245m

W3-3306m×9m

254m

W3-3357m×13m

291m

W3-5857.5m×8m

260m

W3-5807.5m×16m

2120m

W3-2757m×9m

263m

W3-2706m×9m

254m

共益

百佳

W3-6858m×6m

248m

卡思

W3-3557m×13m

291m

W3-3508m×13m

2104m

思可达明昊

欧信

W3-51015m×25m

2375m

W3-5706.5m×16m

2104m

深圳鑫鸿华

东方昊宇-R 隆盛泽

W3-5756.5m×16m

2104m

贺利氏HERAEUS

W3-3166m×5m

230m

W3-3109m×25m

2225m

台玻

W3-5887.5m×8m

260m

W3-5688m×6m

248m

瑞强

C 区W3-3186m×9m

254m

富士特

中信博ZHONGXINBO

华丰W3-100W3-101W3-102W3-103W3-105W3-106W3-107W3-111W3-112W3-113W3-115

冀展圣亿W3-108W3-109W3-110

W3-816W3-817W3-818W3-819W3-820W3-821W3-822 W3-800W3-801W3-802W3-803W3-805W3-806W3-807博显

聚晟

东兴

钰孚泰 小康

方远

无锡斯威克

W3-3906m×7m

242m

聚鑫

W3-3988m×7m

256m

建华 W3-3936m×6m

236m

W3-3958m×6m

248m

ALENT ALPHA

W3-5607m×10.5m

273.5m

W3-5637m×5.5m

238.5m

富科-思邦-YBruker-Spaleck

度辰-YDuchamps

丽瀑-R

奥展

PT SKY-R

同盈

宝来利

尚驰 日盛达

W3-5907m×8m

256m

W3-5937m×8m

256m

欧邦纳贝

W3-5987m×7m

249m

W3-5957m×9m

263m

罗源 索拉特

W3-3688m×6.5m

252m

W3-3658m×6.5m

252m

W3-3607m×13m

291m

威全land

晨科

广易

鸿进

瑞兴源

北微

正太 万超乐清骄阳

BIZLINK-Y

长濑-Y

W3-6907m×3m

221m

华鼎

晶银-R

致嘉EXOJET

W3-3855m×4m

220m

东政

金博太行

W3-2357m×9m

263m

波林

W3-120优轧

中远-YT

W3-808W3-809W3-810W3-811W3-812W3-813W3-815ARaymond希玛

光辉

伏生金鑫

奥得森

富骏

杰蒂诺-R

W3-119博世杰

W3-2336m×3m

218m 嘉科

汇德益

天津华美

W3-3156m×10m

260m

捷昌东升

鸿发

丰金锐-R

欧莱

阿特拉斯-R

W3-823W3-825W3-826W3-827W3-828W3-829W3-830

卡兰特 天昇

繁盛

东鋆

红湖

金菲仕

东升

W3-5658m×10m

280m

福尔鑫

唯特偶东明-R

太阳能组件的配套材料、太阳能系统及配套产品国际品牌馆

SNEC(2017)第十一届国际太阳能光伏大会暨（上海）展览会展位布置图thSNEC 11 (2017) International Photovoltaic Power Generation Conference & Exhibition

时 间：2017年4月19日-4月21日 地 点:上海新国际博览中心W3馆AREA II

AREA III

二区

三区

AREA I 一区

AREA IV 四区

Brand Hall for PV Module Materials，PV Systems Suppliers

W3-3336m×4m

224m

震创

搏新

W3-6757m×6m

242m

昊诚

W3-6706m×6m

236m

中信隆

W3-6757m×6m

242m

W3-6706m×6m

236m

中信隆

博宏

INFOTHE

光彩

W3-2907m×4m

228m

中电光伏-YCSUN/CNS

W3-2985m×4m

220m

W3-6937m×3m

221m

好美

W3-2839m×5m

245m

PV-M

W3-0028m×4m

232m

W3-3166m×6m

236m亿特

三颉

安普盛W3-2937m×5m

235m

台超

W3-902兆运

华瑞晟源

耀利-R

W3-2955m×5m

225m

精腾james

Booth W3-310

Booth E2-396

Entrance/exitEntrance/exitEntrance/exit

5号口4号口3号口2号口1号口

10号口9号口8号口7号口6号口

E2-130E2-129E2-128E2-127E2-126E2-125E2-123E2-115E2-113E2-112E2-111E2-110E2-109E2-108E2-100 E2-107E2-106E2-105E2-102

E2-2956m×6m

236m

6m

25m

24m

6m

6m

Entrance/exit

Entrance/exit

A 区 B 区 C 区 D 区

E2-800 E2-807E2-806E2-805E2-803E2-802E2-801

E2-58013m×16m

2208m

A 区 B 区E2-33013m×16m

2208m

E2-31015m×25m

2375m

腾晖TALESUN

宝群电子 POWERMAX

E2-35010m×13m

2130m

京仪集团BEIJING INSTRUMENT

INDUSTRY GROUP

E2-3555m×13m

265m

普乐

南德-Y TÜV SÜD

E2-0018m×12m

296m

E2-0038m×9m

272m

安彩

E2-3705m×13m

265m

E2-3758m×13m

2104m

萨纳斯

E2-25015m×9m

2135m

日托-sE2-2658m×6m

248m

玖开

E2-3808m×7m

256m

科沃斯

E2-6856m×6m

236m

九龙

E2-6808m×3m

224m 研创

E2-3857m×8m

256m

E2-6983m×3m

29m

Tapflo-Y

E2-6956m×6m

236m

E2-2755m×9m

245m

E2-2708m×9m

272m

普天大唐PUTIAN DATANG

A&M

KOE

伊藤忠

E2-3207m×16m

2112m

硕日 E2-905

E2-906

E2-907

E2-908

E2-909世海

珀源

E2-910E2-911

E2-912

E2-913

E2-915

E2-917

E2-918南慧-R

玉环震浪

四十一所E2-3257m×8m

256m

E2-3287m×8m

256m

E2-3607m×16m

2112m

　 越众

天华

富多士

E2-3658m×16m

2128m

E2-901E2-902E2-903

尤利卡-YULICA SOLAR

羲和-R

汇能

BMC-R

世通

智阳

E2-23013m×9m

2117m

E2-3906m×6m

236m

E2-3936m×7m

242m

金三科

双登

迪晟/德晟行

迈维

鑫凯建业 华晶

贝纳

华方

固泰

虹扬-Y

igus

E2-2208m×6m

248m

E2-2256m×6m

236m

E2-830E2-829E2-828E2-827E2-826E2-825E2-823

中检旗华

E2-3887m×5m

235m伟利德

E2-2909m×9m

281m

金海

E2-815E2-813E2-812E2-811E2-810E2-808天盾-S

E2-822E2-821E2-818E2-816

铂悦

恒森索克赛斯斯泰迪 明耀E2-817

E2-122E2-121E2-120E2-119E2-118E2-117E2-116嘉氟 国晶温倍尔 福卡斯

E2-2857m×9m

263m

朗坤

E2-2807m×4m

228m

E2-819

柏凌

桑尼塞德

E2-2837m×5m

235m

阿蒂姆-R

中盛集团ET SOLAR

E2-55014m×16m

2224m

E2-0068m×21m

2168m

金友

E2-57013m×10m

2130m

E2-5736m×6m

236m

E2-5757m×6m

242m

旭乐德Schletter 显通(远大)

灿邦 赛光

E2-65013m×6m

278mNewYoungSystem co.,LTDE2-660A

UsystemUndecided

(株)现太

(株)P&TECH

(株)Photomec

E2-53014m×25m

2350m

中天

特变电工TBEA

新疆新能源新特能源

E2-51032m×25m

2800m

快可

IMEC

华阳

RAB-R 兴通

宏霸

开博线缆-Y

仟亿达 沛德

南京索尔

硕日

永皓E2-6939m×3m

227m

E2-6756m×6m

236m

Berlin Partner

E2-6707m×6m

242m

E2-3833m×3m

29m

E2-3825m×6m

230m

赫爽

卓逸冠泰 三赫

SNC/美杰

E2-56015m×16m

2240m

嘉兴秀洲光伏小镇

爱维能-R

太阳电池与系统工程和应用国际品牌馆Solar Cells, Modules, PV Systems and Applications

SNEC(2017)第十一届国际太阳能光伏大会暨（上海）展览会展位布置图thSNEC 11 (2017) International Photovoltaic Power Generation Conference & Exhibition

时 间：2017年4月19日-4月21日 地 点:上海新国际博览中心E2馆AREA II

AREA III

二区

三区

AREA I 一区

AREA IV 四区

N

苏尔

E2-809

E2-6906m×3m

218m 北塔启先

海龙E2-820

E2-2607m×6m

242m

UL 朝日

E2-916橄榄树

E2-101鹏诚

E2-2936m×3m

218m

E2-5957.5m×16m

2120m

E2-3988m×7m

256m

茂一 展照

WLL

三力

E2-103佳兴

维凯

绿谷

原本机电

E2-5938.5m×10m

285m

环易

E2-6835m×3m

215m

中国制造

索瑞科-R

开若纳

美格

天奇

华泰

E2-3958m×6m

248m UKC

YM TECH Co.,LTDE2-660B E2-660C E2-660D

E2-660E3m×6m

218m

E2-660FE2-660F

UndecidedE2-660G6m×3m

218m

盛唐-R

诱光

E2-688

E2-5903m×6m

218m

E2-5975.5m×6m

233m

PV-TECH

E2-3965mx7m35 m2

E2-3983mx7m21 m2

Publisher details

Publisherpv magazine group GmbH & Co. KGKurfürstendamm 64, 10707 Berlin, Germanywww.pv-magazine.com

editorial contactsJonathan Giffordgifford@pv-magazine.comIan Cloverclover@pv-magazine.com Brian Publicover publicover@pv-magazine.com

Vincent Shawvincent.shaw@pv-magazine.com

Sales contactsAndrea Jeremiasjeremias@pv-magazine.com

Chinese sales contactCalvin Chongcalvin@pv-magazine.com

Layout design, layout & typesettingmADVICE, Alexx Schulzwww.madvice.de

PhotographerDave Tacondave@davetacon.com

PrinterShanghai KS Printing Co.www.ksprinting.net K.7 No.1800 Longwu Rd.Xuhui District200231, Shanghai, China

Copyright The magazine and all of the texts and images contained therein are protected by copyright. When a manuscript is approved for publication, the right to publish, translate, reprint, electron-ically store in databases, print special editions, photocopies, and microcopies is transferred to the publisher.The publisher requires the author to be the holder of copyrights and commercialization rights for all submissions. Any commercial use outside the limits specified by copyright is inadmissible without the publisher’s consent.

WebVisit www.pv-magazine.com for further show reports, daily news and analysis, and regular in-depth features on the global solar PV industry.

SponsorsHeraeus www.heraeus.com

Throughout the day: Solar Superheroes perform!The amazing Solar Superheroes will be stalking their nemesis Coal across the exhibition hall throughout the day. If you want to catch a performance, head to the Heraeus booth (W3, 310) at 10:30am, the Talesun booth (E2, 310)

at 1:45pm, and the Huawei booth (E6, 510) at 3:30pm. Alternatively, hop on over to Hall 3 at 2pm for an extended show with the Solar Superheroes and their sponsors, Bürkle, 3D-Micromac, Wavelabs and Vitronic.

5.30pm: pv magazine & Heraeus evening receptionDrink, eat and relax with pv magazine, Heraeus and the fabulous Solar Superheroes at The Brew/Kerry hotel from 5.30pm. A highlight of the reception will be the presentation of the pv magazine Technology Highlights 2017 Award, where Schmid, MacDermid and Sinton Instruments will receive their recognition. Once the gongs have been handed it out is the perfect chance to network with fellow industry professionals. Pick up your personal invitation from either the pv magazine booth (E2, 396) or the Heraeus booth (W3, 310).

1pm: IHS Markit 2017 China PV Market Workshop at the Renaissance Shanghai Pudong HotelHeld nearby at the Renaissance Shanghai hotel (on the fourth floor), market analysts IHS Markit will be looking ahead to what the second half of the year has in store for China’s PV industry. So if you’re interested in how China might look after June 30’s FIT changes, this is the workshop for you. The event begins at 1pm, and the address is 100 Chang Liu Lu, Pudong.

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