EU Reference document Good Practices on Leakage Management (WFD CIS WG PoM)

Marco Fantozzi, Studio Marco Fantozzi

IWA Water Loss S.G. regional representative for Europe

Member of WFD CIS WG PoM Drafting Groupmarco.fantozzi@email.it - www.studiomarcofantozzi.it

Oct. 22nd 2015

Palazzo Turati, Milano

Good Practices on Leakage Management

• Joint effort by EU Member States and stakeholders

• An approach for all of Europe:

• To improve efficient use of water resources

• Seeks to provide consistent guidance on leakage management to achieve WFD objectives

• Policy document

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Picture: Justin Sullivan

(19 August 2014)

(20 lJuly 2011)

Lake Oroville Enterprise Bridge

Picture: California Department of Water Resources

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• EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000

• A Blueprint to Safeguard Europe’s Water Resources 2012

• CIS Work Programme 2013-2015

• EC Final REE Report – October 2013

• CIS Working Group Programme of Measures 2014 (Adopted by EU in Jan. 2015)

Background of the project

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o Leakage in drinking water distribution systems

o Raise attention and increase knowledge

o Recognise there is no ‘one size fits all’ solution

o Allow Member States to identify whether action is

needed, and if so, provide guidance in effectively doing so

Scope and purpose of the project

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± 2.000 voluntary man hours Drafting Group members± € 20.000 COMM-Consultant

2 WG PoM leaders

Joerg Koelbl (Austria), Gisèle Peleman and Maarten Torbeyns (Belgium), Petia Hristova(Bulgaria), Jurica Kovač (Croatia), Bambos Charalambous (Cyprus), Christian Hald-Mortensen, Erling Nissen and Steen Jakobsen (Denmark), Dominique Gatel, Nicolas Rondard, Marion Clauzier, Angelica Centanaro and Jan-Jacques Marsaly (France), Thomas Prein, Thomas Borchers and Axel Borchmann (Germany), Marios Vafeiadis (Greece), Marco Fantozzi and Francesco Calza (Italy), Stephen Galea St John, Stefan Riolo, Manuel Sapiano and Michael Schembri (Malta), Dick Schipper, Adriana Hulsmann, Peter van Thienen and Ilse Pieterse-Quirijns (Netherlands), Andrew Donnelly and Joaquim PocasMartins (Portugal), Katarína Tóthová (Slovakia), Dean Russel, Adam Kingdon, Bill Brydonand Sean McCarty (UK), Allan Lambert, Stuart Trow, Cor Merks, Guido Schmidt, Robert Schröder, Henriette Faergemann and Bertrand Vallet (international).

Acknowledgements

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• Good Practices on Leakage Management (main report) : http://bit.ly/16dzx9f• Case Study document : http://bit.ly/1K6K8BK• Dissemination plan : http://bit.ly/1x4nO2P

Project deliverables

Main report – Table of contents (1/2)1. Introduction

2. Policy recommendations

3. Holistic approach to leakage management

4. Understanding leakage and leakage management

5. Good practices on leakage management by utilities

6. Methodologies for getting started

A. PESTLE Consideration

B. Tools, techniques and methodologies

C. Author Profiles

D. List of references

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Evidence-based policy recommendations

• Recommendations for all key stakeholder groups

• Recommendations for policy makers and regulators; be aware of, and take into account:

• Recommendations for Water Utilities

The recommendations are not binding in any way.

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Recommendations – All stakeholders (1/4)

• Leakage targets

• Leakage expressed as a % of SIV is simple and easy to calculate. However, it has several limitations in interpretation which have led some Member States to stop or reduce the use of % as a leakage performance indicator.

• Substantial underestimates of true achievements

• % of SIV is a ‘Zero-sum’ calculation

Ex.: Volume of NRW is reduced by 100.000 mc/year (-20%) but,

due to decrease of consumption, NRW in percentage increases !!

INHABITANTS

20.000

MAINS

80 KM

INPUT VOLUME

2.000.000 MC

NRW

500.000 MC

NRW %

25 %

Year 0

BILLED VOLUME

1.500.000 MC

INHABITANTS

20.000

MAINS 80 KM

INPUT VOLUME

1.400.000 MC

NRW

400.000 MC

NRW %

28,6 %

Year 1

BILLED VOLUME

1.000.000 MC

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Recommendations – All stakeholders (2/4)

• Performance indicators

• Use m3/km mains/day, l/connection/day or l/billed property/day for tracking progress in individual systems and sub-systems

• Use ILI (always with some measure of pressure) for making technical comparisons between systems and sub-systems

• “% of SIV are not considered as a proper indicator” therefore use a volumetric parameter for tracking progress.

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Which Leakage KPI should I use?Evidence-based conclusions from 16 Case Studies

‘Good Practices on Leakage Management’, EC 2014

Volume per

year

litres/

service

connection

m3/km

mains

litres/

billed

property

% of System

Input

Volume

% of

Water

Supplied

Infrasstructure

Leakage Index ILI,

with Pressure

SET TARGETS AND TRACK

PERFORMANCE , FOR AN

INDIVIDUAL SYSTEM

YES, large

systems YES YES

YES

(UK)NO NO

Only if all pressure

management has

been completed

TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE

COMPARISONS OF

DIFFERENT SYSTEMSNO NO NO NO NO NO YES

DRAW GENERAL

CONCLUSIONS FROM SINGLE

OR MULTIPLE SYSTEMSNO NO NO NO NO NO

YES, with other

context factors

OBJECTIVE

GOOD PRACTICE PERFORMANCE INDICATOR FOR LEAKAGE

Source: Allan Lambert, October 22, 2014

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Recommendations – All stakeholders (3/4)

PERDITE REALI CALCOLATE DALLE PORTATE NOTTURNE

Source: Software LEAKS

• Calculating leakage of potable water

• Base annual average level of leakage on the IWA Water Balance or equivalent

• Use ‘snapshot’ from night flow measurements to target leakage operations and check annual average levels of leakage

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Recommendations – All stakeholders (4/4)

• Water conservation

• Always consider leakage reduction in parallel with reduction of excess of inappropriate consumption, based on demand side options

• Water efficiency

• Metering

• Tariff management

• Water pricing

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Recommendations – Policy makers and regulators (1/3)

• Leakage as part of supply – demand balance

• Promote economic and technical water efficiency above water resource development

• Consider leakage management in context for future of water resource zone in a river basin

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Recommendations – Policy makers and regulators (2/3)

• Drought management

• Never consider intermittent (rotational) water supply

• Evidence based on e.g. the Cypriot Case Study Lemesos

• Stakeholder involvement

• Leakage should be managed taking account of all stakeholder views

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Recommendations – Policy makers and regulators (3/3)

• Country, Region and Utility specific regulation

• Appropriate to size of utility, number of utilities, and objectives

• Measures and targets appropriate for purpose and equitable

• Regulate leakage at the river basin level (consistent with WFD)

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Recommendations – Water Utilities (1/4)

• Pressure management

• Pressures to be measured and monitored

• Excess pressures and pressure transients to be managed and reduced wherever feasible

• Standards for pressure should be flexible

• Sequence of activities is fundamental

• Incorporate value (€/m3) of leakage and energy used

• Reduced costs of bursts and deferred investments

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Recommendations – Water Utilities (2/4)

• Leak run time

• Attention for leakage from service connections

• Asset renewal

• Asset replacement is an expensive option for reducing leakage compared to pressure management and ALC

• Include an allowance for selectively replacing mains

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Recommendations – Water Utilities (3/4)

• System design

• Sectorisation (reconfiguration) of existing distribution systems greatly assists in identification of new leaks; prioritising ALC; identifying areas for further pressure management

• New distribution systems and extensions to distribution systems should be based on sectoriseddesigns to operate at relatively low pressure

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Recommendations – Water Utilities (4/4)

• Long term view

• Leakage management is an essential long-term and ongoing activity

• Consider to apply (new) tools and methodologies

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Case Study document

• 16 case study accounts

• Huge variation in size and number of utilities

• Huge variation in maturity of European countries with respect to leakage management

• Annual water balance increasingly used

• Summary of key learnings from each case study

• Summary tables for almost all case studies

Lisbon (Portugal)

Lemesos (Cyprus)

Salzburg (Austria)

Reggio Emilia (Italy)

WSC Malta

De Watergroep (Belgium)

Scottish Water (Scotland)

Pula (Croatia)

Odense (DK)

Anglian Water (UK)

Munich (Germany)

Bordeaux (France)

Bulgaria

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Case Study document

WSC Malta IREN Reggio Emilia (Italy) EPAL Lisbon (Portugal)

Lit

res/co

nn

/d

ay

Real Losses reduced by 56%(since2005)

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Key learnings (1/2)

• Europe-wide adoption requires consensus

• Leakage management is part of asset management, alongside information and human resource management

• Sustained leakage reductions can be achieved using customisedcombinations of practical methods with a simple approach for zones and the many thousands of smaller EU systems

• Different leakage performance indicators are clearly categorised as being ‘fit for purpose’ for different objectives - target setting, individual system progress tracking, or technical comparisons between systems

• Pressure managed areas and DMAs are the foundation for success in leakage management

• Thanks to: Robert Schröder, Cor Merks, Stuart Trow and Allan Lambert and all Drafting Group members and Water Utilities

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Key learnings (2/2)

Whilst water loss management is often pictured as the

implementation of technological solutions to a hidden problem, this

is really only part of the real solution, which is all about managing

utility people to perform.

It is about empowering them with the responsibility, training,

practical tools and proven techniques, motivating them to perform,

and inspiring them to believe that they can make a difference.

Statement from: Introduction of the Main Report “EU Reference

document Good Practices on Leakage Management WFD CIS WG PoM”

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Conclusions and Future aims

• More and more Italian and European utilities are adopting these methodologies with proven benefits and success

• Thanks to early European adopters and to Italian leading utilities like IREN Reggio Emila, MM, Tea, CCAM and others for showing the way with their proven results

• It is desirable that Italian Regulator and more European Regulators officially endorse the “Good Practices on Leakage Management” to support efficiency in leakage management

Thanks for your attention !Marco Fantozzimarco.fantozzi@email.it