smart phone
TRANSCRIPT
Smart PhoneSmart Phone
Xiaohua DuXiaohua Du
Xiaoyi ShengXiaoyi Sheng
Overview1
Hardware2
Software Platform
Services and Applications4
3
Evolution of Cell PhonesEvolution of Cell Phones
OK chief, I’ll get on it right away!
Date 1983 1989 1996 2005Model: DynaTAC MicroTAC StarTAC Razor V3Size: (high) 10 inches (25cm) 9 inches 3.9 inches 3.7 inchesWeight: 28 ounces (793g) 12.3 ounces 4.3 ounces 3.3 ounces Talk Time: 2 hr 3 hr 5 hrStand by Time: 24 hr 60 hr 170 hr
Picture source: Wikipedia
Personal Digital AssistantsPersonal Digital Assistants
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAPersonal Digital Assistants (PDA’’s) s) are personal handheld computers.are personal handheld computers.
They are used to keep schedules, and They are used to keep schedules, and have features that include:have features that include: TypewritingTypewriting Address BookAddress Book CalendarCalendar
Picture source: Wikipedia
PDA vs. Cell PhonePDA vs. Cell Phone
Both PDAs and Cell Phones are popular, but Both PDAs and Cell Phones are popular, but there is a difference between the two devices.there is a difference between the two devices.
The cell phoneThe cell phone’’s main function is making phone s main function is making phone callscalls
On the other hand the PDA is more of a On the other hand the PDA is more of a information storing device and only has a few information storing device and only has a few communication features, such as IrDA, WLAN, communication features, such as IrDA, WLAN, Bluetooth.Bluetooth.
Smart Phone = PDA + Cell PhoneSmart Phone = PDA + Cell Phone
In recent years, many manufacturers have begun In recent years, many manufacturers have begun to blur the line between the PDA and the cell to blur the line between the PDA and the cell phone.phone.
A new device has been introduced to the A new device has been introduced to the marketmarket………….. The SMART PHONE.. The SMART PHONE
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Smart Phone marketSmart Phone market
According to IDC's Worldwide According to IDC's Worldwide Quarterly Mobile Phone Quarterly Mobile Phone Tracker, global smart phone Tracker, global smart phone shipments reached 35.5 million shipments reached 35.5 million units in last quarter of 2007, units in last quarter of 2007, which was more than four which was more than four times the size of the market for times the size of the market for personal digital assistants. personal digital assistants.
In 2008 36% of the mobile In 2008 36% of the mobile handset market will be smart handset market will be smart phones, equivalent to phones, equivalent to shipments of 240 million units.shipments of 240 million units.
Why the Mobile Explosion? Why the Mobile Explosion? Devices dropping in price and increasing in Devices dropping in price and increasing in capabilitiescapabilitiesSmart phone penetration will be 21% by 2012Smart phone penetration will be 21% by 2012
Increased network competitionIncreased network competitionNetworks are getting faster, and data packages are getting cheaperNetworks are getting faster, and data packages are getting cheaper
Fundamental platform transitionFundamental platform transition14.0% of US homes are mobile only while 12.3% of homes land-line only14.0% of US homes are mobile only while 12.3% of homes land-line only
Overview1
Hardware2
Software Platform3
Services and Applications4
CPUCPU MemoryMemory DisplayDisplay BatteryBattery Expansion storageExpansion storage AntennaAntenna Camera, GPS, etc.Camera, GPS, etc.
KEY: KEY: A Balance Of Function and Power ConsumptionA Balance Of Function and Power Consumption
Smart Phone HardwareSmart Phone Hardware
ARM ARM –– The leading 32-bit embedded processor architecture The leading 32-bit embedded processor architecture Advanced reduced instruction set computer (RISC) machineAdvanced reduced instruction set computer (RISC) machine
Dominated byDominated by Texas Instrument OMAPTexas Instrument OMAP Intel Xscale (sold to Marvell)Intel Xscale (sold to Marvell) SamsungSamsung
Clock speed 200MHz ~ 600MHz, up to 1GHzClock speed 200MHz ~ 600MHz, up to 1GHz
Typical RISC architecture featuresTypical RISC architecture features A large uniform register fileA large uniform register file A load/store architecture, where data-processing operations only A load/store architecture, where data-processing operations only
operate on register contents, not directly on memory contentsoperate on register contents, not directly on memory contents simple addressing modes, with all load/store addresses being simple addressing modes, with all load/store addresses being
determined from register contents and instruction fields onlydetermined from register contents and instruction fields only uniform and fixed-length instruction fields, to simplify instruction uniform and fixed-length instruction fields, to simplify instruction
decode.decode. Additional featuresAdditional features
control over both the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and shifter in control over both the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and shifter in most data-processing instructions to maximize the use of an ALU and most data-processing instructions to maximize the use of an ALU and a shiftera shifter
auto-increment and auto-decrement addressing modes to optimize auto-increment and auto-decrement addressing modes to optimize program loopsprogram loops
Load and Store Multiple instructions to maximize data throughputLoad and Store Multiple instructions to maximize data throughput conditional execution of almost all instructions to maximize execution conditional execution of almost all instructions to maximize execution
throughput.throughput.
Source: http://www.arm.comj
Graphics AcceleratorGraphics Accelerator Video AcceleratorVideo Accelerator Image Signal Processor (ISP)Image Signal Processor (ISP) Digital Signal Processor (DSP)Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
iPhoneiPhone 620620 MHz MHz
ARMARM 1176, 1176, underclocked to underclocked to 412412 MHzMHz
Palm Treo 750Palm Treo 750 300mhz 300mhz
SamsungSamsung ProcessorProcessor
Nokia N SeriesNokia N Series TI OMAPTI OMAP
24202420
Picture source: Picture source: http://onlyumpc.com/http://onlyumpc.com/, http://nokia.com, http://nokia.com
Volatile MemoryVolatile Memory Static RAMStatic RAM
64MB~128MB run-time memory of software applications64MB~128MB run-time memory of software applications Non-volatile MemoryNon-volatile Memory
Flash ROMFlash ROM 128MB~ 256MB contains operating system , software and 128MB~ 256MB contains operating system , software and
user datauser data External Flash Memory through I/O extension External Flash Memory through I/O extension
interfacesinterfaces Up to 16GB--Compact Flash (CF), Secure Digital (SD), Up to 16GB--Compact Flash (CF), Secure Digital (SD),
MultiMedia Memory Cards (MMC)MultiMedia Memory Cards (MMC)
Picture Source: http://www.pocketpctechs.com/images/
Thin-film transistor (TFT) LCD displayThin-film transistor (TFT) LCD display Resolution: QVGA 320x240 and VGA 640x480, up to Resolution: QVGA 320x240 and VGA 640x480, up to
WVGA 800x480WVGA 800x480 Size: 2~5 inchesSize: 2~5 inches Color depth: 65K(16bit), 260K (18bit)Color depth: 65K(16bit), 260K (18bit) Significant power consumptionSignificant power consumption
Picture source: Picture source: http://onlyumpc.comhttp://onlyumpc.com
Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displayDoes not require a backlight to functionConsumes far less powerMuch thinner (0.2 mm)Can be made foldableShorter life
Picture source: http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/Picture source: http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/
Overview1
Hardware2
Software Platform3
Services and Applications4
1
Software PlatformsSoftware Platforms
A software platform essentially provides a A software platform essentially provides a complete solution to application development complete solution to application development on smart phones. It is defined as the on smart phones. It is defined as the combination of combination of Operating system for a collection of compatible Operating system for a collection of compatible
mobile devicesmobile devices Application programming interfaces (APIs)Application programming interfaces (APIs) Software development librariesSoftware development libraries Programming toolsProgramming tools
Market Share of O.S.Market Share of O.S.
Windows Mobile, 12%
Symbian OS, 65%
RIM BlackBerry, 11%
iPhone OS, 7%
Linux, 5%
Source: wikipediaSource: wikipedia
Comparisons of Comparisons of Mobile Software PlatformsMobile Software Platforms
Microsoft Smartphone, Palm OS, and BREW (Binary Runtime Microsoft Smartphone, Palm OS, and BREW (Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless) are proprietary systems in that they Environment for Wireless) are proprietary systems in that they only provide largely restricted APIs. On the other hand, only provide largely restricted APIs. On the other hand, Symbian, Linux, and J2ME are completely open systems.Symbian, Linux, and J2ME are completely open systems.
Due to its supreme portability and established support in the Due to its supreme portability and established support in the mobile application developer community, J2ME is well mobile application developer community, J2ME is well positioned for next-generation mobile application development.positioned for next-generation mobile application development.
Considering the heterogeneity of mobile devices in terms of Considering the heterogeneity of mobile devices in terms of hardware and software platforms, J2ME and .Net compact hardware and software platforms, J2ME and .Net compact framework are likely to flourish.framework are likely to flourish.
Introduction toIntroduction to AndroidAndroid
http://code.google.com/android Android is a software platform for mobile devices based on the
Linux operating system and developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance.
OS: Linux kernel - version 2.6 OS: Linux kernel - version 2.6 Emulator: on Mac, Windows, Linux Emulator: on Mac, Windows, Linux Hardware support:Hardware support:
GSM TelephonyGSM Telephony Bluetooth, 3G, and WiFiBluetooth, 3G, and WiFi Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometerCamera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer
Introduction toIntroduction to AndroidAndroid http://code.google.com/android
Android is a software platform for mobile devices based on the Linux operating system and developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance.
OS: Linux kernel - version 2.6 OS: Linux kernel - version 2.6 Emulator: on Mac, Windows, Emulator: on Mac, Windows,
Linux Linux Hardware support:Hardware support:
GSM TelephonyGSM Telephony Bluetooth, 3G, and WiFiBluetooth, 3G, and WiFi Camera, GPS, compass, and Camera, GPS, compass, and
accelerometeraccelerometer
AndroidAndroid Architecture ArchitectureLinux KernelLinux Kernel
Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system services such as security, memory management, process services such as security, memory management, process management, network stack, and driver model. management, network stack, and driver model.
The kernel also acts as an abstraction layer between the The kernel also acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the software stack.hardware and the rest of the software stack.
AndroidAndroid Architecture ArchitectureRuntimeRuntime
Every Android application runs in its own process, with its own instance Every Android application runs in its own process, with its own instance of the Dalvik virtual machine. of the Dalvik virtual machine.
Dalvik has been written so that a device can run multiple VMs efficiently. Dalvik has been written so that a device can run multiple VMs efficiently. The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format which is optimized for minimal memory footprint. which is optimized for minimal memory footprint.
The VM is register-based, and runs classes compiled by a Java language The VM is register-based, and runs classes compiled by a Java language compiler that have been transformed into the .dex format by the included compiler that have been transformed into the .dex format by the included "dx" tool."dx" tool.
The Dalvik VM relies on the Linux kernel for underlying functionality The Dalvik VM relies on the Linux kernel for underlying functionality such as threading and low-level memory management.such as threading and low-level memory management.
AndroidAndroid Architecture ArchitectureLibrariesLibraries
Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various components of the Android system. components of the Android system. Surface Manager - manages access to the display subsystem and Surface Manager - manages access to the display subsystem and
seamlessly composites 2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple seamlessly composites 2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple applicationsapplications
Media Libraries - support playback and recording of many popular audio Media Libraries - support playback and recording of many popular audio and video formats, as well as static image fileand video formats, as well as static image file
FreeType - bitmap and vector font renderingFreeType - bitmap and vector font rendering SQLite - a powerful and lightweight relational database engine available SQLite - a powerful and lightweight relational database engine available
to all applicationsto all applications
AndroidAndroid Architecture ArchitectureApplication FrameworkApplication Framework
Android will ship with a set of core applications including an email client, Android will ship with a set of core applications including an email client, SMS program, calendar, maps, browser, contacts, and others. All applications SMS program, calendar, maps, browser, contacts, and others. All applications are written using Java.are written using Java.
Underlying all applications is a set of services and systems, including:Underlying all applications is a set of services and systems, including: A rich and extensible set of Views that can be used to build an application, A rich and extensible set of Views that can be used to build an application,
including lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, and even an embeddable web browserincluding lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, and even an embeddable web browser Content Providers that enable applications to access data from other applications Content Providers that enable applications to access data from other applications
(such as Contacts), or to share their own data(such as Contacts), or to share their own data A Resource Manager, providing access to non-code resources such as localized A Resource Manager, providing access to non-code resources such as localized
strings, graphics, and layout filesstrings, graphics, and layout files A Notification Manager that enables all applications to display custom alerts in the A Notification Manager that enables all applications to display custom alerts in the
status barstatus bar An Activity Manager that manages the life cycle of applications and provides a An Activity Manager that manages the life cycle of applications and provides a
common navigation backstackcommon navigation backstack
Overview1
Hardware2
Software Platform3
Services and Applications4
Generation Data Rate Protocols
2G 9.6 – 14.4 kbps GSM, CDMA, TDMA, PDC
2.5G 14.4 - 110 kbps GPRS
2.75G 144-384 kbps EDGE, CDMA2000 1x
3G 384k – 2 MbpsWCDMA, CDMA2000,TD-SCDMA, UWC-136,
DECT+
Services and ApplicationsServices and Applications Basic mobile phone servicesBasic mobile phone services
Mobile telephonyMobile telephony Voice over IP (VoIP) Voice over IP (VoIP) –– 1~2 1~2 ¢¢/min international calls /min international calls
(WLAN/3G)(WLAN/3G)
Messaging ServicesMessaging Services
SMS EMS MMS•Simple Text
•Limited to 160 characters
•Text and Simple Graphics
•Uses same networks as SMS
SMS is the highest ranked mobile service in terms of consumer preference of use, especially in Asia and Europe. Chinese people sent 592 billion in 2007.
•Audio and Video
•Greeting Cards
•Requires 2.5G systems
Personal Information Management Personal Information Management email, calendar, task, address book, email, calendar, task, address book,
organizer, notepad, etc.organizer, notepad, etc. Can be synchronized with computer Can be synchronized with computer
MS active sync with OutlookMS active sync with Outlook
Synchronization over-the-airSynchronization over-the-air Yahoo! Intellisync Yahoo! Intellisync –– calendar, address book and calendar, address book and
notepadnotepad
Email servicesEmail services BlackBerry BlackBerry ““Push EmailPush Email”” Microsoft Microsoft ““Direct Push TechnologyDirect Push Technology”” on WM6 on WM6
Picture source: http://www.developerone.comPicture source: http://www.developerone.com
Mobile InternetMobile Internet Through 2.5G/3G networks or wireless LANThrough 2.5G/3G networks or wireless LAN Smart phone customized websitesSmart phone customized websites
Google: search engine, map service, YouTube video Google: search engine, map service, YouTube video streaming, etc (streaming, etc (http://mobile.google.comhttp://mobile.google.com))
Convert any website into mobile version through Convert any website into mobile version through Google (Google (http://www.google.com/gwt/nhttp://www.google.com/gwt/n))
Innovative web-browsersInnovative web-browsers iPhone SafariiPhone Safari
Source: youtube.com
Mobile Instant MessagingMobile Instant Messaging AOL Instant MessengerAOL Instant Messenger MSN/Windows Live MessengerMSN/Windows Live Messenger ICQ messengerICQ messenger Yahoo! MessengerYahoo! Messenger Google TalkGoogle Talk
Mobile Multimedia CenterMobile Multimedia Center DVD quality movieDVD quality movie Music downloadMusic download
iTuneiTune
Video and Music streamingVideo and Music streaming Video gamesVideo games
Location Based ServicesLocation Based Services GPS navigationGPS navigation
Built-in/external GPS receiverBuilt-in/external GPS receiver Point of interestPoint of interest Traffic informationTraffic information
Enhanced 911 (E911)Enhanced 911 (E911) Emergency localization through cellular network or Emergency localization through cellular network or
built-in GPSbuilt-in GPS
And Many MoreAnd Many More……
Mobile Social NetworkingMobile Social Networking Mobile IDMobile ID Digital WalletDigital Wallet
Secured with fingerprint reader/facial Secured with fingerprint reader/facial recognition/iris scannerrecognition/iris scanner
Mobile Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)Mobile Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
SummarySummary
Smart Phone Smart Phone –– the convergence of the convergence of ““3C3C”” CommunicationCommunication ComputingComputing Consumer ElectronicsConsumer Electronics
Q&AQ&A
Questions?Questions? Thank you for your time.Thank you for your time.
ReferencesReferences
Pei Zheng, Lionel Ni. Smart Phone and Next Generation Mobile Computing, Morgan Pei Zheng, Lionel Ni. Smart Phone and Next Generation Mobile Computing, Morgan Kaufmann, December 16, 2005Kaufmann, December 16, 2005
Google Android Google Android http://code.google.com/android/http://code.google.com/android/ Wikipedia, "Smartphone", Wikipedia, "Smartphone", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone http://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobilehttp://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile http://www.arm.comhttp://www.arm.com http://www.blackberry.comhttp://www.blackberry.com http://www.apple.com/iphonehttp://www.apple.com/iphone