smart garbage monitoring system using iotgecko3 results the system was executed in e&ce...

Smart Garbage Monitoring SystemUsing IoTGecko

1Prof. Raviteja Balekai , 2Prof. Raghudathesh G P3Prof. Lata Handigolkar,4 Harshavardhana H V,

5Manjunath D Iti, 6Manoj M M7Yallappa Pujar

1,2,3 Professor, 4,5,6,7UG StudentDepartment of Electronics & Communication Engineering,

GMIT, DavangereEmail ID : [email protected],

[email protected],[email protected]

June 11, 2018

Abstract

Sustainability and the standard of living in an urbanenvironment can be judged via numerous aspects. Manage-ment of garbage production and disposal in the city is one ofthe factor on which standard of living in an urban environ-ment can be measured. In particular, for a populated nationlike India, waste generation is a dominant environmentalconcern. Sensorized bins, automated waste transportationand many solutions were initiated for better waste manage-ment in India. Such technologies helps to clear piling-up ofimmoderate waste in a place.

In this paper, a level monitoring sensor interfacing withArduino UNO and ESP 8266 wifi module is placed in awaste collection bin gives real time monitoring of the piled-up waste using open source IOT development platform byname IOTGecko and get a graphical analysis of the amount

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International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 120 No. 6 2018, 787-797ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

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of waste collected by a dustbin using ThingSpeak API. Theacquired knowledge from IoT cloud can be used to provideinformation to the authorities to send their collection teamto the area and collect the garbage without making a delay.Subsequently, overall cleanliness and hygiene of the loca-tion increments positively. Additionally, reduces the timeinvolved and burden required to varify each bin and checkthe garbage level manually. A smart waste managementsystem will reduce the financial and transportation burdenfor municipalities by up to 50 percent.

Key Words:Arduino UNO, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module,ThingSpeak, IoTGecko.

1 INTRODUCTION

As city populations soar, managing growth is of increasing concern.Cities such as Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore have grown more than2% in a year. With this growth comes a demand for city servicesand a strain on resources. In turn, cities need new technologies tobetter manage traffic congestion, public safety and sanitation. Thetendency toward urbanization is indisputable. Globally urban pop-ulation is expected to increase from 3.6 billion to 6.3 billion by theend of 2050 which is more than 60% [1]. With rapid urbanization,the country is facing challenge of massive waste management. 40million tonnes of the wastes are collected annually, out of which 11million tonnes (MT) is treated and 29MT is dumped in landfill sites[2]. Educating public and making them aware can reduce these fig-ures, an effective waste management system will bring down thesefigures drastically.

This work proposes a scheme for the cleaning of the dustbins ona priority basis (level of pile up). Dustbins are considered as a basicneed for maintaining the cleanliness and hygiene of the city, henceit is very vital to clean all the dustbins as soon as they get filled.This work uses an level monitoring sensor, Arduino UNO and ESP8266 wifi module form a sensor mote for each bin in the system.The sensor was placed on top of the bin which helps in detectingthe level of garbage in the bin and using ESP 8266 wifi modulecan send the status periodically to the authorities using the opensource IOT development platform IOTGecko. Now, the dustbin

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needed to be emptied as soon as possible. The implementation ofIoT technology in the field of smart city will provide a better livingenvironment for the urban population [3].

2 MATERIALS AND METHODOL-

OGY

A. ArduinoArduino is an open source prototyping (hardware, software)

platform with a single microcontroller board using an Atmel 32-bitARM processor [5]. Here UNO a variant of Arduino is employed.This platform can be divided into three categories, namely Hard-ware, software, and expansion shields. Arduino UNO hardware has6 analog pins, 14 digital GPIO pins of which 6 will provide Pulsewidth modulation (PWM) output. It has a 32kB of flash memory,2kB of SRAM, 1 EEPROM, a USB connector hub, a DC power jack,reset button, ISUP pins, LEDS and many more [4]. In software,the board is programmed using Arduino Integrated DevelopmentEnvironment (IDE) which bundles program writing, compilationand burning onto the chip [6]. Here each program is referred asa sketch. Each sketch has a minimum of two function calls firstlyvoid setup () here all the initialization is written. Secondly voidloop () is an infinite loop where the operational logic is written. Itsupports programming languages, namely C and C++.

Fig. 1 Arduino UNO

B. Level Monitoring Sensor

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Level Monitoring sensor is used to compute garbage level in adustbin. The module includes transmitter, receiver and a controlcircuit. A trigger pulse of atleast 10 sec high level signal should besent from Arduino UNO to the sensor and it automatically sendseight 40 kHz pulse signals from the transmitter and identify whetherthere is a pulse signal was received or not. By using that time,distance is calculated by equation 1.

Distance = (Time× velocity of sound)/2 (1)

Fig. 2 Level Monitoring Sensor

C. ESP 8266 (Wi-Fi Module) The module is a self containedsystem on chip (SOC) have integrated TCP/IP protocol stack thatgives microcontroller to access Wi-Fi for internet connectivity. Itoperates on 3.3V. The module contains totally 8 pins; To enablewifi , the pins VCC and CH-PD are connected to the 3.3V. TheTransmitter (TX) and Receiver (RX) pins are responsible for thecommunication [3].

Fig. 3 ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module

D. IoTGecko IOT Gecko is a free IOT systems developmentplatform. Using IoT Gecko physical devices can be controlled over

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the internet, IOT Gecko provides tools and support to design userspecific IOT based systems with ease. This platform process ob-tained sensor values and display online. Procedure to use IoTGeckois summarized as follows

1. Create an account Select the application for which you aregoing to develop IoT system.

2. Choose IOT Garbage Level Measurement Layout for data dis-play.

3. Integrate electronics system to the server from Arduino whichis interfaced with level monitoring sensor and ESP 8266 Wi-F.

Fig. 4 IoTGecko platform

E. ThingSpeakThingSpeak is an cloud based Internet of Things (IoT) appli-

cation, this open source platform provides API to store and re-trieve data from things using the HTTPS protocol over the inter-net. ThingSpeak provides various application which includes lo-cation tracking applications, this application help to formation ofsensor logging and a social network of things with status updates[7]. It enables to gather, accumulate, investigate, visualize and acton data from sensors, actuators, Motes.

Implementation of Thingspeak application service involves cre-ating login credentials. Once the user account is created, the useris provided with a new channel, each channel has a name, briefdescription about the channel, 8 fields where each field can be as-signed to a sensor, the location of the sensor, options to make the

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channel public or private access is provided. After updating all thechannel details, user needs to save the channel for visualization.

Fig. 5 ThingSpeak channel

F. METHODOLOGYDesign goal of this work is to develop Garbage monitoring sys-

tem by integrating hardware and software system. Fig. 6 shows thehardware setup of the system and Fig.7 shows the system architec-ture. The system is having an ArduinoUNO microcontroller fre-quently senses the data from the level monitoring sensors, forwardsthe sensed data to IOT cloud platform IoTGecko and ThingSpeskthrough the ESP8266 wifi module.

IoTGecko then updates the data received and provides a graph-ical representation of the same on the user portal, if garbage col-lected in the dustbin exceeds the threshold values, a notification issent to the authorities which then send their team to the respectivelocation and collect the garbage without delay. Thingspeak IoTplatform facilitates a graphical representation of sensor data over a

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period of time, which helps authorities to plan workforce manage-ment during normal days and during festival seasons. Fig. 8 showsthe system flowchart.

Fig. 6 Hardware setup

Fig. 7 System architecture

Fig. 8 System Flow Chart

3 RESULTS

The system was executed in E&CE department, GMIT, Davan-agere, Karnataka. It include placement of communication module,sensors and microcontroller.

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Fig. 9 Connection between sensor, microcontroller andcommunication module.

Fig. 10 ESP8266 successfully connected to Wi-Fi and displayingthe status of a dustbin.

Fig. 11 Garbage level status in IoTGecko platform.

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Fig. 12 Shows the graphical visualization of the garbage level in adustbin over a period of time using Thingspeak.

4 CONCLUSION

This paper exhibits an IoT based smart garbage management sys-tem using level monitoring sensor, Arduino UNO microcontrollerand communication module. This system ensures the cleaning ofdustbins soon when the garbage level reaches its threshold value.If the garbage in a dustbin is not cleared at a stipulated time, thenthe message is sent to the IOT development platform IOTGecko,where municipal authority can take a proper action. The systemminimizes the total number of trips of waste collection vehicle andhence decreases the overall cost and manpower associated with thewaste collection. It ultimately assist in maintain the cleanlinessin the urban environment. Thus, the smart garbage managementsystem enables the waste collection more easy and efficient.

References

[1] https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/internet-of-things/smart-city-infrastructure-guide.html.

[2] http://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/india-s-challenges-in-waste-management-56753.

[3] A.Anitha.Garbage monitoring system using IoT,IOP Confer-ence. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 263 (2017)042027.

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[4] G P Raghudathesh;D J Deepak;A B Arun;G Keerthi Prasad;Ravitej Balekai; Vikas C Yatnalli; S H Lata; B SampathKumar, Iot based intelligent poultry management system us-ing Linux embedded system, 2017 International Conferenceon Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics(ICACCI), Year: 2017, Pages: 449 454.

[5] Yusuf Abdhullahi Badamasi The Working Priniciple of an Ar-duino, 11th International Conference on Electronics,Computerand Comutaion (ICECCO), pp.1 4,2014.

[6] Ahamad Adamu Galadima,Aruino as a learning tool, 11th In-ternational Conference on Electronics,Computer and Comu-taion (ICECCO), pp. 1-4, 2014.

[7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ThingSpeak.

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smart garbage monitoring system using iotgecko3 results the system was executed in e&ce...

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