smart city - frame work energy and electric vehicle ashok jhunjhunwala, bhaskar ramamurthi, krishna...
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Smart City - Frame Work Energy and Electric Vehicle
Ashok Jhunjhunwala, Bhaskar Ramamurthi, Krishna Vasudevan & Lakshmi Narasamma, Prabhjot Kaur, IIT Madras, [email protected]
Energy in Smart Cities
Energy powers the Technologies which are the foundations of Smart City.
Assuring 24X7 Power to all Smart Cities
Energy should be operated with completely Smart Grid Technology.
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24X7 Power in Smart Cities
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Concept of UDC : Un-interrupted Limited DC
Decentralised Solar PV at Homes
DC wiring in every Home/complex of the smart city so as to efficiently integrate the Solar PV directly
Usage of DC-powered Appliances like LED lights and BLDC Fans.
24X7 Power in Smart Cities Green Power Solutions
Homes that can be energised both with Grid and Solar
GOA (Green Offices and Apartments) Solutions for Big Apartments
Energy should be operated based on Smart grid Technology
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Energy on Smart Grid Technology Energy Communication Interface Unit
Electricity usage, costs and control Manage huge volume of data Tools to help the consumers control their usage so they can
lower their bills Management of the peak loads by reducing the demand Help consumers to manage their usage and power bills
.
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Single Communication System handling
power in the smart cities
In-Home Display Units
Power Theft
Detection
ECI
Energy on Smart Grid Technology Electricity usage, costs and control Manage huge volume of data Tools to help the consumers control their usage so they can lower their bills Management of the peak loads by reducing the demand Help consumers to manage their usage and power bills How much energy is needed and helps utility to lower the purchased power cost. Financial incentives to companies that reduce their load in response to a request. A smart city having a smart technology based grid should be provided with
Ultra high speed internet, voice and video access to all the consumers, City
wide Wi-Fi network for city and utility, Street light controls, Surveillance
cameras. This will help to manage automatic outage and faults in an elegant
manner.
Energy Communication Interface unit
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Unified Metering UM
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Every smart meter should be Interfaced to cloud.
Scalability and adaptability for the utility and customers.
Time of Day metering
Diagnosis of power quality problems
Customer handling their own energy needs
Cost saving for infrastructure and management systems.
Features CCMS
Central Control Office for monitoring, control and management
Capable to support regular operations, planning and handling emergencies
Interface between Public and Government
Compatible with individual control interface, like ECI.
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Can India’s 50% vehicles be Electric by 2030? Rationale
India does not have much oil Our oil imports rising continuously: hurts Indian
economy No solution in site in short, medium or long-term
Our cities and towns are highly congested Highly polluting urban India
Year
costMechanical Drive-train
Electrical Drive-train
Recent
Year
costPetrol cost per Km
Battery + charge cost per Km
Li-Ion Battery costs fall 8% per annumLi-Ion Battery costs fall 8% per annum
• Cost of mechanical (IC Engine) drive-train (MDT) goes up year after year
• Electrical drive-train without batteries (EDT) cost goes down year after year (R&D, Moore’s law and SW)
• Crosses each other and Gap increase year after year
• Cost of Fuel (Petrol) per Km increases every year
• Total cost of battery per Km (life-time depreciation, interest, maintenance and charging of battery) keeps coming down
• Crossed over recently and gap likely to only accelerateDC Powered Smart-city
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Vehicles and Charging stations
Vehicles to work on a clean energy resource, minimising the carbon emission. Maximum renewable energy consumption ID tagging for billing automation
Charging stations at multiple convenient points such as Petrol stations,
Hotels and Parking lots. Portable charging station for smaller vehicles at every
home.
Cashless billing facility combined with UM through cloud.
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