smart cities: concept, challenges and projects
TRANSCRIPT
SMART CITIES: CONCEPT, CHALLENGES AND PROJECTS
1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINITION OF SMART CITY 2.1 BACKGROUND 2.2 SMART CITY DEFINITIONS 2.3 SMART CITY WORKING DEFINITION 2.4 IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART CITY PROJECTS 2.5 RELATED CONCEPTS 3. ACTION FIELDS 3.1 BACKGROUND 3.2 ACTION FIELDS DEFINITION 3.3 ACTION FIELDS CLASSIFICATION
4. CHALLENGES 4.1 CITY CHALLENGES 4.2 ACTION FIELDS AND CHALLENGES 4.3 SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN CITIES 5. SMART CITY PROJECTS 5.1 RELATION BETWEEN SMART CITY PROJECTS AND SMART CITIES 5.2 CLASSIFICATION OF SMART CITY INITIATIVES 5.3 SITUATION OF SMART CITY PROJECTS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 6. REFERENCES
ASCIMER DOCUMENT
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 2
SMART CITIES: CONCEPT, CHALLENGES AND PROJECTS
A Smart City connects human capital, social capital and ICT infrastructure in order to address public issues, achieve a sustainable development and increase the quality of life of its citizens.
• Achieve a sustainable development. • Increase the quality of life of its citizens. • Improve the efficiency of the existing and new infrastructure.
SMART CITY DEFINITION
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 3
WORKING DEFINITION
SMART CITY GOALS
Use of Information and Communication Technologies as a mean to achieve its objectives. ICT as tool for the improvement of the city.
ICT FACTOR
SUSTAINABLE vs SMART
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 4
SMART DEVELOPMENT MODEL
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT MODEL
• Effects on the nearby settlements economically and socially connected. • Expansion to the whole region. • Regional and interregional networks.
SMART CITY DEFINITION
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 5
MAIN ACTORS
SCOPE OF THE SMART CITY
IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART CITY PROJECTS
• Government and city authorities. • Public-private partnerships. • Citizen participation.
• Pilot projects. • Global Smart City strategy + testing projects embraced on it. • High risk projects with long payback periods. • Difficulties to have access to traditional financial resources.
OTHER CITY CONCEPTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 6
RELATION BETWEEN OTHER CONCEPTS AND THE SMART CITY MODEL
• Smart Governance • Smart Economy • Smart Mobility • Smart Environment • Smart People • Smart Living
ACTION FIELDS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 7
SMART CITY ACTION FIELDS. ICT AS COMMON ENABLER
SMART CITY AREAS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 8
SMART CITY ACTION FIELDS AND AREAS SUSTAINABLE CITY
ASPECTS CITY AXES
SMART CITY ACTION FIELDS
SMART CITY AREAS
economic INSTITUTIONS GOVERNANCE
PARTICIPATION
TRANSPARENCY PUBLIC AND SOCIAL SERVICES
ECONOMY INNOVATION
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
environmental HABITAT
MOBILITY
TRAFFIC PUBLIC TRANSPORT
ICT INFRASTRUCTURE LOGISTICS
ENVIRONMENT NETWORK AND ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
social CITIZEN
PEOPLE DIGITAL EDUCATION
CREATIVITY
LIVING TOURISM & CULTURE
HEALTH & SAFETY TECHNOLOGY ACCESIBILITY
CITY CHALLENGES
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 9
CITY CHALLENGES GOVERNANCE ECONOMY MOBILITY ENVIRONMENT PEOPLE LIVING Flexible governance
Unemployment Sustainable mobility
Energy saving Unemployment Affordable housing
Shrinking cities Shrinking cities Inclusive mobility
Shrinking cities Social cohesion Social cohesion
Combination of formal and informal government
Economic decline
Multimodal public transport systems
Holistic approach to environmental and energy issues
Poverty Health problems
Territorial cohesion
Territorial cohesion
Pollution Pollution Ageing population
Crime rate
Mono-sectorial economy
Traffic congestion
Urban sprawl Social diversity as source of innovation
Urban sprawl
Sustainable local economies
Non-car mobility
Social diversity as source of innovation
CITY CHALLENGES
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 10
24 CITY CHALLENGES 17 one-field challenges
• 5 mobility • 3 living • 3 economy • 2 governance • 2 people • 2 environment
7 multi-field challenges
CITY CHALLENGES
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 11
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Urban population (%)
AlgeriaEgyptEUIsraelJordanLebanonLibyaMoroccoPalestineSyriaTunisiaTurkeyWorld
Source
World Bank
MEDITERRANEAN REGION
CITY CHALLENGES
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 12
• Slum proliferation • Urban violence and insecurity • Urban poverty • Climate change effects • Congestion + pollution • Lack of public transport • Water scarcity • High infrastructure deficits • Shortage in access to ICT • Scarcity of resources
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN CITIES CHALLENGES
MEDITERRANEAN REGION
CITY CHALLENGES
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 13
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Internet users (%)
AlgeriaEgyptEUIsraelJordanLebanonLibyaMoroccoPalestineSyriaTunisiaTurkeyWorld
Source
World Bank (last available)
MEDITERRANEAN REGION
CITY CHALLENGES
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 14
Algeria
Egypt
EU Israel
Jordan Lebanon
Morocco Syria
Tunisia Turkey
World
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
HDI
IDI
Human Development Index (%) – ICT Development Index
Palestine and Libya: no data (IDI)
Sources
HDI: UNDP (2012) IDI: ITU (2012)
MEDITERRANEAN REGION
CITY CHALLENGES
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 15
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN CITIES CHALLENGES Providing basic services looking forward to future challenges
MEDITERRANEAN REGION
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 18
ACTION FIELD AREA SMART CITY INITIATIVE
SMA
RT
GO
VERN
AN
CE
PARTICIPATION Complaints and suggestions
Participation in decision-making
TRANSPARENCY Open Data
Municipal transparency
PUBLIC AND SOCIAL SERVICES
e-municipality
City Council on social networks
GIS
Social and City services information
Smart Justice
SMA
RT
ECO
NO
MY INNOVATION
Innovation Centre e-commerce
ENTREPRENEURSHIP Business centre
job-search resource centres
ACTION FIELD AREA SMART CITY INITIATIVE
SMA
RT M
OBI
LITY
TRAFFIC Variable Traffic Management Traffic monitoring Traffic control
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Public Transportation App Card of Public Transportation Intelligent bus stops Car sharing Public bicycles Electric bus Tramway
ICT INFRASTRUCTURE Parking sensors Parking information NFC payment
LOGISTICS Smart Logistics
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 19
ACTION FIELD AREA SMART CITY INITIATIVE
SMA
RT E
NVI
RON
MEN
T
NETWORK AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
environmental Information and alerts
Containers with sensors
Monitoring distribution networks
App with incidents
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Recharging electric vehicles
Energy efficient in buildings
intelligent Lighting Smart grids
Irrigation remote control
Renewables
District heating and cooling
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 20
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 21
ACTION FIELD AREA SMART CITY INITIATIVE
SMA
RT
PEO
PLE
DIGITAL EDUCATION Centre for learning new technologies
Internet in schools CREATIVITY Centre for creating apps
SMA
RT
LIVI
NG
TOURISM & CULTURE event information
tourism app
HEALTH & SAFETY
e-health
accessibility in public places
Telecare video surveillance
TECHNOLOGY ACCESIBILITY
free wifi
optical fibre
citizen card
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 22
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
“ISTANBUL HARETEK HALINDE” (ISTANBUL IN MOTION)
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 23
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
IBM RESEARCH CENTRE (HAIFA)
SMARTER WATER PROJECT
LEAKAGE AND DEMAND FORECASTING
WATER QUALITY
HIGH AVAILABILITY
AUTOMATED WATER MANAGEMENT
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 24
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
HALUZA SMART CITY (PROJECT STAGE)
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 25
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
NEW CITY-BUILDING PROJECTS
Casa Green Town (MA)
Smart Village (EG) Raoued (TN)
Tunis Smart City (TN)
Abdali District (JO)
El Jadida (MA)
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 26
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
E-MUNICIPALITY SERVICES (TOP-DOWN)
BURSA
TEL AVIV
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 27
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
E-GOVERNMENT (TOP-DOWN)
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 28
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
MOBILITY PROJECTS
NFC
Traffic monitoring
Public Bicycles
Tramway
Public Transport
App
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 29
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTS
Renewables
Intelligent lighting
Energy efficiency in
buildings
Environmental information and
alerts
Monitoring distribution
networks
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 30
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
MOBILE APP: “BEIRUT ELECTRICITY CUT OFF” (BOTTOM-UP)
SMART CITY PROJECTS
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 31
SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9Weighted Score
Smart City projects found in South Mediterranean Cities
LIVINGPEOPLEENVIRONMENTMOBILITYECONOMYGOVERNANCE
SMART CITY PROJECTS
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SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
SMART CITY PROJECTS FOUND IN SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN REGION
EIBURS PROGRAM. ASCIMER. ASSESING SMART CITY INITIATIVES FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 33
¡THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Andrea Torregrosa Researcher at TRANSyT UPM Mario Martín Researcher at TRANSyT UPM