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UNDERSTANDING OF THE DEEN (AL-ISLAM)Intermediate Islamic (FIQH) course in English
Conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
LESSON # 4LESSON # 4
Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.
““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”
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IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.
"O my Lord! Let my entry be by the Gate of Truth and Honour, and likewise my exit by the Gate of Truth and Honour; and grant me from
Thy Presence an authority to aid (me)”(Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 80)
RENEW TO THE SHIP (UMMAH) RENEW TO THE SHIP (UMMAH) EDUCATION (KNOWLEDGE) EDUCATION (KNOWLEDGE)
Elucidation of the problem identified – Elucidation of the problem identified – Absence of active Cultural EducationAbsence of active Cultural Education
Updated 5 NOVEMBER 2016
PARTPART # 4 # 4(Aug-(Aug-20162016))
“O Allah! Grant favours in our hearing, in our sight and in our strength to be
always upon Your Path. And make our yearnings and desires to be in accord
with everything (teachings and guidance) which has ben brought by Your
beloved Muhammad - salutations of Allah and peace be upon him.”
ALLAA-HUM-MA – MA-TI’-NAA – BI-AS-MAA-INAA – WA
– AB-SWAA-RI-NAA – WA- QUW-WAA-TI-NAA- FEE- SA-BEE – LIK, -
WAJ – ‘AL – HA-WAA-NAA –TA-BA-’AN- LI-MAA – JAA – A – BI-HI – HA-BEE-BU-KA
– MUHAM-MADUN – SWOL-LAL-LAA-HU –’ALAI-HI - WA-SAL-LAM
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2016)) PREVIOUS LESSON
Hadith extracted from: ‘NASA-IHU AL-’IBAAD ‘ALAA SHARHI AL-MUNABBIHAT ‘ALA AL-ISTI’DAD LI-YAUMI AL-MA-’AD’
Sheikh Imam Muhammad Nawawi bin Umar al-Jawi al-Bantanifamous Nusantaran scholar and Imam in Makkah (1813-1897)
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O Aba Dzar! Renew the ship, for verily the ocean is deep,
And take complete provision, for verily the journey is far,
And lighten the load, for verily the obstacles are almost insurmountable,
And be sincere in your deeds, for verily the scrutinizer of faults
is The Seeing (Allah).AN-NAASEEHAHThe Sincere Advice
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THE HADITH
PREVIOUS LESSON
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CHALLENGES CHALLENGES TOWARDS THIS TOWARDS THIS
UMMAHUMMAH
EXTERNAL
IDENTIFYING THE THREAT
PREVIOUS LESSON
LACKING ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHICALRESPONSE TO ‘SECULARISM’
NEGLECT MASTERY OF LANGUAGES
CONFUSIONIN KNOWLEDGE
ABSENCE OFAN ACTIVE CULTURAL
EDUCATIONBREAKDOWN
OF ADAB
RISE OF FALSE LEADERS AND FAILED LEADERSHIP
SCARCITY OF TRULYISLAMIC EDUCATORS
AND THINKERSTRUNCATION FROMHISTORY OF ISLAMIC
CIVILIZATION
LACK OF READINGCULTURE AND OF
SERIOUS RESEARCH
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LACKING ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHICALRESPONSE TO ‘SECULARISM’
NEGLECT MASTERY OF LANGUAGES
CONFUSIONIN KNOWLEDGE
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ABSENCE OFAN ACTIVE CULTURAL
EDUCATION
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2016))
The words referring to culture in Malay are “BUDAYA” and “SENI or
KESENIAN”.
“BUDAYA” comes fro two words “BUDI” and “DAYA”. The two
words highlight the raisons d'être of moral upright man seeking to
serve the Creator and humanity by bringing benefit towards others.
And “SENI” meaning “subtle or refined” alludes to the way he
carries it out in his serving – with ethics as well as aesthetics.
These are in fact inherent in the Islamic concept of “KHIDMAH;
IHSAN; IN-NALLAHU JAMEEL WA YUHIBBUL JAMAL; ITQAN; ” etc.
Yet, those promoting our culture may not know and thus need to
be aware of how culture need Islamization.
WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT
THIS?
PREVIOUS LESSON
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TO CONTINUE THIS LESSON
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“O mankind, indeed We have created you from
male and female and made you peoples and
tribes that you may know one another. Indeed,
the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the
most righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing
and Acquainted.”
(Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 13)
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““And remember! your Lord caused to be declared (publicly): And remember! your Lord caused to be declared (publicly):
""If ye are gratefulIf ye are grateful, I will add more (favours) unto you; , I will add more (favours) unto you; but if but if
ye show ingratitudeye show ingratitude, truly My punishment is terrible indeed." , truly My punishment is terrible indeed."
((Qur’an: Ibrahim:14: 7Qur’an: Ibrahim:14: 7))
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We the prophets are commanded to We the prophets are commanded to placeplace people people
according to their station according to their station and toand to speak speak unto them unto them
in accordance with their in accordance with their intellectual capacity.intellectual capacity.
((Hadith reported by Abu Dawud from A’isyah r.aHadith reported by Abu Dawud from A’isyah r.a.).)
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“People are like minerals, the best of them in Jahiliyah
will still be the best amongst them in Islam,
so long as they have proper (profound) understanding.”
(Hadith reported by Bukhary, Muslim, Darimi and Ahmad)
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“The preservation of earlier teachings of the righteous
(predecessors) and the acceptance of whatever is new
(current local practices but when deemed as) righteous.
AN ACCEPTED PRINCIPLE ADOPTED IN DA’WAH IN THE NUSANTARAAN ACCEPTED PRINCIPLE ADOPTED IN DA’WAH IN THE NUSANTARA
AL-MUAL-MUHHAA-FA-ZO -TU– ‘ALAL – QO-DEE-MUS – AA-FA-ZO -TU– ‘ALAL – QO-DEE-MUS – SWSWO - LIHO - LIH
WAL – AWAL – AKHKH-DU – BIL – JA –DEE-DIL- A-DU – BIL – JA –DEE-DIL- ASWSW- LA- LAHH
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““Whosoever enjoins (people) towards Whosoever enjoins (people) towards
MA’RUFMA’RUF (good and right), let him do it (good and right), let him do it
with with MA’RUFMA’RUF (good and right method).” (good and right method).”
((Hadith Hadith ))
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““Make Make easyeasy, and do not impose difficulty, , and do not impose difficulty,
and convey and convey glad tidingsglad tidings, and do not cause them , and do not cause them
to run away (from this Deen)”to run away (from this Deen)”
((Hadith reported by Bukhary Hadith reported by Bukhary ))
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Extracted from:
The primary concern of the Shari’ah can be summed
up, generally as :
“(towards ensuring a better life by)
providing “maslahat ” (benefits)
and the removal of “mafsadah ” (harm) for mankind.”
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Extracted from:
Thus the Shari’ah laws are there to firstly preserve the basic
rights :
Dharuriyyah: “the essential rights of mankind.”
This can be said to be Islam’s stipulations of basic human rights -
which the purpose of any legislative philosophy should uphold.
Yet, because Shari’ah is based on Divinely revealed principles ,
clearly established and documented, it cannot be repealed
anymore, like the man made legislative system.
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Extracted from:
The five important essentials (human rights) which it seeks to The five important essentials (human rights) which it seeks to
preserve are: preserve are:
1.1. right of religionright of religion, ,
2.2. right to life, right to life,
3.3. right to proper use of the intellect, right to proper use of the intellect,
4.4. right to ownership of property, right to ownership of property,
5.5. right of progeny (including preservation of honour and right of progeny (including preservation of honour and
dignity).dignity).
DharuriyyahDharuriyyah: the essential rights of mankind.: the essential rights of mankind.
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Extracted from:
Not only does the Shari’ah laws are there to preserve these basic
rights, it goes even beyond mere essentials but includes catering to
related human needs (Haa-jiat) :
Haa-jiat : “the needs of mankind.”
The needs are those requirements attached to the essential rights
as mentioned above. Thus, it provides a wide and dynamic scope
for jurists to extend and include considerations for changing
circumstances of human life.
Haa-jiatHaa-jiat: the needs of mankind.: the needs of mankind.
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Extracted from:
TaTahhsiniyyatsiniyyat: the perfection in well-being.: the perfection in well-being.
Not merely the essential and needs, the Shari’ah even strive
towards the ultimate betterment, termed:
Tahsiniyyat : the perfection of mankind’s well-being.
The perfection of man’s life are those which society is
enjoined by Islam to aspire to, which can be summed up
into two broad categories:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ
MAHAASIN AL-’AADAH
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
As the aim in legislation is to ensure well-being of society,
Islam’s fundamental focus is also towards the actualizing the
goodness in man through: ISLAH ‘reform’ or ‘rehabilitation’ of
its citizen towards noble ethical virtues, without which the
‘goodness’ of any law would be worthless - as it can never be
manifested in society.
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
Thus, the educative (element) of the Prophet’s implementation
of Shari’ah upon the citizens must never be overlooked, lest it
become dry legalism - enforcement lacking compassion and
autocratic – which is opposed to how the Prophet Muhammad
s.a.a.w. had taught and had successfully established (SUNNAH)
to the first generation amongst our pious predecessors . Allah
SWT recorded praises regarding his exemplary approach:
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
““It is part of the Mercy of Allah that thou dost deal It is part of the Mercy of Allah that thou dost deal
gently with them. Wert thou severe or harsh-hearted gently with them. Wert thou severe or harsh-hearted
they would have broken away from about thee; so pass they would have broken away from about thee; so pass
over (their faults), and ask for (Allah's) forgiveness for over (their faults), and ask for (Allah's) forgiveness for
them; and consult them in affairs (of moment). Then them; and consult them in affairs (of moment). Then
when thou hast taken a decision, put thy trust in Allah. when thou hast taken a decision, put thy trust in Allah.
For Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him).” For Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him).”
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3:159Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3:159))
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
“ “Ye are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind, enjoining what is Ye are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind, enjoining what is
right, forbidding what is wrong, and believing in Allah.”right, forbidding what is wrong, and believing in Allah.”
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 110Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 110))
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
''Verily, in the Messenger of Allah (Muhammad) you have a good
example for everyone who looks forward (with hopes and awe) to
Allah and the Last Day, and remembers Allah unceasingly''.
(Qur'an: Al Ahzab 33:21)
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
“And thou (Muhammad) standest on an exalted standard
of character.”
(Qur’an: al-Qalam: 68:4)
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Extracted from:
MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQMAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ: : ““the nobility of character of citizens”the nobility of character of citizens”
Prophet Muhammad Prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلصملسو هيلع هللا ىلص s.a.w. said:s.a.w. said:
““Verily I have not been raised (as a Prophet) except
to perfect the noble nature (AKHLAQ) of mankind''.
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
As to these (perfecting life-style and customs by making available
all that which benefits society) – the Shari’ah must aim to affect
positively to the customs and life-style in others based upon
universal moral value inherent in all religion or humane , so that
life can be an expression of praising and glorification of God.
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
The right or freedom to choose religion being upheld, does not
prevent positive interaction amongst various people of different
race or religion to be done. Islamic Da’wah (call, invitation or
propagation) is most effectively done , by providing a practical
examples. Even if others do not accept to embrace Islam, it wish
to share the universal human morality inherent in people so
that life becomes better if not the best.
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
““There is no compulsion in religion. Verily, the Right There is no compulsion in religion. Verily, the Right
Path has become distinct from the wrong path.”Path has become distinct from the wrong path.”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 256Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 256) )
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
““Allah commands justice, the doing of good, and the giving Allah commands justice, the doing of good, and the giving
to kith and kin (their dues), and He forbids all shameful to kith and kin (their dues), and He forbids all shameful
deeds, and injustice and rebellion: He instructs you, that ye deeds, and injustice and rebellion: He instructs you, that ye
may receive admonition.”may receive admonition.”
((Qur’an: Nahlu: 16: 90Qur’an: Nahlu: 16: 90))
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
““So set thou thy face steadily and truly to the faith: So set thou thy face steadily and truly to the faith:
(establish) Allah's handiwork according to the pattern on (establish) Allah's handiwork according to the pattern on
which He has made mankind: no change (let there be) in the which He has made mankind: no change (let there be) in the
work (wrought) by Allah: that is the standard Religion: but work (wrought) by Allah: that is the standard Religion: but
most among mankind understand not.” most among mankind understand not.”
((Qur’an: Rum: 30: 30Qur’an: Rum: 30: 30))
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2016))
Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
““And thus have We willed you to be a community of the And thus have We willed you to be a community of the
middle way (middle way (ummatan wasotanummatan wasotan) [i.e. justly balanced], so ) [i.e. justly balanced], so
that [with your lives] you might bear witness to the truth that [with your lives] you might bear witness to the truth
before all mankind (before all mankind (shuhadaa-a ‘alan-naasshuhadaa-a ‘alan-naas) , and the ) , and the
Messenger as a witness over you.“Messenger as a witness over you.“
((Qur’an: al- Baqarah: 2:143Qur’an: al- Baqarah: 2:143))
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Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2016))
Extracted from:
MAHASIN-AL-’AADAHMAHASIN-AL-’AADAH: : ““perfecting customs or life-style”perfecting customs or life-style”
““Ye are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind, enjoining what Ye are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind, enjoining what
is right, forbidding what is wrong, and believing in Allah. is right, forbidding what is wrong, and believing in Allah.
If only the People of the Book had faith it were best for them; If only the People of the Book had faith it were best for them;
among them are some who have faith, but most of them are among them are some who have faith, but most of them are
perverted transgressors. “perverted transgressors. “
((Qur’an: Aali ’Imran: 3: 110Qur’an: Aali ’Imran: 3: 110) )
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Extracted from:
““O you who have believed, O you who have believed, do not betray do not betray Allah Allah
and the Messenger or betray your trusts and the Messenger or betray your trusts
((AMANAHAMANAH) while you know [the consequence].”) while you know [the consequence].”
((Qur’an: Surah al-Anfal: 8: 27Qur’an: Surah al-Anfal: 8: 27))
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Extracted from:
Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group
of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine,
social habits, music and arts.
The Centre for Advance Research on Language Acquisition goes a
step further, defining culture as shared patterns of behaviours
and interactions, cognitive constructs and understanding that are
learned by socialization. Thus, it can be seen as the growth of a
group identity fostered by social patterns unique to the group.
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Kim Ann Zimmermann, Live Science WEBSITE
The word "culture" derives from a French term,
which in turn derives from the Latin "colere,"
which means to tend to the earth and grow, or
cultivation and nurture. "It shares its etymology
with a number of other words related to
actively fostering growth,"
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Cristina De Rossi, anthropologist at Barnet
and Southgate College London.
LANGUAGE
BELIEF & VALUES
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CUISINE
SOCIAL HABIT(LIFESTYLE)
MUSIC(ENTERTAINMENT)
ARTS & CRAFTS
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RUMAH ADAT MELAYU
BENGKULU
Veranda(general visitors)
Living- sitting room(for familial guest)
Master bed room
Daughter’s bed room
Ancillary room Family Dining room
KitchenBack- veranda(Ladies private corner)
Wash area
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RUMAH ADAT MELAYU
BENGKULU
Hallw
ay o
nly
for f
amily
KEYTempayan – clay water container
Staircase-down
curtain
Low balustrade