slavery in america€¦ · african-americans in the south by 1840, cotton was ruling the south’s...
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SLAVERY IN
AMERICA
PLANTATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
SECTIONAL TENSIONS
THE COTTON BOOM
THE CULPRIT????
OR MAYBE THIS?
COTTON GIN (SHORT FOR ENGINE)
SIMPLE MACHINE WITH HUGE
RAMIFICATIONS FOR FARMING AND
INDUSTRY NATIONWIDE
WHAT THE USE OF THE COTTON GIN
DID FOR THE SOUTH AND SLAVERY
COTTON WAS KING
HOW THE SOUTH CHANGED
COTTON FARMING EXPLODED FROM ITS BEGINNINGS ON THE ATLANTIC
COAST
MOVED INTO NORTHERN FLORIDA
WESTWARD INTO ALABAMA, MISSISSIPPI, LOUISIANA, ARKANSAS, AND TEXAS
COTTON WAS VALUABLE
PLANTERS STOPPED GROWING OTHER PRODUCTS
EXPORTS INCREASED
NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES PUSHED OUT FOR THE LAND
LABOR INTENSIVE
SLAVERY INCREASED
EASTERN SLAVES SOLD TO PLANTATIONS IN SOUTH AND WEST
PRIMARY MARKET: NORTHEASTERN MILLS AND ENGLAND
MASSIVE SHIFT IN
PRODUCTION
DILEMMA FOR THE COUNTRY
(ESPECIALLY THE SOUTH) SLAVERY IMPORTATION OUTLAWED AFTER 1808
COST OF SLAVES GOES UP AS COTTON EARNINGS GO UP
$300 (1790) $1000 (LATE 1830S)
NEEDED MORE SLAVES TO ANSWER THE GROWING DEMAND FOR
COTTON
INCREASE EFFORTS TO BREED FOLLOW-ON GENERATIONS
INCREASE IN SMUGGLING
SLAVERY DIVIDED THE SOUTH
WEALTHY PLANTATION OWNERS WITH SLAVES (1/3 OF FAMILIES)
POOR WHITE FARMERS WORKED THEIR FIELDS THEMSELVES
HOPED TO BUY SLAVES SOMEDAY
SUPPORTED SLAVERY
NEEDED SLAVES TO INCREASE PROFITS
SMUGGLING ROUTES AND ORIGINS
AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN THE SOUTH BY 1840, COTTON WAS RULING THE SOUTH’S ECONOMY
SLAVERY HAD AN AFFECT ON BLACK SOUTHERNERS AS IT DID ON
WHITES
SLAVES MADE UP 1/3 OF THE TOTAL POPULATION IN THE SOUTH
HALF OF ALL SLAVES WORKED ON LARGE PLANTATIONS
IN CITIES, SLAVES HAD A DIFFERENT SET OF ROLES
SERVANTS IN THE HOUSE
SKILLED CRAFTSMEN
FACTORY HANDS
DAY LABORERS
HIRED OUT BY OWNER AND ALLOWED TO KEEP PART OF THEIR EARNINGS
ALMOST A FREEMAN (FREDERICK DOUGLASS)
SLAVES ACROSS
THE US
AS FAR NORTH AS NEW
JERSEY
DENSITY MATCHES
COTTON GROWING AREAS
DELAWARE: 2000
GEORGIA: 462,000
MISSISSIPPI: 437,000
FREE BLACKS IN THE SOUTH BY 1840, 8% OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN THE SOUTH WERE FREE
BORN FREE
FREED BY OWNER
BOUGHT THEIR OWN FREEDOM
FREE BLACKS LIVED IN CITIES
BALTIMORE
WASHINGTON D.C.
PROBLEMS
STATES MADE THEM LEAVE ONCE FREE
NO VOTING RIGHTS
NO RIGHT TO EDUCATION
TOUGH TO FIND WORK
ALWAYS A POSSIBILITY THEY WOULD BE CAPTURED AND SOLD BACK INTO SLAVERY.
BIRTH OF A CULTURE
SLAVES ON PLANTATIONS DEVELOPED A CULTURE TO SURVIVE
RELIGIOUS BASE
OWNERS ENCOURAGED TO MAKE SLAVES ACCEPT THEIR STATUS
MINISTERS QUOTED PASSAGES “SERVANTS, OBEY YOUR MASTERS”
SLAVES LOOKED TO THE STORY OF MOSES
CLOSE PERSONAL BONDS
MUSIC IN THE FORM OF “SPIRITUALS”
EXPRESSED RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
CODED MESSAGES PLANNING ESCAPES
MOVEMENTS OF THEIR OWNER
FORERUNNER OF “JAZZ” AND “THE BLUES”
COMFORTED THOSE IN PAIN
EASED BOREDOM OF DAILY ROUTINE
LOSS OF THE FAMILY
UNIT
FAMILIES SPLIT APART THROUGH SALES
MOTHERS PARTED FROM CHILDREN
FATHERS PARTED FROM THE FAMILY
RUNAWAY SLAVES
USUALLY TO TRY TO REUNITE WITH THEIR FAMILY
ESCAPE SEPARATION
MARRIAGES WERE NOT LEGALLY RECOGNIZED BY THE STATES
PARENTS ON NEIGHBORING PLANTATIONS WOULD VISIT CHILDREN AT NIGHT
SLAVE REBELLIONS ARMED REBELLION WAS THE EXTREME FORM OF RESISTANCE TO SLAVERY
EARLY REBELLIONS
1800--GABRIEL PROSSER RICHMOND, VIRGINIA
1822--DENMARK VESEY, CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA
1831—NAT TURNER, VIRGINIA *MOST FAMOUS*
70 FOLLOWERS
KILLED 55 WHITE MEN, WOMEN, AND CHILDREN
CAPTURED WHEN AMMUNITION RAN OUT
16 KILLED
TURNER WAS TRIED, HANGED, AND SKINNED
SPREAD FEAR THROUGHOUT THE SOUTH
200 SLAVES KILLED IN RETALIATION
LAWS PASSED AGAINST SLAVES AND FREE BLACKS ALIKE
CAN’T BUY WEAPONS
CAN’T BUY LIQUOR
NO RELIGIOUS SERVICES WITHOUT WHITES PRESENT
ANTI-SLAVERY PUBLICATIONS PROHIBITED FROM DELIVERY BY POST OFFICES
TENSION INCREASED BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH: THE LID WAS READY TO BLOW OFF THE POT
BETRAYED AND LEADERS HUNG
