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SKRIPSI
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSANPEMILIHAN TANAMAN PERKOTAAN
MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Oleh :
ANGGA REZA PRAYOGO
2011-51-230
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS
2016
ii
SKRIPSI
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN TANAMAN
PERKOTAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Oleh :
ANGGA REZA PRAYOGO
2011-51-230
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS
2016
vii
ABSTRACT
Naive Bayes classifier method is often used in support of decision-making,
when decisions were faced with a number of criteria and a number of alternatives.
Where the criteria in the decision making certainly has a number of alternative
weights. One of the problem areas that can be solved with a Naive Bayes classifier
method is the selection of urban plants. Where the criteria in question is composed of
the following criteria: plant height, the structure of plant root, stem strength, the
strength of twigs, leaves the size of the age of the plant, the plant canopy forms and
plant flowers. These criteria will be determined the weight of the local, the
alternative consists of the existing plant. After determining the weight of each
criterion, then the next step is to be determined the weight of each alternative for
each criterion in order to obtain global weight. Assessment of urban plant selection
is important to determine which plants are suitable to be planted urban dilahan.To
address this need for a system to determine the percentage of the resulting choice of
plants for planting urban dilahan, then compared to the following criteria: plant
height, the structure of plant root, stem diameter, the strength of twigs, plant growth,
leaf size and age of the plant.permitted by the comparison process to give
quantitative value to each plant (not just rank or class / level). Applications built a
responsive web-based applications using the programming language PHP and uses
a MySQL database. The method used is Naive Bayes classifier
Keywords: election of municipal plants, Naive Bayes Classifier
viii
ABSTRAK
Metode Naive Bayes Classifier sering digunakan dalam hal
membantupengambilan keputusan, bila pengambilan keputusan itu dihadapkan pada
adanya sejumlah kriteria dansejumlah alternatif.Dimana kriteria yang ada dalam
pengambilan keputusan itu tentunya memilikisejumlah bobot alternatif.Salah satu
bidang permasalahan yang dapat diselesaikan dengan metode Naive Bayes Classifier
ini adalah pemilihan tanaman perkotaan. Di mana kriteria yang dimaksud adalah
terdiri dari kriteria: tinggi tanaman, struktur akar tanaman, kekuatan batang, kekuatan
ranting, ukuran daun umur tanaman, bentuk tajuk tanaman dan bunga
tanaman.Kriteria ini nantinya ditentukan bobotlokalnya, dengan alternatif terdiri dari
tanaman yang ada. Setelah ditentukan bobot dari tiap kriteria,maka langkah
selanjutnya adalah akan ditentukan bobot dari tiap alternatif untuk masing-
masingkriteria sehingga diperoleh bobot global. Penilaian pemilihan tanaman
perkotaan ini penting untuk menentukan tanaman mana yang cocok ditanam dilahan
perkotaan.Untuk menyikapi hal tersebut perlu adanya suatu sistem untuk mengetahui
presentase pemilihan jenis tanaman yang dihasilkan untuk ditanam dilahan
perkotaan, kemudian dibandingkan dengan kriteria: tinggi tanaman, struktur akar
tanaman, diameter batang, kekuatan ranting, pertumbuhan tanaman, ukuran daun dan
usia tanaman. yang diijinkan berdasarkanproses perbandingan untuk memberikan
nilai kuantitatif pada masing-masing tanaman (bukan hanya peringkat ataupun kelas /
tingkatan ).Aplikasiyang dibangun merupakan aplikasi berbasis web responsifdengan
menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan menggunakan database MySQL.
Metode yang digunakan adalah Naive Bayes Classifier
Kata Kunci :Pemilihan, Tanaman Kota , Naive Bayes Classifier
ix
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas Rahmat dan Hidayah-Nya
penulis mampu menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi ini dengan judul “Sistem
Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman Perkotaan Menggunakan Metode Naïve
Bayes Classifier”.
Skripsi ini disusun guna melengkapi salah satu persyaratan untuk
memperoleh Gelar Kesarjanaan Program Studi Teknik Informatika Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Muria Kudus. Pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan rasa
terima kasih sebesar-besarnya kepada :
1. Allah SWT yang telah memberikan Rahmat dan Hidayah-Nya.
2. Bapak M.Yusuf dan Ibu Sumarni yang senantiasa memberikan dukungan,
semangat, doa dan materi yang sangat berarti.
3. Bapak Dr. Suparnyo, SH, MS, selaku Rektor Universitas Muria Kudus.
4. Bapak Mohammad Dahlan, ST, MT, selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Muria Kudus.
5. Bapak Ahmad Jazuli, M.Kom, selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik Informatika
Universitas Muria Kudus.
6. Ibu Rina Fiati, ST, M.Cs selaku pembimbing I yang telah banyak memberikan
masukan selama penyusunan skripsi ini.
7. Ibu Anastasya Latubessy, S.Kom, M.Cs, selaku pembimbing II yang telah
banyak memberikan masukan selama penyusunan skripsi ini.
8. Teman-teman TI Angkatan 2011 yang sudah memberikan masukan dan nasehat
untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini, serta semua pihak yang telah membantu
penyusunan skripsi ini yang tidak bisa penulis sebutkan satu persatu.
Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa dalam penyusunan skripsi ini masih
terdapat banyak kekurangan.Selain itu penulis juga berharap bahwa karya tulis ini
dapat memberikan manfaat bagi semua orang.
Kudus, 7 Januari 2016
Penulis
x
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
SKRIPSI ........................................................................................................................ i
SKRIPSI ....................................................................................................................... ii
PENGESAHAN STATUS SKRIPSI .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
PERNYATAAN PENULIS ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. vii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ viii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ x
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................ xiv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................ xvii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................ 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 3
1.3 Batasan Masalah ..................................................................................... 3
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 4
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................. 4
1.5.1 Bagi Penulis .............................................................................. 4
1.5.2 Bagi Akademik ......................................................................... 4
1.5.3 Bagi Instansi ............................................................................. 4
1.5.4 Bagi Pengembang Ilmu Pengetahuan Teknologi ...................... 5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .................................................................................. 6
2.1 Penelitian Terkait .................................................................................... 6
xi
2.2 Landasan Teori ..................................................................................... 11
2.2.1 Pengertian Sistem Pendukung Keputusan .............................. 11
2.2.2 Tujuan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan .................................... 11
2.2.3 Fase Pengambilan Keputusan ................................................. 12
2.2.4 Arsitektur Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ............................... 13
2.2.5 Karateristik Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ............................ 15
2.2.6 Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) .................................. 16
2.2.6.1 Pengertian Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) 16
2.2.6.2 Prosedur Naïve Bayes ............................................ 16
2.2.6.3 Cara Kerja Naïve Bayes ......................................... 17
2.2.6.4 Likelihood .............................................................. 18
2.2.7 Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ................................................ 18
2.2.8 Analisis Sistem ....................................................................... 19
2.2.9 Perancangan Sistem ................................................................ 19
2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran ............................................................................. 28
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN............................................................................. 29
3.1 Metode Pengumpulan Data ................................................................... 29
3.2 Metodologi Pengembangan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ................. 29
3.3 Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) ................................................. 31
BAB IVPERANCANGAN SISTEM ......................................................................... 32
4.1 Analisa Masalah .................................................................................... 32
4.2 Analisa Kebutuhan Sistem .................................................................... 32
4.3 Pemodelan SPK .................................................................................... 33
4.4 Perhitungan Metode Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) ............................ 36
4.5 Desain ................................................................................................... 43
4.5.1 Pemodelan Data ...................................................................... 43
4.5.1.1 ERD (Entity Relational Diagram) .......................... 43
4.5.1.2 Tabel-tabel.............................................................. 44
4.5.1.3 Relasi Antar Tabel.................................................. 47
4.5.2 Pemodelan Proses ................................................................... 49
4.5.2.1 Bagan Alir (Flowchart) .......................................... 49
4.5.2.2 Contex Diagram ..................................................... 51
xii
BAB V IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM .......................................................................... 76
5.1 Impelemntasi SPK ................................................................................ 76
5.1.1 Halaman Utama ...................................................................... 76
5.1.2 Halaman Registrasi ................................................................. 77
5.1.3 Halaman Login........................................................................ 78
5.1.4 Halaman Sistem pada Hak Akses Admin ............................... 79
5.1.5 Halaman Kriteria .................................................................... 80
5.1.6 Susunan Kriteria ..................................................................... 82
5.1.7 Halaman Hasil ........................................................................ 85
5.1.8 Halaman Laporan.................................................................... 89
5.1.9 Halaman Ubah Password ........................................................ 90
5.1.10 Halaman About ....................................................................... 91
5.1.11 Halaman Sistem pada Hak Akses User .................................. 91
5.1.12 Halaman Uji SPK ................................................................... 92
5.1.13 Halaman Hasil Pengujian SPK ............................................... 93
5.1.14 Halaman Ubah Password ........................................................ 95
5.1.15 HalamanAbout ........................................................................ 97
5.2 Pengujian Aplikasi ................................................................................ 97
5.2.1 Pengujian Proses Login .......................................................... 97
5.2.2 Pengujian Proses Data Kriteria ............................................... 99
5.2.3 Pengujian Proses Data Susun Kriteria .................................. 100
5.2.4 Pengujian Proses Data Hitung SPK ...................................... 102
BAB VI PENUTUP ................................................................................................. 105
6.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 105
6.2 Saran ................................................................................................... 105
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................. 106
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1 Perbandingan Penelitian Terkait .................................................................. 7
Tabel 2.2 Simbol Program Flowchart ........................................................................ 21
Tabel 2.3 Komponen- komponen ERD ...................................................................... 22
Tabel 4.1 Tabel Sampel Data Aturan ......................................................................... 37
Tabel 4.2 Tabel Hasil ................................................................................................. 42
Tabel 4.3 Tabel User .................................................................................................. 44
Tabel 4.4Tabel Tanaman ............................................................................................ 45
Tabel 4.5 Tabel Kriteria ............................................................................................. 45
Tabel 4.6 Tabel Sub Kriteria ...................................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.7 Tabel Perhitungan ...................................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.8 Tabel Rumus .............................................................................................. 47
Tabel 5.1Tabel Pengujian Login ................................................................................ 97
Tabel 5.2Tabel Pengujian Proses Data Kriteria ......................................................... 99
Tabel 5.3 Tabel Pengujian Proses Data Susun Kriteria ........................................... 100
Tabel 5.4 Tabel Pengujian Proses Data Hitung SPK ............................................... 102
xiv
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1 Proses Pengambilan Keputusan (Turban, 2005) [6]............................... 13
Gambar 2.2 Arsitektur Decision Support System (Turban, 2005) ............................. 15
Gambar 2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran Sistem Pendukung Keputusan pemilihan tanaman
perkotaan .................................................................................................................... 28
Gambar 4.1 Diagram Arsitektur Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman
Perkotaan Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) ............................. 34
Gambar 4.2 Entity Relational Diagram(ERD) Sistem Pendukung Keputusan
Pemilihan Tanaman Perkotaan ................................................................................... 43
Gambar 4.3 Skema Tabel Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman
Perkotaan .................................................................................................................... 48
Gambar 4.4 Bagan Alir (Flowchart) Yang Sedang Berjalan ..................................... 49
Gambar 4.5 Bagan Alir (Flowchart) Sistem Yang Diusulkan ................................... 50
Gambar 4.6 Context Diagram .................................................................................... 52
Gambar 4.7 Analysis Report-Rule CheckContext Diagram ....................................... 52
Gambar 4.8 Analysis Report-Level Balance Context Diagram ................................. 53
Gambar 4.9 Dekompisisi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tanaman
Perkotaan .................................................................................................................... 53
Gambar 4.10 DFD Level 0 ......................................................................................... 54
Gambar 4.11 Analysis Report-Rule Check DFD Level 0 ......................................... 55
Gambar 4.12 Analysis Report-Level Balance DFD Level 0..................................... 56
Gambar 4.13 DFD Level 1 login............................................................................... 56
Gambar 4.14 Analysis Report- Rule Check DFD Level 1 Login ............................. 56
Gambar 4.15 Analysis Report -Level Balance DFD Level 1 login .......................... 57
Gambar 4.16 DFD Level 1 Pendataan ....................................................................... 57
Gambar 4.17 Analysis Report-Rule Check DFD Level 1 Pendataan ....................... 58
Gambar 4.18 Analysis Report-Level Balance DFD Level 1 Pendataan ................... 58
Gambar 4.19 DFD Level 1 Logout ........................................................................... 58
Gambar 4.20 Analysis Report-Rule Check DFD Level 1 Logout ............................. 59
Gambar 4.21 Analysis Report-Level Balance DFD Level 1 Logout ......................... 59
xv
Gambar 4.22 Layout Halaman ................................................................................... 60
Gambar 4.23 Struktur Menu Admin .......................................................................... 61
Gambar 4.24 Halaman Menu Utama Admin ............................................................. 62
Gambar 4.25 Struktur Menu Pengguna ...................................................................... 63
Gambar 4.26 Halaman Menu Utama Pengguna ......................................................... 64
Gambar 4.27 Desain Halaman Login ......................................................................... 64
Gambar 4.28 Desain Pesan Login Gagal ................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.29 Desain Halaman Pendataan Kriteria .................................................... 65
Gambar 4.30 Desain halaman output data kriteria pada tampilan admin .................. 66
Gambar 4.31 Desain halaman edit data kriteria ......................................................... 67
Gambar 4.32 Desain halaman kelola data susun kriteria ........................................... 68
Gambar 4.33 Desain halaman output data susun kriteria pada tampilan admin ........ 70
Gambar 4.34 Desain halaman hasil penilaian pada tampilan admin ........................ 70
Gambar 4.35 Desain halaman tampil hasil penilaian pada tampilan admin .............. 71
Gambar 4.36 Desain halaman pengujian SPK pemilihan tanaman............................ 72
Gambar 4.37 Desain halaman output Penilaian SPK Pemilihan Tanaman ............... 73
Gambar 4.38 Desain halaman hasil penilaian pemilihan tanaman pada tampilan
pengguna .................................................................................................................... 74
Gambar 4.39 Desain halaman tampil hasil Penilaian pemilihan tanaman perkotaan 75
Gambar 5.1Tampilan Halaman Utama ...................................................................... 77
Gambar 5.2Tampilan Halaman Registrasi ................................................................. 78
Gambar 5.3 Tampilan Halaman Login ....................................................................... 79
Gambar 5.4 Tampilan Halaman Hak Akses Admin................................................... 79
Gambar 5.5Tampilan Halaman Input Kriteria ........................................................... 80
Gambar 5.6Tampilan Halaman Daftar Kriteria ......................................................... 81
Gambar 5.7Tampilan Halaman Edit Kriteria ............................................................. 81
Gambar 5.8Tampilan Halaman Input Susunan Kriteria ............................................. 82
Gambar 5.9 Source Code Susun Kriteria ................................................................... 83
Gambar 5.10Tampilan Halaman Susunan Rumus SPK ............................................. 84
Gambar 5.11 Source Code Rumus SPK ..................................................................... 85
Gambar 5.12Tampilan Halaman Hasil ....................................................................... 86
xvi
Gambar 5.13Tampilan Tahap Pertama ...................................................................... 87
Gambar 5.14 Source Code Tahap Pertama ................................................................ 88
Gambar 5.15Tampilan Tahap Kedua ......................................................................... 88
Gambar 5.16Tampilan Tahap Ketiga ......................................................................... 89
Gambar 5.17Tampilan Tahap Keempat ..................................................................... 89
Gambar 5.18Tampilan Tahap Kelima ........................................................................ 89
Gambar 5.19Tampilan Halaman Laporan .................................................................. 90
Gambar 5.20Tampilan Ubah Password ..................................................................... 90
Gambar 5.21Tampilan About .................................................................................... 91
Gambar 5.22Tampilan Halaman Hak Akses User ..................................................... 92
Gambar 5.23 Tampilan Halaman Uji SPK ................................................................. 92
Gambar 5.24Tampilan Halaman Hasil Pengujian SPK ............................................. 93
Gambar 5.25Tampilan Tahap Pertama ...................................................................... 94
Gambar 5.26Tampilan Tahap Kedua ......................................................................... 94
Gambar 5.27Tampilan Tahap Ketiga ......................................................................... 95
Gambar 5.28Tampilan Tahap Keempat ..................................................................... 95
Gambar 5.29Tampilan Tahap Kelima ........................................................................ 95
Gambar 5.30Tampilan Ubah Password ..................................................................... 96
Gambar 5.31Tampilan About .................................................................................... 97