skin disease final

7/25/2019 Skin Disease Final

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SkinDisease


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What are the functions of

the skin?1. Physical barrier

2. Protection against infection, UV and chemicals

3. Prevention of excessive water loss4. UV induced synthesis of Vit

!. "em#erature regulation

$. %ensation &Pain, "ouch, "em#erature'(. )ntigen #resentation, *mmunological reactions,

+ound healing


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whats s-in disease

disease of the s-in is distinguished

from dermatitis, which is inflammation of

the s-in, but a s-in disease can result in

s-in inflammation. %-in inflammation due

to s-in infection is called infective

dermatitis.


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sym#toms of a s-in disorder include/

0 raised bum#s that are red or white0 a rash, which might be #ainful or itchy0 scaly or rough s-in0 #eeling s-in

0 ulcers0 o#en sores or lesions0 dry, crac-ed s-in0 discolored #atches of s-in0 fleshy bum#s, warts, or other s-in growths

0 changes in mole color or sie0 a loss of s-in #igment0 excessive flushing


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auses of s-in disorders

0 bacteria tra##ed in s-in #ores and hair follicles

0 fungus, #arasites, or microorganisms living onthe s-in

0 viruses0 a wea-ened immune system

0 contact with allergens, irritants, or another#ersons infected s-in

0 genetic factors

0 illnesses affecting the thyroid, immune system,-idneys, and other body systems


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InfectionsBacterial Infections:

ellulitisycobacterial infections 5 &"6, 7e#rosy'

Viral Infections

8er#es sim#lex virus8er#es 9oster

8uman Pa#illoma virus


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InfectionsFungal Infections:

ermato#hyte infection: "inea cor#oris

: "inea cruris

: "inea #edis

: "inea ca#itis

andida albicans


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Cellulitis0*nfection of the dee# subcutaneous layer.

0;ften affects the lower leg.0;ften unwell with a high tem#erature.

0Usually caused by %tre#tococcus.

0Usually there is an entry for infection. &+ound'0onfirmation of infection done by serology,

%tre#tococcal titres.


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CellulitisTreatment:Penicillin or


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Herpes simplex

virus2 %ubty#es8%V "y#e *

8%V "y#e 2

8%V "y#e 1 5 %#read by direct contact and dro#let.

8%V "y#e 2: mainly after #uberty and usually affectsthe genital area.

*nfections are transmitted sexually.

Treatment: ;ral aciclovir


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Herpes Zoster>eactivation of the Varicella oster virus.&hic-en#ox'

Painful and tender blistering eru#tion.aybe become #ustular and then crust over.

7asts for 2:4 wee-s.

Complications:

Post her#etic neuralgia &%evere, #ersistent #ain'

;cular disease


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Herpes ZosterTreatment:

)de=uate analgesia

;ral aciclovir

8igh dose *V aciclovir is needed forimmunosu##ressed #atients.

)ntibiotics &*f secondary infection #resent'


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Human Papilloma

virusViral wartsause overgrowth of differentiated s=uamouse#ithelium.

1. Common warts

;ften on hands and feet.

hildren and adolescent are usually affected.

%#read is by direct contact.2. Plantar Warts5 soles and feet

3. Filiform warts5 on the face

4. )nogenital warts :


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Human Papilloma

virusTreatment:ifficult to treat effectively.

6ut almost always resolve s#ontaneously. &onths toyears'

>egular use of to#ical -eratolytic agent. &


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Dermatophyte

infection

?ringworm ty#e of rash.

*dentified by icrosco#y and culture of s-in, hair or

nail sam#les.

%#read by direct contact.


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Dermatophyte

infectionTinea Corporis

>ingworm of the body

%lightly itchy

)symetrical

%caly>aised edges

x: %-in scra#ings@icrosco#y


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Dermatophyte

infectionTinea cruris>ingworm of the groin.

7esions a##ear as well:demarcated red #la=ues.Aew #ustules or vesicles may be seen.

Tinea Peis

ausing a diffuse scaly erythema of the soles.

Tinea capitus

>ingworm of scal#


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"inea ca#itis "inea cor#oris

"enea #edis


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Dermatophyte

infectionTreatment:

7ocalied 5 is treated with to#ical antifungal creams.

&lotrimaole, icanaole'

+ide s#read infections : ;ral antifungal

*n children for scal# ringworm : Briseofulvin


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Candida Alicans*s a yeast.)cts as an o##ortunist.

Alexural areas affected are red with few small#ustules.

ay also affect the moist interdigit clefts.

Treatment:

)##ly a to#ical antifungal.


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skin disease final

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