skeletal system
DESCRIPTION
Skeletal System for occupational therapy students.TRANSCRIPT
Anatomy and Physiology “2”
……….. For Students of Occupational Therapy
Lecturer: Mohammed Subhi El-Lulu
Functions of Skeletal System
Support Protection Movement
Storage Blood Cell Formation
Energy Storage
Anatomy & Physiology 2
Anatomy of Long bone
Anatomy & Physiology 2
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Medullary Cavity
Anatomy & Physiology 2
Structure of Long bone
1 Periosteum
2 Endosteum
3 Sharpey’s fiber
4 Arteries
The skull and associated bones
Cranial Bones Facial Bones Occipital Single Vomer Single
Frontal Single Lacrimal Paired
Parietal Paired Nasal Paired
Temporal Paired Inferior Nasal Conchae Paired
Sphenoid Single Zygomatic Paired
Ethmoid Single Maxillary Paired
Mandible Single
Platine Paired
Auditory Ossicles Malleus Incus Stapes
Paired Paired Paired
Anatomy & Physiology 2
Sutures
•Parietal
•Frontal
Coronal
•Parietal
•Parietal
Sagittal •Parietal
•Occipital
Lambdoid
•Parietal
•Temporal
Squamous •Ossify by
2 years
Fontanels
Anatomy & Physiology 2
Articulations (Joints)
Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses
• Fibrous
• No Movement
• Skull Sutures
• Cartilage
• Slight Movement
• Inter-Vertebral
• Synovial
• Multiple Movement
• Inter-Carpal/Tarsal
Anatomy & Physiology 2
Synovial Joint Movement Movement Definition
Flexion Narrowing joint angle in sagittal plane (bending elbow)
Extension Increasing joint angle in sagittal plane (straightening elbows)
Hyperextension Increasing angle more than in natural position (bending
backwards)
Abduction Lifting a body part away from body midline (in frontal plane)
Adduction Returning a body part to body midline (in frontal plane)
Rotation Turning a body part on axis (horizontal plane) (not rotation
all the way round - see circumduction).
Lateral flexion Bending body sideways (frontal plane)
Lateral extension Returning body to anatomical position
Anatomy & Physiology 2
Synovial Joint Movement
Movement Definition
Elevation Lifting a body part (shoulder shrugs)
Depression Lowering a body part (dropping the jaw)
Protraction Moving a body part outwards
Retraction Bringing a body part back
Horizontal Flexion (starts from abducted position) Moving arm forwards in horizontal plane
Horizontal Extension (starts from abducted position)
Returning arm to the abducted position
Dorsal Flexion Bending ankle so that the toes are raised
Plantar Flexion Hyperextending ankle joint so toes point downwards
Circumduction Range of movements that create a complete circle (as
opposed to a rotation of less than 360 degrees)
Anatomy & Physiology 2
