skeletal development in the african elephant and ossification timing in placental mammals by lionel...
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![Page 1: Skeletal development in the African elephant and ossification timing in placental mammals by Lionel Hautier, Fiona J. Stansfield, W. R. Twink Allen, and](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f175503460f94c2d592/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Skeletal development in the African elephant and ossification timing in placental mammals
by Lionel Hautier, Fiona J. Stansfield, W. R. Twink Allen, and Robert J. Asher
Proceedings BVolume 279(1736):2188-2195
June 7, 2012
©2012 by The Royal Society
![Page 2: Skeletal development in the African elephant and ossification timing in placental mammals by Lionel Hautier, Fiona J. Stansfield, W. R. Twink Allen, and](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f175503460f94c2d592/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Representative ontogenetic stages of elephants.
Lionel Hautier et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2012;279:2188-2195
©2012 by The Royal Society
![Page 3: Skeletal development in the African elephant and ossification timing in placental mammals by Lionel Hautier, Fiona J. Stansfield, W. R. Twink Allen, and](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f175503460f94c2d592/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Lateral view of three-dimensional reconstructions of cranial CT scans in (a) a 99 day-old specimen (age reconstructed from CRL as described in the text and Hildebrandt et al. [15]),
PMLER 1, CRL = 34.7 mm; (b) a 118 day-old specimen, PMLER 2, CRL = 59.3 mm;...
Lionel Hautier et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2012;279:2188-2195
©2012 by The Royal Society
![Page 4: Skeletal development in the African elephant and ossification timing in placental mammals by Lionel Hautier, Fiona J. Stansfield, W. R. Twink Allen, and](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f175503460f94c2d592/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Ossification sequence of (a) cranial and (b) post-cranial elements in elephants (unfilled squares) relative to the mean rank of placentals (solid triangles) with error bars of ±1 s.d.
Lionel Hautier et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2012;279:2188-2195
©2012 by The Royal Society
![Page 5: Skeletal development in the African elephant and ossification timing in placental mammals by Lionel Hautier, Fiona J. Stansfield, W. R. Twink Allen, and](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f175503460f94c2d592/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Box plots representing the cumulative percentage of bones present in the adult showing an ossification centre in the cranial and post-cranial skeleton of the elephant, human, cow, sheep,
hamster, mouse, rat, and gerbil relative to gestation length.
Lionel Hautier et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2012;279:2188-2195
©2012 by The Royal Society