sixty-third critical bibliography of the history and philosophy of science and of the history of...

Sixty-third Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of theHistory of Civilization (to October 1942)Author(s): George Sarton and Frances SiegelSource: Isis, Vol. 34, No. 3 (Winter, 1943), pp. 238-286Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/225866 .

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SIXTY-THIRD CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE

HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND OF THE HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION

(TO OCTOBER 1942)

THE latest Critical Bibliography to appear was the sixty-second which was published in Isis (34, 42- 94, 1942), but two bibliographies, nos. 58 and 59, are thus far unavailable to the majority of our readers because of the German invasion of Bel- gium. The bibliography no. 58 has actually been published in Isis (vol. 31, 491-608, April 1940), but only eight copies of the issue containing it (no. 84 of Isis completing vol. 31) have reached America in 1941.

This sixty-third bibliography contains about 800 items. They have been kindly contributed by the eleven following scholars belonging to four different countries:

C. W. ADAMS (Hertford, England) I. B. COHEN (Cambridge, Mass.) T. L. DAVIS (Norwell, Mass.) S. GANDZ (New York, N. Y.) A. C. KLEBS (Nyon, Switzerland) C. A. KOFOID (Berkeley, Calif.) M. F. A. MONTAGU (Narberth, Pa.) J. PELSENEER (Brussels) A. POGO (Cambridge, Mass.) G. SARTON (Cambridge, Mass.) C. ZIRKLE (Philadelphia, Pa.)

The notes of this bibliography are based on an autopsy of the original books or articles, except in a few cases when various secondary notes relative to the same item confirm one another completely.

The sections dealing with the eighteenth century are especially full, as I have liquidated as much as I could of my stock of notes concerning them. I have in my drawers a large number of notes which will be published as soon as it has been possible to check them upon the originals or otherwise.

The historical classification (Part II) contains a new section, (IV), "The New World and Africa," divided into three subsections: (a) America, (b) Oceania, (c) Africa. (These subsections have not been numbered, in order not to disturb the num- bering of sections of Part III.)

I entreat the authors of relevant books and papers to send me copies of them as promptly as possible in order that their studies may be regis- tered in this bibliography and eventually reviewed and discussed. By so doing they will not simply help me and every other historian of science, but they will help themselves in the best manner, for they will obtain for their work the most valuable

publicity and its certain incorporation into the literature of the subject.

Most of the notes were selected by me. They were typed by Miss FRANCES SIEGEL, and the typing and proofs read by Dr. A. POGO.

GEORGE SARTON Harvard Library, 185 Cambridge, Mass.

November 19, 1942

PA:RT I

FUNDAMENTAL CLASSIFICATION

(CENTURIAL)

IXTH CENTURY B.C.

Hardie, Colin; Casson, Stanley. Homer and the Odyssey. Antiquity, 16, 265-77, 1942.

VITH CENTURY B.C.

Bodde, Derk. The new identification of LAO TzUt proposed by Professor DUBS, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 62, 8-13, 1942.

Dubs, Homer H. The date and circumstances of the philosopher LAo-Dz. Journal of the Ameri- can Oriental Society, 61, 215-21, 1941.

According to DUBs, LAO TzU' fl. 300 B.C.

Kennedy, George A. Interpretation of the Ch'un-ch'iu. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 62, 40-48, 1942.

Pease, Arthur Stanley. Fossil fishes again. Isis, 33, 689-90, 1942.

Apropos of XENOPHANES.

VTH CENTURY B.C.

Johnston, E. H. CTESIAS on Indian manna, Jour- nal of the Royal Asiatic Society, p. 29-35, 1942.

Nachmanson, Ernst. Remarques syntaxiques sur les ecrits hippocratiques. Dragma Martino P. Nilsson dedicatum, p. 309-33, Lund 1939.

Nittis, Savas. Hippocratic ethics and present day trends in medicine. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 336-42, 1942.

238



Vth B.C. to Ist B.C. (2) 239

Powell, John Enoch. The history of HERODOTUS. viii+96 p. (Cambridge Classical Studies, IV). Cambridge University Press, 1939.

Reviewed by WV. A. HEIDEL, American journal of Pkli- lology, 62, 509-11, 1941.

Rosenthal, Franz. Arabische Nachrichten fiber ZENON den Eleaten. Orientalia, 6, 21-67, 1937.

IVTH CENTURY B.C. (whole and first half)

Cornford, Francis Macdonald. PLATO'S COS- mology. The Timaeus of PLATO translated with a running commentary. xviii+376 p., frontispiece. London, Kegan Paul, 1937.

Elaborate commentary on Timacus, the fantastic cos- mology which PLATO wrote within the last quarter of his life c. 36747, a work which exerted a very pernicious influence on mediaeval thought. CORNFORD'8 commentary is largely directed against that of A. E. TAYLOR (Oxford 1928). G.S.

Erhardt, Rudolf von; Erhardt-Siebold, Erika von. The helix in Plato's astronomy. Isis, 34, 108-10, 1 fig., 1942.

Przyluski, Jean. Le theatre d'ombres et la ca- verne de Platon. Byzantion, 13, 595-603, 1938.

IVTH CENTURY B. C. (second half)

Croissant, Jeanne. ARISTOTE et les mysteres. ix+218 p. (Bibliotheque de la Facult6 de Phi- losophie et Lettres de l'Universitt de Lie'ge, fascicule 51). Paris, Droz, 1932.

This is an admirable contribution to the study of the theory of knowledge and religious psychology in ARIsTOriL, with valuable glimpses on ARISTOTLE'S development from Platonic idealism to his own naturalism. It is based on an Aristotelian fragment in the Dion of SYNESIOS (V-1) and on PSELLOS' (XI-2) discussion of a text of JOANNES CLIMAX (525-c. 600), and these views are compared with the theory of catharsis in the Politics VIII, and with a passage in the De Iside of PLUTARCH (I-2). Both PLATO and ARISTOTLE compared intuitive knowledge with the initiation into the mysteries, but ARISTOrLE retained of that conception only as much as was necessary for his epistemo- logical and psychological purposes, and evaded mysticism. He appreciated the value of enthusiasm and of mystical and healing cults, but tried to build a rational and trans- missible system of thought. ARISTOTLE fully realized the existence of two kinds of knowledge (intuitive and dis- cursive) and of two modes of psychic life (intellectual and emotive), but emotive life, important as it is, should be regulated by moderation (AerpLoi&M6eLa) instead of being exacerbated by Corybantic mysteries. An anecdote told by one of ARISTrTLE's pupils, CLEARCHOS, in his lost treatise irepZ 5iriou shows that ARISTOTLE having attended a s6ance of hypnotism was convinced that the soul could be sepa- rated from the body (p. 22). This book is short but full of meat. G.S.

Fritz, Kurt von. The historian THEOPOMPOS. His political convictions and his conception of his- toriography. American Historical Review, 46, 765-87, 1941.

McDiarmid, John Brodie. THEOPHRASTUS on the eternity of the world. Transactions and Pro- ceedings of the American Philological Asso- ciation, 71, 23947, 1940.

Wiken, Erik. Die Ansichten der Hellenen iuber den Nordrand der Oikoumene vor PYTHEAS. Rhipaien und Hyperboreer. Dragma Martino P. Nilsson dedicatum, 540-52, 3 fig., Lund 1939.

IIIRD CENTURY B.C. (whole and first half)

Manetho. With an English translation by W. G. WADDELL. xxxii+256 p. (Loeb Classical Li- brary), Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1940.

Reviewed by GEORGE SARTON, Isis, 33, 718-19, 1942.

IIIRD CENTURY B.C. (second half)

Erhardt, Rudolf von; Erhardt-Siebold, Erika von. ARCHIMEDES' Sand-Reckoner. ARISTAR- CHos and COPERNICUS. Isis, 33, 578-602, 1942.

Neugebauer, Otto. ARCHEMEDES and ARISTAR- CHUS. Isis, 34, 4-6, 1942.

IIND CENTURY B.C. (whole and first half)

Cicero. De oratore, Books I & II. Translated by E. W. SUTTON and H. RACKHAM. xiii+480 p. CICERO, De oratore, Book III, De Fato, Para- doxa Stoicorum, and Partitiones Oratoriae. Translated by H. RACKHAM, vi+434 p. (Loeb Classical Library, 1 and 2). Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press (each volume $2.50).

Edelstein, Ludwig. Primum Graius homo (Lu- CRETIUS 1.66). Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, 71, 78-90, 1940.

Friedlander, Paul. Pattern of sound and atom- istic theory in LUCRETIUS. American Journal of Philology, 62, 16-34, 1941.

IST CENTURY B.C. (second half)

Boethius, Axel. VITRUvius and the Roman architecture of his age. Dragma Martino P. Nilsson dedicatum, p. 114-43, 2 fig., Lund 1939.

Jeanmaire, Henri. La Sibylle et le retour de I'age d'or. xi+ 146 p. Paris, Leroux, 1939.

Reviewed by DAVID M. ROBINSON, American lournal of Philology, 62, 367-70, 1941.

Montgomery, Douglass W. Wine, the revealer. The effects of wine on different people as demonstrated by HORACE in the eighth Satire of the second book. Annals of Medical History, 4, 181-88, 1 fig., 1942.



240 Ist (1) to Vith (1)

[Varro]. M. Terenti Varronis, De vita populi Romani. Edited by BENEDETTO RIPosATI. x+ 320 p. (Pubblicazioni dell' Universita Cattolica del S. Cuore, ser. IV, vol. 33). Milan, "Vita e Pensiero," 1939.

Reviewed by ARTHUR STANLEY PEASE, American lournal of Philology, 62, 514, 1941.

IST CENTURY (whole and first half)

Meinecke, Bruno. AULUS CORNELIUS CELSUS- plagiarist or artifex medicinae? Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 10, 288-98, 1941.

Wolfson, Harry Austryn. PHILO on free will, and the historical influence of his view. Harvard Theological Review, 35, 131-69, 1942.

IST CENTURY (second half)

[Dioscorides]. Dioscoride latino. Materia medica, libro primo, a cura di H. MIHAESCU. viii+72 p. Iasi, Terek, 1938.

Reviewed by HENRY E. SIGERIST, American Journal of Philology, 62, 124, 1941.

Napjus, J. W. De "Codex Constantinopolitanus" van DIOSCURIDES. Bijdragen tot de Geschiedenis der Geneeskunde, 21, 124-31, 3 pl., 1941.

Neugebauer, Otto. On two astronomical passages in PLUTARCH'S De animae procreatione in Timaeo. American Journal of Philology, 63, 455-59, 1942.

Pliny. Natural history, books III-VII. Translated by H. RACKHAM. ix+664 p. (Loeb Classical Library, 2). Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1942.

Volumes I and III of the English translation of PLINY in the Loeb Classical Library have already been noticed in this journal (Isis, 31, 433); the volume now issued is the second of a series which will be completed in ten volumes; there are, therefore, seven more volumes to come; let us hope that these will soon be available. Mr. RACK- HAM'S translation is admirable, though he says that it is designed rather to assist the student of the Latin text than to supply the English reader with a substitute for the Latin. There is an index of people and a geographical index. Books III-VI deal with the geography, physical, political and historical, of the ancient world. The subject of Book VII is the human race-its biology, physiology and psychology. M.F.A.M.

Thorndike, Lynn. PLINY and Liber de presagiis tempestatum. Isis, 34, 28, 1942.

IIND CENTURY (whole and first half)

Ptolemy. Tetrabiblos. Edited and translated into English by F. E. ROBBINS. xxiv+466 p. (Loeb Classical Library). Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1940.

Reviewred by GEORGE SARTON, Isis, 33, 718-19, 1942.

IIND CENTURY (second half)

Clemen, Carl. LUKIANS Schrift uiber die syrische Gottin, iibersetzt und erlautert. 57 p. (Der Alte Orient, 37). Leipzig, Hinrichs, 1938.

Reviewed by FR. ZUCKER,' Orientalia, 8, 382-85, 1939.

Furlani, Giuseppe. Sur le stoicisme de BARDESANE D'EDESSE. Archiv Orientalni, 9, 347-52, 1937.

Sbordone, F. Physiologus. cxix+332 p. Milan, Societas Dante Alighieri, 1936.

Reviewed by F. CARMODY, Byzantion, 14, 681-84, 1939.

IIIRD CENTURY (whole and first half)

Fink, Robert O.; Hoey, Allan S.; Snyder, Walter F. (editors). The feriale Duranum. 317 p., 5 fig., 2 pl. (Yale Classical Studies, 7). New Haven, Yale University Press, 1940.

Reviewed by KENNETH Scorr, American Historical Re- view, 47, 182, 1941.

Stein, 0. Das indische Pferdeopfer bei PHILO- STRATOS. Archiv Orientalni, 8, 357-62, 1936.

IVTH CENTURY (whole and first half)

Bodde, Derk. Some Chinese tales of the super- natural. KAN PAO and his Sou-shen chi. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 6, 338-57, 1942.

Gregoire, Henri. EUSEBE n'est pas l'auteur de la "Vita Constantini" dans sa forme actuelle et CONSTANTIN ne s'est pas "converti" en 312. Byzantion, 13, 561-83, 1938.

Gregoire, Henri. La vision de CONSTANTIN "li- quidee." Byzantion, 14, 341-51, 1939.

Zeiller, J. Quelques remarques sur la "vision" de CONSTANTIN, Byzantion, 14, 329-39, 1939.

IVTH CENTURY (second half)

Jouai, L. A. A. De magistraat AusoNlIus. 282 p. Nijmegen, Berkhout, 1938.

Reviewed by E. T. SALMON, American lournal of Phil- ology, 62. 24849, 1941.

Lovejoy, Arthur 0. The Communism of SAINT AMBROSE. Journal of the History of Ideas, 3, 458-68, 1942.

VITH CENTURY (whole and first half)

Corte, Marcel de. Le commentaire de JEAN PHI- LOPON sur le troisieme livre du "Traite de I'ame" d'ARISTOTE. xxii+86 p. (Bibliotheque de la Faculte de Philosophie et Lettres de l'Universite de Liege, fascicule 65). Paris, Droz, 1934.

Edition of Latin text different from the Greek text edited by MICHEL HAYDUCK in the Berlin Commentaria



VIth (2) to XIth (1) 241

(vol. XV). M. DE CORTE claims that the Berlin text is a pseudo-Philoponos, and that the Latin text edited by him represents the genuine Greek original. G.S.

Galdi, Marco. Saggi Boeziani. 301 p. Pisa, Giar- dini, 1938.

Reviewed by EDMUND T. SILK, Ametrican lournal of Phtilology, 62, 112-14, 1941.

VITH CENTURY (second half) Downey, Glanville. Procopius on Antioch: a

study of method in the "de aediflciis." Byzan- tion, 14, 361-78, 1939.

Honeyman, Alexander Mackie. The mission of Burzoe in the Arabic Kalilah and Dimnah. iii+41 p. Chicago, University of Chicago Li- braries, 1936.

Ph.D. thesis in photographed typescript. G.S.

Honigmann, Ernst. L'histoire ecclesiastique de JEAN D'EPHESE. Byzantion, 14, 615-25, 1939.

Spinka, Matthew; Downey, Glanville. Chron- icle of JOHN MALALAS, Books VIII-XVIII, translated from the Church Slavonic. xi+ 150 p. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1940.

Reviewed by ROBERT P. BLAKE, Speculum, 16, 353-55, 1941.

VIITH CENTURY (whole and first half) Bell, Richard. The Qur'an. Translated with a

critical re-arrangement of the Surahs. Vol. II, Surahs, xxv-cxlvi. vii+ p. 346-697. Edinburgh, Clark, 1939.

Reviewed by ARTHUR JEFFERY, lournal of tht Royal Asiatic Society, 81-82, 1941.

Hilgenberg, Luise; Kirfel, Willibald. Vag- bhata's Astiigahrdayasamhita. Ein altindisches Lehrbuck der Heilkunde. Aus dem Sanskrit ins Deutsche iibertragen, mit Einleitung, Anmer- kungen und Indices. lii+ix+855 p. Leiden, Brill, 1941.


Joannides, Dimitri C. La gynecologie et obstetrique de PAUL D'EGINE et son influence sur la medecine arabe. 56 p., 8 pls. Cairo, 1940.

Reviewed by J.M.V., AI-Andalus, 7, 234-35, 1942.

VIITH CENTURY (second half)

Nyberg, H. S. Bemerkungen zum "Buch der G6t- zenbilder" von IBN AL-KALBI. Dragma Martino P. Nilsson dedicatum, p. 346-66, Lund, 1939.

Apropos of a book by HisHAm IBN MUIAMMAD IBN AL-KALB! (Intr., I, 541).

Schroll, Sister Mary Alfred. Benedictine mo- nasticism as reflected in the Warnefrid-Hilde- mar commentaries on the rule. 215 P. (Studies in History, Economics and Public Law, no. 478). New York, Columbia University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by ALFRED HI. SWEET, Sptculum, 17, 145-46, 1942.

IXTH CENTURY (whole and first half) Blake, Robert P. Note sur I'activite litteraire de

NIc'EPHORE Ier, patriarche de Constantinople (805-16). Byzantion, 14, 1-15, 1939.

Carmody, Francis J. Theorica planetarum GERARDI. Edited from 14 copies. 51 p. Berkeley, Calif., 1942.

Critical edition based on 14 copies of the Latin translation of AL-FARCHANi'S treatise by GERARD OF CREMONA, with an introduction. Printed by the Editor, professor in the University of California, Berkeley. G.S.

Hinks, Roger Packman. Carolingian art. x+224 p., 24 pls. London, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1935.

IXTH CENTURY (second half)

Lewis, Bernard. An Arabic account of a Byzan- tine palace revolution. Byzantion, 14, 384-86, 1939.

Rand, Edward Kennard. How much of the Afn- notationes in Marcianum is the work of JOHN THE SCOT? Transactions of the American Philo- logical Association, 71, 501-23, 1940.

Temkin, Owsei. A medieval translation of RHAZES' clinical observations. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 102-17, 1942.

XTH CENTURY (second half) Adontz, N. Notes sur le livre des c6r6monies.

Byzantion, 14, 387406, 1939. Moravesik, Gy. L'edition critique du "de admini-

strando imperio." Byzantion, 14, 353-60, 1939.

XITH CENTURY (whole and first half)

Emrich, Duncan B. Macdonald. The Avicenna legend. Moslem World, 32, 298-323, 1942.

Graf, Georg. Die Widerlegung der Astrologen von 'ABDALLAH IBN AL-FADL. Orientalia, 6, 337- 46, 1937.

Text and translation.

Husselman, Elinor. Kalilah and Dimnah. A fragment of Kalilah and Dimnah, from MS. 397 in the Pierpont Morgan Library. 35 p., 6 pl. (Studies and Documents edited by KIRSOPP and



242 XIth (1) to XIIth (2)

SILVA LAKE, no. 10). London, Christophers, 1939. This Pierpont Morgan MS. is identical with the lost

MS. 33 of the Basilian monastery of Grottaferrata. The text is an adaptation rather than a translation of the Arabic one; it is different from that of SYMEON SErH (XI-2).

G.S.

Meyerhof, M.; Joannides, D. La gyn6cologie et l'obstetrique chez AVICENNE (IBN SINA) et leurs rapports avec celles des Grecs. 80 p., 6 pls. Cairo, 1940.

Reviewed by J.M.V., Al-Andalus, 7, 234-35, 1942.

Seco de Lucena Paredes, Luis. Sobre el "Naqt al-'arius" de IBN HAZM de Cordoba. Al-Andalus, 6, 357-75, 1941.

Stegemann, Viktor. Astrologische Zarathus- tra-Fragmente bei dem arabischen Astrologen ABO-'L-HASAN 'AL! IBN ABI 'R-RIJAL. Orientalia, 6, 317-36, 1937.

Togan, A. Zeki Validi. BTReNI'S picture of the world. ix+142+8 p. (in Arabic). (Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India, no. 53). New Delhi, no date (1941); received March 1942.

Reviewed by GEORGE SARTON, Isis, 34, 31-32, 2 fig., 1942.

XITH CENTURY (second half)

Gabrieli, Francesco. Studi sul Siyaset-nameh. 1. Note al testo e alla traduzione Schefer. Orieni- talia, 7, 80-94, 1938.

Apropos of the Siyasat-nima of Nr4AM AL-MULK (XI-2).

Gregoire, Henri; de Keyser, Raoul. La chanson de Roland et Byzance ou de l'utilite du Grec pour les Romanistes. Byzantion, 14, 265-316, 1 pl. 1939.

Kracke, E. A., Jr. A Sung encyclopedia and a case of mistaken identity. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 7, 162-65, 1942.

"All of these facts. taken together are sufficient to justify the assumption, pending further evidence, that the Chihkuan f1n-chi is indeed a work of 1092. We may therefore place with more accuracy such undated information as it contains. Its testimonial on the institutions of the early Sung takes on the added authority of a contemporary observer. And we may add another SUN FENG-CHI to the list of Sung writers."

Lacombe, Olivier. La doctrine morale et m6ta- physique de Ramanuja. Traduction (accom- pagnee du texte sanskrit) et notes. ix+255+ 138 p. Paris, Maisonneuve, 1938.

Reviewed by G. COEDES. Bulletin de l'Ecole Franfaise d'Extrlme Orient, 40, 451, 1940.

Wehr, Hans. Al-Ghazz&li's Buch vom G6tter- trauen, das 35. Buch des Ilya' 'uluim ad-din. (Islamische Ethik, H. 4). Halle, 1940. Translation and commentary, reviewed by M. AsiN,

Al-Andalus, 6, 486-87, 1941.

XIITH CENTURY (whole and first half)

Asin Palacios, Miguel. Tratado de Avempace sobre la union del intelecto con el hombre. Al-Andalus, 7, 1-47, 1942.

Bernard of Clairvaux. The steps of humility. Translated with introduction and notes, as a study of his epistemology by GEORGE BOSWORTH BURCH. xi+287 p. Cambridge, Harvard Univer- sity Press, 1940.

Reviewed by AuSrIN P. EVANS, American Historical Review, 47, 830-31, 1942.

Hamann, Richard. Das Tier in der romanischen Plastik Frankreichs. Medieval Studies in Mem- ory of A. KINGSLEY PORTER, vol. 2, 413-52, 45 figs. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1939.

McGinty, M. E. (trans.). FULCHER OF CHARTRES: Chronicle of the First Crusade. (Fulcheri Carno- tensis Historia Hierosolymitana). (Translations and reprints from the original sources of history, third series, 1). Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1941.

Reviewed by FLOYD SEYWARD LEAR, Speculum, 17, 426- 28, 1942.

Minorsky, V. Sharaf al-zaman Tahir Marvazi on China, the Turks and India. Arabic text (circa A.D. 1120), with an English translation and commentary. 170 p. (English) +53 p. (Arabic). (James G. Forlong Fund, 22). Lon- don, Royal Asiatic Society, 1942.

Partial edition of the Taba'i' al-hayawdn, an almost complete copy of it was discovered in the India Office Library by A. J. ARBERRY in 1937. The author is one SHARAF AL-ZAMAN TAIIR of Marv. The work is divided into two parts. Part I is subdivided into (a) I-VI, literary generalities, (b) VII-XV, geography and anthropology, (c) XVI-XXI, anatomy and general anthropology. Part II. Zoology. Notices of animals from the elephant down to the flea. This part is almost thrice longer than the first yet it is incomplete. The present edition is restricted to five chapters of I(b), Chinese, Turks, Indians, Abyssinians, outlying countries and islands. The text is printed in the editor's own calligraphy, translated, fully annotated and indexed. G.S.

Wolfson, Harry Austryn. HALLEVI and MAI- MONIDES on prophecy. Jewish Ouarterly Review, 32, 345-70; 33, 49-82, 1942.-

XIITH CENTURY (second half) De Roover, Florence Edler. Partnership ac-

counts in twelfth century Genoa. Bulletin of the Business Historical Society, 15, 87-92, Boston, 1941.

Fung Yu-lan. The philosophy of CHU Hsi. Trans- lated with introduction and notes by DERK BODDE. Harvard Jourital of Asiatic Studies, 7, 1-51, 1942.



XIIth (2) to XIIIth (2) 243

Jimenez, Felix Hernaindez. Estudios de geografia historica espaniola. V. Sobre el toponimo "Zafra." 4l-Andalus, 7, 113-25, 1942.

Muntner, Suessman. MOSHE BEN MAIMON (MAI- MONIDES). Poisons and their antidotes or "The treatise to the honoured one." Hebrew translation by R. MOSHE IBN TIBBON, according to the Paris manuscript Bibl. Nation. Hebr. no. 1173. Edited for the first time with an introduction and a comprehensive commentary and many illustrations. xx+236 p. Jerusalem, Rubin Mass, 1942.

The first volume of Dr. MUNTNER's edition of the mediaeval Hebrew translation of MAIMONIDES's medical works contained the Book on asthma (1940; Isis, 33, 92). This second volume mailed from Jerusalem on August 23 and received in Cambridge, Mass., on December 10, contains a far more important work, the treatise on poisons and antidotes as translated by MOSES IBN TIBBON (XIII-2). That treatise was already known through the French translation of I. M. RABBINOWICZ (1865, reprinted 1935) and the partial German one of M. STEINSCHNEIDER (1873), but the Arabic and Hebrew texts were hitherto unpublished. The Arabic text is being edited by MAX MEYERHOF (Isis, 33, 527-29); in the meanwhile, we are very glad to have the Hebrew text. The edition has been prepared with the utmost care on the basis of the Paris MS. (B. N. Heb. 1173), and is now published with a number of excellent illustrations, elaborate glossaries (Hebrew, Latin, etc.) and an English itnroduction. The excellent publication of a book of such importance in the midst of war is a credit not only to the author but also to the printers and to the Jerusalem community. G.S.

XIIITH CENTURY (whole and first half) Grabmann, Martin. I divieti ecclesiastici di ARIS-

TOTELE sotto INNOCENZO III e GREGORIO IX, en Miscellanea historiae pontificiae edita a Facul- tate Historiae ecclesiasticae in Pontificia Uni- versitate Gregoriana, vol. 5, collectionis n. 7.

Reviewed by MANUEL ALONSO, AlAndalus, 7, 225-26, 1942.

Lynch, Lawrence E. The doctrine of divine ideas and illumination in ROBERT GROSSETESTE, Bishop of Lincoln. Mediaeval Studies, 3, 161- 73, 1941.

Massignon, L. Ibn Sab'in et la critique psycho- logique dans l'histoire de la philosophie musul- mane. Memorial Henri Basset, vol. 2, p. 123-30, Paris, 1928.

Moorman, John R. H. The sources for the life of S. FRANCIS OF Assisi. With a foreword by A. G. LITTLE. xvi+176 p. (Publications of the University of Manchester). Manchester Uni- versity Press, 1940.

Reviewed by A. H. SWEET, American Historical Review, 47, 575, 1942.

Penluela, J. M. (S.J.). "Die Goldene" des IBN AL-MUNA?IF. Ein Beitrag zur medizinisch-ara-

bischen Lexikographie und zur Geschichte der spanisch-arabischen Literatur im Zeitalter der Almohaden. xx+184 p. (Scripta Pontificii In- stituti Biblici). Vatican 1941.

Reviewed by E.G.G., Al-Andalus, 6, 50142, 1941.

Petry, Ray C. FRANCIS OF Assisi, apostle of pov- erty. ix+199 p. (Duke University Publica- tions). Durham, Duke University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by VIDA D. SCUDDER, American Historical Re- view, 47, 833-34, 1942.

Rahder, J. Miscellany of personal views of an ignorant fool. [Guk(w)ansh6]. Acta Orientalia, 15, 173-230, 1936; 16, 59-77, 1937.

Translation of the Gukwansh6 written c. 1220 by Fuji- WARA JIEN (JICHIN), Buddhist abbot. G.S.

XIIITH CENTURY (second half) Aiken, Pauline. VINCENT OF BEAUVAIS and

CHAUCER'S Monk's tale. Speculum, 17, 56-68, 1942.

Bakos, Jan. Die Einleitung zur Psychologie des BARHEBRAEUS im achten Fundamente seines Buches der "Leuchte des Heiligtums." Archiv Orientdlni, 10, 121-27, 1938.

Cossio, Jose Maria de. Cautivos de moros en el siglo XIII. Al-Andalus, 7, 49-112, 1942.

Descoqs, Pedro (S.J.) Thomisme et scolastique. A propos de M. ROUGIER (Archives de philosophie, v. 5, cahier 1, 176 p., Paris, Beauchesne, 1927). Deuxieme ed. refondue, ibidem, 1935.

Violent criticism of Louis ROUGIER's La scolastique et le thomisme (Paris 1925; Isis, 8, 219-21). See also criticism by the Dominican P. THE'RY (126 p., Paris, Revue des Jeunes, 1927) accusing ROUGIER of plagiarism. EMILE A. VAN MOE (Le Moyen Age, 38, 85-87, 1928). G.S.

Dietrich Gunter. Beitrage zur arabisch-spani- schen tYbersetzungskunst im 13. Jahrhundert. Syntaktisches zu Kalila wa Dimna. 149 p. Berlin Diss., 1937.

Hermannsson, Halldor. Illuminated manuscripts of the 'Jonsbok.' v+26 p., 30 pl. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1940.

Reviewed by STEFAN EINARSSON, Speculum, 17, 136, 1942.

Janssens, Herman F. L'entretien de la sagesse. Introduction aux oeuvres philosophique de BAR HEBRAEUS. 375 p. (Bibliotheque de la Faculte de Philosophie et Lettres de l'Universite de Li6ge, 75). Li6ge, 1937.

Reviewed by W. KUTSCH, Orientalia, 8, 291-92, 1939.

Maritain, Jacques. L'humanisme de SAINT THOMAS D'AQUIN. Mediaeval Studies, 3, 174-84, 1941.



244 XIIIth (2) to XVth (1)

Minovi, M.; Minorsky, V. Nasir al-din Tilsi on finance. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and Affrican Studies, University of London, 10, 755- 89, 1940.

Arabic text and translation.

Rand, Edward Kennard. The metamorphosis of Ovid in Le roman de la rose. Studies in the His- tory of Culture, 103-21, February, 1942.

Steiger, Arnald. Das Schachzabelbuch Koenig Alfons des Weisen editado por . . ., apud Ro- manica Helvetica, vol. 10. Geneva 1941.

Reviewed by CsAR E. DUBLER, Al-Andalus, 7, 23940, 1942.

Thorndike, Lynn. DUHEM'S "Disciple of Bacon" identified with JOHN PECKHAM. Isis, 34, 28, 1942.

XIVTH CENTURY (whole and first half)

Bayley, C. C. PETRARCH, CHARLES IV, and the 'Renovatio Imperii.' Speculum, 17, 32341, 1942.

Davis, Tenney L.; Ch'en Kuo-fu. Shang-yang Tzui, Taoist writer and commentator on al- chemy. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 7, 126-29, 4 figs., 1942.

Laurent, Henri. Draps de Burgos, de Bruges ou de Bourges a Florence au XIVe siecle? Me- langes offerts a M. Nicolas Iorga, p. 507-12, Paris, Gamber, 1933.

Muller-Thym, Bernard Joseph. On the Uni- versity of Being in Meister Eckhart of Hoch- heim. Preface by ETIENNE GILSON. XX+ 140 p. (St. Michael's mediaeval studies, monograph series). New York, Sheed and Ward, 1939.

Reviewed by PAUL VIGNAUX, Speculum, 17, 435-36,1942.

Sikes, Jeffrey Garrett (editor). GUILLELMI DE OCKHAM Opera politica. Associate editors, B. L. MANNING, R. F. BENNETT, H. S. OFFLER, R. H. SNAPE. Volume I. viii+374 p. (Publications of the University of Manchester, 273). Man- chester University Press, 1940.

Reviewed by C. H. MCILWAIN, American Historical Re- view, 48, 82-83, 1942.

Thorndike, Lynn. Translations of works of GALEN from the Greek by PETER OF ABANO. Isis, 33, 649-53, 1942.

Weinberg, Julius R. The fifth letter of NICHOLAS OF AUTRECOURT to BERNARD OF AREZZO. Journal of the History of Ideas, 3, 220-27, 1942.

XIVTH CENTURY (secotnd half)

Goodrich, L. Carrington. Sino-Korean relations at the end of the XIVth century. Transactions

of the Korea Branch of the Royal Asiatic So- ciety, 30, 3346, Seoul, 1940.

Marrocco, W. Thomas. Fourteenth-century Italian cacce. xx+84 p., 5 pl. (Studies and documents, no. 4). Cambridge, Mass., Mediaeval Academy, 1942.

Critical annotated edition of the twenty known cacce dating probably from c. 1360 to 1380. The composers were JACOPO DA BOLOGNA, Magister PIERO, FRANCESCO LANDINI, GIOVANNI, GHIRARDELLO, LORENZO (these three of Florence), VINCENZO DA RIMINI, NICCOL6 DA PERUGIA, ZACCARIA.

G.S.

Menut, Albert D.; Denomy, Alexander J. Maistre Nicole Oresme. Le livre du ciel et du monde. Text and commentary. Mediaeval Studies, 3, 185-280, 27 figs., 1941.

"With this issue, Mediaeval Studies publishes the first of the four Books of the hitherto unpublished Du Ciel et du monde, earliest vernacular translation of ARISTarLE'S De Coelo et mundo. Books II, III and IV will appear in subsequent issues and the critical introduction will complete the edition. This French translation was made in 13 77 by NICOLE ORESME at the request of CHARLES V of France and was the last of four Aristotelian treatises translated and commented on by the foremost French savant of the Fourteenth Century. Le Livrc de Ethiques (1370) and Les Politiques et Yconomiques (1374) were published by VERARD at Paris in 1488-89; a critical edition of the former appeared in 1940. ORESME'S Latin original was the third mediaeval Latin version of Dc Coelo et mundo, translated from the Greek about 1270 by WILLIAM OF MOERBECKE. Occasionally he refers to MICHAEL SCOr's version from the Arabic (ca. 1230) as l'autre translacion; in his commentary, he used freely Scor's translation of AVERROIs' Great Com- mentary, largely to confute it. There is no evidence that ORESME employed the early Latin version by GERARD OF CREMONA (ca. 1170). Short passages of the French commentary have been published by DUHEM and BORCITERT in the course of research upon ORESME'S contribution to scientific thought. The present edition will make the complete commentary available for the first time in conjunction with the text upon which it is based."

NykI, A. R. Arabic phrases in El Conde Lucanor. Hispanic Review, 10, 12-17, 1942.

NykI, A. R. Dice in an old Czech passion play. Slavonic and East European Review, 20, 200-05, 1941.

Thorndike, Lynn. Other astronomical tables beginning in the year 1361. Isis, 34, 6-7, 1942.

XVTH CENTURY (whole and first half)

Connolly, James L. John Gerson, reformer and mystic. xviii+408 p., 3 ills. (Universite de Louvain, Recueil de travaux publies par les membres des Conferences d'Histoire et de Phi- lologie, 2me serie, 12me fascicule). Louvain, Librairie Universitaire, 1928.

It is not too late to recommend an excellent study of one of the spiritual leaders of France in critical days. The author gives us a full biography of JEAN GERSON (1363- 1429) who, having a true vocation for learning, teaching,



XVth (1) to XVth (2) 245

and quiet meditation, became chancellor of the University of Paris at the age of 30 and was thus obliged to devote the best part of his life to administrative duties and political difficulties. He took a major part in the efforts made by the University to heal the schism, hoping for a long time that this could be done by the popes' abdications and by compromise. By 1409, however, he realized that the only solution was by means of a council, and he was very active with PIERRE D'AILLY in the Council of Con- stance. He resisted the excesses of nominalism, and it was largely thanks to him that the realists controlled the teaching of philosophy in Paris from 1405 to 1437, in spite of the great intellectual prestige of the Occamists. He did much to introduce practical mysticism in the schools, his role in that respect being similar to that of the Dutch founders of the devotio moderna. It is not surprising that the Imitation was for a long time ascribed to him (the bulk of the incunabula were assigned to him); it is now generally agreed that the real author was the Dutchman, THOMAS A KEMPIS. After the Council was ended (1418), he retired and wrote many tracts in answer to the requests for advice that streamed to him from the Benedictines, Franciscans, Carthusians, and Celestines. His last efforts were made in defense of JOAN OF ARc (after May 1429); he died in Lyon, 14 July, 1429. CONNOLLY'S book is very well documented and written clearly with laudable moderation and charity. It is an important contribution to the study of religious life in France during the great schism. GERSON was essentially orthodox and thus would have denounced LUTHER as firmly as he denounced WYCLIFFE and Hus. Yet LuTHER admired him and referred to him as his great comforter. Meditating on their different careers, one cannot help realizing once more that the lives of men are determined by their temperaments even more than by their doctrines. G.S.

Kibre, Pearl. CRISTOFORO BARZIZZA, professor of medicine at Padua. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 389-98, 1942.

McMurtrie, Douglas C. The Gutenberg documents. With translations of the texts into English, based with authority on the compila- tion by KARL SCHORBACH. xii+239 p. New York, Oxford University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by CARL PURINGTON ROLLINS, American His- torical Review, 48, 85-86, 1942.

Meech, Sanford Brown (editor). The book of MARGERY KEMPE. The text from the unique MS. owned by Colonel W. BUTLER-BOWDON. Volume I. Edited with introduction and glossary. Prefa- tory note by HOPE EMILY ALLEN; notes and appendices by SANFORD BROWN MEECH and HOPE EMILY ALLEN. lxviii+441 p. (Early English Text Society, original series, 212). New York, Oxford University Press, 1940.

Reviewed by ToM PEETE CROSS, American Historical Re- view, 48, 84-85, 1942; by GEORGE R. COFFMAN, Speculum, 17, 138-41, 1942.

Reynolds, Robert L. The Genoa druggist code of 1407. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Edu- cation, 5, 330-32, 1941.

Thorndike, Lynn. A possible reference to syph- ilis before the discovery of America. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 474, 1942.

Weiss, R. Humanism in England during the fifteenth century. xxiii+190 p. Oxford, Black- well, 1941.

"The present study attempts to describe the rise and development of humanism in England up to the accession of HENRY VII (1485). It aims above all at showing the transition from medieval to Renaissance culture in this country, and the difliculties which had to be overcome to bring about such a change."

XVTH CENTURY (second half)

Cassirer, Ernst. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola. A study in the history of Renaissance ideas. Journal of the History of Ideas, 3, 123-44, 319- 46, 1942.

Clagett, Marshall. Giovanni Marliani and late medieval physics. 182 p., frontispiece. (Colum- bia Univ. Studies in History, Economics and Public Law, no. 483). New York, Columbia University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by DANA B. DURAND, Isis, 34, 166-68, 1942.

Clagett, Marshall. Note on the Tractatus physici falsely attributed to Giovanni Marliani. Isis, 34, 168, 1942.

Jurji, Edward Jabra. Illumination in Islamic mysticism. A translation, with an introduction and notes, based upon a critical edition of Abii-al-Mawahib al-Shadhili's treatise entitled Qawanin hikam al-ishraq. x+130 p. (Prince- ton Oriental texts, vol. 4). Princeton University Press, 193 8.

McDaniel, W. B., 2nd. An Hermetic plague-tract by JOHANNES MERCURIUS CORRIGIENSIS. Text, translation, and bio-bibliography of the author. Part I: Text and translation. Part II: Bio-bibliography. Transactions & Studies of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, 9, 96, 111, facsimiles, 1941; 217-25, 1942.

Miller, Barnette. The Palace School of Muham- mad the Conqueror. 226 p. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by AYDIN M. SAYILI, Isis, 34, 168-69, 1942.

Morison, Samuel Eliot. Admiral of the Ocean Sea: A life of Christopher Columbus. 2 vols. 448+445 p. Boston, Little, Brown, 1942.

Reviewed by WILLIAM JEROME WILSON, Isis, 34, 169-72, 1942.

Nowell, Charles E. Reservations regarding the historicity of the 1494 discovery of South America. Hispanic American Historical Review, 22, 205-10, 1942.

Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni. Of the dignity of man. Translated by ELIZABETH LIVERMORE FORBES. Journal of the History of Ideas, 3, 347- 54, 1942.



246 XVth (2) to XVIth (1)

Ricard, Robert. Remarques sur l'Arte et le Voca- bulista de Fr. Pedro de Alcala. Memorial Henri Basset, vol. 2, 229-36, Paris, 1928.

Sarton, George. Query no. 102. The sources of Joos VAN GHISTELE'S Voyage to the East (1481- 85; princeps, Ghent, 1557). Isis, 34, 25-27, 1 fig., 1942.

Wilson, William Jerome. The historicity of the 1494 discovery of South America. Hispanic American Historical Review, 22, 193-205, 1942.

Winternitz, Emanuel. Quattrocento science in the Gubbio study. Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, 1, 104-16, illus., 1942.

Experiments in the theory of perspective. G.S.

Zweig, Stefan. Amerigo: a comedy of errors in history. Translated by ANDREW ST. JAMES. 128 p. New York, Viking Press, 1942.

Reviewed by W. J. WILSON, American Historical Review, 48, 86-87, 1942.

XVITH CENTURY (whole and first half)

B. PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

Biringuccio, Vannoccio. On type casting in the sixteenth century. Being a description of the art of typecasting given by V.B. in his Piro- technia (Venice 1540), newly translated into English by MARTHA TEACH GNUDI and CYRIL STANLEY SMITH. 16 p. privately printed in 200 copies. Columbiad Club of Connecticut, New Haven, 1941.

The section on typefounding of the Pyrotechnia had been overlooked. It antedates the fuller description of type published by CHRISTOPHER PLANTIN in 1567 and the exceedingly brief and apparently incorrect description by HANS SACHS appended to JOST AMMAN'S woodcut of the typefounder (1568).

Buhler, Curt F. Sixteenth-century prognostica- tions. Libri impressi cum notis manuscriptis- Part II. Isis, 33, 609-20, 1942.

Mercator, Gerard. The treatise of GERARD MER- CATOR. Literarum latinarum, quas Italicas, cur- soriasque vocant, scribendarum ratio. (Antwerp 1540). Edited in facsimile with an introduction by JAN DENUCE, and a note by STANLEY MORI- SON. XXii p. + facsimile (56 p.). Antwerp, de Sikkel, 1930.

This is a bibliographic curiosity, a facsimile reprint, beautifully done, of the treatise on calligraphy published in 1540 by the famous cartographer. G.S.

Montagu, M. F. Ashley. A scientist at peace and at war four hundred years ago. Science, 95, 71, 1942.

Apropos of TARTAGLIA.

Wasiutynski, Jeremi. Kopernik. Tworca nowego nieba. Z 125 ilustracjami i mapa. xviii+666 p. Warsaw, Przeworski, 1938 (Polish Book Imp. Co., New York City).

Elaborate biography in Polish with 125 illustrations and a bibliography of 169 items. The outstanding Coper- nican scholars were LEOPOLD PROWE and LUDWIK ANTONI BIRKENMAJER. For the latter's Stromata Copernicana (Krakow 1924), see Isis 16, 136-38. G.S.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Blanton, Wyndhanm B. Medical references in BERNAL DIAZ's account of the discovery and conquest of Mexico (1517-21). Annals of Med- ical History, 4, 399405, 1942.

Dellepiane, Luis. La nomenclatura muscular en la obra de ANDREAS VESALIO, "De corporis humani fabrica septem libri." Revista Argentina de Historia de la Medicina, 1, 85-90, 1942.

Moreno, Anibal Ruiz. JUAN DE VIGO y el mer- curio. Revista Argentina de Historia de la Medi- cina, 1, 91-96, 1942.

Low, Frank Norman. The famous Hamman painting of Andreas Vesalius. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 129-31, 1 fig., 1942.

Paneth, F. A.; Jones, W. H. S. Paracelsus and "Basil Valentine." Nature, 150, p. 380, 1942.

Tilemann, Hero. Das zweite Buch der medi- zinischen Briefe des Ziiricher Philosophen und Arztes KONRAD GESSNER. 123 p. Inst. Gesch. Med. Dusseldorf, Diss. 183, Dusseldorf, 1939.

E. ALIA

Bainton, Roland H. BERNARDINO OCHINO esule e riformatore senese del Cinquecento, 1487- 1563. Versione dal manoscritto inglese di ELIO GIANTURCO. x+213 p. (Biblioteca storica San- soni, nuova serie). Florence, Sansoni, 1940.

Reviewed by FREDERIC C. CHURCH, American Historical Review, 47, 580-82, 1942.

Donaldson, Gordon; Macrae, C. (editors). St. Andrews formulare, 1514-46. Text transcribed and edited. Volume I. xvii+405 p. (The Stair Society). Edinburgh, Skinner, 1942.

Reviewed by Guy STANTON FoRD, American Historical Review, 48, 88-89, 1942.

Dturer, Albert. Journal de voyage dans les Pays- Bas. Traduit et commente par J. A. GoRIs. xliv+55 p., 20 pls. Bruxelles, Editions de La Connaissance, 1937.

This is a very beautiful edition of the French translation, fully annotated, of DURER'S diary during his travels through the Netherlands, 1520-21. The purpose of that journey was to meet the new emperor, CHARLES QUINT, and obtain



XVIth (1) to XVIth (2) 247

from him the renewal of the pension which the late MAXI- MILIAN had awarded; second, to sell his prints and books; third, to avoid the plague then raging in Nuremberg. It was probably because of the plague that DURER took with him his wife and their maid. The diary is essentially an account book wherein every expenditure, however small, is recorded, also every sale. DURER was obviously a business man. He was also a good Lutheran. This edition is beautifully illustrated. G.S.

[Erasmus]. Opus epistolarum Des. Erasmi Rote- rodami. Denuo recognitum et auctum per P. S. Allen. Tom. X, 1532-34. Ediderunt H. M. Allen et H. W. Garrod. xxiv+440 p., portr., facs. Ox- ford, Clarendon Press, 1941.

This exemplary edition of ERASMUS' letters began to appear in 1906 and many volumes were listed in Isis at the time of their publication. The original editor, PERCY STAFFORD ALLEN, died in 1933, and his successor, H. W. GARROD, published his biography and portrait in vol. 8. This vol. 10 carries the correspondence to letter no. 2939 dated Augsburg, 26 May 1534. As ERASMus died on 11 July 1535, I imagine that the monumental work can be completed with a single additional volume, plus index volume. In order to illustrate the richness of this edition, it will suffice to remark that out of 305 letters printed in vol. X, only 71 are to be found in the Leiden edition of 1703.

G.S.

Erasmus, Desiderius. The praise of folly. Trans- lated from the Latin, with an essay and commentary, by HoYT HOPEWELL HUDSON. xl+165 p. Princeton University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by HENRY S. LUCAS, American Historicdl Review, 47, 837-38, 1942.

Gliozzi, Mario. Tavole di cronologia scientifica italiana dal 1501 al 1600. Archeion, 24, 23-81, 1942.

Mayer Claudius F. Bio-bibliography of XVI. century medical authors. xii+52 p. Washington, D. C., United States Government Printing Office, 1941.

Reviewed by GEORGE SARTON in Isis, 33, 726-27, 1942.

Nykl, A. R. Chronica DelRey Dom Affomsso Hambriquez por DUARTE GALVAO. Partial critical edition with Introduction and notes. xlvi+56 p., frontispiece. Cambridge, Mass., 1942 ($2.00).

"The special importance of this work consists in its having been used as the principal source by LuIZ DE CAMOES for his Lusiadas, Canto III, octavas 25-83, wherein he sings the praise of the first king of Portugal." The author DUARTE GALVAO died on the island of Camarao, June 9, 1517, on a mission to Prester JOHN, being then a septua- genarian. He wrote his chronicle in 1505. The editor has produced a very elaborate edition which will be equally precious to students of Portuguese history and to Por- tuguese philologists. G.S.

Roersch, Alphonse. Correspondance de NICOLAS CLENARD. Tome I, xxiii+259 p.; tome It, Notes et commentaire, viii+189 p. (Academie Royale de Belgique, Collection des anciens auteurs

belges, no 2). Bruxelles, Palais des Academies, 1940.

Reviewed by M. AsIN, AI-Andalus, 6, 481-83, 1941.

Thorndike, Lynn. A history of magic and experimental science. 6 vols. New York, Columbia University Press, 1923-41.

Essay review by DANA B. DURAND, Isis, 33, 691-712, 1942; apropos of the whole work and especially vols. 5-6, 1941, dealing with the XVIth century.

XVITH CENTURY (second half)

A. MATHEMATICS

Johnson, Francis R. Thomas Hood's inaugural address as mathematical lecturer of the City of London (1588). Journal of the History of Ideas, 3, 94-106, 1942.

Schouteet, A. De afkomst van Simon Stevin en diens werkkring in Vlaanderen. Annales de la Socie'te d'Emulation de Bruges, 80, 13746, 1937.

On n'en savait guere plus jusqu'a present sur le compte de STEvIN que sur EUCLIDE (voir JEAN PELSENEER: "Remarques sur une lettre inedite de SIMoN STEvIN," Lychnos, Annuaire de la Societe suedoise d'histoire des sciences, 1937, pp. 373-377), et on pourrait meme re- procher au P. BOSMANS d'avoir dans sa notice de la Bio- graphie Nationale (t. 23, 1921-24, col. 887-938), sciem- ment passe sous silence la question essentielle des attaches religieuses de l'illustre mathematicien brugeois.

Sans doute n'est-il pas trop tard pour attirer l'attention sur l'importante note de M. SCHOUTEET; il n'est pas exager de dire que ce travail, dont la plus grande partie reproduit des pi6ces justificatives, a le grand merite de con- stituer, en d6pit de sa brievete, la premiere contribution originale A la biographie de STEVIN. A l'occasion de recher- ches dans les Archives de la ville de Bruges, l'auteur a mis A jour des documents qui eclairent les origines de STEvIN et ses occupations en Flandre:

"SIMON STEviN est le fils naturel de ANTON STEVIN et CATHARINA VANDER POORT, fille de HUBRECHT. Cette der- ni6re, qui ne semble pas avoir appartenu a une basse con- dition, kpousa JOOST SAYON, et eut au surplus encore deux enfants adulterins de NOEL DE CARON. Comme pupille, SIMON STEVIN jouit de certaines pensions. Lorsqu'il at- teignit l'&ge de 28 ans, il fut 6mancipe par des echevins de Bruges, le 30 octobre 1577, vraisemblablement pour pouvoir postuler l'important emploi vacant de clerc au bureau de JAN DE BRUNE, commis des imp6ts des Quatre Membres de Flandre au Franc de Bruges." (trad. par R. DEPAU).

J.P.


Delevsky, Jacques. L'invention de la projection de Mercator et les enseignements de son histoire. Isis, 34, 110-17, 1942.

McColley, Grant. An early poetic allusion to the Copernican theory. Journal of the History of Ideas, 3, 355-57, 1942.



248 XVIth (2)

Norlind, Wilhelm. Astronomische Streifziuge in Joen Petri Klint's "Om meteorer." Dragma Martino P. Nilsson dedicatum, 334-45, Lund 1939.

C. NATURAL SCIENCES

[Gilbert, Sir Humphrey] (1539?-83). The voyages and colonising enterprises of Sir Humphrey Gilbert. With an introduction and notes by DAVID BEERS QUINN. 2 volumes. xxix+238 p.; xiii+p. 239-534. London, Hakluyt Society, 1940.

Reviewed by FULMER MOOD, American Historical Review.v, 47, 108-10, 1941.

Levi Della Vida, G. A Portuguese pilgrim at Mecca in the sixteenth century. Moslem World, 32, 283-97, 1942.

Apropos of a cryptographic account in Portuguese de- scribing a journey from Cairo to Mecca and Medina and back, made in 1565 (Vatican MS.). G.S.

Paoli, Humberto Julio. Tre rari opuscoli di Nicolas Monardes. II. De Rosis Persicis seu Alexandrinis. Archeion, 24, 1-18, 1942.

E. ALIA

Bainton, Roland H. Concerning heretics. Whether they are to be persecuted and how they are to be treated. A collection of the opinions of learned men both ancient and modern. An anonymous work attributed to SEBASTIAN CAS- TELLIO. Now first done into English, together with excerpts from other works of SEBASTIAN CASTELLIO and DAVID JORIS on religious liberty. xiv+342 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1935.

For scholarly purposes this book is far more useful than ZWEIG'S, for it contains an abundance of information on the De haereticis, the main texts quoted in it, and gives us a very complete view of CASTELLIO'S works. The book is very well indexed. G.S.

Brickman, Benjamin. An introduction to Fran- cesco Patrizi's Nova de universis philosophia. 81 p. (Thesis, Columbia University), New York, 1941.

FRANCESCO PATRIZI (1529-97) was a Dalmatian scholar educated in Ingolstadt and Padua, who flourished some time in Cyprus and taught Platonism in Ferrara and Rome. He wrote a large number of books, the most important of which is the Nova philosophia (Ferrara 1591), carefully analyzed in this thesis. It is a defense of neo-Platonism and a violent attack against ARISToTLE; though the purpose is partly scientific, the treatise is almost exclusively metaphysical. The author concludes: "One of the chief problems of sixteenth century thought was the finding of a certain, infallible method of studying the world. Closely allied with this problem was the problem of what to do with the in- herited supernal world. PATRIZI'S solution is extremely significant. By means of the Neo-Platonic system of hier- archical emanation he united both worlds into one con- tinuous universe emanating from the One-All. He thus prepares us for his naturalism, for we meet next his four

elements that are common to the terrestrial, celestial, and empyrean regions. Hence, the universe is a quantitative continuum lending itself to exact, that is, mathematical study. The mathematical method is the certain, infallible (and useful) method. Is it not rooted in the One, the source of infallible knowledge? Much of what is in PATRIZI is bizarre, and what we seem to get is a strange conglomera- tion of ideas. He leaped back to the most ancient writers, he combined many fantastic ideas, and he employed scho- lastic logic, but he also contributed to the crystallization of concepts and methods that proved useful in the next century." G.S.

Brown, John L. The Methodus ad facilem historiarum cognitionem of Jean Bodin. A critical study. A dissertation. xx+212 p. Washington, D. C., Catholic University of America Press, 1939.

"'L'Histoire de la methode historique,' remarked Gio- VANNI GENTILE in the Revue de Synthese, reste encore a ecrire.' In any attempt to write such a history, the Metlhodus ad facilem historiarum cognitionem [1566] of JEAN BODIN must be taken into account. The Methodus is the earliest notable effort to formulate anything ap- proaching what we might call an historical methodology. It ranks, moreover, as the first important work of one of the most capable minds of the French Renaissance. BODIN did not set out with the express purpose of com- posing an historical method. He was not interested in history for its own sake. Primarily a jurisconsult, he viewed it as an adjunct to legal studies and as a key to universal law, which could be approached only through a comparative and historical study of the national laws of various peoples, ancient and modern. As BODIN himself says in the Dedi- catory Epistle, the best part of universal law lies con- cealed in history. He perceived clearly the necessity of historical investigations as a prelude to studies in comparative jurisprudence. The Methodus is, in a sense, a preparatory work, an exercise which announces his more ambitious Retpublique, where the historico-comparative method is everywhere apparent." . . . "The fifth and the sixth chapters of the Methodus form a reasonably detailed draft of the Republique. In the fifth, De recto historiarum judicio, he first expounds his theory of climates, considered as one of the distinctive contributions of the Republique, while in the sixth, De statu rerumpublicarum, we find some of his most characteristic political-ideas."

Fichter, Joseph H. Man of Spain: FRANCIS SUAREZ. 349 p. New York, Macmillan, 1940.

Reviewed by MOORHOUSE F. X. MILLER, American His- torical Review, 47, 583-84, 1942.

Mozley, James Frederic. JOHN FOXE and his book. xi+254 p. New York, Macmillan, 1940.

Reviewed by CONYERS READ, American Historical Re- view, 48, 91-92, 1942.

Tuve, Rosemond. Imagery and logic: Ramus and metaphysical poetics. Journal of the His- tory of Ideas, 3, 365400, 1942.

Zweig, Stefan. The right to heresy. CASTELLIO against CALVIN. Translated by EDEN and CEDAR PAUL. 238 p., 8 illus. New York, Viking Press, 1936.

This is a brilliant portrayal of CALVIN, SERVET, CASTELLIO and of many minor individuals in the great fight between



XVIth (2) to XVIIth (1) 249

toleration and fanaticism. The judicial murder of MIGUEL SERVET at Champel, near Geneva, October 27, 1553, caused CASTELLIO to publish in March 1554 the- Dr kareticis, and later the Contra libellum Calvini (1554, printed only in 1612), two of the noblest and most important books in the history of humanity. G.S.

XVIITH CENTURY (whole and first half)

A. MATHEMATICS

Boyer, Carl B. CAVALIERI, limits and discarded infinitesimals. Scripta Mathematica, 8, 79-91, 1941.

Ivins, William M., Jr. Two first editions of DESARGUES. Metropolitan Museum of Art Bul- letin, p. 33-35, 4 pls., facsimiles, 1942.

[Pascal, Blaise]. Tercentenary of the calculating machine. Nature, 150, 427, 1942.


Castiglioni, Arturo. GALILEO GALILEI and his influence on the evolution of medical thought. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 226-41, 3 figs., 1942.

Cohen, I. Bernard. The heritage of GALILEO. Scientific Monthly, 54, 282-87, 5 fig., 1942.

Haden, Russell L. GALILEO and the compound microscope. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 24247, 1942.

Koyre, A. Etudes galileennes. I, A I'aube de la science classique. II, La loi de la chute des corps: DESCARTES et GALILEE. III, GALILAE et la loi d'inertie. 73 p.; 76 p.; 184 p. (Actualites scientifiques et industrielles, 852). Paris, Her- mann, 1939.

Essay review by GIoRGIo DIAZ DE SANTILLANA, Isis, 33, 654-56, 1942.

Lones, T. E. A precis of Mettallum Martis and an analysis of DUD DUDLEY'S alleged invention. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 17- 28, 1941.

Olschki, Leonardo. The scientific personality of GALILEO. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 248-73, 1942.

Pagel, Walter. JOHN BAPTIST VAN HELMONT: De tempore and the history of the biological concept of time. Isis, 33, 621-23, 1942.

Plummer, H. C. GALILEO GALILEI, 1564-1642. Nature, 149, 206-08, 1942.

Santillana, Giorgio Diaz de. New Galilean studies. Isis, 33, 654-56, 1942.

Weiss, Helene. Notes on the Greek ideas referred to in VAN HELMONT: De tempore. Isis, 33, 624, 1942.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Meyer, A. W. H"AvEY's appraisal of his De gene- ratione. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 265-72, 1942.

Urdang, George. The mystery about the first English (London) Pharmacopoeia (1618). Bul- letin of the History of Medicine, 12, 304-13, 1942.

Sarton, George. The discovery of the circulation of the blood. Isis, 34, 29, 1942.

E. ALIA

Houghton, Walter E., Jr. The English virtuoso in the seventeenth century. lournal of the His- tory of Ideas, 3, 51-73, 190-219, 1942.

Needham, Joseph (editor). The teacher of nations. Addresses and essays in commemoration of the visit to England of the great Czech educationalist, JAN AMOS KOMENSKY, COME- NIUS, 1641-1941. viii+99 p., frontispiece, facsim. New York, Macmillan, 1942 ($1.75).

The celebration of the tercentenary of COMENIUS' visit to England (Isis, 33, 524) will be perpetuated by this little but substantial volume containing an abundance of information on the great Czech teacher and prophet. It will suffice to indicate its rich contents. EDUARD BENES: The place of C. in history as a good European. J. L. PATON: C. as a pioneer of education. HENRY MORRIS: Education and the community. J. D. BERNAL: C. visit to England (1641), and the rise of scientific societies in the seventeenth century. R. FITZGIBBON YOUNG: C. and the Invisible College (1645-62). J. B. CONANT: C. and Harvard. 0. ODLOZILIK: C. life and work in its historical setting. OSKAR KOKOSCIIKA: C., the English Revolution, and our present plight. DOROTHEA WALEY SINGER: C. and con- fidence in the rational mind. J. G. CROWTHER: The social relations of science in the seventeenth and twentieth centuries. ERNEST BARKER: The debt of Europe to Czecho- slovakia and to C. R. FrrzGIBBON YOUNG: Table of dates illustrating the life of C., with special reference to his plans for pansophic encyclopaedias and scientific societies, and to his interest in educational work among the Indians of New England and Virginia. ANNA HEYBERGER: Select bibliography of the educational and scientific works of C., and of publications concerning C. The book constitutes an excellent introduction to Comenian studies. Its appearance at this time is very encouraging and very welcome. G.S.

Neve de Mevergnies, Paul. JEAN-BAPTISTE VAN HELMONT. Philosophe par le feu. 232 p., frontispiece. (Bibliotheque de la Facult6 de Philo- sophie et Lettres de l'Universite de Liege, fascicule 69). Paris, Droz, 1935.

Including a new biography (p. 110-48). The author concludes: "J. B. VAN HELMONT, Bruxellois, Philosophe par le feu, seigneur de Royenborch, d'Oirschot, de Pellines et d'autres lieux, est un philosophe herm6tique. Disciple de PARACELSE, sinon quant au d6tail des theories-car il se s6para souvent de son maltre-du moins quant a l'esprit de la doctrine, il s'est fait, en Belgique, le champion de l'occultisme au XVIIe siecle." .... . "L'Ortus Medici,nae



250 XVIIth (1) to XVIIth (2)

(1648) a peut4tre rendu des services signals A la science medicale. Mais, par 1'esprit qui I'anime, et dont le rayonne- ment semble avoir &6 considerable, il n'en a pas moins &6, malgre le genie de son auteur, un obstacle au progres de la medicine." (It is difficult to reconcile these two sentences.) G.S.

XVIITH CENTURY (second half)

A. MATHEMATICS

Bell, A. E. Hypotheses non fingo. Nature, 149, 23840, 1942.

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm. Allgemeiner poli- tischer und historischer Briefwechsel. 3. Band, 1680-1683. xlviii+664 p. Leipzig, Koehler, 1938.



Cohen, I. Bernard. The Compendium physicae Of CHARLES MORTON (1627-1698). Isis, 33, 657- 71, 6 figs., 1942.

Cohen, I. Bernard. NEWTON and the modern world. American Scholar, 11, 328-38, 1942.

Cohen, I. Bernard. ROEMER and the first determination of the velocity of light. 63 p., portr., facs. New York City, Burndy Library, 107 Eastern Boulevard, 1942 (50 cents).

Reprint of the memoir published in Isis, 31, 327-79, 1940, but not available to American readers on account of the German invasion of Belgium. It forms vol. 1 of the Burndy Library, "a non-profit organization founded to encourage an interest in the history of science by publishing, from time to time, translations and studies in the beginnings of our present sciences."

[Morton, Charles]. Charles Morton's "Com- pendium physicae." xl+237 p. (Publications of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 33). Boston, The Society, 1940.

Reviewed by CARL B. BOYER, American Historical Re- view, 47, 85-87, 1941, and by I. B. COHEN, Isis, 33, 657- 71, 6 fig., 1942.

Olmsted, John W. The scientific expedition of JEAN RICHER to Cayenne (1672-1673). Isis, 34, 117-28, 1942.

C. NATURAL SCIENCES

Arber, Agnes. NEHEMIAH GREW and MARCELLO

MALPIGHI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, p. 218-38, session 153, 194041, pt. 2,21 November 1941.

Arber, Agnes. NEHEMIAH GREW (1641-1712) and MARCELLO MALPIGHI (1628-1694): An essay in comparison. Isis, 34, 7-16, 1942.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Chance, Burton. CHARLES SCARBOROUGH, an English educator and physician to three kings. A medical retrospect into the times of the Stuarts. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 274-303, figs., 1942.

Lastres, Juan B. Fray BARTOLOME DE VADILLO y la fundaci6n del Real Hospital de San Barto- lome. Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de His- toria de la Medicina, aiio 1940, p. 113-18, Lima, 1942.

Loomis, C. Grant. Dissertatio de diaeta littera- torum or The Regimen of Scholars. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 217-21, 1942.

"The little tract of GEORG WOLFGANG WEDEL, Professor of Medicine at Jena, from 1673, seems to be preserved, so far as I can ascertain, only in a rather full synopsis in TENTZEL'S Monatliche Unterredungen. Both its excellence and its naivete will at once be apparent from the following translation."

Rolleston, Sir Humphry. EDMUND DICKINSON (1624-1707). Annals of Medical History, 4, 175-80, 1942.

[Rudbeck, Olof]. A translation of OLOF RUD- BECK's Nova excercitatio anatomica. Announc- ing the discovery of the lymphatics (1653). Translated into English by AAGE E. NIELSEN. With a biographical note by GORAN LILJE- STRAND. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 304-39, 2 facs., 1942.

E. ALIA

Baily, Joshua L. Some early American museums. Science, 96, p. 427, 1942.

At Metape in Sonora, Father EUSEBio FRANcIsco KINO established a natural history museum in 1681. Another early museum was opened in Mexico City in 1791. C.Z.

Bell, A. E. Modern science and THOMAS HOBBES. Nature, 149, 688-90, 1942.

Conant, James B. The advancement of learning during the Puritan Commonwealth. Proceed- ings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 66, 29 p.

"The arguments pro and con the Puritan will probably continue as long as scholars are interested in the Eng- lish-speaking people of the seventeenth century. CLAREN- DON'S famous left-handed tribute to General MONCK may be paraphrased by saying of the triumphant Puritans of the 1640's that 'it is glory enough to their memory that they were instrumental in bringing mighty things to pass, which they had neither the wisdom to foresee, nor courage to attempt, nor understanding to continue. And among the mighty things which slowly came to pass were religious toleration, representative government, modern science, and universities as we now know them. If on the whole we favor such developments, we must



XVIlth (2) to XVIIlth (1) 251

honor those who labored devotedly and sincerely to advance learning in the Puritan Commonwealth three centuries ago."

Lewis, Frederic T. The introduction of biological stains: employment of saffron by VIEUSSENS and LEEUWENHOEK. Anatomical Record, 83, 229-53, 1942.

Sarton, George. Third preface to Volume XXXIII. Brave BUSBECQ (1522-1592). Isis, 33, 557-75, 7 fig., 1942.

XVIIITH CENTURY (whole and first half)

A. MATHEMATICS

Beattie, Lester M. JOHN ARBUTHNOT [1667- 1735], mathematician and satirist. xvi+432 p. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1935.

Brasch, Frederick E. JAMES LOGAN, a colonial mathematical scholar, and the first copy of NEWTON'S Principia to arrive in the Colony. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 3-12, 3 figs., 1942.

Dari, E. Mase. Un precursore della Econometria. II saggio di GIOVANNI CEVA "De re numaria" edito in Mantova nel 1711. 59 p. (Pubblicazioni della Facolta di Giurisprudenza della R. Uni- versita di Modena, N. 62). Modena, 1935.

[Euler]. LEONHARDI EULERI Opera omnia. Sub auspiciis Societatis scientiarum naturalium Hel- veticae. Edenda curaverunt ANDREAS SPEISER, Louis GUSTAVE DU PASQUIER, HEINRICH BRANDT. Series prima. Opera mathematica, vol. 22-23. Commentationes analyticae ad theoriam aequationum differentialium pertinentes edidit HENRI DULAC. 2 vols. quarto, xv+420 p.; iii+ 455 p. Auctoritate et impensis Societatis scientiarum naturalium Helveticae, Basileae, 1936- 38.

[Euler]. LEONHARDI EULERI Opera omnia. Sub auspiciis Societatis scientiarum naturalium Hel- veticae. Edenda curaverunt ANDREAS SPEISER, Louis GUSTAVE DU PASQUIER, HEINRICH BRANDT. Series prima, Opera mathematica, vol. 4. Commentationes arithmeticae, volumen ter- tium, Edidit RUDOLF FUETER. xxxiii+43 1 p. quarto. Auctoritate et impensis Societatis scientiarum naturalium Helveticae, Genevae, 1941.

This is the latest volume of the gigantic edition of EULER'S works to appear, the third of his investigations on the theory of numbers (elements, quadratic residues and forms, large primes, Diophantine equations, additive theory, analytic theory). G.S.


Bobrovnikoff, N. T. EDMOND HALLEY (1656- 1742). Scientific Monthly, 55, 43845, 1942.

A biographical sketch commemorating the 200th anniversary of HALLEY's death. C.Z.

Chapman, Sydney. EDMUND HALLEY as physical geographer and the story of his charts. Occa- sional Notes, Roy. Astron. Soc., no. 9, June 1941.

Reviewed by J. N. L. BAKER, Natur, 149, 56, 1942.

Cohen, Ernst; Cohen-De Meester, W. A. T. DANIEL GABRIEL FAHRENHEIT. Kon. Akad. Wet. Verhand. 16, 1-37, 13 fig., Amsterdam, 1936.

Reviewed by N. H. DE V. HEATHCOTE, Annals of Science, 2, 133-34, 1937.

Davies, A. Stanley. The Coalbrookdale Company and the Newcomen Engine, 1717-1769. Trans- actions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 4548, 2 pl., 1941.

Gill, Henry Vincent. ROGER BOSCOVICH, S.J. (1711-1787). XVIII+76 p. Dublin, Gill, 1941.

Reviewed by H. C. PLUMMER, Nature, 149. 180, 1942.

Jones, H. Spencer. EDMOND HALLEY, 1656-1742. Nature, 149, 69-71, 1942.

Lones, T. East. The site of NEWCOMEN'S engine of 1712. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 13, 1-13, 1932-33.

Plummer, H. C. HALLEY'S comet and its importance. Nature, 150, 249-57, 1942.

Young, W. A. THOMAS NEWCOMEN, ironmonger. The contemporary background. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 1-15, pl., 1941.

C. NATURAL SCIENCES

Fulling, E. H. Barberry eradication. (Plant life and the law of man, III). Journal of the New York Botanical Garden, 43, 152-57, 1942.

Giving examples of early laws in Connecticut (1726), Massachusetts (1754), Rhode Island (1766), ordering the eradication of barberry (Berberis vulgaris). It was only in 1865 that ANTON DE BARY proved that barberry bushes play an important role in the life-cycle and dissemination of wheat rust. G.S.

Hagberg, Knut. CARL LINNAEUS. Ein grosses Leben aus dem Barock. 288 p., 13 plates. Ham- burg, Govert, 1940.

Reviewed by ALDO MIELI, Archeion, 24, 117-18, 1942.

Maranfon, Gregorio. Las ideas biologicas del Padre FEIJOO (1676-1764). 335 p. Madrid, Espasa-Calpe, 1934.

Merrill, E. D. Microfilm records of the Linnean Society of London. Science, 96, 352, 1942.



252 XVIIIth (1) to XVIIIth (2)

Unanue, [Jose] Hipolito. Observaciones sobre el clima de Lima, y su influencia en los seres organizados, en especial el hombre. Con intro- duccion v comentarios por el D. CARLOS EN- RIQUE PAZ SOLDAN. 5+xcviii+16+151 p., port., 2 facs. Lima, Peru', Comision Nacional Peruana de Cooperacion Intelectual, 1940.

Reviewed by I. BERNARD COHENi, Isis, 33, 636-38, facs., port., 1942.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Barrett, John T. The inoculation controversy in Puritan New England. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 169-90, 1942.

Dreyfus, Camille. MONTESQUIEU and medicine. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift, May 2, 1942.

Reviewed in Nature, 150, 231, 1942.

Morgagni, Giambattista. Consulti medici, pub- blicati, da minute inedite, a cura di ENRICO BENASSI. xxxiv+380 p., 1 facs. (Classici italiani della medicina, 2). Bologna, Cappelli, 1935.

Siddall, R. S. GEORGE CHEYNE, M.D. Eighteenth century clinician and medical author. Annals of Medical History, 4, 95-109, 3 figs., 1942.

E. ALIA

Adams, Henry Packwood. The life and writings of GIAMBATTISTA VICO (1668-1743). 236 p. London, Allen and Unwin, 1935.

Geymuller, Heinrich von (1839-1909). SWE- DENBORG und die iubersinnliche Welt. tbersetzt von PAUL SAKMANN. Durchgesehen und erganzt von HANS DRIESCH. 340 p. Stuttgart, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1936.

Godart, Justin. Le Jansenisme a Lyon. BENOIL FOURGON (1687-1773). 245 p. Paris, Alcan, 1934.

Hulbert-Powell, C. L. JOHN JAMES WETTSTEIN, 1693-1754. Foreword by the Bishop of Truro. London, S.P.C.K., 1937.

Hume, David. An abstract of A treatise of human nature, 1740. A pamphlet hitherto unknown. Reprinted in type facsimile with an introduction by J. M. KEYNES and P. SRAFFA. xxxii+ 32 p. Cambridge University Press, 1938.

Kraus, Michael. Scientific relations between Europe and America in the eighteenth century. Scientific Monthly, 55, 259-72, 1942.

La Mettrie, Julien Offray de. L'homme-plante. Republished with introduction and notes by FRANCIS L. ROUGIER, 153 p. (Publications of the

Institute of French Studies, Inc., Columbia Uni- versity). New York, 1936.

Luzzatto, Moses Hayyim (1707-1747). Mesillat yesharim, The path of the upright. A critical edition provided with a translation and notes by MORDECAI M. KAPLAN. xxxvii+230 p. Phila- delphia, Jewish Publication Society of America, 1936.

Monod-Cassidy, Helene. Un voyageur-philosophe au XVIIIe siecle: L'abbe JEAN-BERNARD LE BLANC (1707-81). xiii+565 p. (Harvard Studies in Comparative Literature). Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by J. SALWYN SCHAPIRO, American Historical Review, 47, 190, 1941.

Wild, John. GEORGE BERKELEY: a study of his life and philosophy. x+552 p. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1936.

Wolff, Christian von (1679-1754). Jus gentium methodo scientifica pertractatum. Volume I, Photographic reproduction of the edition of 1764, with an introduction by OTFRIED NIPPOLD. Volume II, Translation, by JOSEPH H. DRAKE. lvi+411 p.; lii+565 p. (The Classics of Inter- national Law, edited by JAMES BROWN SCOTT for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace). New York, Oxford University Press, 1934.

XVIIITH CENTURY (second half)


Aykroyd, Wallace Ruddell. Three philosophers (LAVOISIER, PRIESTLEY and CAVENDISH). xi+ 227 p., 8 pl. London, Heinemann, 1935.

Baumgarten, Eduard. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, der Lehrmeister der amerikanischen Revolution. 248 p. (Die geistigen Grundlagen des amerikanischen Gemeinwesens, 1). Frankfurt a.M., Klostermann, 1936.

Bronk, Detlev W. JOSEPH PRIESTLEY and the early history of the American Philosophical So- ciety. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 103-07, 1942.

Cohen, I. Bernard. Benjamin Franklin's Experi- ments. A new edition of Franklin's Experiments and Observations on Electricity. Edited, with a critical and historical introduction. xxvi+453 p., 1 pl. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by ALDO MIELI, Archeion, 23, 453-54, 1941, and by HIENRY CREW, Isis, 33, 634-36, .1942.

Crane, Verner Winslow. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, Englishman and American. 142 p. (Colver lec-



XVIIIth (2) 253

tures in Brown University, 1935). Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1936.

Dale, Antony. JAMES WYATT, architect, 1746- 1813. 139 p. Oxford, Blackwell, 1936.

Franklin, Benjamin. A letter on lightning rods. With a historical note by I. BERNARD COHEN. 6 p. Cambridge, 1942.

Goodman, Nathan Gerson. BENJAMIN FRANK- LIN'S own story: his autobiography continued from 1759 to his death in 1790 with a biographical sketch drawn from his writings. 268 p. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1937.

Reviewed by JOHN A. KROUT, American Historical Re- view, 44, 209, 1938.

Kendall, James. Some eighteenth-century chemical societies. Endeavour, 1, 106-09, figs., Lon- don, 1942.

Mitchell, Samuel Alfred. Astronomy during the early years of the American Philosophical So- ciety. Proceedings of the A.merican Philosophical Society, 86, 13-21, 1942.

Nolan, James Bennett. General BENJAMIN FRANKLIN: the military career of a philosopher. vi+ 101 p. Philadelphia, University of Penn- sylvania Press, 1936.

Richards, Horace C. Some early American physicists. Proceedings of the American Philo- sophical Society, 86, 22-28, 1942.

Saint-Leger, Alexandre R. de. Les mines d'Anzin et d'Aniche pendant la Revolution. 2 vols. (Collection de documents inedits sur l'histoire economique de la Revolution francaise). Paris, Leroux, 1935-39.

Scott, E. Kilburn. Three Joseph Priestleys. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 147- 49, 1941.

Titley, Arthur. Note upon a part of a diary by JAMEs BRINDLEY. Transactions of the New- comen Society. 20, 67-74 pl., 1941.

C. NATURAL SCIENCES

Campbell, Patrick. Travels in the interior in- habited parts of North America in the years 1791 and 1792. Edited with an introduction by H. H. LANGTON, and with notes by H. H. LANG- TON and W. F. GANONG. xxi+326+xii p. Toronto, Champlain Society, 1937.

Carver, Jonathan. Travels through the interior parts of North-America, in the years 1766, 1767, and 1768. London 1778. v+p. 494-526, port. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Phar- macy and Materia Medica, no. 9, 1907.

Chevalier, Aug. MICHEL ADANSON, voyageur, naturaliste et philosophe. 172 p. Paris, Larose, 1934.

Eliot, Jared (1685-1763). Essays upon field hus- bandry in New England and other papers, 1748-62. Edited by HARRY J. CARMAN and REX- FORD G. TUGWELL, with a biographical sketch by RODNEY H. TRUE. lvi+261 p. (Columbia University Studies in the History of American Agriculture, 1). New York, Columbia Univer- sity Press, 1934.

Galambos, Robert. The avoidance of obstacles by flying bats: SPALLANZANI'S ideas (1794) and later theories. Isis, 34, 13240, 1942.

Gwynn, Stephen. Mungo Park and the quest of the Niger. 269 p. (Golden Hind series). London, Lane, 1934.

[Lamarck]. The Lamarck manuscripts at Har- vard. Edited by WILLIAM MORTON WHEELER and THOMAS BARBOUR. xxxi+202 p. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1933.

Larsen, Esther Louise. PEHR KALM'S observations on black walnut and butternut trees. Agricultural History, 16, 149-57, 1942.

The same author has translated many other scientific articles written by the Swedish botanist and American explorer, PETER KALM, and given a complete list in footnote 1. See Isis, 25, 229. G.S.

Maluf, N. S. Rustum. ROBERT TOWNSON and the respiratory movements of the tortoise. Isis, 34, 128-32, 1 fig., 1942.

Martin, Edward A. A bibliography of GILBERT WHITE, the naturalist and antiquarian of Sel- borne. viii+188 p. With a biography and a de- scriptive account of the village of Selborne. London, Halton, 1934.

Morton, Louis. ROBERT CARTER of Nomini Hall: A Virginia tobacco planter of the eighteenth century. xi+332 p. (Williamsburg Restoration Historical Studies, no. 2). Princeton University Press, 1941.

Reviewved by 0. P. CIIITWOOD, Ametrican Historical Review, 47, 881-82, 1941.

Pennell, Francis W. BENJAMIN SMITH BARTON as naturalist. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 108-22, 1942.

Sarton, George. Query no. 103. Was JEANNE BARRE the first woman who travelled around the world (c. 1773)? Isis, 34, 27, 1942.

Simpson, George Gaylord. The first natural history museum in America. Science, 96, 261-63, 1942.

A critical examination of the claims of the Charleston Museum. C.Z.



254 XVIIIth (2)

Wilson, J. Walter. The first natural history lectures at Brown University, 1786, by Dr. BENJAMIN WATERHOUSE. Annals of Medical History, 4, 390-98, 5 figs., 1942.

Woodward, Carl Raymond. Ploughs and poli- ticks: CHARLES READ of New Jersey and his notes on agriculture, 1715-1774. xxvi+468 p. (Rutgers University Studies in History, no. 2). New Brunswick, Rutgers University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by EvuRErr E. EDWARDS, American His- torical Review, 47, 879-80, 1942.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Barton, Benjamin Smith (1766-1815). Collec- tions for an essay toward a materia medica of the United States. By BENJAMIN SMITH BARTON, Philadelphia, 1798 & 1804. With biography and portrait. 146 p. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 1, 1900.

Facsimile reprint of two memoirs published in 1798 and 1804, with a biography and portrait of the author.

G.S.

Claro, J. Alberto. Licenciado JUSTO GARCiA Y VALDE'S. Un episodio de su vida. Revista Argen- tina de Historia de la Medicina, 1, 81-84, 1942.

Fitz, Reginald. "Something curious in the medical line." Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 239-64, 7 fig., 1942.

Apropos of EDWARD JENNER and BENJAMIN WATER- HOUSE.

Fitz, Reginald. The treatment for inoculated small-pox in 1764 and how it actually felt. Annals of Medical History, 4, 110-13, 1 fig., 1942.

Goodman, Nathan Gerson. BENJAMIN RUSH, physician and citizen, 1746-1813. 421 p. Phila- delphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1934.

Gumpert, Martin. Hahnemann. Die abenteuer- lichen Schicksale eines arztlichen Rebellen und seiner Lehre, der Hom6opathie. 256 p., 2 port., Berlin, Fischer, 1934.

Hall, Courtney Robert. The beginnings of American military medicine. Annals of Medical History, 4, 122-31, 1942.

Hoyt, William D., Jr. A young Virginian prepares to practice medicine, 1796-1800. Bulletiin of the History of AMedicine, 11, 582-86, 1942.

Kieffer, John E. Philadelphia controversy. Biil- letiiz of the History of Medicine, 11, 148-60, 5 fig., 1942.

Kramm, Heinrich. Die Bibliothek eines Witten- berger Mediziners (CHR. FR. NURNBERGER) um

1790. 96 p. (Abh. z. Gesch. d. Med. u. d. Naturw., 33). Berlin, Ebering, 1940.

Reviewed by J.A.V., Janus, 44, 318, 1940. Not seen.

Langstaff, John Brett. Doctor BARD of Hyde Park, the famous physician of Revolutionary times, the man who saved WASHINGTON'S life. Introduction by NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER. New York, Dutton, 1942.

Reviewed in Annals of Medical History, 4, 422-24, 1942.

Larnaudie, Roger. La vie surhumaine de S. HAHNEMANN fondateur de l'homoeopathie. Pre- face de FORTIER BERNOVILLE. 278 p. Paris, Par- thenon, 1935.

Middleton, William S. Manuscript notes of JOHN SYNG DORSEY. Transactions & Studies of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, 10, 20-22, 1942.

Moorman, Lewis J. WILLIAM WITHERING: his work, his health, his friends. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 355-66, 1942.

Neumann, Robert. The queen's doctor. Being the strange story of the rise and fall of STRU- ENSEE, dictator, lover and doctor of medicine. Translated by EDWIN and WILLA MUIR. Lon- don, Gollancz, 1936.

Apropos Of JOHANN FRIEDERICK STRUENSEE (1737- 1772).

Packard, Francis R. Medical case histories in a Colonial hospital. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 145-68, port., 1942.

Revello, Jose Torre. El primer medico que se establecio en la villa de Lujan. Revista Argen- tina de Historia de la Medicina, 1, 33-36, 1942.

Rosen, George. JOHN FERRIAR'S "Advice to the poor." Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 222-27, 1942.

Schopf, Johann David (1752-1800). Materia medica americana, potissimum regni vegetabilis. Erlangen, 1787. 195 p. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 6, 1903.

Facsimile with biography by EDNVARD KREMERS.

Sheehan, Donal. CHARLES WHITE. Eighteenth century surgeon. Annals of Medical History, 4, 13246, 2 figs., 1942.

Storok, Antonius. Libellus de usu medico pulsa- tillae nigricantis. 1771. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 9, 61 p., 1907.

Stubbs, George. The anatomy of the horse. With a modern paraphrase by J. C. MCCUNN, assisted by C. W. OTTAWvAY. London, Hill, 1939.



XVIlJth (2) 255

tVnver, A. Siuheyl. Concerning a surgeon who studied anatomy in the Sulaymaniya Medical School (in Turkish). Turk Tib Tarihi Arkivi, 5, 37-38, 1942.

This article is based on a short but important document from the second half of the 18th century. In medieval Islam the teaching of anatomy received little emphasis. There is evidence that this defect was corrected by the Ottomans apparently during the reign of MUHAMMAD THE CONQUEROR (1451-81). The Suleymaniya Hospital and Medical School, a very important institution, was founded in 1555. The document studied by A. S. ONVER constitutes an additional evidence of the improve- ment of medical teaching by the Ottomans; its late date, however, makes European influence a likelihood. A.S.

Waterman, Joseph M. With sword and lancet. The life of General HUGH MERCER. Richmond, Garrett and Massie, 1941.

Reviewed by W.B.B., Annals of lledical History, 4, 341- 42, 1942.

E. ALIA

Barker, Joseph Edmund. DIDEROT'S treatment of the Christian religion in the Encyclopedie. 143. New York, King's Crown Press, 1941.

Reviewed by GORDON H. MCNEIL, Amterican Historical Review, 47, 677, 1942.

Barr, Mary-Margaret H. VOLTAIRE in America, 1744-1800. 150 p. (The Johns Hopkins Studies in Romance Literatures and Languages). Balti- more, Johns Hopkins Press, 1941.

Reviewed by MICHAEL KRAUS, American Historical Re- view, 47, 944, 1942.

Bowen, Marjorie. Peter Porcupine: a study of WILLIAM COBBETT, 1762-1835. xii+312 p. London, Longmans, Green, 1936.

Breysig, Kurt. Der Aufbau der Personlichkeit von KANT, aufgezeigt an seinem Werke. Ein Versuch zur Seelenkunde des Gelehrten. xii+ 142 p. (Forschgn. z. Geschichts- u. Gesellschaftslehre, H. 5). Stuttgart, Cotta, 1931.

Carre, Jean Raoul. Reflexions sur l'Anti-Pascal de VOLTAIRE. 120 p. Paris, Alcan, 1935.

Diderot. Supplement au voyage de Bougainville. Publie d'apres le manuscrit de Leningrad, avec une introduction et des notes par GILBERT CHINARD. 211 p. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1936.

Emery, Clark. "Sir" JOHN HILL versus the Royal Society. Isis, 34, 16-20, 1942.

Forssman, Julius. J. K. LAVATER und die reli- gibsen Stromungen des achtzehnten Jahrhun- derts. Versuch einer seelenkundlichen Deutung in geistesgeschichtlichem Rahmen. 298 p. (Abh. d. Herder-Gesellsch. u. d. Herder-Inst. zu Riga, 5). Riga, Plates, 1935.

Fraser, Sir James George. CONDORCET on the progress of the human mind: the Zaharoff lecture for 1933. 24 p. Oxford Clarendon Press, 1933.

Gohring, Martin. RABAUT SAINT-ETIENNE. Ein Kampfer an der Wende zweier Epochen. 261 p. (Forschgn. z. Gesch. d. Ancien Regime u. d. grossen Revolution, Nr. 7 Histor. Studien, H. 279). Berlin, Ebering, 1935.

Griggs, Earl Leslie. THOMAS CLARKSON. The friends of slaves. 210 p. London, Allen and Unwin, 1936.

Gueroult, Martial. La philosophie transcen- dentale de SALOMON MAIMON. 178 p. (Biblio- theque de philosophie contemporaine). Paris, Alcan, 1929.

Kein, Otto. Die Universalitat des Geistes im Lebenswerk GOETHES und SCHELLINGS im Zu- sammenhang mit der organisch-synthetischen Geistesrichtung der Goethezeit. 520 p. Berlin, Junker & Diinnhaupt, 1934.

Kuhnel, Josef. THADDAEUS HAENKE. Leben und Leistung eines sudetendeutschen Naturfor- schers. Anhang: Briefe, Dokumente, Stamm- baum. 188 p., 34 fig. Haida, Sudetengau, K6hler, 1939.

Reviewed by GICKLHORN, Mitt. z. Gesch. d. Med., 39, 5-6, 1940.

Maestro, Marcello T. VOLTAIRE and BECCARIA as reformers of criminal law. x+177 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1942.

Reviewed by FRANK J. KLINGBERG, American Historical Review, 48, 95-96, 1942.

Schmid, Gunther. GOETHE und die Naturwissen- schaften. Eine Bibliographie. xvi+618 p. Halle (Saale), Deutsche Akademie *der Naturfor-

scher, 1940.

Sckommodau, Hans. Der franzbsische psycho- logische Wortschatz der 2. Halfte des 18. Jahr- hunderts. 176 p. (Leipz. romanist. Stud. Sprach- wiss. R. 2. H.). Leipzig, Roman. Seminar, 1933.

Scott, William Robert. ADAM SMITH, as student and professor. Glasgow, Jackson, 1937.

With unpublished documents, including parts of the "Edinburgh lectures," a draft of The Wealth of Nations, extracts from the muniments of the University of Glasgow and correspondence.

Selter, H. Foure. L'Odyssee americaine d'une famille francaise: le docteur ANTOINE SAUGRAIN. ix+123 p. (Institut franqais de Washington). Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1936.



256 XVIIIth (2) to XlXth (1)

Sherrington, Sir Charles. GOETHE on nature & on science. 32 p. Cambridge, University Press, 1942.

The Philip Maurice Deneke Lecture delivered at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, on the 4th March 1942.

Stocks, John Leofric (1882-1937). Jeremy Ben- tham (1748-1832): the Samuel Hall oration for 1933. 27 p. (Manchester University lectures, no. 30). Manchester, University Press, 1933.

Volney, Constantin-Franqois (1757-1820). La loi naturelle ou Catechisme du citoyen franqais. Edition complete et critique, textes de 1793 et de 1826. Par GASTON-MARTIN. viii+ 161 p. (Les classiques de la Revolution franqaise). Paris, Colin, 1934.

[Wheelock, Eleazar] (1711-79). The letters of ELEAZAR WHEELOCK'S Indians. Edited from the originals by JAMES Dow MCCALLUM. 327 p. (Dartmouth College manuscript series, no. 1). Hanover, Dartmouth College Publications, 1932.

Wickwar, William Hardy. Baron d'HOLBACH. A prelude to the French Revolution. 253 p. London, Allen and Unwin, 1935.

[Wolf, Friedrich August] (1759-1824). Fried- rich August Wolf. Ein Leben in Briefen. Die Sammlung besorgt und erlautert durch SIEG- FRIED REITER. I. Bd.: Friihzeit, Hallische Meis- terjahre (1779-1807). II. Bd.: Berliner Leidens- und Alterstage (1807-24). Entwurf einer Selbst- biographie. III. Bd.: Erlauterungen. xxxvi+436 p.; II., 345 p.; III., iv+342 p. 18 fig. Stuttgart, Metzler, 1935.

XIXTH CENTURY (whole and first half)

A. MATHEMATICS

Cauchy, Augustin (1789-1857). Oeuvres completes. Publiees sous la direction scientifique de 1'Acad6mie des Sciences et sous les auspices de M. le Ministre de 1'Education Nationale. Ile serie, tome XIV. 470 p. quarto. Paris, Gauthier- Villars, 1938.

Thnis volume, the latest to appear, contains a large number of memoirs relative to analysis and mathematical physics. We may recall that the Oetuvres of Baron CAUCHY began to appear in 1882; the first series included 12 vols., with general table (1901). This is the 14th vol. of the second series but only the 13th to appear, as vol. 2 was never published. For biographies see my Study of thLe history of mathematics (p. 75, 1936). G.S.


Awbery, J. H. CARL VON LINDE. A pioneer of 'deep' refrigeration. Nature, 149, 630-31, 1942.

Fiuchtbauer, Ritter von. GEORG SIMON OHM. Ein Forscher wachst aus seiner Vaiter Art. viii+246 p., 28 ill. Berlin, VDI-Verlag, 1939.

Reviewed by ALDO MIELI, Arch/ion, 22, 34147, 1940.

C. NATURAL SCIENCES

Deevey, Edward S., Jr. A re-examination of THOREAU'S "Walden." Quarterly Review of Biology, 17, 1-11, 4 fig., 1942.

"However untrustworthy Thoreau's ornithology may have been, his contribution to at least one natural science, limnology, was original and genuine."

Demaree, Albert Lowther. The American agricultural press, 1819-1860. xix+430 p. (Colum- bia University Studies in the History of American Agriculture). New York, Columbia University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by FRED LANDON, American Historical Review, 47, 362-63, 1942.

[Engelmann, George; Gray, Asa]. Formative days of Mr. SHAW'S garden. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin, 30, 100-12, 1942.

Eyles, Joan M.; Hawkes, L. First publication of the Geological Society. Nature, 149, 442, 555, 1942.

Downey, William (1803). An investigation of the properties of the Sanguinaria canadensis; or puc- coon. 34 p., 1 pl. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 9, 1907.

Merrill, E. D. A generally overlooked Rafinesque paper. Proceedings of the American Philo- sophical Society, 86, 72-90, 1942.

Merrill, E. D. Modern facsimile reproductions of rare technical publications. Science, 96, 180-81, 1942.

Apropos of RAFINESQUE: Autikon botanikon (1840), facsimile edition by Arnold Arboretum (1942) and other Rafinesque publications. G.S.

Peattie, Donald Culross. Forward the Nation. 281 p., 2 maps. New York, Putnam, 1942.

Beautifully written account of the LEWIS and CLARK expedition, with a generous tribute to the Indian girl, SACAJAWEA. Naturalists will enjoy it because of abundant and accurate observations concerning animals and plants, and poets will love it because it was written with sen- sitiveness and grace. G.S.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Carbonell, Diego. Etapas nosologicas del Liber- tador. Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de His- toria de la Medicina, aino 1940, p. 141-58, 1942.

Cook, S. F. FRANCISCO XAVIER BALMIS and the introduction of vaccination to Latin America. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 543-60; 12, 70-101, 1942.



XlXth (1) 257

Dawson, Percy M. Life and work of ERNST HEINRICH WEBER. Phi Beta Pi Quarterly, p. 1- 31, 3 port., May 1928.

Drake, T. G. H. The medical caricatures of THOMAS ROWLANDSON. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 323-35, 17 figs., 1942.

Elliott, J. H. On observation and interpretation. With special reference to THOMAS WINTER- BOTTOM. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 137-44, port., 1942.

Fischer, I. British medicine and the old Viennese school. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 174-81, 1942.

McFall, W. A. The life and times of Dr. CHRIS- TOPHER WIDMER. Annals of Medical History, 4, 324-34, 1942.

Middleton, William Shainline. JOSEPH PARISH, Quaker preceptor. Annals of Medical History, 4, 343-69, 5 fig., pl., 1942.

Naylor, Mildred V. SYLVESTER GRAHAM, 1794- 1851. Annals of Medical History, 4, 23640, 1942.

Paz Soldain, Carlos Enrique. JosE MANUEL VALDES, 1767-1843. 60 p., plates, facs. Appended to Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, aiio 1940, Lima 1942.

Paz Soldan, Carlos Enrique. La vida aventurera de ABEL VICTORINo BRANDIN, el introductor del sulfato de quinina en la America meridional. Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, afio 1940, 10-29, Lima 1942.

Postell, William Dosit6. A review of Louisiana medical literature, 1796-1843, the formative years. Annals of Medical History, 4, 207-18, 4 figs., 1942.

Proskauer, Curt. A civil ordinance of the year 1846 to combat phosphorus necrosis. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 561-75, facs., 1942.

Radbill, Samuel X. SAMUEL HENRY DICKSON, pioneer Southern medical educator. Annals of Medical History, 4, 3 82-89, 2 figs., 1942.

Rolleston, Sir Humphry. WILLIAM FREDERIC CHAMBERS. Annals of Medical History, 4, 89-94, port., 1942.

Rosen, George. Early medical photography. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1344-55, figs., 1942.

Royster, Hubert A. Typhoid fever in 1819. A clinical record of Dr. JEREMIAH BArrLE, of Raleigh, North Carolina. Annals of Medical History, 4, 114-21, 1942.

Sigerist, Henry E. An autograph letter of ALEX- ANDRE RICORD. Bulletin of the History of Medi- cine, 11, 475-77, 1942.

Singer, Charles. A great country doctor. FRANCIS ADAMS of Banchory (1796-1861). Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 1-17, 1 pl., 1942.

Smith, Peter (1753-1816). The Indian doctor's dispensatory, being Father SMITH'S advice re- specting diseases and their cure. 1812. With biography by JOHN URI LLOYD. 112 p. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 2, Cincinnati, 1901.

Facsimile of the first work on medicine published west of the Allegheny Mts., with biography.of the author. G.S.

Spector, Benjamin. Sir CHARLEs BELL and the Bridgewater Treatises. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 314-22, 1942.

Thau, William. PURKYNA. A pioneer in ophthal- moscopy. Archives of Ophthalmology, 27, 299- 316, 8 fig., 1942.

Thau, William. PURKYNE, a pioneer in psychology of sight and hearing. The Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Monthly, 20, 23745, 1941.

Thomson, Samuel (1769- ). Life and medical discoveries of SAMUEL THOMSON, and a history of the Thomsonian Materia Medica, as shown in "The New Guide to Health" (1835), and the literature of that day. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 11, port., pl. figs., iv+140 p. Cin- cinnati, 1909.

Thorington, J. Monroe. Four physician-ex- plorers of the fur trade days. Annals of Medical History, 4, 294-301, 6 figs., 1942.

Von der Becke, Alejandro. ARNOLDO ADOLFO BERTHOLD el iniciador del metodo experimental en endocrinologia. Revista Argentina de His- toria de la Medicina, 1, 59-67, 1942.

Young, Hugh H. In commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary of the first application of ether anesthesia. CRAWFORD W. LONG: the pioneer in ether anesthesia. Bulletin of the His- tory of Medicine, 12, 191-225, 22 figs. 1942.

E. ALIA

Gode-von Aesch, Alexander. Natural science in German Romanticism. xiv+302 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by FRANCIs R. JOHNSON, Isis, 34, 172-73, 1942,

Schelling, Friedrich. The ages of the world. xiii+251 p. Translated and edited by FREDERICK DE WOLFE BOLMAN, JR., with a foreword by



258 XIXth (1) to XIXth (2)

EDGAR S. BRIGHTMAN. New York, Columbia University Press, 1942 ($3.00).

FRIEDRICH WILHELM VON SCHELLING (1775-1854) is known to the philosophic world as the intellectual link between FICHTE and HEGEL. He was the most inveterate critic of the latter's dialectical method, and in the Ro- mantic period of German thought occupied a leading place as an exponent of the idealistic philosophy. But with the years he became more and more metaphysical and pro- nouncedly mystical. SCHELLING acknowledged his debt this way to PLOTINUS and the neo-Platonic tradition, as well as to SPINOZA, to whom, I suppose, HERDER had drawn his attention. In The ages of the world, which was left incomplete at SCHELLING'S death and subsequently published by his son, we have an example of his later style. It reminds me of nothing more nor less than a walk in the Scottish highlands, mostly mist and dense mystical fog, with a sudden emergence in a clear space, and then just as one is expecting the sun to break through one is plunged into deeper fog than ever before. I am afraid that Dr. BOLMAN does not succeed in dispelling any of the fog in his interesting introduction. Incidentally, there is a sympathetic account of SCHELLING'S first wife, CAROLINE SCHLEGEL (1763-1809), in Psychiatry, 5, 203-08, 1942, by LYDIA ELIZABETrH WAGNER.

SCHELLING's book can now be only of historical interest, it is certainly not worth reading for any other reason.

M.F.A.M.

XIXTH CENTURY (second half) B. PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

Cannizzaro, Stanislao. Alcune lettere inedite di STANISLAO CANNIZZARO ad ADOLF LIEBEN. ,4rcheion, 24, 19-21, 1942.

Compton, Karl T. ELIHU THOMSON, 1853-1937. Science, 95, 285-89, 1942.

Crew, Henry. RUDOLF JULIUS EMMANUEL CLAU- SIUS. Scripta Mathematica, 8, 111-13, 1 pl., 1941.

Denes, Michael. Sur 1'etablissement de la premiere loi de MAXWELL. Annales Guebhard-Se- verine, 16 et 17, p. 241-52, 1940-41.

Ewing, A. W. The man of room 40. The life of Sir ALFRED EWING. London, Hutchinson, 1939.

HADFIELD, ROBERT ABBOTT (1858-1940). Obit- uary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society, 18 p., port., 1941.

Kleinschmidt, Earl E. Meteorological, topo- graphical, and climatological studies of early Michigan sanitarians. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 161-73, 1942.

Koenig, F. 0. JOHN MAXSON STILLMAN (1852- 1923). Isis, 34, 142-46, 1 port., 1942.

Mercier, Robert. A propos de la premiere loi de MAXWELL. Annales Guebhard-Severine, 16 et 17, 252-58, 1940-41.

Nichols, John R. AMEDIE BOLLEE: pioneer of mechanical road locomotion. Transactions of the

Newcomen Society, 20, 93-112, 2 figs., 5 pl., 1941.

Pelseneer, Jean. ZENOBE GRAMME. Notice bio-bi- bliographique suivie de la description de la dynamo par son inventeur et d'autres documents. 81 p., port., 2 fig. Bruxelles, Office de Publicite, Collection nationale, no 6, 1941.

Nous n'avions jusqu' a present, sur l'inventeur de la dynamo, que des images d'EPINAL, s'il est permis de s'ex- primer ainsi. On ne semblait meme pas avoir pris la peine de consulter les quatre notes qui constituent tout l'oeuvre pubIiM par GRAMME de son vivant.

Les travaux originaux relatifs a la biographie proprement dite de GRAMME sont peu nombreux, mais des indications int6ressantes se rencontrent dans une litterature assez etendue. L'auteur de la presente biographie a non seule- ment depouiII cette litterature, mais il a egalement re- cherche les manuscrits, fort rares, car GRAMME 6tait presque illettre; il a pu aussi interroger les neveux de GRAMME, dont la figure assez exceptionnelle mais assurement fort attachante, est reconstituee, et dont le vrai visage apparatt ainsi pour la premi&e fois devant nous.

En appendice, I'auteur donne une bibliographie critique, et reproduit la breve serie de textes consacres par GRAMME a sa machine: si l'on fait abstraction d'un facheux ouvrage posthume, ce sont les oeuvres completes de GRAMME que l'on trouvera ici. Signalons, en passant, le grand int&ft que presente, au point de vue didactique, la premiere des quatre notes pr6sent6es par GRAMME A I'Acad6mie des Sciences de Paris: la description de la dynamo par son inventeur merite de remplacer, dans les ouvrages d'enseigne- ment, les descriptions de la machine de GRAMME dues a des auteurs qui ne soupqonnent pas 1'existence de cette note.

Enfin, le lecteur trouvera un choix de documents im- portants ou significatifs, relatifs a GRAMME mais souvent difficiles & se procurer: le rapport de MASCART pour l'attri- bution du prix Volta, un curieux article de PAUL JANSON, etc. ...

Romer, Alfred. The speculative history of atomic charges, 1873-1895. Isis, 33, 671-83, 1942.

Romer, Alfred. The experimental history of atomic charges, 1895-1903. Isis, 34, 150-61, 5 fig., 1942.

Thurston, A. P. Automatic control of flying machines. Transactions of the Newcomen So- ciety, 20, 151, 1 pl., 1941.

Apropos of HMRAM S. MAXIM (1840-1916).

C. NATURAL SCIENCES

Ackerknecht, Erwin H. In memory of WILLIAM H. R. RIVERS, 1864-1922. Bulletin of the His- tory of Medicine, 11, 478-81, 1942.

[Greene, Edward Lee] (1843-1915). Bibli- ography of his botanical writings by ELLEN D. KISTLER. Madrono, 3, 32848, 1936.

Gurtner, H. ETIENNE JULES MAREY and EDWARD MUYBRIDGE, pioneers in motion analysis. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1356-59, figs., 1942.



XlXth (2) 259

Keith, Sir Arthur. A postscript to DARWIN'S "formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms." Nature, 149, 716-20, 1 map, 1942.

Keith, Sir Arthur. Darwinian exhibition in Moscow. Nature, 150, 393-95, 1942.

Sarton, George. Second preface to Volume XXXIV. LESQUEREUX (1806-89). Isis, 34, 97- 108, 8 figs., 1942.

Wheat, Carl. The maps of the California gold region, 1848 to 1857. San Francisco, Grabhorn Press, 1942 ($20).

Willis, Bailey. American geology, 1850-1900. Science, 96, 167-72, 1942.

Willis, Bailey. American geology, 1850-1900. Proceedings of the American Philosophical So- ciety, 86, 3444, 1942.

WILSON, EDMUND BEECHER (1856-1942). Obit- uary by THOMAS HUNT MORGAN, Sctence, 96, 23942, 1942.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Bello, Eduardo. El Profesor LEONARDO VILLAR (1825-1900). Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, aiio 1940, p. 119-27, Lima 1942.

Dewing, Frances Rousmaniere. PASTEUR: a study in method. Scientific Monthly, 54, 529-36, 1942.

Gardner, Frances Tomlinson. King Cole ot California. Annals of Medical History, 2, 245- 58, 2 fig.; 319-42, 2 fig.; 43242, 1940.

Apropos of Dr. RIcHmAR BEVERLY COLE.

Gardner, Frances Tomlinson. The gold rush and a hospital. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 371-88, 1942.

Lee, Eleanor. History of the School of Nursing of the Presbyterian Hospital, New York, 1892- 1942. xiv+286 p., 57 illus., New York, Putnam, 1942.

"The matenral, arranged under ten main headings, has been gatherel from both personal reminiscences and scrap- books as well as articles on the Presbyterian School of Nursing which have appeared in print. Some of the phases covered are: the founding of the Training School for Nurses, nursing during the Spanish-American War, the rise of Visiting Nursing and Social Service, nursing during the first World War, the development of the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center and the Department of the Faculty of Medicine of Columbia University. Among the interesting features of this volume are a chronological list of events important in the development of the School, a list of the graduation speakers over this fifty-year period as well as the presidents of the Alumnae Association and a summary of the present occupations of the graduates of the School."

Lloyd, John Uri; Lloyd, Curtis Gates. Hy- drastis canadensis. Facsimile, reprint and illustrations of the article in Drugs and Medicines of North America 1884. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 10, 75-184, pl., figs., 1908.

McFarland, Joseph. Dr. JOSEPH LEIDY'S petri- fied lady. Rummaging in the Mutter Museum, of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. Annals of Medical History, 4, 268-75, 1 fig., 1942.

Naylor, Mildred V. HENRY LEBER CoIT: a biographical sketch. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 367-76, 1942.

Oliver, Wade Wright. The man who lived for tomorrow. A biography of WILLIAm HALLOCK PARK, M.D. 507 p., port. New York, Dutton, 1941.

Reviewed by MoRIus C. LEIKIND, his, 34, 3940, 1942. Paz Soldan, Carlos Enrique. Algunas cartas

ineditas para el epistolario de ANTONIO RAI- MONDI. Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de His- toria de la Medicina, aino 1940, p. 159-74, 1 facs., Lima 1942.

Paz Soldan, Carlos Enrique. La formacion de las matronas en la Escuela de heredia y la obra de CAMILO SEGURA. Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de 1a Medicina, anlo 1940, p. 75-106, Lima 1942.

Petrie, G. F. The scientific work of ELIE METCH- NIKOFF. Nature, 149, 54748, 1942.

Postell, William Dosit6. EDWARD HALL BAR- TON, sanitarian. A1nnals of Medical History, 4, 370-81, 2 figs., 1942.

Rordorf, Hartmann. Das schweizerische Apothe- ker-Studium vor 50 Jahren, 1883-1888. 62 p., figs. Gesellschaft fur Geschichte der Pharmazie (Introduction dated 1938; received July 1939).

Schlumberger, H. G. RUDOLF VIRCHow and the Franco-Prussian War. Annals of Medical His- tory, 4, 253-67, 5 figs., 1942.

Schlumberger, H. G. RUDOLF VIRCHow-revolu- tionist. An-nals of Medical History, 4, 147-53, port., 1942.

E. ALI

Barzun, Jacques. DARWIN, MARX, WAGNER: critique of a heritage. xii+420 p. (Atlantic Monthly Press Publication). Boston, Little, Brown, 1941.

Reviewed by CRANE BRINTON, Amtrican Historical Re- view, 47, 599-601, 1942.



260 XIXth (2) to XXth

Bevington, Merle Mowbray. The Saturday Re- view, 1855-1868. xi+415 p. New York, Colum- bia University Press, 1941. ($3.50).

The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Srt was unquestionably the weekly newspaper most representative of educated opinion in Victorian England. It was at its best from its commencement in 1855 to the death of its editor, JoHN DOUGLAS COOK, in 1868, and this is the period-a very important period in the history of English culture-of its life with which Dr. BEVINGTON deals most intensively in this admirable study of the paper. The book is extremely well organized and written, and the views of the almost invariably anonymous writers for the Saturday on politics, religion, morals and manners, prophets, literature, science, and the arts, are presented in a most readable manner. Not the least valuable part of the book is an ap- pendix on the authorship of articles. There is a good bibliography and an index.

It is sincerely hoped that Dr. BEVINGTON'S study will serve as a stimulus to, and a model for, future similar studies of newspapers and periodicals which have played a significant part in either moulding or expressing the thought of their time. M.F.A.M.

Brinton, Crane. NIETZSCHE. xvii+266 p. Cam- bridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by ASHLEY MONTAGU, Isis, 33, 716-18, 1942.

XXTH CENTURY

A. MATHEMATICS

Archibald, Raymond Clare. The New York mathematics tables project. Science, 96, 294- 96, 1942.

The Mathematical Tables Project of the WPA in New York City is the largest project of its kind ever attempted anywhere. Its organization opens a new era in mathematical enterprise. Until recently 350 computers (now reduced to 250) were at work at 70 Columbus Ave., New York City, in two shifts, 15 hours a day, 5 days of the week, com- piling mathematical tables. The two shifts were necessary in order to utilize more fully 150 machines. As to the achievements, read ARcHIBALD'S note. It is almost unbe- lievable. G.S.

Dresden, Arnold. The migration of mathematicians. American Mathematical Monthly, 49, 415-29, 1942.

Korn, Arthur. Some mathematical problems in early telegraphic transmission of pictures. Scripta Mathematica, 8, 93-97, 1941.

Neville, E. H. SRINIVASA RAMANUJAN. Nature, 149, 292-94, 1942.


Brearley, Harry. Knotted string: autobiography of a stell-maker. ix+198 p. London, Longmans, Green, 1941.

Reviewed by C. H. DESCH, Nature, 149, 397, 1942.

Feather, Norman. Lord RUTHERFORD. x+195 p., 8 pl. ("O.M." Series). London, Blackie, 1940.

Reviewed by H. R. ROBINSON, Nature, 147, 724-25, 1941.

[Miller, Dayton Clarence] (1866-1941). An- nutal Report of the Librarian of Congress for 1941, p. 121.

Dr. MILLER, physicist in the Case School, Cleveland, Ohio (Isis, 33, 342), has bequeathed to the Library of Congress his entire flute collection of ca. 1500 instruments and his large library of flute music and literature on the flute. G.S.

[Patterson, Thomas Stewart]. Special number of the Alchemist (vol. 17, June 1942, 20 p.) devoted to him.

Including editorial, many testimonials from friends, ad- mirers, colleagues, students; portrait, bibliography. A precious memento of a rich and devoted life. G.S.

Stine, Charles M. A. Molders of a better des- tiny. Science, 96, 305-11, 1942.

On chemical progress due to this war. G.S.

C. NATURAL SCIENCES

Montagu, M. F. Ashley. BRONISLAW MALINOW- SKI (1884-1942). Isis, 34, 146-50, 1942.

Peattie, Donald Culross. The road of a naturalist. 315 p. Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1941 ($3.00). This exquisitely wrought book is an autobiography of

the well-known nature writer, Mr. DONALD CULROSS PEArrIE. It is the most beautiful biography I have ever read, even though, at times, I found the rather ornate style somewhat disturbing. It is rather by the reflection of his thoughts from the experiences of which he writes, given back, as it were, by that nature with whose fabric Mr. PEArrIE has so closely identified himself, than by the direct statement that one comes to know the author. Mr. PEATTIE'S religion is nature, and it is of nature that he writes in this book, he himself figures in its pages only as an insignificant part of it. That we learn so much about him is entirely due to the fact that he has identified himself so closely with the processes of nature of which he writes, that when he writes of them he also writes of himself. The book is a delight from beginning to end, and I read it through in one sitting. There is much in the book to interest philosophers, or for that matter, any who gives thought to what has been called the human situation, and there are leads galore for a hundred books for any young man, or any old young man, with an eye to a dramatic situation of historic interest. PAUL LANDACRE'S woodcuts are particularly successful. M.F.A.M.

D. MEDICAL SCIENCES

Beltran, Juan Ramon. Historia de un error con- temporaneo. Revista Argentina de Historia de la Medicina, 1, 5-10, 1942.

Apropos of the therapeutic use of insulin in cancer.

Bowman, A. K. The life and teaching of Sir WILLIAM MACEWEN [1848-1924]. A chapter in the history of surgery. x+425 p., frontispiece. London, Hodge, 1942.

Faldini, Julio. ViCTOR PUTTI (1880-1940). El hombre, el sabio y el maestro. Anales de la Socie-



XXth to 2. Egypt 261

dad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, aiio 1940, p. 12840, Lima 1942.

Gandolfo, Carlos Fonso. Reflexiones que sugie- ren veinticinco anios de medico. Revista Argen- tina de Historia de la Medicina, 1, 11-32, 1942.

E. ALIA

Boyce, Gray Cowan. The legacy of HENRI PIRENNE. Byzanition, 15, 449-64, 1940-41.

Cattell, Jacques (editor). Directory of American Scholars. vii+928 p. Lancaster, Pa., Science Press, 1942.

"The Biographical Directory of American Scholars, a companion volume to American Men of Science and Leaders in Education, has long been pianned by the Science Press. The editorial work was started eleven years ago by J. MCKEEN CATrELL, but the work was dropped as it was felt at the time that it could not be done without a large financial investment. The culmination of the plans for such a Directory has been made possible by the American Council of Learned Societies through the generosity of the Carnegie Corporation."

As Dr. WALDO G. LELAND, Director of the American Council of Learned Societies, points out in his introduction to the present volume, information concerning workers in the humanities and social sciences, if available at all, has hitherto been restricted to membership lists of societies, or, in a few instances, to directories for single disciplines. The Biographical Directory, for so it is subtitled, now makes available between the covers of a single volume, the necessary information about practically all these workers, as well as about most other American workers who may be termed scholars. The term "scholar" has been broadly in- terpreted, "with the intention of giving mention to younger men and women who have given promise of future achievements, as well as to those whose attainments are already well demonstrated and widely known."

The volume is well bound in blue buckram, and fulfilling, as it does, a real need, is bound to be of great service, and widey used. M.F.A.M.

Drewry, Elizabeth B. Historical units of agen- cies of the first World War. Bulletins of the National Archives, no. 4, 61-91, 1942.

[Nilsson, Martin P.] Dragma Martino P. Nils- son dedicatum. 656 p., frontispiece, figs. Lund, Ohlsson, 1939.

Pitfield, Robert Lucas. The Shropshire lass and her goitre. Some account of MARY MEREDITH

WEBB and her works. Annals of Medical His- tory, 4, 284-93, 1942.

PART II HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHICAL

CLASSIFICATION

I. ANTIQUITY

1. ANTIQUITY (generalities) Clark, Grahame. Bees in antiquity. Antiquity,

16, 208-15, 1 fig., 1942.

Drabkin, Miriam. A select bibliography of Greek and Roman medicine. Bulletin of the History of Medicinre, 11, 399408, 1942.

Gaul, James H. Prehistoric metallurgy in the East Balkan peninsula. American Journal of Archaeology, 46, 400-09, map, 1942.

Hagen, Benno von. Die Pest im Altertum. 26 p. Jena, Fischer, 1939.

Jasny, N. Competition among grains in classical antiquity. American Historical Review, 47, 747- 64, 1942.

Martin, Richard A. Comparative chronology. Isis, 34, 164-65, 1 table, 1942.

Slotty, Friedrich. Die etruskischen Zahlw6rter. Archiv Orientalni, 9, 379404, 1937.

2. EGYPT

Bachatly, C. Bibliographie de la prehistoire egyp- tienne, 1869-1938. x+78 p. Cairo, Societe royale de Geographie d'Egypte, 1942.

Reviewed by L. V. GRINSELL, dntiquity, 16, 288, 1942.

Calderini, Aristide. Dizionario dei nomi geo- grafici e topografici dell' Egitto greco-romano. Vol. 1, fasc. 1, xii+216 p. Cairo, Societa Reale di Geografia d'Egitto, 1935.

Reviewed by JEAN SIMON, Orientalia, 6, 13242, 1937.

Ebbell, B. Agyptische anatomische Namen. Acta Orientalia, 15, 293-310, 1936.

Neugebauer, Otto. The chronology of the Ara- maic papyri from Elephantine. (Remarks about a new chronology proposed by A. KENNEY- HERBERT). Isis, 33, 575-78, 2 figs., 1942.

Petrie, Flinders (1853-1942). Wisdom of the Egyptians. xvi+162 p., 128 figs. (British School of Archaeology in Egypt). London, Quaritch, 1940.

I. Observational astronomy; II. Instrumental astronomy; III. Arithmetic and geometry; IV. Mathematical papyrus; V. Writing; VI. Drawing and design; VII. Musical instruments; VIII, Measures and weights; IX. Lighting; X. Building; XI. Mineralogy and chemistry; XII. Metal work- ing; XIII. Woodwork; XIV. Leather work; XV. Pottery; XVI. Agriculture; XVII. Transport.

Scott, Nora E. Egyptian cubit rods. Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, p. 70-75, 3 figs., 1942.

Smith, William Stevenson. Ancient Egypt as represented in the Museum of Fine Arts. 175 p., 117 figs. Boston, Museum of Fine Arts, 1942.

This is much more than a Museum catalogue. The Boston collection is so rich that its study is an excellent introduction to Egyptology. The lack of an index is inexcusable.

G.S.



262 2. Egypt to 6. Middle dges

Steindorff, George; Seele, Keith C. When Egypt ruled the East. xvi+284 p. Chicago, Uni- versity of Chicago Press, 1942.

Reviewed by THOMAS A. BRADY, Amnerican Historical Review, 48, 71-72, 1942.

Williamson, R. S. The Saqqara graph: its geo- metrical and architectural significance. Nature, 150, 460-61, 2 figs., 1942.

Winkler, Hans Alexander. Agyptische Volks- kunde. xx+509 p., 110 pl. Stuttgart, Kohl- hammer, 1936.

Reviewed by V. STECEMANN, Orientalia, 8. 200-3, 1939.

3. BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA

Boyer, Carl B. A vestige of Babylonian influence in thermometry. Science, 95, 553, 1942.

Gordon, Cyrus H. Aramaic and Mandaic magical bowls. Archiv Orientailni, 9, 84-106, 13 pl., 1937.

Gordon, Maurice Bear. The hippiatric texts from Ugarit. Annals of Medical History, 4, 406- 08, 1942.

Hirsch, Edwin W. Sex life in Babylonia. Chi- cago, Research Publications, 1941.

Reviewed in Annals of Medical History, 4, 247, 1942.

Lewy, Julius. The Assyrian calendar. Archiv Orientalni, 11, 3546, 1939.

4. GREECE

Dow, Sterling. Two families of Athenian physicians. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 18-26, 1942.

Gittler, Joseph B. Social thought among the early Greeks. xii+272 p. Athens, Ga., University of Georgia Press, 1941 ($3.00).

This volume is really an anthology of what the Greeks thought about various social problems which are of per- ennial interest. Each section is provided with an informative introduction, and there is a section of notes and an index. It may be noted here that the editor repeats the stereo- typed error of reading THEOCNIS'

With kine and horses, Kurnus! we proceed By reasonable rules, and choose a breed For profit and increase, at any price ...

(GAISFORD, 183-192) as if the poet were applying "the idea of eugenics to the perfection of the human race," whereas it is quite clear from the original, and from other contemporary sources, that THEOGNIS had no biological ideas in mind whatever, but purely cultural ones. It was DARWIN, I think, who started this misinterpretation on its way, and it is high time that it were corrected. M.F.A.M.

Gsell, Stephane. Connaissances geographiques des Grecs sur les cotes africaines de l'ocean. Memorial Henry Basset, vol. 1, p. 293-312, Paris, 1928.

Rostovtzeff, Michael. The social and economic history of the Hellenistic world. 3 vols. xxiv+ 1779 p., 112 pl. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1941.

Reviewed by MASON HAMMOND, Isis, 34, 173-74, 1942.

Thomas, Ivor (translator). Selections illustrating the history of Greek mathematics. With an English translation. I. From THALES to EUCLID. xvi+505 p., 1939; II. From ARISTARCHUS to PAPPUS, xii+683 p., 1941. (Loeb Classical Library). Cambridge, Harvard University Press.

Ver Eecke, Paul. Les opuscules mathematiques de DIDYME, DIOPHANE, et ANTHEMIUS, suivis du fragment mathematique de BOBBIO, traduits du grec en francais, avec une introduction et des notes. xxxii+70 p. Paris, Desclee de Brouwer, 1940.

Reviewed by AUBREY DILLER, Isis, 33, 639 40, 1942.

5. ROME

Gask, George E. Early medical schools. The school of medicine in Rome. Annals of Medical History, 3, 524-29, 1941.

Olivier, Eugene. L'alimentation d'Aventicum en eau. 72 p., 9 pl. Bull. Soc. neuchatel. getogr., 48, 1942. A.C.K.

Smythe, J. A. Roman pigs of lead from Brough. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 139-45, 1 pl., 1941.

Stein, Sir Aurel. Surveys on the Roman frontier in Iraq and Trans-Jordan. Geographical Jour- nal, 95, 428-38, 1940.

Wilson, Lillian May. The clothing of the ancient Romans. xiii+ 178 p. (Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies in Archaeology, 24). Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1938.

Reviewed by CATHARINE SAUNDERS, American journal of Philology, 62, 110-12, 1941.

II. MIDDLE AGES

6. MIDDLE AGES (generalities)

Buchthal, Hugo; Kurz, Otto. Hand list of illuminated Oriental Christian manuscripts. 120 p., frontispiece. London, Warburg Institute, 1942.

Hand list of Syriac, Arabic, Coptic, Nubian, Ethiopic, Armenian, and Georgian MSS., 555 items with literature relative to each. G.S.

Buttenwieser, Hilda. Popular authors of the Middle Ages: the testimony of the manuscripts. Speculum, 7, 50-55, 1942.

Clapham, J. H.; Power, Eileen. Cambridge economic history of Europe. Vol. I: The agra-



6. Middle Ages to 7. Byzantium 263

rian life of the Middle Ages. xvii+650 p. Cam- bridge, University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by GRAY C. BOYCE, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Philadelphia, March 1942.

Cresswell, J. R. Recent American scholasticism. Progress of Mediaeval and Renaissance Studies in the United States and Canada. Bulletin no. 17, 6-26, University of Colorado, 1942.

Drabkin, Miriam. Select pages from mediaeval medical manuscripts. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 409-36, 12 pl., 1942.

'This group of facsimiles of manuscript pages has been assembled to give students of medical history some practice in Latin palaeography. Examples have been chosen from important medical manuscripts in each of the Latin scripts in which medical works are most likely to be found."

Guiraud, Jean. Histoire de l'inquisition au moyen age. Vol. I. Origines de l'Inquisition dans le Midi de la France. Cathares et Vaudois. xlviii+ 428 p., 11 pl., 3 maps. 1935. Vol. II. L'Inquisi- tion au XIIIe siecle en France, en Espagne et en Italie. viii+601 p., 15 pl. Paris, Picard, 1938.

Hildburgh, W. L. Varieties of circumstantial evidence in the study of mediaeval enameling. Speculum, 17, 390-401, 1942.

Ker, Neil Ripley. Medieval libraries of Great Britain: a list of surviving books. xxiii+169 p. (Royal Historical Society guides and hand- books, no. 3). London, Royal Historical So- ciety, 1941.

Reviewed in The American Historical Review, 47, 666, 1942.

Kisch, Guido. Sachsenspiegel and Bible: Re- searches in the source history of the Sachsen- spiegel and the influence of the Bible on Mediaeval German law. ix+198 p., 14 pl. (Publications in Mediaeval Studies, 5). Notre Dame, Indiana, University of Notre Dame, 1941.

Reviewed by GRAY C. BOYCE, American Historical Re- view, 47, 83 1-33, 1942; by EDGAR N. JoHNSON, Speculum, 17, 422-24, 1942.

Lambrechts, Pierre. Les theses de HENRI PIRENNE sur la fin du monde antique et les debuts du moyen-age. Byzantion, 14, 513-36, 1939.

Reese, Gustave. Music in the Middle Ages. With an introduction on the music of ancient times. xvii+502 p., 8 pl. New York, Norton, 1940.


Ricci, Seymour de; Wilson, W. J. Census of medieval and Renaissance manuscripts in the United States and Canada. 3 vols. Vols. I-IL,

1935-37. xxiii+2343 p. Vol. III. Indices, 1940. vii+222 p. New York, Wilson, 193540.

Reviewed by G.S., Isis, 33, 719-20, 1942.

Sagui, C. L. Les batisseurs d'eglises du moyen age. (I maestri comacini). Isis, 33, 602-09, 3 figs., 1942.

Sigerist, Henry E. The Sphere of life and death in early mediaeval manuscripts. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 292-303, 4 fig., 1942.

Smalley, Beryl. The study of the Bible in the Middle Ages. xvi+295 p., 2 pl. Oxford, Claren- don Press, 1941.

Reviewed by M. L. W. LAISTNER, Speculurt, 17, 14648, 1942.

Thomson, S. Harrison. Progress of Medieval and Renaissance Studies in the United States and Canada. Bulletin no. 17. 131 p. University of Colorado, 1942.

Thorndike, Lynn; Kibre, Pearl. More incipits of mediaeval scientific writings in Latin. Specu- lum, 17, 342-66, 1942.

7. BYZANTIUM

Codellas, Pan S. The Pantocrator, the imperial Byzantine medical center of XIIth century A.D. in Constantinople. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 392410, 9 figs., 1942.

Apropos of the Pantocrator monastery founded by JOANNES II COMNENOS in 1136.

Dawkins, R. M. The monks of Athos. 408 p., ills. London, Allen and Unwin, 1936.

Reviewed by Father BASILE KRIVOCHEINE, a monk in the St. Panteleimon lavra, Mt. Athos, Byzantion, 14, 662- 68, 1939.

Gr6goire, Henri. DIGENIS AKRITAS. The By- zantine epic in history and poetry. With the collaboration of PANOS MORPHOPOULOS. Fore- words by RICHARD DAWKINs and GUSTAVE COHEN. Three original geographical drawings by ERNEST HONIGMANN. 38+336 p. (in Greek), 19 illus. New York, National Herald, 140 W. 26th St., 1942.

Elaborate study on the Byzantine folk epic, the first ten chapters of which were first published in the Greek newspaper Ethnikos Kiryx. It is significant that a study of such importance from the point of view of Greek literature should be published in America by one of the greatest Belgian scholars; it is even more significant that he should have written it in Greek. Incidentally, Prof. GRiGOIRE gives a splendid and admirable example to the American Hellenists, many of whom, though they may have enjoyed the inestimable privilege of residence in the school of Athens, have not yet woken up to the necessity of knowing modem Greek as well as possible. If a Greek started his study of English with CHAUCER without first trying to understand modem English he would be considered a fool;



264 7. Byzantium to 10. China

English speaking people who neglect the living Greek language are equally foolish (see Isis, 28, 573). To return to DIGENIS, this is a study not only of Byzantine literature but of comparative mediaeval literature, it concerns Slavonic scholars and Arabists as well as Byzantinists. GREGOIRE had pointed that out repeatedly in ZDMG and in his own Byzantion, and his book is now giving a demon- stration as complete as is possible today. I should have spoken of DIGENIS in vol. I of my Introduction for the same reasons that I spoke of the Chanson de Roland (XI-2) but was inhibited by chronological doubts. I hope that the American Greeks. a million strong, will appreciate GRE- GOIRE'S scholarship and generosity and give his book the warm welcome it deserves. G.S.

III. ORIENTAL SCIENCE AND CIVILIZA- TION

8. AsIA (generalities)

CENTRAL ASIA

Henning, W. B. Zum soghdischen Kalender. Orientalia, 8, 87-95, 1939.

Lentz, Wolfgang. Zeitrechnung in Nuristan und am Pamir. 211 p., 10 pl. (Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Jg. 1938, Phil.-hist. KI. Nr. 7). Berlin, de Gruyter.

Reviewed by ZAUN4ICK, Mitt. z. Gesch. d. Med., 39, 173, 1941.

Schubert, Johannes. Rol-pai-rdo-rje. Tibetische Nationalgrammatik. Das Sum-cu-pa und Rtags-kyi-ajug-pa des Grosslamas von Peking. Ein Kommentar zu den gleichnamigen Schriften THON MI SAMBHOTA'S auf Grund der Erklarung des Lamas CHOS SKYON BZAN Po, Lo Tsa Ba von Zha Lu. Mit tYbersetzung u. Anmerkungen versehen. 105 p. (Artibus Asiae, Supplementum primum). Leipzig, Hadl, 1937.

Reviewed by HELMUT HOFFMANN, OLZ, 42, 555-58, 1939.

EASTERN ASIA (including works relative to the whole of Buddhist Asia, or to India, Central

and Eastern Aiia combined)

[Asia]. Trilogie altindischer Machte und Feste der Vegetation. n.d. epilogue dated 25th April, 1937. xii+238 p. (Kama)+267 p. (Bali)+339 p. (Indra) in one volume. Zurich, Niehans, 1937.

Reviewed by J. L. MYRES, lournal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 2%, 1939.

Laubie, Yves. Tablette divinatoire et ideo- grammes a Nghia-lo. Bulletin de l'Ecole Frani- paise d'ExtreAme Orient, 38, 296-305, 6 fig., 1940.

Levy, Paul. Notes de paleo-ethnologie indochi- noise. I. Sur une representation primitive de la charrue. Bulletin de l'Ecole Francaise d'Extre^ne Orient, 37, 479-86, 1 pl., 3 fig., 1938.

9. INDIA

Brown, W. Norman. Manuscript illustrations of the Uttaradhyayana siutra. Reproduced and de- scribed. xiv+54 p., 150 fig., 46 pl. (American Oriental Series, 21). New Haven, American Oriental Society, 1941.

Reviewed by ALVAN C. EASTMAN, Journal of the Ameri- can Oriental Society, 62, 77-80, 1942.

Coomaraswamy, Ananda K. Atmayajiia, self-sacrifice. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 6, 358-98, 1942.

Coomaraswamy, Ananda K. Horse-riding in the 1Rgveda and Atharvaveda. Journal of the Ameri- can Oriental Society, 62, 13940, 1942.

Coomaraswamy, Ananda K. Spiritual authority and temporal power in the Indian theory of government. 87 p., frontispiece. (American Ori- ental Series, 22). New Haven, American Ori- ental Society, 1942 ($1.75).

Elaborate study of the Hindu idea of sovereignty with an abundance of references to the Sanskrit sources. G.S.

Das, Sukumar Ranjan. The Naksatras or the constellations in Jaina astronomy. JHA Com- memoration volume, Essays on oriental subjects, p. 129-38, Poona, 1937.

Ray, Dhirendra Nath. The principle of trido~a in Ayurveda. 16+188 p. in English; 168+iv p. in Sanskrit. (The Sir J. C. Bose prize monograph of the University of Madras). Calcutta, Banerjee, 1937.


Ross, Alan C. The "numeral-signs" of the Mo- henjo-Daro script. Memoirs of the Archaeo- logical Survey of India, no 57, 23 p., 11 pl., 1938.

Reviewed by PIERRE DUPONT, Bulletin de PEcole Fran- Caise d'Extreme Orient, 38, 328-30, 1940.

Ruben, Walter. Eisenschmiede und Damonen in Indien. Ergebnisse einer Reise, die mit Unter- stiitzung des Forschungs-Institutes fur Kultur- morphologie in Frankfurt a.M. und des Tiirki- schen Unterrichtsministeriums durchgefiihrt wurde. xx+306 p., 33 pl. Leiden, Brill, 1939.

Vats, Madhu Sarup. Excavations at Harappa: being an account of archaeological excavations carried out at Harappa between the years 1920- 21 and 1933-34. xv+488 p., 139 pl. Delhi, 1940.

Reviewed by V. GORDON CHILDE, Antiquity, 15, 292- 95, 1941.

10. CHINA

Bishop, Carl Whiting. Origin of the Far Eastern civilizations: a brief handbook. 53 p., 21 fig.,



10. China to 11. Japan 265

12 pl. (Smithsonian Institution, War Back- ground Studies, 1). Washington, D. C., 1942.

Bodde, Derk. Early references to tea drinking in China. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 62, 74-76, 1942.

Chang, Y. Z. China and English Civil Service Reform. American Historical Review, 47, 539- 44, 1942.

[China]. Chinese gazetteers. Isis, 34, 29, 1942. [China]. Chinese Medical History Society. Isis,

34, 28-29, 1942. Fung Yu-lan. The rise of neo-Confucianism and

its borrowings from Buddhism and Taoism. Translated by DERK BODDE. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 7, 89-125, 1942.

Goodrich, L. Carrington; Wilbur, C. Martin. Additional notes on tea. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 62, 195-97, 1942.

Goodrich, L. Carrington. The revolving book-case in China. Harvard journal of Asiatic Studies, 7, 130-62, 10 figs., 1942.

The invention is ascribed to Fu Hsi, who flourished in the first half of the sixth century. GOODRICH has traced the literary evidence back to 955. Among the conclusions of his very elaborate study we may quote: "a. The revolving book-case in China was monumental. There seems to be no record of a miniature item of furniture so common with us. b. It was generally octagonal, although ENNIN wrote of one with six sides, and YEH MENG-TEf of several with four. c. Throughout history it was associated with the housing of the Buddhist Tripitaka, and seems further to be found almost exclusively in temples of the Ch'an sect."

Goodrich, L. Carrington. Snuff in China. China, 18, 12-14, fig., New York, 1942.

Herrmann, Albert. Das Land der Seide und Tibet im Lichte der Antike. ix+ 178 p., 9 pl. (Quellen und Forschungen zur Geschichte der Geographie und Volkerkunde, 1). Leipzig, Koehler, 1938.

Reviewed by R. STEIN, Bulletin de l'Ecole Franfaise d'Extrime Orient, 40, 456-60, 1940.

Hopkins, L. C. Sunlight and moonshine. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, pt. 2, 102-10, 1 pl., 1942.

Apropos of a work by Kuo Mo-jo. 'The author claims to have detected on the Honan Bones the records of certain Lunar eclipses embodied in a phrase of two char- acters, the second of which has hitherto been undeciphered, while the first is, as he believes, the character for moon. The fact that he has not found any similar mention of a Solar eclipse has induced him to account for this absence by a passage which before we go further, deserves translation."

Lowdermilk W. C.; Wickes, D. R. Ancient irrigation in China brought up to date. Scien- tific Monthy, 55, 209-25, 1942.

The history of an irrigation project in the Wei River valley begun in 246 B.C. and recently restored. The ero-

sion of the highlands continually silted up the canals. The fight againt silt has been a losing one for 2,000 years.

C.Z.

Priest, Alan. Phoenix in fact and fancy. Metro- politan Museum of Art Bulletin, 1, 97-101, ills., 1942.

Teggart, Frederick J. Rome and China: a study of correlations in historical events. xvii+283 p., 14 maps. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1939.

Reviewed by WV. PERCEVAL YETrS, lournal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 52-53, 1942.

Wu, G. D. Prehistoric pottery in China. xi+180 p., 67 figs., maps, tables. London, Kegan Paul, 1938 (21 s.). The author, member of the Academia Sinica, discovered

the Black Pottery culture in 1929. The aim of his book "is to make a systematic study of prehistoric pottery in China in order to formulate a chronological sequence of prehistoric sites. Part I describes the scope of the study and the methods used, and sums up the results of recent discoveries of ancient sites. Part II contains the description and analysis of the pottery finds included in seven provincial groups: Northern Honan, Western Honan, Shan- tung, Shansi, Shensi, Kansu, and Southern Manchuria. The studies are based on seven selected characteristics, namely colour, shape, material, thickness, technique, surface, and decoration. An account is given of the various early techniques peculiar to China, such as the methods of moulding and beating and of trimming on the turn-table, or burnishing on the wheel. None of these techniques has hitherto been properly explained. As a result of this analysis it is made possible to arrange the various sites in each provincial group in a chronological sequence. In Part III comparisons are made between the provincial groups. All the provinces west of Honan are found to share similar characteristics in prehistoric periods, such as the red colour, the medium thickness of the wall, the polishing of the surface, the hand-modelling technique, and the painting of designs. Honan and Shantung have shared, since the Black Pottery period, similar characteristics, such as the black colour, the thinness of the wall, the wheel-technique, the burnishing of the surface, and the absence of decoration. Southern Manchuria has certain characteristics, such as the black colour and the wheel-technique, similar to those of Honan and Shantung since the Black Pottery period. The conclusion reached from these comparisons is that each characteristic underwent a certain change in a certain order of time. Part IV is a summary of the de- scriptive and comparative studies leading up to a division of all the prehistoric wares into six classes. Part V explains the chronological sequence of the prehistoric sites."

Yao Shan-yu. The chronological and seasonal distribution of floods and droughts in Chinese history, 206 B.C.-A.D. 1911. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 6, 273-312, 1942.

1 1. JAPAN

Boots, Mrs. J. L. Korean musical instruments and an introduction to Korean music. Trans- actions of the Korea Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 30, 1-32, 37 pl., Seoul, 1940.



266 11. Japan to 14. Islam

Bromehead, C. N. Ancient mining processes, as illustrated by a Japanese scroll. Antiquity, 16, 193-207, 2 plates, 1942.

12. ISRAEL (including works devoted to Palestine)

Friedenwald, Harry. Apologetic works of Jewish physicians. Chapter XII. Jewish Quarterly Re- view, 32, 407-26, 1942.

Gordon, Benjamin Lee. Medicine among the ancient Hebrews. Annals of Medical History, 4, 219-35, 1942.

Guillaume, Alfred. Magical terms in the Old Testament. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, pt. 2, 111-31, 1942.

"The following study of some Hebrew words of magical import is a sequel to my 'Prophecy and Divination' (1938). Its purpose is to supply philological evidence for the existence of sorcery and magic in Israel."

Liebermann, Saul. Shkiin. A few words on some Jewish legends, customs, and literary sources found in Karaite and Christian works. (Includ- ing an index of the Jewish books cited in Pugio fidei of RAYMOND MARTINI.) In Hebrew, with English summary. Jerusalem, Bamberger and Wahrmann, 1939.

Reviewed by B.L., Bulletin of the School of Oriental and Alfrican Studits, University of London, 10, 803, 1940.

McCown, Theodore D.; Keith, Sir Arthur. The stone age of Mount Carmel. Volume II: The fossil human remains from the Leval- loiso-Mousterian. xxiv+390 p., 29 pl., 247 figs. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1939.

Reviewed by C. F. C. HAwxCEs, Antiquity, 16, 28144, 1942.

Meyer, Hershel (editor). Medical Leaves, a review of the Jewish medical world and medical history. Vol. IV. Chicago, Medical Leaves, 1942.


Oesterley, W. 0. E. The Jews and Judaism during the Greek period. x+307 p. London, S. P. C. K., 1941 ($2.60).

Twice in their long historical past did the Jews bow before a superior foreign culture and did not have to regret it. They did not become poorer but richer by it, their own civilization profited and their own spiritual life became more abundant. This happened when they clashed with the Babylonians in antiquity and with the Muslim Arabs in the Middle Ages. Once, however, when they met with the great and rich Hellenistic culture which came into efflorescence after the conquests of ALEXANDER THE GREAT, they refused to bow and to acknowledge its superiority. The Jews insisted that they, too, have a message to preach and a lesson to teach. It is true the Jews of the Dispersion adopted the international tongue of Greece, but instead of translating PLATO and ARIsrOTLE into Hebrew, they chose to render their own Bible into Greek and, for good measure, they added to it the literature of the Apocrypha and Apocalypses. The Gentiles were at first shocked and startled

by this sudden impact of an alien philosophy, then they became curious and interested, and then they began to understand and sympathize, and finally they bowed before the new spiritual power. This was the birth of Christianity. And there are those who believe that the Gentiles, too, do not have to regret it, for they did not become poorer but richer by it, their own spiritual life became more noble and more abundant.

How all this came about and why it came about and which were the fundamental doctrines and institutions in Judaism of the Greek period (c. 300 B.C. till the beginning of our era) which were adopted by early Christianity is the main burden of OESTERLEY'S new book. Theologians as well as historians, Christians as well as Jews will read this attractive book with great interest and profit. For it gives an admirable description of this phase of Judaism which led to the rise of a new religion and a new philosophy of life, destined to exert the most powerful influence upon the rise of the new Christian European civilization which is now threatened to be destroyed and submerged by the surge of a new flood of barbarism and savagery.

SOLOMON GANDZ

Pfeiffer, Robert H. Introduction to the Old Testament. xiii+917 p. New York, Harper, 1941.

Reviewed by SOLOMON GANDZ, Isis, 34, 38-39, 1942.

13. IRAN

Arberry, Arthur J. British contributions to Per- sian studies. 32 p., illustrated. London, Long- mans Green, 1942.

Gordon, Maurice B. Popular medicine in Sasa- nian Babylonia. Annals of Medical History, 4, 24145, 2 figs., 1942.

Stein, Sir M. Aurel. Old routes of Western Iran. xxviii+432 p., pls., figs., maps. London, Mac- millan, 1940.

Reviewed by P. M. SYxEs, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, p. 367-71, 1941.

14. ISLAM (also Arabia)

Addison, James Thayer. The Christian approach to the Moslem. A historical study. x+365 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1942.

Very well documented history of Christian missionary efforts in the Islamic world down to 1939, or for Roman Catholic efforts down to 1800. G.S.

[Asin Palacios, Miguel]. En la jubilacion de Don Miguel As!n. By EMILIo GARcIA G6MEZ. Al-Andalus, 6, 265-70, port., 1941.

Balister, Sidney. A Scottish admirer of Ottoman poetry: E. J. W. GIBB. Asiatic Review, 38, 314- 17, 1 pl., 1942.

Britton, Nancy Pence. A study of some early Islamic textiles. 89 p., 100 ills. Boston, Museum of Fine Arts, 1938.

Reviewed by G. M. CROwFOar, Antiquity, p. 183-85, 1942.



14. Islam 267

Brunot, L. Le moulin 'a manege a Rabat-Sale. Memorial Henri Basset, vol. 1, p. 91-116, 4 fig., Paris, 1928.

Day, Florence E. Early Islamic and Christian lamps. Berytus, 7, 65-79, 6 pls., 1942.

Dimand, M. S. Two Abbasid straw mats made in Palestine. Metropolitan Museum of Art Bul- letin, p. 76-79, 2 figs., 1942.

Farmer, Henry. Arabic influences on Spanish music. Arabic listener (organ of the Arabic B.B.C.) vol. 3, no. 14, October 21, 1942, p. 13- 14 (in Arabic). The author, who is at present the outstanding authority

on the subject, has written this short article in order to refute the anti-Arabic statements of the Hungarian musi- cians, BELA BARTOK and KODALY, and of the Spanish ones, PEDRELL and FALLA. These critics can be divided into two schools. PEDRELL denies any kind of Arabic influence; FALLA admits the possibility of Arabic influence via the Gypsies. As explained in Isis (vol. 34, 184), the subject is full of difficulties. Let us hope that FARMER will devote a special treatise to it and give us a complete proof of the Arabic influences upon Western music. G.S.

Glidden, Harold W. A comparative study of the Arabic nautical vocabulary from al-'Aqabah, Transjordan. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 62, 68-72, 1942.

Khairallah, Amin A. Arabic contributions to anatomy and surgery. Annals of Medical His- tory, 4, 409-15, 2 figs., 1942.

Khan, Mohd. A. R. Need for better co-operation between Oriental scientists and Arabic scholars. Hyderabad Academy, Studies no. 3, 103-08, 1941.

Kutsch, Wilhelm. Zur Geschichte der syrisch-arabischen tYbersetzungsliteratur. Orientalia, 6, 68- 82, 1937.

Apropos of JAROSLAUS TKATScH's great work on the translation of ARISTOTLE'S Poetics (1928, 1932).

Lewis, Bernard. British contributions to Arabic studies. Preface by A. J. ARBERRY. 29 p., 8 figs. London, Longmans, Green, 1941 (1 s.).

Mayer, Claudius F. The collection of Arabic medical literature in the Army Medical Library, with a checklist of Arabic manuscripts. Bulletin of the History of Afedicine, 11, 201-16, 1942.

McPherson, J. W. The moulids of Egypt. (Egyp- tian Saints days). Foreword by E. E. EVANS- PRITCHARD. xiv+351 p., figs. Cairo, N. M. Press, 1941.

Bimbashi MCPHERSON (b. 1866) is said to have published an English-Arabic Vocabulary of scientific terms, but that work is not available to me. His book on the religious festivals of Egypt will interest historians of comparative religion, for it includes many examples of religious

syncretism. The most popular mawlid (next to that of the Prophet), that of Sayid Ahmad al-Badawl in Tanta, may be partly a revival of the festival of Show. Many mawilid are celebrated by the Copts as well as by the Muslims, and what is even more remarkable their date is determined by the Coptic (solar) calendar, not by the Muslim (lunar) one. See (p. 181) the note by Dr. PAPPALEXIS on the mawlid of the prophet Daniel in Alexandria, in which Judaic and Byzantine elements are combined with the Islamic ones. This book is valuable because it contains much information on vanishing customs. The illustrations are interesting but very poorly printed; they can do much better than that in Egypt, witness their illustrated maga- zines. G.S.

Meyerhof, Max. Voraussetzungen und Anfinge der arabischen Heilmittellehre; Die Heilmit- tellehre in der Bliitezeit der arabischen Medizin; Zur arabischen Heilmittellehre in Nordafrika, Sizilien und auf der Iberischen Halbinsel; Die Quellen zur Geschichte der arabischen Medizin. Ciba Zeitschrift, 8, (Die literarischen Grund- lagen der arabischen Heilmittellehre), p. 2961- 88, 1942.

Millas Vallicrosa, Jose M. Un amuleto musulman de origen aragones. Al-A ndalus, 6, 317-26, 2 figs., 1941.

Nallino, Carlo Alfonso (1872-1938). Raccolta di scritti editi e inediti. Vol. I: L'Arabia Sa'ufdi- ana (1938), ed. MARIA NALLINO. xii+303 p. ill., maps. Rome, Istituto per l'Oriente, 1939.

Reviewed by GEORGE RENTZ, Isis, 34, 177, 1942.

Renaud, H. P. J. Orientation du mihrab dans les mosquees. Isis, 34, 24, 1942.

Renaud, H. P. J. Quelques constructeurs d'astro- labes en occident musulman. Isis, 34, 20-23, 1 fig., 1942.

Renaud, H. P. J. Les manuscrits arabes de l'Es- curial, decrits d'apres les notes de HARTWIG DERENBOURG, revues et completees. Tome II, fascicule 2, Medecine et histoire naturelle. xi+ 124 p. (Publications de l'Ecole nationale des langues orientales vivantes, VIe serie, vol. V). Paris, Geuthner, 1941.

Reviewed by GEORGE SARTON, Isis, 34, 34-35, 1 facs., 1942.

Taqizadeh, S. H. Various eras and calendars used in the countries of Islam. Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies (University of Lon- don), 10, 107-32, 1939 (continued from vol. 9, 922).

IV. NEW WORLD AND AFRICA

(a) AMERICA

Densmore, Frances. The study of Indian music. A4nnual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1941, p. 527-50, 6 pls., Washington, D. C., 1942.



268 New World

Fenton, William N. Contacts between Iroquois herbalism and colonial medicine. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1941, p. 503- 26, 5 pl., Washington, D. C., 1942.

Fenton, William N. Iroquois suicide: a study in the stability of a culture pattern. (Smithsonian Institution, Anthropological Papers, no. 14). Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 128, 80-137, 1941.

Devereux, George. Primitive psychiatry II. III. Funeral suicide and the Mohave social structure. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 52242, 1942.

Lastres, Juan B. Terremotos, hospitales y epi- demias de la Lima colonial. Anales de la So- ciedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, aflo 1940, p. 30-41, Lima, 1942.

Lopez, Lizardo Ve1ez. Apuntes para la historia medico-quirurgica de los Yungas. Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, anio 1940, p. 58-63, 14 fig., Lima, 1942.

McGregor, John C. Southwestern archaeology. x+403 p. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1941 ($5.00). The Southwest of North America is archaeologically a

key area in the problem of the history of the culture and migrations of the prehistoric populations of the Americas. The history of the opening up of this subject is itself a fascinating field, and in the present volume Mr. McGREGOR for the first time presents "an organized framework upon which the individual interested in Southwestern archaeology may build." Actually the book will be indispensable to anyone wishing to gain some knowledge of the prehistory of the Americas, for it is rich in facts and in the special bibliographies which will lead the interested reader to the basic source materials. The book is well illustrated, there is a good general bibliography and an index. M.F.A.M.

Marroquin, Jose. La medicina indigena Puneiia. Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, aiio 1940, p. 42-57, Lima, 1942.

Morris, Earl H.; Burgh, Robert F. Anasazi basketry. Basket maker II through Pueblo III ... A study based on specimens from the San Juan River country. viii+66 p., frontispiece, 43 figs., map. (Publication 533). Washington, D. C., Carnegie Institution, 1941.

Roberts, Frank H. H., Jr. Archeological and geological investigations in the San Jon district, Eastern New Mexico. 30 p., 9 pls. (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 103, no. 4). Washington, D. C., 1942.

Speck, Frank G. Art processes in birchbark of the River Desert Algonquin, a circumboreal trait. (Smithsonian Institution, Anthropological papers, no. 17). Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 128, 231-74, 1941.

Stirling, M. W. Snake bites and the Hopi snake dance. Annual Report of the Smithsonian In- stitution for 1941, p. 551-55, 1 pl. Washington, D. C., 1942.

Whorf, Benjamin Lee ( -1941). Decipher- ment of the linguistic portion of the Maya hiero- glyphs. Annual Report of the Smithsonian In- stitution for 1941, p. 479-502, 4 fig., Washington, D. C., 1942.

Wissler, Clark. The American Indian and the American Philosophical Society. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 189-204, 1942.

(b) OCEANIA

Krieger, Herbert W. Peoples of the Philippines. iv+86 p., 24 pls., 4 maps. Smithsonian Institu- tion, War Background Studies, no. 4, Washing- ton, D. C., 1942.

Whiting, John W. M. Becoming a Kwoma. xix+ 226 p. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1941 ($2.75).

A valuable study of a New Guinea tribe in which the processes of socializing the child, teaching and learning, are particularly analyzed. M.F.A.M.

(c) AFRICA (outside Egypt and Islam)

Harley, George Way. Native African medicine. xvi+294 p. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by M. F. ASHLEY MONTAGU, Isis, 34, 187-89, 1942.

Wulsin, Frederick R. The prehistoric archaeology of Northwest Africa. 173 p., 92 illus. (Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard Univer- sity, vol. 19). Cambridge, Mass., 1941.

Reviewed by D. A. E. GARROD, Antiquity, 16, 286-88, 1942.

PART III

SYSTEMATIC CLASSIFICATION

I. SCIENCE IN GENERAL

16. HISTORY OF SCIENCE

[American Philosophical Society]. The early history of science and learning in America. Pro- ceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, no. 1, iv+204 p., figs., 1942.

This whole no. 1 of vol. 86 is devoted to the history of American science. The individual papers are listed in this bibliography each in its proper place. The APS deserves congratulations for this happy initiative. G.S



16. History of Science to 17. Organization of Science 269

Baitsell, George A. (editor). Science in progress. xv+322 p. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1942 ($3.00).

This is the third series of Sigma Xi national lecture. ships published under the general title Science in Progress. The present volume consists of the following contributions: Galaxies, HARLOW SHAPLEY; The problem of the expand- ing universe, EDWIN HUBBLE; Energy production in stars, HANs A. BETHE; Image formation by electrons, V. K. ZWORYKIN; Recent work in the field of high pressures, P. W. BRIDGMAN; Recent developments in power generation, LIONEL S. MARKS; Some fundamental aspects of photo- synthesis, JAMEs FRANCK; The mode of action of sulfa- nilimide, PERuN H. LONG; Some scientific aspects of the synthetic rubber problem, HERMANN MARK. The references to each chapter are printed at the back of the book, there is an index, and 112 illustrations. This volume maintains the high standard of the preceding ones, and we hope that each year we shall be given another. Would it be out of place here to suggest that some day a group of national lectureships be organized about the social sciences?

M.F.A.M.

Dampier, Sir William Cecil. A history of science and its relations with philosophy and religion. 3rd edition, revised and enlarged. xxiii+574 p. Cambridge University Press, 1942.

Reviewed by A. D. RITCHIE, Nature, 150, 4-5, 1942.

Durand, Dana B. Magic and experimental science. The achievement of LYNN THORNDIKE.

Isis, 33, 691-712, 1942. Fueter, Eduard. Geschichte der exakten Wissen-

schaften in der schweizerischen Aufklarung, 1680-1780. xvi+336 p., ill., 8 pl. (Veroffent- lichungen d. schweizerischen Gesellschaft f. Geschichte d. Medizin u. d. Naturwissen- schaften, 12). Aarau, Sauerlander, 1941.

Reviewed by A. C. KLEBS, Isis, 34, 32-33, 1942.

Gregoire, Henri. George Sarton, the scientist and scholar. Belgium, 3, 352-55, 1942.

Biographical sketch with portrait.

Gregory, Sir Richard. Science in Britain. Science, 96, 213-15, 1942.

Revilliod, Pierre. Physiciens et naturalistes gene- vois. PubL. a l'occasion du 2me millenaire de Geneve. 55 p., 10 pl. Geneve, Kundig, 1942.

A.C.K.

Sarton, George. Sixty-second Critical Bibli- ography of the history and philosophy of science and of the history of civilization (to April 1942). Isis, 34, 42-94, 1942.

Sarton, George; Zirkle, Conway. 0 columns! Isis, 34, 34, 1942.

Explaining the need of printing Isis in two-columned pages. With technical note by CONWAY ZIRKLE.

Schurmann, Paul F. En feuilletant l'histoire des sciences. L'evolution de l'esprit scientifique. 40 p. Montevideo, Urta y Curbelo, 1942.

Singer, Charles. A short history of science to the nineteenth century. xiv+399 p., 94 ills. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1941.

Reviewed by I. BERNARD COHEN and CHARLES A. KOFOID, Isis, 34, 17740, 1942.

Thompson, D'Ar?y Wentworth. The history of science in Scotland. 39 p. (Scotland and its people. No. 5). Edinburgh, St. Andrews Univer- sity, 1942.

An account of the scientific achievements of Scotland by the Nestor of Scotch scientists, who unfortunately could not include himself in the account and thus left it incomplete. In the end chronology from NAPIER to THOMAS MUIR. G.S.

Vera, Francesco. Historia de la ciencia. Iberia: Joaquin Gil. xvi+684 p. Barcelona, Muntaner, 1937 (30 pesetas).

This work covers the entire field of the sciences and also includes some material on inventions and industry. It falls into three main parts, ancient science, the eman- cipation of scientific thinking, and modern science, with subdivisions dealing with the more important periods. The treatment is topical by subject rather than biographical. The physical sciences are well represented, the natural sciences less fully, and medicine only incidentally.

This work is valuable for an ampler treatment than is usually accorded to Spanish and Moorish writers in histories of science. A valuable instance is that of FELIX DE AZARA, who in his Histoire Naturelle des Quadruphdes de la Province du Paraguay (1801) set fortlh the idea of variation, overpopulation, struggle for existence, and sur- vival of the fittest, thus anticipating DARWIN'S theory of natural selection, an anticipation generally overlooked. There is an ample index of 47 pages and bibliographies at the end of each chapter. C.A.K.

17. ORGANIZATION OF SCIENCE

(Internal organization is meant, see Isis, 1, 195. For external organization, national or inter-

national, see section 55).

Gregory, Sir Richard. The commonwealth of science. Isis, 34, 27-28, 1942.

Reprinted, with kind permission, from Nature, 148, 393.

Krieghbaum, Hillier. American newspaper re- porting of science news. Kansas State College Bulletin, vol. Z5, no. 5, 73 p., pl., 1941.

Excellent account of the popularization of science in American newspapers which has made enormous progress during the last twenty years. G.S.

Thomas, W. Stephen. The amateur scientist. Science as a hobby. 291 p., 16 illus. New York, Norton, 1942 ($3.00)

A timely book explaining how much useful work can be done by amateurs and the multiple value of such work for the community. Contents: 1. Science and ourselves; 2. Science as a hobby; 3. Who is the amateur scientist? 4. The amateur scientist and the community; 5. Organiza- tions of amateur scientists; 6. Research and the amateur scientist; 7. Sample programs for amateur research; 8. The



270 17. Organization of Science to 20. Mathematics

amateur scientist and the future. The book is largely centered on Philadelphia but will appeal to Americans everywhere. Its author is Executive Secretary of the Com- mittee on Education and Participation in Science of the American Philosophical Society. A few well chosen illustrations help to drive the message home. Considering the purpose, the price of the book has been set too high. G.S.

18. PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Anshen, Ruth Nanda (editor). Science and man. viii+494 p. New York, Harcourt Brace, 1942 ($4.00).

Mrs. ANSHEN has already put us in her debt with her book on Freedom in which she collected together forty-two contributions from eminent authorities who wrote on that subject. In the present volume there are twenty-four contributions, as follows: R. N. ANSHEN, Man as an element of every experiment; A. HRDLICKA, The problem of human evolution; R. NIEBUHR, Religion and action; J. MARrrAIN, Science and wisdom; A. E. COHN, No retreat from reason; A. H. COMPTON, Thne purpose of science; W. KAEMPFFERT, Science, the machine and democracy; J. T. SHorWELL, Mechanism and culture; H. C. UREY, The position of science in modern industry; K. KOFFKA, The psychologist among the scientists; B. BLANSHARD, Fact, value, and science; B. MALINOWSKI, The scientific approach to the study of man; C. L. BECKER, The function of the social sciences; J. HUXLEY, Science, natural and social; W. B. CANNON, The body physiologic and the body politic; K. T. ComP- TON, Man and technology; F. H. KNIGHT, Fact and value in social science; L. MUMFORD, Looking forward; P. C. JESSUP, International law and totalitarian war; H. KELSEN, Conditions of international .justice; H. D. LASSWELL, The commonwealth of science; J. PIAGET, Intellectual evolution; C. J. JUNG, Human behavior; E. G. CONKLIN, Science and ethics; R. B. PERRY, The science of value and the value of science; R. N. ANSHEN, Man, the microcosm. There is a list of contributors, and an index.

It need hardly be said that where there is so much excellence it would be invidious to say more than that there are very good things in this book. Highly recommendable reading. M.F.A.M.

Bowyer, William. Brought out in evidence. An autobiographical summing-up. 424 p. London, Faber and Faber, 1941.

Reviewed by W. G. DE BURGH, Nature, 149, 315-16, 1942.

Compton, Arthur H. The human meaning of science. (John Calvin McNair Lectures). xiv+ 88 p. Chapel Hill, N. C., University of North Carolina Press, 1940.

Reviewed by NV. R. 'MATTIIEws, Nature, 150, 130-31, 1942.

Denti, M. A. Scienza e filosofia in MEYERSON. Prefazione di A. BANFI. xxviii+376 p. Firenze, La Nuova Italia, 1940.

Reviewed by JosE BABINI, drrcheion, 23, 268-71, Santa Fe (Argentina), 1941.

Frank, Philipp. Concerning an interpretation of positivism. Isis, 33, 683-87, 1942.

Frank, Philipp. Between physics and philosophy. 238 p. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by V. F. LENZEN, Isis, 34, 180, 1942.

Lowinger, Armand. The methodology of PIERRE DUHEM. 184 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by BENJAMIN GINZBURG, Isis, 34, 33-34, 1942.

Mises, Richard von. Kleines Lehrbuch des Posi- tivismus. Einfiihrung in die empiristische Wis- senschaftsauffassung. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1941.

Essay review by PHILIPP FRANK, Isis, 33, 68347, 1942.

Neurath, Otto; Carnap, Rudolf; Morris, Charles W. International Encyclopedia of Unified Science. Vols. I and II, Foundations of the unity of science. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1938-39.

Reviewed by I. BERNARD COHEN, Isis, 33, 721-23, 1942.

Ramsperger, Albert G. Philosophies of science. xi+304 p. New York, Crofts, 1942 ($2.25).

An admirable presentation and discussion of modern philosophies of science. Clearly written and particularly recommendable to the student in the philosophy of science and to others interested in the nature of scientific knowledge and its function in society. M.F.A.M.

Zilsel, Edgar. The genesis of the concept of physical law. Philosophical Review, 51, 245-79, 1942.

II. FORMAL SCIENCES (Knowledge of forms)

20. MATHEMATICS

Ball, W. W. Rouse. Mathematical recreations and essays. Revised by H. S. M. COXETER. 11th edition. xvi+418 p. New York, Macmillan. 1939.

Reviewed by LAO G. SIMONS, Scripta Mathlematica, 8, 120-21, 1941.

Jones, Samuel I. Mathematical clubs and recreations. xiv+236 p. Nashville, Jones, 1940.

Reviewed by MILDRED T. LAWTON, Scripta Mathematica, 8, 118-19, 1941.

Kasner, Edward; Newman, James. Mathe- matics and the imagination. With drawings and diagrams by RUFUS ISAACS. xvi+380 p. New York, Simon and Schuster, 1940.

Reviewed by I. BERNARD COHEN, Isis, 33, 723-25, 1942.

Larguier, Everett H. (S.J.) Postulational methods. Scripta Mathematica, 8, 99-109, 1941.

Lilley, S. Mathematical machines. Nature, 149, 462-65, 1942.

Munsterberg, Margaret. The Bowditch collection in the Boston Public Library. Isis, 34, 140- 42, 1942.



20. Mathematics to 25. Chemistry 271

Richardson, Moses. Fundamentals of mathematics. xx+525 p., 254 figs. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1941.

This textbook for the first year of college mathematics is distinguished by the objectives which the author has set himself: "(1) An appreciation of the natural origin and evolutionary growth of the basic mathematical ideas from antiquity to the present; (2) A critical logical attitude, and a wholesome respect for correct reasoning . . . (3) An understanding of the r6le of mathematics as one of the major branches of human endeavor, and its relations with other branches of the accumulated wisdom of the human race; (4) A discussion of some of the simpler important problems of pure mathematics and its applications . . .; (5) An understanding of the nature and practical importance of postulational thinking." In token of the growing interest in the history of science on the part of educators, this book is graced by pictures of great mathematicians and accounts of their lives, as well as notes on the historical evolution of some mathematical ideas. I.B.C.

Shaw, James Byrnie. Mystic harmony. Scripta Mathematica, 8, 69-77, 1941.

Apropos of the Pascal hexagram and its consequences. G.S.

Struik, D. J. On the sociology of mathematics. Science & Society, 6, 58-70, 1942.

2 1. STATISTICS

(History and methods. Tables and generalities. For the applications, refer to the sciences to

which they are applied).

Wolfenden, Hugh H. The fundamental principles of mathematical statistics. With special reference to the requirements of actuaries and vital statisticians and An outline of a course in graduation. xv+379 p. Published for the Actuarial Society of America, New York, by Macmillan, 1942.

It is interesting to indicate the structure of this new textbook published with special reference to actuarial needs. 1. Introduction, 2. Nature of the problems, 3. Classical approach, 4. Combination of observations, 5. Theory of random sampling, 6. Generalization of the binomial law- the "multinomial" distribution, 7. Frequency distributions and curves in general, 8. Fitting of curves, and graduation, 9. Tests of goodness of fit, 10. Recent researches, and miscellaneous problems, 11. Outline of a course in graduation, A: history, B: Mathematics and interpretations. C: Applications, Bibliography: "H" list of publications of historical significance, Index.

The historical section in 19 chapters covers 26 pages and the historical bibliography from 1657 to 1940 includes 190 items. G.S.

III. PHYSICAL SCIENCES (Knowledge of inorganic nature)

23. ASTRONOMY

Bobrovnikoff, N. T. The discovery of variable stars. Isis, 33, 687-89, 1942.

Woolard, Edgar W. Great astronomical treatises of the past. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 32, 189-216, 1942.

24. PHYSICS

Bragg, Sir William. The story of electromag- netism. 64 p. London, Bell, 1941.


Powell, R. W.; Woledge, G. History of the British thermal unit. Nature, 149, 525-26, 613, 1942.

25. CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, INDUS- TRIAL CHEMISTRY

Davis, Tenney L. The chemistry of powder and explosives. Volume I. xi+216 p. New York, Wiley, 1941.

Reviewed by EDUARD FARBER, Isis, 34, 35-36, 1942.

Kline, Gordon M. Plastics. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1941, p. 225-38, 5 pl., Washington, D. C., 1942.

Mees, C. E. Kenneth. The theory of the photographic process. x+1 124 p., 406 figs. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1942 ($12.00).

This massive volume of over 1100 p. is a witness of the immense amount of work done in less than half a century, much of it in the last 25 years. The account is divided into six parts: I. The photographic material; II. The action of light; III. Development and the after processes; IV. Sensitometry; V. Photographic physics; VI. Optical sensitizing. The discussion of emulsion making has been omitted. We miss a historical introduction, and even more a chronological summary of the main discoveries. The author could have easily compiled such a summary, without which the labor of future historians of science will become almost impossible. This survey is exceedingly valuable because the author has taken an active part in photographic research, almost from the beginning, and as Director of the Kodak Research Laboratories has been able to experience every aspect of it. G.S.

Read, John. Explosives. 160 p., ills. New York, Penguin Books, 41 E. 28th St., n.d. (1942).

This is one of the Pelican Books (published by Penguin Books Limited) which are on sale throughout England at the moderate price, as we understand it, of six pence each. The price of the book is not marked upon it. Advisory editors of the series are H. L. BEALEs, Reader in Economic History, University of London, and WV. E. WILLIAMS, Secretary of the British Institute of Adult Education.

The book is authoritative in substance and wholly understandable, pleasing in style, easy and entertaining to read. It is strongly tinctured with the author's interest in the history of science and with his sense of humor. It is written in a popular manner, journalistically, to convey a sympathetic understanding of the subject of explosives to a reader who has had no previous acquaintance with chemistry. It shows that explosives serve many friendly purposes, that they are powerful civilizing influences, good for much else besides the killing of men,



272 25. Chemistry to 28. Botany

and it makes clear the relationsh;ps of explosives to the general economy of the times, to fats, to cotton, to coal, and to the gases of the atmosphere. For a small and popular book it touches upon a considerable number of the most recent developments in the explosives art. It does not discuss nitroguanidine, but does make mention of flash reducers, cooling agents, and moderants or deadeners for smokeless powder, of hexamethylenetriperoxidediamine (HMTD), of trinitrotriazidobenzene, of tetracene, and of "Cyclonite, also known as Hexogen or T4." T.L.D.

26. TECHNOLOGY

(For Mining, see 32. Geology; for Industrial Chemistry, 25. Chemistry. See also Arts and

Crafts under 45).

Jackson, Dugald C. Engineering in our early history (The American Philosophical Society and Engineering from 1768 to 1876). Proceed- ings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 45-5 1, 1942.

Newhall, Beaumont. A brief history of photographic techniques. Ciba Symposia, 4, 133043, figs., 1942.

O'Dea, W. T. Electrical invention and re-invention. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 75-91, 4 pl., 1941.

Rosen, S. McKee; Rosen, Laura. Technology and society. The influence of machines in the United States. xiv+474 p. New York, Mac- millan, 1941.

Reviewed by D. CARADOG JONES, Nature, 149, 63-64, 1942.

Usher, Abbot Payson. Historia de las inven- ciones mecanicas. Version espaniola por TEODORO ORTIZ. 389 p., 148 fig. Mexico, Fondo de Cultura Economica, 1941.

Reviewed by ALDO MIELI, Ircheion, 24, 112-17, 1942. USHER'S original History of Mechanical inventions (New York, 1929) was reviewed by R. K. MERTON in Isis, 24, 177-80.

Wailes, Enid and Rex. A Picardy post mill. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 113- 18, 2 figs., p1., 1941.

IV. BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (Knowledge of organic nature)

27. BIOLOGY (Generalities, "Natural history")

Dobzhansky, Theodosius. Genetics and the origin of species. 2nd ed., 446 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by CONWAY ZIRKLE, Isis, 34, 181, 1942.

Dobzhansky, Theodosius. Biological adaptation. Scientific Monthly, 55, 391402, 1942.

An application of modem genetics to an ancient problem. C.Z.

Kapp, Reginald 0. Science versus materialism. vi+280 p. London, Methuen, 1940.

Reviewed by F. G. DONNAN, Nature, 149, 394-95, 1942.

Lillie, Ralph S. The problem of synthesis in biology. Philosophy of Science, 9, 59-71, 1942.

Redlfield, Robert (editor). Levels of integration in biological and social systems. 240 p. Lan- caster, Pa., The Jaques Cattell Press, 1942 ($2.50).

Eleven papers contributed to the symposium held at Chicago in September 1941 in celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of the University of Chicago. The authors and their papers are: L. H. HYMAN, The transition from the unicellular to the multicellular individual; J. W. BUCHANAN, Intermediate levels of or- ganismic integration; R. WV. GERARD, Higher levels of integration; W. BuRROws, Synergistic aspects of bacterial populations; H. S. JENNINGS, The transition from the individual to the social level; T. PARK, Integration in infra-social insect populations; W. C. ALLEE, Social domi- nance and subordination among vertebrates; A. E. EMER- SON, Basic comparisons of human and insect societies; C. R. CARPENTER, Societies of monkeys and apes; A. L. KROEBER, The societies of primitive man; R. E. PARK, Modern society. There is no index, but the papers make good reading nonetheless. M.F.A.M.

Roger, J. Speed; Hubbell, Theodore H.; Byers, C. Francis. Man and the biological world. x+607 p. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1942 ($3.50).

An excellent introduction to general biology for the general reader, with especial emphasis on man and his relationships. M.F.A.M.

Seifriz, William. Protoplasm. x+584 p., 179 figs. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1936.

Reviewed by TH. JUST, American Midland Naturalist, 17. 576, 1936.

28. BOTANY (Agronomy, Phytopathology, Palaeo- botany)

A., E. Notes on the history of botanical illustra- tion. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin, 25, 83-87, 3 fig., 1937.

Andrews, Alfred C. Alimentary use of hoary mustard in the classical period. Isis, 34, 161-62, 1942.

Bartlett, Harley Harris; and others. The concept of the genus. Bulletin of the Torrey Bo- tanical Club, 67, 349-89, 1940.

I. History of the generic concept in botany, by HARLEY HARRiS BARTLETr; II. A survey of modern opinion, by EDGAR ANDERSON; III. Genera from the standpoint of morphology, by J. M. GREENMAN. IV. The delimitations of genera from the conservative point of view, by EARL EDWARD SHERFF. V. Our changing generic concepts, by W,X. H. CAMP.



28. Botany to 29. Zoology 273

Chase, Florence Meier. Useful algae. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1941, p. 401-52,9 pl., Washington, D. C., 1942.

Including information on the early utilization of algae by the Chinese. G.S.

Cosandey, F. Les naturalistes THOMAS et leurs amis. Revue historique vaudoise, nos. 3-4, 60 p., ill., 2 pl., Lausanne, 1942.

A.C.K.

Darrah, William C. An introduction to the plant sciences. xii+332 p., 156 fig., New York, John C. Wiley & Sons, 1942 ($2.75).

The chapter on evolution and that entitled "A brief history of the plant sciences" both contain historical data as to general interest. The author's list of 34 great biolo- gists raises some questions of the relative claims of the included and excluded names, as all such lists do. Thus the inclusion of ASA GRAY may be justified on national and institutional grounds, but these hardly balance the omission of J. D. HOOKER, the scope of whose botanical works and the wealth of whose publications far exceed those of our greatest American botanist.

The book is the result of a non-technical course of the survey type given at Harvard University and thus represents an expert's selection of botanical facts and concepts of the greatest general interest and value to-day. An extensive glossary is included. C.A.K.

Fernald, M. L. Some early botanists of the American Philosophical Society. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 63-71, 1942.

Hrozny, Bedrich. La charrue en Sumer-Akkad, en Egypte et en Chine. Archiv Orientalni, 10, 43740, 3 pl., 1938.

Mangelsdorf, P. C.; Cameron, J. W. Western Guatemala: a secondary center of origin of cultivated maize varieties. Bot. Museum. Leaf- lets. Harvard University, 10, 217-52, 1942.

An application of cytology to the problem of the botanical and geographical origin of Zea mays. C.Z.

McDonald, Angus. Early American soil con- servationists. U. S. Dept. Agric., misc. publ., 449, 1-63, frontispiece, 8 figs., 1941.

A series of brief biographical sketches, emphasizing the contribution made by each individual to soil conservation. The biographies cover JARED ELIar (1685-1763), SAMUEL DEANE (1733-1814), SOLOMON DROWN (1753-1834), JOHN TAYLOR (1753-1824), JOHN LORAIN (1764-1819), ISAAC HILL (1789-1851), NiCOLAS SORSBY (fl. 1844-57), and EDMUND RUFFIN (1794-1865). Included are portraits of ELIOT, TAYLOR, HILL, and RUFFIN. C.Z.

Reed, Howard S. A short history of the plant sciences. 320 p., 37 ills. Waltham, Mass., Chronica Botanica Co., 1942.

Reviewed by CONWAY ZIRKLE, Isis, 34, 36, 1942.

Smith, Gilbert M.; Gilbert, Edward M.; Evans, Richard I.; Duggar, Benjamin M.; Bryan, George S.; Allen, Charles E. A text-

book of general botany. 4th edition. x+668 p.; frontispiece, 459 figs. New York, The Mac- millan Co., 1942 ($4.00).

A textbook appearing in its fourth edition in less than twenty years recommends itself. The earlier editions appeared in 1924, 1928, 1935. Many changes have been made in this new edition, by addition, suppression, or trans- position, too many to be enumerated. The main purpose is to teach botany as a whole, mixing morphology, physiology, ecology, etc., as the exposition may require it, and taking full advantage of the facts which are already familiar to the student or ought to be. The chapter on myxomy- cetes (slime molds) taken out of the third edition has been restored. New chapters have been added dealing with plant diseases and fossil plants. The illustrations are abundant and attractive. G.S.

Wilson, M. L. Survey of scientific agriculture. Proceedings of the American Philosophical So- ciety, 86, 52-62, 1942.

Wodehouse, R. P. Pollen grains. Their structure, identification and significance in science and medicine. xv+574 p., 123 figs., 14 pls., 6 tables. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1935.

Reviewed by TH. JUST, American Midland Naturalist, 17, 574-75, 1936.

29. ZOOLOGY

Calvert, Philip P. Entomology, scientific and human aspects. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 123-29, 1942.

Castiglioni, Arturo. The serpent as healing god in antiquity. Snake worship and symbolism in the Orient and in America. Remedies against snake bite. Snake venom in modern medicine. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1158-86, figs., 1942.

Goodrich, L. Carrington. Early mentions of fossil fishes. Isis, 34, 25, 1942.

Hegner, Robert William (1880-1942). College zoology. 5th edition. xvii+817 p., 441 figs. New York, Macmillan, 1942 ($3.75).

A book which has reached its fifth edition in thirty years recommends itself. This one is remarkably clear and comprehensive. Some of the main innovations of this edition are: "The introductory chapter has been divided into two, the second of which contains a more extended account of protoplasm and cells. Chapter XIII on parasitism in animals has been omitted, this subject being treated in the chapter on ecology and geographical distribution. Although fundamental biological subjects are studied in each large group of animals, it seemed desirable to present connected accounts of certain of these subjects with the addition of information not furnished in the descriptions of the types treated in relation to the various phyla. This has resulted in chapters XXXI to XXXIV and XXXVI and XXXVII on nutritive processes in animals, skeletal struc- tures and movement, coordination and behavior, reproduction and development, ecology and geographical distribution, and the origin and history of animal life." A final chapter tells the history of zoology in 8 pages! (p. 752-50).

G.S.



274 29. Zoology to 33. Meteorology

Hume, Edgar Erskine. Ornithologists of the United States Army Medical Corps. Thirty-six biographies. With foreword by ALEXANDER WETMORE. xxv+583 p. 110 ills. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press, 1942.

Reviewed by GEORGE SARTON, Isis, 34, 36-38, 1942. MacKinney, Loren. The vulture in ancient

medical lore. Vulture medicine in the medieval world. Vulture medicine in the modern world. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1258-92, figs., 1942.

Midlo, Charles; Cummins, Harold. Palmar and plantar dermatoglyphics in primates. iii+ 198 p. (American Anatomical Memoirs, no. 20). Philadelphia, Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 1942.

This important monograph, by the two leading experts in the field, on the friction ridges of the palmar and plantar surfaces of the hands and feet in the primates represents the first complete study of the subject to be published. It is the fruit of many years' labor, and it embraces representative forms of all the primates. The methods of analysis are here fully set forth, and the distribution of dermatoglyphic patterns in each group is discussed. The authors' final conclusion that "the three great apes and man present specializations which follow different directions" is of great interest. They write: "While these divergent specializations render comparison difficult, the order of increasing specialization indicated by the pooled evidence is orang, gorilla or chimpanzee, man. Especially in adherence to the basic plan of configurations, man is even more primitive than orang; inasmuch as that plan is so fundamental a characteristic, it is concluded that man stemmed from an ancestral stock more primitive than any recent ape, having dermatoglyphic traits more closely allied to those of monkeys." This conclusion fully agrees with the evidence obtained from other morphological approaches to the study of the problem of primate relationships. M.F.A.M.

Prostov, Eugene V. Early mentions of fossil fishes. Isis, 34, 24-25, 1942.

Simpson, George Gaylord. The beginnings of vertebrate paleontology in North America. Pro- ceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 130-88, 23 figs., 1942.

Smith, Bertram G. The heterodontid sharks: their natural history, and the external development of Heterodontus japonicus based on notes and drawings by BASHFORD DEAN. The Bash- ford Dean Memorial Volume, Archaic Fishes, Ed. by EUGENE WILLIS GUDGER, Article VIII, p. 649-770, 7 pls., 1942.

Spitzer, Leo. Origin of the word jumar. Isis, 34, 163, 1942.

V. SCIENCES OF THE EARTH (implying knowledge of organic and inorganic nature)

30. GEODESY

Norman, Daniel; Sarton, George. The fantastic theory of concentric spheres. Isis, 34, 29-30, 1942.

32. GEOLOGY, MINERALOGY, PALAEONTOLOGY, MINING

(For Palaeobotany, Palaeozoology, and Palaeo- anthropology, see, respectively, 28. Botany,

29. Zoology, and 39. Prehistory)

Coghlan, H. H. Prehistoric copper and some experiments in smelting. Transactions of the New- comen Society, 20, 49-65, 6 figs., 1941.

Johnson, Douglas. The origin of the Carolina Bays. xi+341 p., 18 illus. (Columbia Geo- morphic Studies, IV). New York, Columbia University Press, 1942 ($4.50).

The coastal plain of North and South Carolina is literally peppered with curious 'bays' or craters, thousands of them, many of which are very regular in their elliptic shape, the great axes of each group of ellipses being neatly parallel. This strange geomorphism was first revealed by L. C. GLENN in 1895, but it attracted no attention until 1933 when F. A. MELTON and WILLIAM SCHRIEVER were able to illustrate it convincingly by means of aerial photographs. Their theory that those bays were caused by a hail storm of meteorites seemed plausible enough and was readily accepted. However, JOHNSON'S careful analysis leads to the conclusion that the meteoritic hypothesis is untenable. The most damaging argument against it is that the area of abundant meteorite finds and the area of abundant bays are mutually exclusive (p. 124); never have any materials of cosmic origin or fused silica glass been found near any bay. The surveys of the bays with magnetometers have failed to confirm the meteoritic hypothesis. The author suggests an alternative theory, "the 'artesian-solution-lacus- trine-aeolian hypothesis.' It supposes that artesian springs, rising through moving groundwater and operating in part by solution, produced broad shallow basins occupied by lakes, about the margins of which beach ridges were formed by wave action and dune ridges by wind action." (p. 154). This theory lacks the engaging simplicity of the meteoritic hypothesis but seems to account for all the facts. Its complexity may be due to the extreme complexity of the phenomenon to be explained. The rarity of the phenomenon may be accounted for in the same way; it could only occur when many causes converged. Thus far it has not been discovered elsewhere, though it must be admitted that new aerial surveys might reveal its existence in other regions; we have only to bear in mind that we practically ignored its existence in the Carolinas before 1933. The book is admirably illustrated and is an excellent example of scientific analysis. GEORGE SARTON

Read, Thomas T. The earliest industrial use of coal. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 20, 119-33, 1941.

33. METEOROLOGY, CLIMATOLOGY, TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS

Chapman, Sydney; Bartels, Julius. Geomag- netism. Vol. 21, Geomagnetic and related phenomena. Vol. 22, Analysis and physical interpretation of the phenomena. xxviii+542 p.; x+508 p. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1940.

Reviewed by G. C. SIMPSON, Geographical Journal, 97, 383-85, 1941. The history of the subject is treated fully.

C.W.A.



33. Meteorology to 36. Physiology 275

Humphreys, William J. A review of papers on meteorology and climatology published by the American Philosophical Society prior to the twentieth century. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 29-33, 1942.

Woolard, Edgar William. Historical note on the deflecting influence of the rotation of the earth. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 233, 465-70. 1942.

VI. ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND HISTORI- CAL SCIENCES (Knowledge of man,

past and present)

34. ANATOMY

Krogman, Wilton Marion. The anthropology of the hand. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1294-1306, figs., 1942.

Lafont, Julio Bergeret. La mano: su simbolismo en la medicina antigua. Revista Argentina de Historia de la Medicina, 1, 75-79, 1942.

Mierzecki, H. Symbolism and pathognomy of the hand. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1319-22, figs., 1942.

Montgomery, Douglass W. The knee. Annals of Medical History, 1, 388-95, 2 figs., 1939.

Reininger, W. The hand in art. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1323-26, figs., 1942.

Rosen, George. The worker's hand. Ciba Sym- posia, 4, 1307-18, figs., 1942.

35. PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (Anthropometry and Races of Man)

Benedict, Ruth. Raza: ciencia y politica. Version espafiola de ERNESTINA DE CHAMPOURCIN. 215 p. Mexico, Fondo de Cultura, 1941.

Reviewed by ANGELA ROMERA, Archeion, 24, 14041, 1942.

Chapple, Eliot Dinsmore; Coon, Carleton Stevens. Principles of anthropology. xi+718 p. New York, Henry Holt, 1942 ($3.75).

An unorthodox but much to be encouraged approach to the study of anthropology, which is in this work far too narrowly construed as the science of human relations, and in terms far too mechanistic. No reader can fail to benefit from a reading of the book, however much he may be inclined to disagree with many of the fundamental points.

M.F.A.M.

Dykes, Eva Beatrice. The Negro in English romantic thought. x+197 p. Washington, Asso- ciated Publishers, 1942 ($2.00).

"It is the purpose of this study first, to ascertain from the great bulk of poetry and prose of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries any sympathetic attitude toward the negro, and secondly, to find out reasons for this atti-

tude." The work must have involved a great deal of labor, is very well done, and represents an important contribution to our understanding of the development of modern attitudes towards the Negro. The notes are full and there is an excellent index. M.F.A.M.

Gesell, Arnold. Wolf child and human child. The life history of KAMALA, the wolf girl. Based on the diary account of a child who was reared by a wolf and who then lived for nine years in the orphanage of Midnapore in the Province of Bengal. xv+95 p., 8 pl. London, Methuen. 1941.


Hrdlicka, Ales. The peoples of the Soviet Union. Smithsonian Institution, War Background Studies, no. 3, 29 p., 1942.

Zollschan, I. Racialism against civilization. 64 p. London, New Europe Publishing Co., 1942.

Reviewed by H. J. FLEURE, Nature, 149, 590-91, 1942.

36. PHYSIOLOGY (human and comparative)

Carlson, A. J. Food and fitness. Scientific Monthly, 55, 40347, 1942.

A critical examination of the often repeated statement that "one third of the American people are ill fed."

CZ.

Corner, George W. The hormones in human reproduction. xix+265 p., 24 pls. Princeton Uni- versity Press, 1942 ($2.75).

The author has managed to discuss very difficult questions down to technical details and to explain the last word of our knowledge with perfect clearness and in a pleasant manner. Our only regret is that he did not think of adding a historical chapter. This is surprising, for CORNER is himself deeply interested in the history of science, witness his Anatomical texts of the earlier Middle Ages (1927; Isis, 9, 452-56). He might at least have added a chronological summary, and this would have been easy, for many historical data are scattered through his book, e.g., a reference to the Emmenologia of JOHN FREIND (1711; Isis, 27, 473), or to the great discovery of C. R. STOCKARD and G. N. PAPANICOLAOU (1917) enabling us to determine the oestrus of various animals, which do not reveal it otherwise, from scrapings of their vaginal lining. Such chronological summaries, added to special treatises of this kind, would considerably facilitate the task of later historians (see SARTON in Isis, 26, 53-62, 1936). One of his conclusions may be quoted, "Menstruation is still a paradox and a puzzle-a normal function that dis- plays itself by destruction of tissues; a phenomenon seemingly useless iand even retrogressive, that exists only in the higher animals; an unexplained turmoil in the otherwise serenely coordinated process of uterine function" (p. 176). G.S.

Gerard, R. W. Higher levels of integration. Science, 95, 309-13, 1942.

Luck, James Murray; Hall, Victor E. Annual review of physiology. viii+709 p. American



276 36. Physiology to 43. Sociology

Physiological Society and Annual Reviews, Stanford University, Cal., 1942 ($5.00).

The phenomenal activity in this field of biology is revealed by the fact that approximately 6000 papers by 4000 authors are reviewed in this one volume. The wide diversity of research in this field is shown by the fact that 5500 topics are included in the subject index, this too within "the ever-narrowing confines of the world in which we can enjoy the friendly intimacies of intellectual collaboration."

The material is assembled under 23 subjects and it is reviewed by 32 authors. On the basis of the numbers of papers cited, the more intensively cultivated fields are the physiology of reproduction, the blood, the autonomic nervous system, the physiology of the skin, electrophy- siology, permeability, the kidney, and the digestive system. Other topics in the newer fields reviewed in this volume are pharmacology of drug addiction, the physiological effects of neutron rays, and applied physiology. Among the long-established fields are heart, peripheral circulation, growth, water and energy metabolisms, central nervous system, spinal cord and reflex action, sense organs, metabolic functions of the endocrine glands, physiological aspects of genetics, developmental physiology, and physiological psychology. The future historian of science will find in this series of reviews ample material. C.A.K.

Periot, Maurice. HIPPOCRATE avait raison. Syn- these de la personalite humaine par le tempera- ment. 382 p. Marseille, Leconte, 1941.

Singer, Dorothea W. Determination of blood pressure in medical practice. Isis, 34, 25, 1942.

37. PSYCHOLOGY (human and comparative)

Boring, Edwin G. Sensation and perception in the history of experimental psychology. xv+ 644 p. New York, Appleton-Century, 1942.

Reviewed by R. S. WOODWORTH, Science, 96, 6X65, 1942.

Montagu, M. F. Ashley. How to find happiness and keep it. 298 p. New York, Doubleday, Doran, 1942.

Reviewed by MARK GRAUBARD, ISiS, 34, 38, 1942.

Montagu, M. F. Ashley. On the physiology and psychology of swearing. Psychiatry: Journal of the Biology and Pathology of Interpersonal Re- lations, 5, 189-201, 1942.

38. ARCHAEOLOGY (Generalities, Methods). HISTORY OF ARcHAEOLOGY AND ERUDITION

Hornell, James. British coracles and Irish cur- raghs. With a note on the quffah of Iraq. In- troduction by Sir GEOFFREY CALLENDER. xii-+ p. 5-41; 261-304; 74-83; 148-75; 5-39; 153- 59; 46 pl., figs. London, Quaritch, 1938.

Means, Philip Ainsworth. Newport Tower. In- troduction by VILHJALMUR STEFANSSON. xxiv+ 344 p., frontisp., 141 figs. New York, Henry Holt, 1942 ($5.00).

ITe frontispiece reproduces GILBERT STUART'S painting (ca. 1775) of Newport's "Old Stone Mill." This famous

Rhode Island structure is a round stone tower, ca. 25 feet in diameter, resting on eight clumsy pillars which support eight crude arches; the tower has windows and a fireplace with two flues. The "Arnold theory" claims that the tower was built by Governor BENEDICT ARNOLD, after a storm destroyed, in August 1675, Newport's wooden windmill; in 1677, the tower is mentioned, in a deed, as the "Stone Mill," and, in the Governor's will, as "my Stone-built Wind-Milln." The "Norse theory" claims that the tower represents part of a round church built by Norsemen between the XIIth and XIVth centuries-and converted by Governor ARNOLD into a windmill. The author is thoroughly familiar with the voluminous literature on the subject, and he presents a painstaking analysis of the arguments for and against these two theories; he favors the "Norse theory" and adds a plea for a scientific excavation; he offers a third theory which points to the construction of the tower by Europeans between 1492 and 1580. The profusely illustrated book contains some 500 footnotes, 27 pages of bibliography (over 400 titles), and an index of 12 double-column pages. A.P.

39. PREHISTORY

Childe, V. Gordon. Prehistoric communities of the British Isles. xiv+274 p., 16 pl. London, Chambers, 1940.

Reviewed by J. J. HAWKES, Nature, 147, 337-38, 1941.

Hawkes, Jacquetta. The archaeology of the Channel Islands. Vol. 2, The Bailiwick of Jersey. xvii+320 p., 12 pl. Jersey, Soci6t6 Jersiaise, 1939.

Reviewed in Nature, 145, 684-85, 1940.

Stevens, Frank. Stonehenge: today and yester- day. With plans and illustrations by HEYWOOD SUMMER. Smithsonian Institution, Annual Re- port for 1940, p. 447-78, 1 pl., 8 fig., 1941.

40. ETHNOLOGY (Primitive and Popular Science)

Ackerknecht, Erwin H. Problems of primitive medicine. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 503-21, 1942.

Kanner, Leo. Contemporary folk-treatment of sternutation. Bulletin of the History of Medi- cine, 11, 273-91, 1942.

Rogers, Spencer L. Primitive theories of disease. Shamans and medicine men. The methods, results, and values in shamanistic therapy. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1190-24, figs., 1940.

tYnver, A. Siuheyl. Le folklore medical de nos pays. Compte-rendu de la IVeme Semaine Me- dicale Balkanique 'a Istanbul, 166-68.

43. SOCIOLOGY, JURISPRUDENCE, AND POSITIVE POLITY

Grace, Emily R.; Montagu, M. F. Ashley; Stern, Bernhard J. More on social Darwinism. Science & Society, 6, 71-78, 1942.



43. Sociology to 46. Language 277

Horton, Paul B. Does history show long-time trends? Scientific Monthly, 55, 461-70, 1942.

The author holds that knowledge continually increases and that this in itself is sufficient to give history a trend in a definite direction. C.Z.

Mayer, Joseph. Social science principles in the light of scientific method. xii+573 p. Durham, N. C., Duke University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by M. F. A. MONTAGU, Isis, 34, 181-82, 1942.

Mill, John Stuart. On Social Freedom. vi+69 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1941 ($1.00).

An essay which first appeared in the now extinct Oxford and Cambridge Review in June 1907, now edited with an introduction by Miss DOROTHY FOSDIcK. The essay is important because it registers a marked advance in MILL's

position from individualism towards socialism and idealism, and must hereafter be read as the indispensable supplement to MILL'S essay On Liberty. M.F.A.M.

Sert, Jose Luis. Can our cities survive? An A B C of urban problems, their analysis, their solu- tions. Based on the proposals formulated by the C.I.A.M. xii+259 p., figs., maps. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1942 ($5.00).

Magnificent collection of photographs and diagrams, with commentary illustrating the evils created by our over- crowded cities built on ancient patterns, and the remedies. The motor age calls for new cities built on radically new plans. These plans have been elaborated by CIAM (Con- gres internationaux d'architecture moderne) the first of which took place at the castle of La Sarraz (canton de Vaud, Switzerland) in 1928; the second, in Francfort, 1929; the third, in Brussels, 1930; the fourth, in Athens, 1933; the fifth, in Paris, 1937. After the war the new ideas will guide the rebuilding of the ruined cities of Europe. The album should be used in conjunction with Sigfried Giedion: Space, time and architecture (Harvard Univ. Press, 1941; Isis, 33, 640). One of the striking features of these works is the international spirit informing them; indeed, the problems are not restricted to individual cities nor to individual nations. The realization of these plans was delayed but not destroyed by the evil genius of Mus- solini and Hitler. Indeed, we may expect an architectural renaissance, international in its scope, to be one of the results of the war. The remodeling of our great cities will provide labor for millions of men after the demobilization of the armed nations. May I recall that some of these problems were already discussed in the very first volume of Isis (p. 488, 1913) apropos of the projects of HENRIK CHRISTIAN ANDERSON? G.S.

Swanton, John R. The evolution of nations. Smithsonian Institution, War Background Studies, no. 2, 23 p., June 1942.

45. HiSTORY OF ART (Art and Science, Ico- nography, Arts and Crafts)

Giedion, Sigfried. Space, time and architecture. xvi+601 p. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1941.


Lang, Paul Henry. Music in Western civilization. xvi+ 1107 p., ills., maps. New York, Norton, 1941.

Reviewed by GEORGE SARTON, Isis, 34, 182-86, map, 1942.

[Parergon]. From the Greek word meaning "work by the side of work." 2nd edition. 96 p. Evansville, Ind., Mead Johnson, 1942.

This fine collection of pictures illustrates admirably the artistic versatility and talent of the American medical profession. G.S.

Pirenne, M. H. Art, science and the million. Message, Belgian Review, no. 9, 3943, illus., London, 1942.

46. HISTORY OF LANGUAGE, WRITING AND

LITERATURE

Clough, Wilson 0. The science of grammar. viii+155 p. Laramie, Wyoming, University of Wyoming, 1942 ($1.75).

A most original and admirable text in English grammar designed for college freshmen. Grammar is very properly treated as a science, simply, and clearly. The student should find this a very pleasant book from which to study and in which to read. M.F.A.M.

Dauzat, Albert. La toponymie frangaise. Buts et m6thodes. Questions de peuplement. Les bases pre-Indo-europ6ennes. Noms de rivieres. Topo- nymie Gallo-romaine. Un d6pouillement r6- gional: Auvergne et Velay. 338 p., 8 maps. Paris, Payot, 1939.

Reviewed by GEORGE SARTON, Isis, 34, 186-87, map, 1942.

Schlauch, Margaret. The gift of tongues. ix+ 348 p. New York, Modern Age Books, 1942 ($3.50).

An introduction to the science of language, charmingly and interestingly written, thoroughly sound, and humane.

M.F.A.M.

[Webster]. Webster's Dictionary of Synonyms. xxxiv+907 p. Springfield, Mass., Merriam, 1942 (without thumb-index, $3.50; with thumb-index, $4.00).

This Dictionary of Discriminated Synonyms with An- tonyms and Analogous and Contrasted Words is a most welcome contribution to American scholarship. The work is a completely new one, and combines many novel and original features. The work done on synonyms by Dr. JOHN LIVINGSTON LowEs in consultation with the late GEORGE LYMAN KIrrEI)E for Webster's New International Dictionary has formed the basis of the present work, although in its present form that basis has been very considerably enlarged and a great superstructure of new articles erected upon it. Most of the articles are the work chiefly of Miss ROSE F. EGAN, assistant editor on the per- manent editorial staff of the Merriam Company. Miss EGAN is to be congratulated upon the accomplishment of a difficult task ably executed. Her Survey of the history of English synonymy (pp. vii-xxxii) is probably the first thing of its kind in the English language, and while making



278 46. Language to 50. Medicine

the most interesting and valuable reading in itself, will doubtless provide the groundwork for all future studies of English synonymy.

The Dictionary is printed in double-column, in excellent type on excellent paper, and admirably bound in light brown buckram. The articles could hardly have been better written, and the scientific words in common usage are ac- curately defined. There is a list of authors quoted with their birth and death date and a short biographical note.

M.F.A.M.

48. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY (See also above, 18. Philosophy of Science)

Santayana, George. Realms of being. xxxii+862 p. New York, Scribners, 1942 ($4.00).

This is a one-volume edition comprising Mr. SANTA- YANA'S four books, The Realm of Spirit, The Realm of Truth, The Realm of Matter, and The Realm of Essence. The author handles his themes in a prose style which is unique among modem authors. It is very much to be hoped that the publishers will be prevailed upon to issue the very large remainder of Mr. SANTAYANA'S other works in similar compact and inexpensive form. The present volume has a new introduction by the author, of great charm and significance. There is an index, and the book is excellently produced in the style of the other SANTAYANA volumes. Since all that need be said about SANTAYANA and his work is now available in that admirable institution, The Library of Living Philosophers, under the editor- ship of PAUL ARTHUR SCHLIPP, the interested reader may be referred to The Philosophy of George Santayana, North- western University, 1940, which among other excellent things contains an autobiography by SANTAYANA, and A4pologia pro mente sua in which SANTAYANA replies to his critics. M.F.A.M.

49. HiSTORY OF RELIGION (Science and Religion)

Guillaume, Alfred. Prophecy and divination. A study of man's intercourse with the unseen world. xviii+434 p. (Bampton Lectures for 1938). London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1938.

Reviewed by A. S. TRrIrON, Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies (University of London), 10, 247, 1939.

Leake, Chauncey D. Religio scientiae. Scientific Monthly, 52, 166-73, 1941.

Phillips, Dayton. Beguines in medieval Strasburg. A study of the social aspects of beguine life. ix+253 p. (lithoprinted). (Ph.D. thesis, Colum- bia University). Stanford University, Cal., 1941.

'The emphasis of the present paper upon social and economic factors does not mean that exclusive importance is attributed to them. Indeed, another work dealing witl the religious aspect of the beguine life is planned as a necessary supplement. The social emphasis here is simply a first step towards a complete reinterpretation of the subject as a whole. The study is intended to be both a survey of the information in the documents relating to the social aspect of beguine life and a re-evaluation of such material. This aim is reflected in the form and organization of the work. Although various sections represent a more or less direct rendering of the source material per- taining to significant topics, chief emphasis will fall upon the general discussion. At various points, the facts cited

have been summarized, and lists of the women mentioned, together with tables showing the chronological distribution of references, have been included. The results of the work as a whole are brought together in a final chapter."

Smith, C. Henry. The story of the Mennonites. 823 p. Berne, Mennonite Book Concern, 1941.

Reviewed by CARL WirrKE, American Historical Review, 47, 659, 1942.

White, Lynn, Jr. Christian myth and Christian history. Journal of the History of Ideas, 3, 145- 58, 1942.

VII. MEDICINE

50. HiSTORY, ORGANIZATION, AND PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE

Bromberg, Walter. Some social aspects of the history of psychiatry. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 117-32, 1942.

Clendening, Logan. Source book of medical history. xiv+685 p. New York, Hoeber, 1942.

Reviewed by MoRRis C. LEIKIND, American Historical Review, 48, 61-62, 1942.

Davison, Wilburt C. Reflections on the medical book and journal situation. Bulletin of the His- tory of Medicine, 11, 182-200, 1 diagram, 1942.

Durain, Carlos Martinez. Las ciencias medicas en Guatemala, origen y evolucion. 440 p. Guate- mala, 1941.

Reviewed by C. E. PAz SOLDAN and JUAN B. LAsTREs, Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, afio 1940, p. 176-80, Lima 1942; and by ALDO MIELI, Archeion, 24, 121-22, 1942.

Ficarra, Bernard J. The evolution of blood transfusion. Annals of Medical History, 4, 302- 23, 1942.

Gallacher, Stuart A. "Stuff a cold and starve a fever." Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 576-81, 1942.

Hill, Justina. Germs and the man. xvi+461 p., ills. New York, Putnam, 1940.

Reviewed by MoiRis C. LEIKIND, Isis, 33, 64142, 1942.

Hinsdale, Guy. Our medical debt to France. Annals of Medical History, 4, 154-66, 4 port., 1942.

Hoff, Ebbe Curtis; Fulton, John Farquhar. A bibliography of aviation medicine. 237 p. Springfield, Ill., Charles C. Thomas, 1942.

Reviewed by EUGENE F. Du Bois, Science, 96, 361, 1942.

Hume, Edgar Erskine. The medals of the United States Army Medical Department and medals honoring Army medical officers. 146 p., 23 pls. (Numismatic notes and monographs, no. 98). New York, American Numismatic Society, 1942.



50. Medicine to 51. Epidemiology 279

Hume, Edgar Erskine. Scientific accomplish- ments of the United States Army Medical Corps. Part I. Transactions & Studies of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, 10, 2347, 1 p1., 1942.

Krenger, W. Society and culture in Spain during its Golden Age. Medicine in the Golden Age of Spain. Disease and death in the Spanish royal family. Ciba Symposia, 4, 1227-52, figs., 1942.

Kunstler, Walter E. Aesthetic considerations in surgical operations from antiquity to recent times. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 27-69, 12 figs., 1942.

[Medicine].The march of medicine. New York Academy of Medicine lectures to the laity, 1941. xix+ 154 p., frontispiece. New York, Columbia University Press, 1941.

Reviewed by J. B. DE C. M. SAUNDERS, Isis, 34, 187, 1942.

Mayer, Claudius F. (editor). Index-catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office. Authors and subjects. Fourth series, vol. VI, G-GYWAT. iv+798 p. Washington, D. C., United States Government Printing Office, 1941.


Mead Johnson & Co. The Mead Johnson collection of pediatric antiques. 48 p., 47 ill. Evans- ville, Indiana, Mead Johnson, n.d.

Packard, Francis R. Medicine and the Ameri- can Philosophical Society. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 86, 91-102, 1942.

Pertis, Teresa de. Manuale di ostetricia adattato dallo svedese di GROTH e LINDBLOM in lingua tigrigna. 280 p., 215 ill., 1 pl., Asmara, Missione Evangelica, 1928.

Reviewed by OSCAR LOFGREN, Monde oriental, 26, 345- 49, 1933. First obstetrical treatise printed in the Tigrigna language. Abbreviated translation of the Swedish treatise by GROTH and LINDBLOM (4th ed., Stockholm 1920).

Ray, Marie Beynon. Doctors of the mind. xii+ 335 p. Boston, Little, Brown & Co., 1942 ($3.00).

This is in many ways a remarkable book. In the first place, it is written by a layman, and it tells the story of a very difficult field, the rise and development of modern psychiatry. In the second place, it is by far and away the best popularization of a field of science that I have ever read. I enjoyed the book immensely, and profited from it a great deal. The really remarkable thing about Mrs. RAY'S book is that it has convinced me that no expert in the field could have done half as good a job of popularization. Mrs. RAY is a journalist, but she has gone about the writing of this book like a scientist; she has interviewed the leading men in the field upon which she writes, and many of them have read in manuscript the sections of the book in which their work is reported. I

cannot think of anyone who would fail to enjoy or benefit from a reading of this excellent book. There are several illustrations and a good index. M.F.A.M.

Robinson, J. Ben. WEINBERGER and his review of The foundations of professional dentistry. Bul- letin of the History of Medicine, 11, 3 56-67, 1942.

Roemer, Milton I. History of the effects of war on medicine. Annals of Medical History, 4, 189-98, 1942.

Roemer, Milton I. Medicine and social criticism. A comment on GEORGE ROSEN'S article. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 228-34, 1942.

Stalker, Hugh. Some medical letters of bygone days. Annals of Medical History, 4, 199-206, 1941.

Thompson, C. J. S. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. With a foreword by CHAUNCEY D. LEAKE. 113 p., 115 figs. New York, Schuman's, 1942.

Weinberger, Bernhard Wolf. RoBINSON'S "The foundations of professional dentistry." Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 340-55, 1942.

Zilboorg, Gregory. A history of medical psychology. 606 p. New York, Norton, 1941.


51. EPIDEMIOLOGY, HISTORY OF SPECIAL DISEASES. MEDIcAL GEOGRAPHY. PUBLIC HEALTH. BALNE-

OLOGY. SOCIAL MEDICINE

Cope, V. Zachary. Pioneers in acute abdominal surgery. Oxford University Press, 1940.


DeJong, Russell N. Migraine. Personal observations by physicians subject to the disorder. Annals of Medical History, 4, 276-83, 3 figs., 1942.

Deutsch, Albert. Historical inter-relationships between medicine and social welfare. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 485-502, 1942.

Friedenwald, Harry, The paths of progress of ophthalmology. (De Schweinitz lecture, Section on Ophthalmology of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, November 19, 1941). Archives of Ophthalmology, 27, 1047-96, 15 figs., 1942.

Galdston, Iago. The epidemic constitution in historic perspective. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 18, 606-19, 1942.

Peters, John P. The social implications of medical science. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 14, 281-90, 1942.



280 51. Epidemiology to 56. Bibliography

Sigerist, Henry E. American spas in historical perspective. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 11, 13347, 1942.

52. HISTORY OF HOSPITALS, OF MEDICAL TEACHING, AND OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION

Alonso, Aurelia E. La Sociedad de Beneficencia de Buenos Aires, en la asistencia a la infancia. Revista Argentina de Historia de la Medicina, 1, 69-74, 1942.

Davila, Guillermo Fernandez. Algunos apuntes para la historia del hospital "San Bartolome." Anales de la Sociedad Peruana de Historia de la Medicina, aino 1940, p. 64-74, Lima, 1942.

Quynn, Dorothy Mackay. A medical picture of the Hotel-Dieu of Paris. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 118-28, 7 figs., 1942.

Rosen, George. Changing attitudes of the medical profession to specialization. Bulletiit of the His- tory of Medicine, 12, 343-54, 1942.

Thomson, Stewart Craig. The Great Windmill Street School. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 12, 377-91, 2 figs., 1942.

Turenne, Augusto. Los precursores, la fundacion y los primeros tiempos de la Facultad de Medi- cina de Montevideo. Revista Argentina de His- toria de la Medicina, 1, 37-57, 1942.

53. PHARMACY. PHARMACOLOGY. TOXICOLOGY

Felter, Harvey Wickes. The genesis of the American materia medica, including a biographical sketch of "John Josselyn, Gent" and the medical and materia medica references in JOSSELYN'S "New-Englands Rarities Discov- ered," etc., and in his "Two Voyages to New- England." With critical notes and comments. (Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy & Materia Medica, no. 26, 64 p., frontispiece, 4 fig., Cincinnati, 1927).

Lloyd, J. U. & C. G. Drugs and medicines of North America. A publication devoted to the historical and scientific discussion of the botany, pharmacy, chemistry and therapeutics of the medical plants of North America. Their con- stituents, products and sophistications (1884- 87). 2 vols. viii+304 p., pl., figs.; 162 p., pl., figs. Bulletin of the Lloyd Library of Botany, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, no. 29, 30, 31. Cincinnati, 1930-31.

Molnar, Eugene J. Cloves, oil of cloves, and eugenol. Their medico-dental history. 30 p. Reprinted from Dental Items of Interest, 1942.

VIII. EDUCATION (Methods of accumulating, imparting, and diffusing knowledge)

54. EDUCATION (Generalities, Methods, Colleges, Universities)

Cheyney, Edward Potts. History of the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. 1740-1940. x+461 p. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1940.

Reviewed by DONALD G. TEWKSBURY, American His- torical Review, 47, 616-17, 1942.

Penrose, Stephen B. L., Jr. That they may have life. The story of the American University of Beirut, 1866-1941. xviii+347 p. ills. New York, American University of Beirut, 1941.


56. BIBLIOGRAPHY (Methods, Libraries)

Pierpont Morgan Library. Review of the ac- tivities and acquisitions of the Library from 1936 through 1940. A summary of the annual reports of the Director to the Board of Trus- tees. xiii+127 p., 19 pls. New York, 1941.

The first report of the PML published in 1930 was reviewed in Isis, 16, 574. The habit of a decennial report is excellent. The present (second) one illustrates not only the richness of PiML but its growing usefulness to American scholarship. PML has established itself, not only as one of the most important places of pilgrimage for scholars in New York, but also as a center of research. The best proof of this is the long list of publications (p. 99-120) derived from original material in PML. Among the new acquisitions the most interesting items to me are: (1) the Codex Huygens (Milanese, c. 1570), 128 loose sheets of drawings continuing the tradition of LEONARDO DA VINCI; the codex was purchased in 1690 by CONSTANTINE Huy- GENS, brother of the great CHRISTIAAN; (2) an autograph signature dated 1624 of JOHN ELIrT, author of the Al- gonquian Bible of 1663 (Isis, 25, 518); (3) planispheric astrolabe by the engraver and publisher, WILLIAM JANNS- SON of Amsterdam, 1624; (4) princeps of NICOLAUS DE LYuR: Postilla super totam Bibliam (Rome 1471-72); (5) princeps of ST. BRIGIrTA'S Revelationes (Lulbeck 1492). Items 4 and 5 will be discussed in my Introd., vol. 3. The report is very well edited by Miss BELLE DA COSTA GREENE, directress of PML, and admirably illustrated with XIX plates. G.S.

Taylor, Archer. Renaissance reference books. A checklist of some bibliographies printed before 1700. (Renaissance bibliographies and check- lists, 1). 24 p., lithographed. University of Cali- fornia Press, Berkeley, 1941.

Wilson, Wiliam Jerome. The Union Catalog of the Library of Congress. Isis, 33, 625-29, 1942.

Wroth, Lawrence C. The Colonial Printer. xxiv +368 p.; xxiv+vi pl. Portland, Me., South- worth-Anthoensen Press, 1938.

Originally issued by The Grolier Club in 1931, this constitutes a second edition (and the first trade edition)



56. Bibliography to 58. Catalogues 281

of the standard work on Colonial American printing. Written with great charm and, at the same time, great authority, this book discusses all of the aspects of the subject. Its contents are best revealed by the chapter headings: I. Introduction; II. The first presses of the Colonies; III. The Colonial printing house; IV. The Colonial printing press; V. Type and type founding of the Colonial period; VI. Printing ink; VII. The paper of the Colonies; VIII, The journeymen and apprentices; IX. General conditions of the trade; X. Bookbinding in Colonial America; XI-XII. The product of the Colonial press (the content, the external characteristics). A valuable bibliography completes the work. In keeping with the subject, the printers have produced a very handsome book which will delight all those who read it. I.B.C.

57. MUSEOLOGY (Museums and Collections) Adams, Charles C. School museums, field trips

and travel as phases of objective education. New York State Museum Bulletin, no. 330, 75- 118, 27 figs., 1942.

Plenderleith, H. J. Some aspects of museum laboratory work. .ntiquity, 16, 97-112, 1942.

58. CATALOGUES OF SECOND-HAND BOOKS ON THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Many catalogues of second-hand books are so interesting and so full of valuable information that we register them in this section, together with other lists of a similar nature, such as catalogues of scientific medals and prints. When applying to the publishers of these catalogues for a copy, please mention Isis.

[Argosy Book Stores]. Americana, first editions. Interesting, curious, rare books of every description. 200th catalogue, 1355 items. New York, 114 E. 59th St. (received June 1942).

[Argosy Book Stores]. Americana. Books, pamphlets, maps, manuscripts. Catalogue 202, 708 items. New York, 114 E. 59th St. (received 1942).

[Argosy Book Stores]. Argosy's Almanack for May in the year of our Lord 1942. New, useful and entertaining matter. New York, 114 E. 59th St. (received June 1942).

[Argosy Book Stores]. Books for scholars. Cat. 205, 63 p., 2069 items. New York, 114 E. 59th St. (received September 1942).

[L'art ancien]. Grosse Schweizer Forscher. Erst- und Friihausgaben ihrer Werke aus dem 16.-19. Jahrhundert. Biographien. Mit einem Geleitwort von Dr. EDUARD FUETER. Katalog 27, 134 p., 704 items. Zurich 2, Gartenstrasse 24 (received June 1942).

[L'art ancien]. Interessante Biicher aus 8 Jahr- hunderten (Neuerwerbungen aus zwei alten schweiz. Bibliotheken). Bulletin 18, 64 p., 528 items. ZUrich, Gartenstrasse 24 (received August 1942).

[Barnes & Noble]. Technical books. Over 2200 choice texts of all publishers-both new and used-including many at substantial savings. Cat. T-7, 61 p., New York, 5th Ave. at 18th St. (received November 1942).

[Blackwell, B. H.]. Catalogue of secondhand books. Science (chiefly German and French). No. 486, 1059 items. Oxford, 48-51 Broad St., 1942.

[Brick Row Book Shop]. Books of an old librarian (ERNEST CUSHING RICHARDSON). Part III. With additions from the bibliographical library of VICTOR HUGO PALTSITS, etc., etc., Special list 18, 89 p., 802 items. Supplement to Part III. Special list No. 18, 36 p., 1118 items. New York, 55 Fifth Ave., 1942.

[Davis & Orioli]. England & English literature, including a small collection of old road and rail books. Cat. 105, 34 p., 404 items. Wallingford, Berks., 1 St. Martin's St. (received June 1942).

[Davis & Orioli]. Medical books from the 16th to the 20th century, including a large collection of books on the history of medicine and an unusual section of travel books written by doctors. Cat. 107, 70 p., 875 items. Wallingford, Berks., England, 1 St. Martin's St. (received Septem- ber 1942).

[Davis & Orioli]. Old & rare books. Including very valuable early Spanish books, Italian books on the history of art, engravings by CALLOT, 16th century printing and a large collection of early medical and scientific books. Cat. no. 106, 665 items. Wallingford, Berks., 1 St. Martin's St. (received July 1942).

[Fletcher, Ifan Kyrle]. Medical books, with a section of books on general science including CULPEPER'S "Practice of Physick," 1678; the original manuscript of Dr. GILLMAN'S account of the post-mortem on COLERIDGE; Chirurgia, 1544; Dr. LATHAM'S case-books, 183944; FABRICIUS'S "Opera omnia," 1687; BACCI'S :" De thermis," 1571. Cat. 41, 274 items. Temporary wartime address, "Merridale," Caerleon, Mon- mouthshire, Eng. (received October 1942).

[Fletcher, Ifan Kyrle]. Translations. A catalogue of interesting books in many languages. Catalogue 35, 204 items. "Merridale," Caerleon, Monmouthshire, England, 1942.

[Goldschmidt, E. P.]. Mediaeval literature. His- tory and science of the Middle Ages. Texts and documents, including early geography & to- ponymics. Early Church history and apocrypha. Cat. no. 69, 418 items. London, W. 1, 45 Old Bond St. (received November 1942).



282 58. Catalogues to 60. Errata

[Goldschmidt, E. P.]. Old science & medicine. Early photography. Cat. 68. 392 items. London, W. 1, 45 Old Bond St. (received July 1942).

[Hoosier Bookshop]. Americana, medicine, miscellaneous, occult books & theosophy. List no. 98, 247 items. Indianapolis, 2135 North Alabama (received July 1942).

[Hoosier Bookshop]. Medical history. List no. 100, 233 items. Indianapolis, 2135 North Ala- bama (received October 1942).

[Hoosier Bookshop]. Medical works printed in America before 1820; also medical journals, early and recent. List no. 96, 204 items. In- dianapolis, 2135 North Alabama (received June 1942).

[Kraus, H. P.]. Books by JOSEPH PRIESTLEY. A remarkable collection of his works. List no. 8, 27 items. New York, 64 E. 55th St. (received October 1942).

[Kraus, H. P.]. Rare books. Notes on the history of old books and manuscripts. Published together with catalogue 24. Incunabula, 16th century literature, early books in the history of science and medicine, classics in important editions. No. 3, 36 p., 50 items. New York, 64 E. 55th St., July 1942.

[Kraus, H. P.]. Americana. Books from the Library of the late Mr. WILBERFORCE EAMES and duplicates from the New York Public Library. First portion, A-K. 170 items. New York, 64 E. 55th St. (received June 1942).

[Kraus, H. P.]. List no. 3. Bibliography and other reference works from the library of the late Mr. WILBERFORCE EAMES. 149 items. New York, 64 E. 55th St. (received June 1942).

[Low, David]. Science and technology. No. 47. 752 items. London, W. C. 2, 17, Cecil Court, Charing Cross Rd. (received November 1942).

[Mathews, Alister]. Rare books. Drawings, manuscripts, engravings. Cat. no. 18, 981 items. Clooney Beg, Swanage (Dorset), England, Christmas 1942.

[Offenbacher, Emil]. Medical and scientific books of the XIXth century. Coming mostly from a Swiss Public library. Summer list 1942, 162 items. New York, 555 Madison Ave., 1942.

[Old Hickory Bookshop]. Medical rarities. List no. 73 and 74, 169 items; 113 items. New York City, 65 Fifth Ave. (received September 1942).

[Quaritch, Bernard]. A catalogue of books & periodicals on astronomy, chemistry, electricity, engineering, mathematics, mining, navigation,

physics, etc. No. 603, 399 items. London, W. 1, 11 Grafton St., New Bond St., 1942.

[Rosenthal, A.]. Rare and unusual books on a variety of subjects. Including a large collection of Spanish books. Cat. III, 63 p., 717 items. Oxford, 40 Banbury Road, 1942.

[Salloch, William]. The Middle Ages and the Renaissance. List 37. 593 items. New York, 344 E. 17th St. (received November 1942).

[Schab, William H.] Four centuries of fine books & manuscripts. An illustrated catalogue of an important library. Cat. no. 5, 171 items. New York, 602 Madison Ave. (received June 1942).

[Schuman's]. Historical Medicine and Science. Medical miscellany, list "E." 263 items. New York, 20 E. 70th St. (received June 1942).

[Schuman's]. Historical Medicine and Science. Medical miscellany, list "F." 32 p., 239 items. New York, 20 E. 70th St. (received September 1942).

[Schuman's]. Medical miscellany. List "G." Featuring an extensive section on psychiatry & neurology. 396 items. New York, 20 E. 70th St. (received December 1942).

59. MEMORIA TECHNICA

Critical Bibliography no. 63-Isis, vol. 34, 1943. This note is published at the end of our

bibliography solely for the convenience of the scholars who cut out the whole or part of it, attach extracts to catalogue cards and classify them. By adding this note to the others they will be able to find out rapidly whether this par- ticular bibliography has been analyzed or not.

Isis nos. 91 to 94 (vol. 33, parts 5-6, vol. 34, parts 1-2), 1942.

These numbers are analyzed in the 63rd Critical Bibliography. Every previous number has been analyzed in previous bibliographies.

60. ERRATA

(For previous errata, see Isis, 34, 91).

Si quis argi oculos habere posset eosque omnes diligentissime ac accuratissime intenderet in singulos versus multa tamen eum inter cor- rigendum effugerent.

Isis, 33, 557. Footnote 3. 'aulicos proceres' est mal traduit par 'country gentleman.' ERASME veut dire dans le passage cite que les gens de cour et non les gentilshommes en general, a une ex- ception pres, 6taient encore etrangers aux bonnes lettres. (HENRI GREGOIRE).



Index to 63rd Critical Bibliography 283

p. 625, last paragraph. It is said that the Pitts- burgh Library printed catalog cards as early as 1896. p. 636. Title of UNANUE'S book, end of first line, influencia en. p. 718. PTOLEMY review, 2. The translator of STENO'S Prodromus (1916) was not FRANK E. ROBBINs but JOHN GARRErr WINTER.

In SARTON'S article, Eskualherria (1942), p. 67, read aitz for sitz.

A few other tnisprints are not mentioned in

these errata, because they are too obvious to cause any error of confusion. I wish to express my thankfulness to the readers who take the trouble to make the above-mentioned correc- tions in their set of Isis and the Introduction. I would advise them, after having accomplished that little task, to write their initials near mine at the bottom of this note to indicate that these and the previous errata have been taken into account. G.S.

These and the previous errata have been corrected . . . . . .

INDEX OF NAMES INCLUDED IN THE SIXTY-THIRD BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Roman figures followed by (1) or (2) refer to the centurial classification (Part I); thus, Adontz, N., X(2) means that a paper by Adontz is listed under tenth century, second half.

The Arabic figures refer to the historical and to the systematic classification (Parts II and III) which are subdivided into sections numbered consecutively from 1 to 60. For instance, Asin Palacios, M., 14 indicates that a paper by Asin

Palacios is listed in section 14 (Islam); Byers, C. F., 27 indicates that a paper by Byers is listed in section 27 (Biology).

The symbols IV(a), IV(b), and IV(c) refer to the new sections on America, Oceania, and Africa at the end of Part II. For instance, Wissler, C., IV(a), indicates that a paper by Wissler is listed in section IV(a) (America). December 16, 1942 FRANCES SIEGEL

A., E., 28 Ackerknecht, E. H., XIX(2)C, 40 Adams, C. C., 57 Adams, H. P. XVIII(1)E Addison, J. T., 14 Adontz, N., X(2) Aiken, P., XIII(2) Allen, C. E., 28 Alonso, A. E., 52 Am. Phil. Society, 16 Andrews, A. C., 28 Anshen, R. N., 18 Arber, A., XVII(2)C Arberry, A. J., 13 Archibald, R. C., XX A Asin Palacios, M., XII(1), 14 Awbery, J. H., XIX(1)B Aykroyd, W. R., XVIII(2)B

Bachatly, C., 2 Baily, J. L., XVII(2)E Bainton, R. H., XVI(1)E, XVI (2)E Baitsell, G. A., 16 Bakos, J., XIII(2) Balister, S., 14 Ball, W. W. R., 20 Barker, J. E., XVIII(2)E Barr, M. M. H., XVIII(2)E Barrett, J. T., XVIII(1)D Bartels, J., 33 Bartlett, H. H., 28 Barton, B. S., XVIII(2)D Barzun, J., XIX(2)E Baumgarten, E., XVIII(2)B Bayley, C. C., XIV(1) Beattie, L. M., XVIII(1)A Bell, A. E., XVII(2)A, XVII(2)E Bell, R., VII (1) Bello, E., XIX(2)D Beltran, J. R., XX D

Benedict, R., 35 Bernard of Clairvaux, XII(1) Bevington, M. M., XIX(2)E Biringuccio, V., XVI(1 ) B Bishop, C. WV.. 10 Blake, R. P., IX(1) Blanton, W. B., XVI(1)D Bobrovnikoff, N. T., XVIII(1)B, 23 Bodde, D., IV(1). VI B.C., 10 Boethius, I (2 ) B.C. Boots, J. L., 11 Boring, E. G., 37 Bowen, M., XVIII(2)E Bowman, A. K., XX D. Bowyer, W., 18 Boyce, G. G., XX E Boyer, C. B., XVII(1)A, 3 Bragg, Sir WV., 24 Brasch, F. E., XVIII(1)A Brearley, H., XX B Breysig, K., XVIII(2)E Brickman, B., XVI(2)E Brinton, C., XIX(2)E Britton, N. P., 14 Bromberg, W., 50 Bromehead, C. N., 11 Bronk, D. W., XVIII(2)B Brown, J. L., XVI(2)E Brown, W. N., 9 Brunot, L., 14 Bryan, G. S., 28 Buchthal, H., 6 Buhler, C. F., XVI(1 )B Burgh, R. F., 14 Buttenwieser, H., 6 Byers, C. F., 27

Calderini, A., 2 Calvert, P. P., 29 Cameron, J. W., 28

Campbell, P., XVIII(2)C Cannizzaro, S., XIX(2)B Carbonell, D., XIX(1 )D Carlson, A. J.,, 36 Carmody, F. J., IX(1) Carnap, R., 18 Carr6, J. R., XVIII(2)E Carver, J., XVIII(2)C Cassirer, E., XV(2) Casson, S., IX B.C. Castiglioni, A., XVII(2)B, 29 Cattell, J., XX E Cauchy, A., XIX(1)A Chancc, B., XVII(2)D Chang, Y. Z., 10 Chapman, S., XVIII (1) B, 33 Chapple, E. D., 35 Chase, F. M., 28 Ch'en Kuo-fu, XIV(1) Chevalier, A., XVIII(2)C Cheyney, E. P., 54 Childe, V. G., 39 Chinese gazetteers, 10 Chinese Medical History Society, 10 Cicero, II (1) B.C. Clagett, M., XV(2) Clapham, J. H., 6 Clark, G., 1 Claro, J. A., XVIII(2)D Clemen, C., 11(2) Clendening, L., 50 Clough, W. O., 46 Codellas, P. S., 7 Coghlan, H. H., 32 Cohen, E., XVIII(1)B Cohen, I. B., XVII(2)B, XVIII(2)B Cohen-De Meester, W. A. T., XVIII (1 )B Compton, A. H., 18 Compton, K. T., XIX(2)B



284 Index to 63rd Critical Bibliography

Conant, J. B., XVII(2)E Connolly, J. L., XV(1) Cook, S. F., XIX(1)D Coomaraswamy, A. K., 9 Coon, C. S., 35 Cope, V. Z., 51 Corner, G. W., 35 Cornford, F. M., IVW(1)B.C. Corte, M. de, VI(1) Cosandey, F., 28 Cossio, J. M. de, XIII(2) Crane, V. W., XVIII(2)B Cresswell, J. R., 6 Crew, H., XIX(2)B Croissant, J., IV(2)B.C. Cummins, H., 29

Dale, A., XVIII(2)B Dampier, Sir W. C., 16 Dari, E. M., XVIII(1)A Darrah, W. C., 28 Das, S. R., 9 Dauzat, A., 46 Davies, A. S., XVIII(1)B Davis, T. L., XIV(1), 25 Davila, G. F., 51 Davison, W. C., 50 Dawkins, R. M., 7 Dawson, P. M., XIX(1)D Day, F. E., 14 De Jong, R. N., 51 Deevey, E. S., Jr., XIX(1)C Delevsksy, J., XVI(2)B Dellepiane, L., XVI (1 )D Demaree. A. L.. XIX(1)C Denes, M.. XIX(2)B Denomy, A. J., XIV(2) Densmore, F., IV(a) Denti, M. A., 18 De Roover, F. E., XII(2) Descoqs, P. (S.J.) XIII(1) Deutsch, A., 7 Devereux, G., IV(a) Dewing, F. R., XIX(2)D Diderot, XVIII(2) E Dietrich, G., XIII(2) Dimand. M. S.. 14 Dioscorides, 1(2) Dobzhansky, T., 27 Donaldson, G., XVI (1 ) E Dow, S., 4 Downey, G., VI(2) Downey, Wv., XIX(I)C Drabkin, M., 1, 6 Drake, T. G. H., XIX(1)D Dresden, A., XX A Drewry, E. B., XX E Dreyfus, C., XVIII(1)D Dubs, H. H., VI B. C. Dulrer, A.. XVI(1)E Duggar, B. M.. 28 Duran. C. M., 50 Durand, D. B.. 16 Dykes, E. B., 35

Ebbell, B., 2 Edelstein, L., II(1 )B.C. Eliot, J., XVIII(2)C Elliott, J. H., XIX(1 )D Emery, C., XVIII(2)E Emrich, D. B. M., XI(1) Engelmann, G., XIX(1 )C

Erasmus, D., XVI (1) E Erhardt, R. v., III(2)B.C. Erhardt-Siebold, E. v., III(2) B.C. Euler, XVIII (1 )A Evans, R. I., 28 Ewing, A. W., XIX(2)B Eyles, J. M., XIX(1)C

Faldini, J., XX D Farmer, H., 14 Feather, N., XX B Felter, H. W., 53 Fenton, W. N., IV(a) Fernald, M. L., (28) Ficarra, B. J., 50 Fichter, J. H., XVI(2)E Fink, R. O., III(1) Fischer, I., XIX(1)D Fitz, R., XVIII(2)D Forssman, J., XVIII(2)E Frank, P., 18 Franklin, B., XVIII(2)B Frazer, Sir J. G., XVIII(2)E Friedenwald, H., 12, 51 Friedlinder, P. II(1)B.C. Fritz, K. v., 5 Fiichtbauer, Ritter v., XIX(1 ) B Fueter, E., 16 Fulling, E. H., XVIII(1 )C Fulton, J. F., 50 Fung Yu-lan, XII-2, 10 Furlani, G., 11(2)

Gabrieli, F., XI(2) Galambos, R., XVIII(2)C Galdi, M., VI(1) Galdston, I., 51 Gallocher, S. A., 50 Gandolfo, C. F., XX D Gardner, F. T.. XIX(2)D Gask, G. E., S Gaul, J. H., 1 Gerard, R. W., 35 Gesell, A.. 35 Geymiiller, A., XVIII(1)E Giedion, S., 45 Gilbert, E. M., 28 Gilbert, Sir H.. XVI(2)C Gill, H. V., XVIII (1) B Gittler, J. B., 4 Glidden, H. W., 14 Gliozzi, M., XVI(1)E Godart, J., XVIII(1)E Gode-von Aesch, A., XIX(1) E G6hring, M., XVIII(2)E Goodman, N., XVIII(2)D Goodman, N. G., XVIII(2)B Goodrich. L. C., XIV(2), 10, 29 Gordon, B. L., 12 Gordon, C. H., 3 GCordon, M. B., 13 Grabmann, M., XIII(1) Grace, E. R., 40 Graf, G., XI (1) Gray, A., XIX(1)C Green, E. L., XIX(2)B Gr6goire, H., IV(1), XI(2), 7, 16 Gregory, Sir R., 16, 17 Griggs, E. L., XVIII (2) E Gsell. S., 4 Gueroutil, M., XVIII(2)E Guillaume, A., 12, 49

Guiraud, J., 6 Gumpert, M., XVIII(2)D Gurtner, H., XIX(2)C Gwynn, S., XVIII(2)C

Haden. R. L., XVII(2)B Hadfield, R. A., XIX(2)B Hagberg, K., XVIII(1)C Hagen, B. v., 1 Hall, C. R., XVIII(2)D Hall, V. E., 35 Hamann, R., XII(1) Hardie, C., IX B.C. Harley, G. WV., IV(C) Hawkes, J., 39 Hawkes, L., XIX(1) C Hegner, R. WV., 29 Henning, WV. B., 8 Hermannsson, H., XIII(2) Herrmann, A., 10 Hildburgh, W. L., 6 Hilgenberg, L., VII(1) Hill, J., 50 Hinks, R. P., IX(1) Hinsdale, G., 50 Hirsch, E. WV., 3 Hoey, A. S., 11(1) Hoff, E. C., 50 Honeyman, A. M., VI (2) Honigmann, E., VI(2) Hopkins, L. C., 10 Hornell, J., 38 Horton, P. B., 43 Houghton, W. E., Jr., XVII(1 )E Hoyt, W. D., Jr., XVIII (2)D Hrdlicka, A., 35 Hrozny, B., 28 Hubbell, T. H., 27 Hulbert-Powell, C. L., XVIII(1)E Hume, D., XVIII(1)E Hume, E. E., 29, 50 Humphreys, W. J., 33 Husselman, E., XI(1)

Ivins, W. M., Jr., XVII(1 )A

Jackson, D. C., 26 Janssens, H. F., XIII(2) jasny, N., 1 Jeanmaire, H., I(2)B.C. Jim6nez, F. H.. XII(2) Joannides, D. C., VII (1), XI (1) Johnson, D., 32 Johnson, F. R., XVI(2)A Johnston, E. H., V B.C. Jones, H. S., XVIII(1)B Jones, S. I., 20 Jones, NV. H. S., XVI(1)D Jouai, L. A. A., IV(2) Jurji, E. J., XV(2)

Kanner, L., 40 Kapp, R. O., 27 Kasner, E., 20 Kein, O., XVIII(2)E Keith, Sir A., XIX(2)C, 12 Kendall, J., XVIII(2)B Kennedy, G. A., VI B.C. Ker, N. R., 6 de Keyser, R., XI(2) Khairallah, A. A., 14 Khan, M. A. R., 14



Index to 63rd Critical Bibliography 285

Kibre, P., XV(1), 6 Kieffer, J. E., XVIII(2)D Kirfel, W., VII (1) Kisch, G., 6 Kleinschmidt, E. E. XIX(2)B Kline, G. M., 25 Koenig, F. O., XIX (2) B Korn, A., XX A Koyr6, A., XVII (2) B Kracke, E. A., Jr., XI(2) Kramm, H., XVIII(2)D Kraus, M., XVIII (1) E Krenger, W., 50 Krieger, H. W., IV(b) Krieghbaum, H., 17 Krogman, W. M., 34 Kuhnel, J., XVIII(2)E Kunstler, W. E., 50 Kurz, O., 6 Kutsch, 10, 14

Lacombe, O., XI(2) Lafont, J. B., 34 (Lamarck), XVIII(2)C Lambrechts, P., 6 La Mettrie, J. 0. de, XVIII(1 )E Lang, P. H., 45 Langstaff, J. B., XVIII(2)D Larguier, E. H. (S.J.), 20 Larnaudie, R., XVIII(2)D Larsen, E. L., XVIII(2)C Lastres, J. B., IV(a), XVII(2)D Laubie, Y., 8 Laurent, H., XIV(1) Leake, C. D., 49 Lee, E., XIX(2)D Leibniz, G. W., XV11(2)A Lentz, W., 8 Levi Della Vida, G., XVI(2)C Levy, P., 8 Lewis, B., IX(2) Lewis, B., 14 Lewis, F. T., XVII(2)E Lewy, J., 3 Liebermann, S., 12 Lilley, S., 20 Lillie, R. S., 27 Lloyd, C. G., 53 Lloyd, J. U., XIX(2)D, 53 Lones, T. E., XVII(2)B, XVIII(1)B Loomis, C. G., XVII(2)D Lopez, L. V., IV(a) Lovejoy, A. O., IV(2) Low, F. N., XVI(1)D Lowdermilk, W. C., 10 Lowinger, A., 18 Luck, J. M., 35 Luzzatto, M. H., XVIII(1)E Lynch, L. E., XIII(1)

Macrae, C., XVI(1)E Maestro, M. T., XVIII(2)E Maluf, N. S. R., XVIII(2)C Manetho, III (1) B.C. Mangelsdorf, P. C., 28 Marafi6n, G., XVIII(1)C (March of Medicine), 50 Maritain, J., XIII(2) Marrocco, W. T., XIV(2) Marroquin, J., 14 Martin, E. A., XVIII(2)C Martin, R. A., 1

Massignon, L., XIII(1) Mayer, C. F., XVI(1)E Mayer, C. F., 14, 50 Mayer, J., 43 McColley, G., XVI(2)B McCown, T. D., 12 McDaniel, W. B. 2nd, XV(2) McDiarmid, J. B., 5 McDonald, A., 28 McFall, W. A., XIX(1)D McFarland, J., XIX(2)D McGinty, M. E., XII (1) McGregor, J. C., IV(a) MacKinney, L., 29 McMurtrie, D. C., XV(1) McPherson, J. W., 14 (Mead Johnson & Co.), 50 Meech, S. B., XV(1) Mees, C. E. K., 25 Meinecke, B., I(1) Menut, A. D., XIV(2) Mercator, G., XVI(1)B Mercier, R., XIX(2)B Merrill, E. D., XVIII(1)C, XIX(1)C Meyer, A. W., XVII(2)D Meyer, H., 12 Meyerhof, M., XI(1). 14 Middleton, W. S., XVIII(2)D,

XIX(1)D Midle, C., 29 Mierzecki, H., 34 Mill, J. S., 43 Millis Vallicrosa, J. M., 14 Miller, B., XV(2) Miller, D. C., XX B Minorsky, V., XII(1), XIII(2) Minovi, M., XIII(2) Mises, R. v., 18 Mitchell, S. A., XV111(2)B Molnar, E. J., 53 Monod-Cassidy, H., XVIII(1 )E Mlontagu, M. F. A., XVI(1)B, XX C,

37, 43 Montgomery, D. W., I(2)B.C. Montgomery, D. W., 34 Moorman, J. R. H., XIII (1) Moorman, L. J., XVIII(2)D Moravecsik, G., X(2) Moreno, A. R., XVI(1)D Morgagni, G., XVIII (1 )D Morgan Library, 56 Morison, S. E., XV(2) Morris, C. W., 18 Morris, E. H., 14 Morton, C., XVII (2)B Morton, L., XVIII(2)C Mozley, J. F., XVI(2)E Miuller-Thym, B. J. XIV(1) Munsterberg, M., 20 Muntner, S., XII-2

Nachmanson, E., V B.C. Nallino, C. A., 14 Napjus, J. W., 1(2) Naylor, M. V., XIX(1)D, XIX(2)D Needham, J., XVII(1)E Neugebauer, O., 1(2), III(2)B.C., 2 Neumann, R. XVIII(2)D Neurath, O., 18 N6ve de M6vergnies, P., XVII(1)E Neville, E. H., XX A

Newhall, B., 26 Newman, J., 20 Nichols, J. R., XIX(2)B Nilsson, M. P., XX E Nittis, S., V B.C. Nolan, J. B., XVIII(2)B Norlind, O., XVI(2)B Norman, D., 30 Nowell, C. E., XV(2) Nyberg, H. S., VII(2) Nykl, A. R., XIV(2), XVI(1)E

O'Dea, W. T., 26 Oesterley, W. 0. E., 12 Oliver, W. W., XIX(2)D Olivier, E., 5 Olmsted, J. W., XVII(2)B Olschki, L., XVII(2)B

Packard, F. R., XVIII(2)D, 50 Pagel, W., XVII(2)B Paneth, F. A., XVI(1)D Paoli, H. J., XVI(2)C Parergon, 45 Pascal, B., XVII (1 )A Patterson, T. S., XX B Paz Soldan, C. E., XIX(1)D, XIX(2)D Pease, A. S., VI B.C. Peattie, D. C., XIX(1)C, XX C Pelseneer, J., XIX(2)B Pennell, F. W., XVIII(2)C Penrose, S. B. L., Jr., 54 Pefiuela, J. M., XIII(1) Periot, M., 35 Pertis, T. de, 50 Peters, J. P., 51 Petrie, F., 2 Petrie, G. F., XIX(2)D Petry, R. C., XIII(1) Pfeiffer, R. H., 12 Phillips, D., 49 Pico della Mirandola, G., XV(2) Pirenne, M. H., 45 Pitfield, R. L., XX E Plenderleith, H. J., 57 Pliny, I(2) Plummer, H. C., XVII(2)B. XVIII(1)B Postell, W. D., XIX(1ID, XIX(2)D Powell, J. E., V B.C. Powell, R. W., 24 Power, E., 6 Priest, A., 10 Proskauer, C., XIX(1 )D Prostov, E. V., 29 Ptolemy, 11 (1)

Quynn, D. M., 51

Radbill, S. X., XIX(1)D Rahder, J., XIII(1) Ramsperger, A. G., 18 Rand, E. K., IX(2), XIII(2) Ray, D. N., 9 Ray, M. B., 50 Read, J., 25 Read, T. T., 32 Redfield, R., 27 Reed, H. S., 28 Reese, G., 6 Reininger, W., 34 Renaud, H. P. J., 14 Revells, J. T., XVIII(2)D



286 Index to 63rd Critical Bibliography

Revilliod, P.. 16 Reynolds, R. L., XV(1) Ricard, R.. XV(2) Ricci, S. de, 6 Richards, H. C., XVIII(2)B Richardson, M., 20 Roberts, F. H. H., Jr., 14 Robinson, J. B., S0 Roemer, M. I., 50 Roersch, A., XVI(1)E Roger, J. S., 27 Rogers, S. L., 40 Rolleston, Sir H., XVII(2)D, XIX(1)D Romer, A., XIX(2)B Rordorf, H., XIX(2)D Rosen, G., XVIII(2)D, XIX(1)D, 34,

51 Rosen, L., 26 Rosen, S. McK., 26 Rosenthal, F.. V B.C. Ross, A. C., 9 Rostovtzeff, M., 4 Royster, H. A., XIX(1)D Ruben, W., 9 Rudbeck, O., XVII(2)D

Sagui, C. L., 6 Santayana, G., 48 Santillana, G. D. de, XVII(2)B Saint-LUger, A. R., de, XVIII(2)B Sarton, G., XV(2), XVII(2)D,

.XVII(2)E, XVIII(2)C, XIX(2)C, 16, 30

Sbordone, F., 11(2) Schelling, F., XIX (1)E Schlauch, M., 46 Schmid, G., XVIII(2)E Schiumberger, H. G., XIX(2)D Schopf, J. D., XVIII(2)D Schouteet, A., XVI(2)A Schroll, M. A., VII(2) Schubert, J., 8 Schurmann, P. F., 16 Sckommodau, H., XVIII(2)E Scott, E. K., XVIII(2)B Scott, N. E., 2 Scott, W. R., XVIII(2)E Seco de Lucena Paredes, L., XI(I) Seele, K. C.. 2 Seifriz, W., 27 Selter, H. F., XVIII(2)E Sert, J. L., 43 Shaw, J. B., 20 Sheehan, D., XVIII(2)D Sherrington, Sir C., XVIII(2)E Siddall, R. S., XVIII(1)D Sigerist, H. E., 6, XIX(1)D, 51 Sikes, J. G., XIV(1) Simpson. G. G., XVIII(2)C, 29

Singer, C., XIX(1 )D, 16 Singer, D. W., 35 Slotty, F., I Smalley, B., 6 Smith, B. G., 29 Smith, C. H., 49 Smith, G. M., 28 Smith, P., XIX(1)D Smith, WV. S., 2 Smythe, J. A., 5 Snyder, W. F., 11(1) Speck, F. G., 14 Spector, B. XIX 1 )D Spinka, M., VI(2) Spitzer, L., 29 Stalker, H., 50 Stegemann, V.,, XI(1) Steiger, A., XIII(2) Stein, Sir A., 5 Stein, Sir M. A., 13 Stein, O., 111(1) Steindorff, G., 2 Stem, B. J., 43 Stevens, F., 39 Stine, C. M. A., XX B Stirling, M. WV., 14 Stocks, J. L., XVIII(2)E St6rck, A., XVIII(2)D Struik, D. J., 20 Stubbs, G., XVIII(2)D Swanton, J. R., 43

Taqizadeh, S. H., 14 Taylor, A., 56 Teggart, F. J., 10 Temkin, O., IX(2) Thau, W., XIX(1)D Thomas, I., 4 Thomas, W. S., 17 Thompson, C. J. S., 50 Thompson, D'Arcy W., 16 Thomson, S., XIX(1 )D Thomson, S. C., 51 Thomson, S. H., 6 Thorington, J. M., XIX(1)D Thorndike, L.. XIII(2), XIV(1),

XIV(2), XV(1), XVI(1)E, I(2), 6 Thurston, A. P., XIX(2)B Tilemann, H., XVI(1)D Titley, A., XVIII(2)B Togan, A. Z. V., XI(1) (Trilogie altindischer Machte), 8 Turenne, A., 52 Tuve, R., XVI(2)E

Unanue, J. H., XVIII(1)C Ynver, A. S., XVIII(2)D, 40 Urdang, G., XVII(2)D Usher, A. P., 26

Varro, I(2)B.C. Vats, M. S., 9 Ver Eecke, P., 4 Vera, F., 16 Volney, C. F., XVIII(2)E Von der Becke, A.. XIX (1 )D

W-ailes, E., 26, Wasiutynski, J., XVI(1)B WVaterman, J. M., XVIII(2)D WVebster, 46 W-Vehr, H., XI(2) WVeinberg, J. R., XIV(1) XVeinberger, B. W.. 50 WVeiss, H., XVII(2) B NVeiss, R., XV(1) Wheat, C., XIX(2)C Wheelock, E., XVIII(2)E White, L., Jr., 49 Whiting, J. W. M., IV(b) Whorf, B. L., 14 Wickes, D. R., 10 Wickwar, W. H., XVIII(2)E WViken, E., 5 Wilbur, C. M., 10 WVild, J., XVIII (O1)E Williamson, R. S., 2 WVillis, B., XIX(2)C Wilson, E. B., XIX(2)C Wilson, J. W., XVIII(2)C Wilson, L. M., 5 WVilson, M. L., 28 Wilson, W. J., XV(2), 6, 56 Winkler, H. A., 2 NWinternitz, E., XV(2) WVissler, C., IV(a) WVodehouse, R. P., 28 WNoledge, G., 23 WNIolf, F. A., XVIII(2)E WVolfenden, H. H., 21 WVolff, C., XVIII(1)E WVolfson, H. A., I(2), XII(1) Woodward, C. R., XVIII(2)C W'oolard, E. W., 23, 33 Wroth, L. C., 56 WVu, G. D., 10 WVulsin, F. R., IV(c)

Yao Shan-yu, 10 Young, H. H., XIX(1)D Young, W. A., XVIII(M)B

Zeiller, J., IV(1) Zilboorg, G.. 50 Zilsel, E., 18 Zirkle, C., 16 Zollschan, I., 35 Zweig, S., XV(2), XVI(2)E

