situation of aging in situation of aging in Viet Nam and some of Viet Nam and some of

its related figures its related figures

Some definitionsSome definitions

• An aging population is a population in which those with An aging population is a population in which those with the age of 60 and above occupied 10% or 65 and above the age of 60 and above occupied 10% or 65 and above occupied 7%.occupied 7%.

• An aged population is a population with above mentioned An aged population is a population with above mentioned indicators are 20% and 14% respectively.indicators are 20% and 14% respectively.

• An super aged population is population with above An super aged population is population with above mentioned indicators are 30% and 25% respectively.mentioned indicators are 30% and 25% respectively.

• The aging index is calculated by number of person aged The aging index is calculated by number of person aged 60 and above per 100 person under 15 year old.60 and above per 100 person under 15 year old.

• The Potential Support Ratio (PSR): The number of people The Potential Support Ratio (PSR): The number of people age 15-64 per one older person aged 65 or older. This age 15-64 per one older person aged 65 or older. This ratio describe the burden placed on working population by ratio describe the burden placed on working population by the non-working elderly group (not included the non-working elderly group (not included unemployment and children.) unemployment and children.)

What make the elderly pop What make the elderly pop increasedincreased

• 3 important factors make the elderly 3 important factors make the elderly population increased:population increased:

1989 1999 2009

TFR 3.8 2.9 2.03

IMR ? 20/1000 16/1000

LEB 64.8 68.2 72.8

Age structure of the vietnamese population Age structure of the vietnamese population 1979-20091979-2009

Year Number of Persons (millions) Percentage of Total Population

Total

0-14 15-19

60+ 0-14 15-19

60+

1979

53.74

23.40

26.63

3.71 41.8 51.3 6.9

1989

64.38

24.98

34.76

4.64 39.2 53.6 7.2

1999

76.33

25.56

44.58

6.19 33.0 58.9 8.1

2009

85.79

21.45

56.62

7.72 25.0 66.2 9.0Source: Population and housing census 1979. 89, 09’

Aging index and potential support ratio in Aging index and potential support ratio in Vietnam 1979-2049Vietnam 1979-2049

Year 1979

1989

1999

2099

2019

2024

2029

2034

2039

2044

2049

Aging Index(AI)

16 17 24 36 50 65 85 107 124 141 158

Source: Population and housing census 1979, 89’, 99’, 2009

Life expectancies at 60 for Vietnam and Life expectancies at 60 for Vietnam and other countries other countries

Country Life expectancies at 60Female Male

China 20 17

Indonesia 18 16

Republic of Korea

23 18

Malaysia 19 17

Philippines 19 17

Singapore 23 20

Thailand 20 17

Vietnam 20 18

The Vietnamese population: Rapid The Vietnamese population: Rapid growth of “oldest old”growth of “oldest old”

Age group (% of Pop.)

1979 1989 1999 2009 2019 2029 2039 2049

60-64 2.28 2.40 2.31 2.26 4.29 5.28 5.80 7.04

65-69 1.90 1.90 2.20 1.81 2.78 4.56 5.21 6.14

70-74 1.34 1.40 1.58 1.65 1.67 3.36 4.30 4.89

75-79 0.90 0.80 1.09 1.40 1.16 1.91 3.28 3.87

80+ 0.54 0.70 0.93 1.47 1.48 1.55 2.78 4.16

Total 6.96 7.20 8.11 8.69 11.78 16.66 21.37 26.10

Source: Population and Housing Census 1979, 89’, 99’, and 2009; GSO(2010)

Time needed to move from “aging” Time needed to move from “aging” to “aged” in some countries to “aged” in some countries

Source: Kinsella and Gist (1995); US Census Bureau (2005); Vietnam: GSO (2010)

Days with iiiness and disability, by ageDays with iiiness and disability, by age

Source: Evans et all, (2007a)

DALYs by major disease groups, Viet Nam 2008

YLL and YLD as proportion of total burden by sex, Viet Nam 2008

Income sources of the elderly

Source: VHLSS 2008

Challenge for securing elderly income:Challenge for securing elderly income:”getting old before getting rich””getting old before getting rich”

Source: World Health Statistic 2008

Some orientation documentsSome orientation documents

1.1. Party congress number XI for health Party congress number XI for health sector’ orientation and responsibilities sector’ orientation and responsibilities

2.2. Socio-economic development strategy Socio-economic development strategy for the period of 2011- 2020 for the period of 2011- 2020

3.3. People’s health care and protection People’s health care and protection strategy for the period of 2011-2020 and strategy for the period of 2011-2020 and 5 year plan of the health sector 2011-5 year plan of the health sector 2011-20152015

4.4. Laws for the elderly Laws for the elderly

5.5. Draft guidance for implementation for Draft guidance for implementation for the elderly’s healththe elderly’s health

Party’s documentsParty’s documents

1. To make sure that the elderly be well taking care off. Especially they are all will be able to access all information, knowledge concerning health and health care etc.

2. Integration between all concerning sectors in order to well implement health care activities, especially mental health for the elderly at community levels. Mobilize family’s roles in taking care of the elderly

strategy for people’s health care and strategy for people’s health care and protection period 11’-20 and health care protection period 11’-20 and health care

plan for 2011-2015plan for 2011-2015

Strengthen health care sector organization:Strengthen health care sector organization:

+ To consolidate, develop, and capacity + To consolidate, develop, and capacity building for health care network at grass-root building for health care network at grass-root levels, network of preventive medicine.levels, network of preventive medicine.

+ To build, develop a network of family + To build, develop a network of family medicine doctors, providing health care medicine doctors, providing health care services at household level, and health care services at household level, and health care for the elderly.for the elderly.

+ Speed up PHC for increasing accessibility + Speed up PHC for increasing accessibility to health care services, notice is given to to health care services, notice is given to non-communicable diseases. non-communicable diseases.

The elderly’s lawsThe elderly’s laws

• Annual health care budget will be made and provided for Annual health care budget will be made and provided for implementing health care and mobilizing roles of the implementing health care and mobilizing roles of the elderly.elderly.

• Developing a network of Gerontology in order to satisfying Developing a network of Gerontology in order to satisfying needs of the elderly for medical checked and treatment; needs of the elderly for medical checked and treatment; training for the elderly nurses.training for the elderly nurses.

• Promoting and providing opportunities for the elderly to Promoting and providing opportunities for the elderly to implementing their physical exercises, participating in implementing their physical exercises, participating in different training, culture activities, improving mental life, different training, culture activities, improving mental life, living in a safety life and humanitarian and being living in a safety life and humanitarian and being respected, bringing into play the roles of the elderly in respected, bringing into play the roles of the elderly in social development.social development.

• The law has been detailed in the elderly’s right in having The law has been detailed in the elderly’s right in having medical checked and treatment at home and at medical checked and treatment at home and at community, health insurance, monthly subsidize etc. community, health insurance, monthly subsidize etc.

Problems that old people are facingProblems that old people are facing

• Not having been well prepared for going to aging Not having been well prepared for going to aging

• Possibilities of involving in social/family activitiesPossibilities of involving in social/family activities

• Still have to earn for daily life, especially in rural Still have to earn for daily life, especially in rural areas.areas.

• Not having full respect from society as expectedNot having full respect from society as expected

• Problems with chronic diseases and mental Problems with chronic diseases and mental healthhealth

• Social and health security.Social and health security.

Possible research & solutions Possible research & solutions

• To generate nationally representative data and comprehensive studies on aging and the elderly population: Such data and studies will provide essential inputs for the development of appropriate policies.

• In some studies, the elderly are considered to be burdens rather than important contributors to their community and families through their social and economic activities. The data set mentioned above is needed to provide substantive policies.

Possible research & solutions Possible research & solutions

• Well preparing for those who are becoming aging.Well preparing for those who are becoming aging.

• Trying to find out and apply different active aging models.Trying to find out and apply different active aging models.

• Educate whole society about the nature of aging.Educate whole society about the nature of aging.

• Developing curricula for training at health/educational Developing curricula for training at health/educational system.system.

• Using findings from successful models as evidences for Using findings from successful models as evidences for widely applying and policy advocacy purposes as well. widely applying and policy advocacy purposes as well.

• Create different networks for aging and supporting the Create different networks for aging and supporting the elderly and sharing experience among those.elderly and sharing experience among those.

• Learning experience internationally in order to applying to Learning experience internationally in order to applying to where those fit. Eg, health age city where those fit. Eg, health age city