TASK 1Find : IP Address > 172.25.114.250Network Mask > 255.255.0.0 (/16)Answer : IP Address127.25.114.25010101100000110011001000001111101

Network Mask255.255.0.011111111111111110000000000000000

Total Number of Host Bit16

Number of Host65534

Work Sheet :1. IP Address

172/2 = 86 = 025/2 = 12 = 1144/2 = 72 = 0250/2 = 125 = 0

86/2 = 43 = 012/2 = 6 = 072/2 = 36 = 0125/2 = 62 = 1

43/2 = 21 = 16/2 = 3 = 036/2 = 18 = 062/2 = 31 = 0

21/2 = 10 =13/2 = 1 = 118/2 = 9 = 031/2 = 15 = 1

10/2 = 5 = 01/2 = 0 = 19/2 = 4 = 115/2 = 7 = 1

5/2 = 2 = 10/2 = 0 = 04/2 = 2 = 07/2 = 3 = 1

2/2 = 1 = 00/2 = 0 = 02/2 = 1 = 03/2 = 1 = 1

1/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 01/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 1

10101100000110011001000011111010

2. Network Mask255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111110000000000000000

3. Number of Host

Number of Host = 32 16= 16= 2^16 2= 65534

TASK 2PROBLEM 1 Host IP Address > 172.30.1.33Network Mask > 255.255.0.0(/16)Answer :IP Address 172.30.1.3310101100000111100000000100100001

Network Mask255.255.0.011111111111111110000000000000000

Network Address172.30.0.010101100000111100000000000000000

Network Broadcast Address172.30.255.25510101100000111101111111111111111

Total Number of Host Bit16

Number of Host65536 or 65534

Work Sheet : STEP11. Changing the IP address and network mask into binary numbers .

172/2 = 86 = 030/2 = 15 = 01/2 = 0 = 133/2 = 16 = 1

86/2 = 43 = 015/2 = 7 = 10/2 = 0 = 016/2 = 8 = 0

43/2 = 21 = 17/2 = 3 = 10/2 = 0 = 08/2 = 4 = 0

21/2 = 10 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 04/2 = 2 = 0

10/2 = 5 = 01/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 02/2 = 1 = 0

5/2 = 2 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 01/2 = 0 = 1

2/2 = 1 = 00/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

10101100000111100000000100100001

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111110000000000000000

STEP2

2.Looking for Network Address , by adding binary digits of the IP Address and Network Mask using the AND operator . Note; 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if there is a 0 on the right AND the result is 0 .

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Network Mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Network Address> 172.30.0.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000000. 00000000

STEP3

3. Finding the Broadcast Address by replacing the whole numbers from 0 to number the host becomes number 1 .

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Network Mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Network Address> 172.30.0.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000000. 00000000Broadcast Address> 172.30.255.255= 10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 11111111

STEP4

4. By counting the number of host bits then we can find the Total Number of Host Bits . Host Bits = 16, then 2^16 = 65536, 65536-2 = 65534

PROBLEM 2 Host IP Address > 172.30.1.33Network Mask > 255.255.255.0(/24)Answer :IP Address 172.30.1.3310101100000111100000000100100001

Network Mask255.255.255.011111111111111111111111100000000

Network Address172.30.1.010101100000111100000000100000000

Network Broadcast Address172.30.1.25510101100000111100000000111111111

Total Number of Host Bit8

Number of Host256 or 254

Work Sheet : STEP 11. Changing the IP address and network mask into binary numbers .

172/2 = 86 = 030/2 = 15 = 01/2 = 0 = 133/2 = 16 = 1

86/2 = 43 = 015/2 = 7 = 10/2 = 0 = 016/2 = 8 = 0

43/2 = 21 = 17/2 = 3 = 10/2 = 0 = 08/2 = 4 = 0

21/2 = 10 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 04/2 = 2 = 0

10/2 = 5 = 01/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 02/2 = 1 = 0

5/2 = 2 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 01/2 = 0 = 1

2/2 = 1 = 00/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

10101100000111100000000100100001

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111111111111100000000

STEP 22.Looking for Network Address , by adding binary digits of the IP Address and Network Mask using the AND operator . Note; 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if there is a 0 on the right AND the result is 0.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Network Mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Network Address> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000000

STEP 33. Finding the Broadcast Address by replacing the whole numbers from 0 to number the host becomes number 1 .

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Network Mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Network Address> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 00000000Broadcast Address> 172.30.1.255= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 11111111

STEP 44. By counting the number of host bits then we can find the Total Number of Host Bits . Host Bits = 8 , then 2^8 =256 , 256-2 = 254

PROBLEM 3Host IP Address > 192.168.10.234Network Mask > 255.255.255.0(/24)Answer :

IP Address192.168.10.23411000000101010000000101011101010

Network Mask255.255.255.011111111111111111111111100000000

Network Address192.168.10.011000000101010000000101000000000

Network Broadcast Address192.168.10.25511000000101010000000101011111111

Total Number of Host Bit8

Number of Host256 or 254

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP address and network mask into binary numbers .

192/2 = 96 = 0168/2 = 84 = 010/2 = 5 = 0234/2 = 117 = 0

96/2 = 48 = 084/2 = 42 = 05/2 = 2 = 1117/2 = 58 = 1

48/2 = 24 = 042/2 = 21 = 02/2 = 1 = 058/2 = 29 = 0

24/2 = 12 = 021/2 = 10 = 11/2 = 0 = 129/2 = 14 = 1

12/2 = 6 = 010/2 = 5 = 00/2 = 0 = 014/2 = 7 = 0

6/2 = 3 = 05/2 = 2 = 10/2 = 0 = 07/2 = 3 = 1

3/2 = 1 = 12/2 = 1 = 00/2 = 0 = 03/2 = 1 = 1

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 01/2 = 0 = 1

11000000101010000000101011101010

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111111111111100000000

STEP 22.Looking for Network Address , by adding binary digits of the IP Address and Network Mask using the AND operator . Note; 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if there is a 0 on the right AND the result is 0.

IP Address> 192.168.10.234= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 11101010Network Mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Network Address> 192.168.10.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 00000000

STEP 33. Finding the Broadcast Address by replacing the whole numbers from 0 to number the host becomes number 1 .

IP Address> 192.168.10.234= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 11101010Network Mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Network Address> 192.168.10.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 00000000Broadcast Address> 192.168.10.255= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 11111111

STEP 44. By counting the number of host bits then we can find the Total Number of Host Bits . Host Bits = 8 , then 2^8 =256 , 256-2 = 254

PROBLEM 4Host IP Address > 172.17.99.71Network Mask > 255.255.0.0(/16)Answer :

IP Address172.17.99.7110101100000100010110001101000111

Network Mask255.255.0.011111111111111110000000000000000

Network Address172.17.0.010101100000100010000000000000000

Network Broadcast Address172.17.255.25510101100000100011111111111111111

Total Number of Host Bit16

Number of Host65536 or 65534

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP address and network mask into binary numbers .

172/2 = 86 = 017/2 = 8 = 199/2 = 49 = 171/2 = 35 = 1

86/2 = 43 = 08/2 = 4 = 049/2 = 24 = 135/2 = 17 = 1

43/2 = 21 = 14/2 = 2 = 024/2 = 12 = 017/2 = 8 = 1

21/2 = 10 = 12/2 = 1 = 012/2 = 6 = 08/2 = 4 = 0

10/2 = 5 = 01/2 = 0 = 16/2 = 3 = 04/2 = 2 = 0

5/2 = 2 = 10/2 = 0 = 03/2 = 1 = 02/2 = 1 = 0

2/2 = 1 = 00/2 = 0 = 01/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 1

1/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

10101100000100010110001101000111

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111110000000000000000

STEP 22.Looking for Network Address , by adding binary digits of the IP Address and Network Mask using the AND operator . Note; 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if there is a 0 on the right AND the result is 0.

IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Network Mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Network Address> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000

STEP 33. Finding the Broadcast Address by replacing the whole numbers from 0 to number the host becomes number 1 .

IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Network Mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Network Address> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000Broadcast Address> 172.17.255.255= 10101100. 00010001. 11111111. 11111111

STEP 44. By counting the number of host bits then we can find the Total Number of Host Bits . Host Bits = 16 , then 2^16 = 65536 , 65536-2 = 65534

PROBLEM 5 Host IP Address > 192.168.3.219Network Mask > 255.255.0.0(/16)Answer :

IP Address192.168.3.21911000000101010000000001111011011

Network Mask255.255.0.011111111111111110000000000000000

Network Address192.168.0.011000000101010000000000000000000

Network Broadcast Address192.168.255.25511000000101010001111111111111111

Total Number of Host Bit16

Number of Host65536 or 65534

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP address and network mask into binary numbers .

192/2 = 96 = 0168/2 = 84 = 03/2 = 1 = 1219/2 = 109 = 1

96/2 = 48 = 084/2 = 42 = 01/2 = 0 = 1109/2 = 54 = 1

48/2 = 24 = 042/2 = 21 = 00/2 = 0 = 054/2 = 27 = 0

24/2 = 12 = 021/2 = 10 = 10/2 = 0 = 027/2 = 13 = 1

12/2 = 6 = 010/2 = 5 = 00/2 = 0 = 013/2 = 6 = 1

6/2 = 3 = 05/2 = 2 = 10/2 = 0 = 06/2 = 3 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 12/2 = 1 = 00/2 = 0 = 03/2 = 1 = 1

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 01/2 = 0 =1

11000000101010000000001111011011

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111110000000000000000

STEP 22.Looking for Network Address , by adding binary digits of the IP Address and Network Mask using the AND operator . Note; 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if there is a 0 on the right AND the result is 0.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Network Mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Network Address> 192.168.0.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000000. 00000000

STEP 33. Finding the Broadcast Address by replacing the whole numbers from 0 to number the host becomes number 1.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Network Mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Network Address> 192.168.0.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000000. 00000000Broadcast Address> 192.168.255.255= 11000000. 10101000. 11111111. 11111111

STEP 44. By counting the number of host bits then we can find the Total Number of Host Bits . Host Bits = 16 , then 2^16 = 65536 , 65536-2 = 65534

PROBLEM 6Host IP Address > 192.168.3.219Network Mask > 255.255.255.224(/27)Answer :IP Address192.168.3.21911000000101010000000001111011011

Network Mask255.255.255.22411111111111111111111111111100000

Network Address192.168.3.19211000000101010000000101011000000

Network Broadcast Address192.168.255.25511000000101010000000101011011111

Total Number of Host Bit5

Number of Host32 or 30

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP address and network mask into binary numbers .

192/2 = 96 = 0168/2 = 84 = 03/2 = 1 = 1219/2 = 109 = 1

96/2 = 48 = 084/2 = 42 = 01/2 = 0 = 1109/2 = 54 = 1

48/2 = 24 = 042/2 = 21 = 00/2 = 0 = 054/2 = 27 = 0

24/2 = 12 = 021/2 = 10 = 10/2 = 0 = 027/2 = 13 = 1

12/2 = 6 = 010/2 = 5 = 00/2 = 0 = 013/2 = 6 = 1

6/2 = 3 = 05/2 = 2 = 10/2 = 0 = 06/2 = 3 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 12/2 = 1 = 00/2 = 0 = 03/2 = 1 = 1

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 01/2 = 0 =1

11000000101010000000001111011011

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1224/2 = 112 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1112/2 = 56 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 156/2 = 28 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 128/2 = 14 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =114/2 = 7 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 = 1

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 1

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 1

11111111111111111111111111100000

STEP 22.Looking for Network Address , by adding binary digits of the IP Address and Network Mask using the AND operator . Note; 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if there is a 0 on the right AND the result is 0.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Network Mask> 255.255.255.244= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11100000Network Address> 192.168.3.192= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 11000000

STEP 33. Finding the Broadcast Address by replacing the whole numbers from 0 to number the host becomes number 1.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Network Mask> 255.255.255.224= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11100000Network Address> 192.168.0.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 11000000Broadcast Address> 192.168.255.255= 11000000. 10101000. 00001010. 11011111

STEP 44. By counting the number of host bits then we can find the Total Number of Host Bits . Host Bits = 5 , then 2^5 = 32 , 32-2 = 30

TASK 3PROBLEM 1Host IP Address > 173.30.1.33Subnet Mask > 255.255.255.0Answer : IP Address173.30.1.3310101100000111100000000100100001

Subnet Mask225.255.255.011111111111111111111111100000000

Number of Subnet Bits8 bits

Number of Subnets2^8 = 256 subnet

Number of Host Bits per subnet256

Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet2^8 2 = 254 host Per Subnet

Subnet Address for This IP Address172.30.1.0

IP Address of First Host on this Subnet172.30.1.1

IP Address of Last Host on This Subnet172.30.1.254

Broadcast Address for This Subnet172.30.1.255

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP Address and Subnet Mask into binary numbers.

173/2 = 86 = 0

86/2 = 43 = 0

43/2 = 21 = 1

21/2 = 10 = 1

10/2 = 5 = 0

5/2 = 2 = 1

2/2 = 1 = 0

= 0 = 1

10101100000111100000000100100001

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111111111111100000000

STEP 22. Finding the Subnet Address for this IP address by adding the binary number of IP addresses with the subnet mask using the AND operator, Note: 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if 0 aggregated using the AND operator, the result is 0IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000000

STEP 33. Determine the address bits that contain information that contains information networks and hosts.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000000

STEP 44. Determine the subnet range and host range.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000000

STEP 55. Determine First Host, Last Host and Broadcast* Determine First Host by replacing the number 0 on the host range of add-most end subnet become number 1

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000000First Host> 175.30.1.1= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000001

* Determine the Last Host by replacing the numbers 0 to 1 on the host range of the subnet add except the very last bit remains 0.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000000Last Host> 175.30.1.1= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 11111110

* Determine Broadcast by replacing all of the numbers 0 to host subnet range of add become number 1.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.0= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00000000Broadcast> 175.30.1.255= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 11111111

STEP 66. Determine the Number of Subnets by counting bits in the subnet counting range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power n, where n is the number of bits in the subnet counting range.

Number of Subnet Bits> 8 bitsNumber of Subets> 2^8 = 256 Subnets

STEP 77. Determine Number Usable Hosts per Subnet by counting bits in the host range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power of n minus 2.

Number of Subnet Bits> 8 bitsNumber of Usable Host per Subnet> 2^8 2 = 256 2 = 254 host per subnet

PROBLEM 2Host IP Address > 173.30.1.33Subnet Mask > 255.255.255.252Answer : IP Address173.30.1.3310101100000111100000000100100001

Subnet Mask225.255.255.0111111111111111111111111

Number of Subnet Bits14 bits

Number of Subnets2^14 = 16384 subnet

Number of Host Bits per subnet4

Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet2

Subnet Address for This IP Address172.30.1.32

IP Address of First Host on this Subnet172.30.1.33

IP Address of Last Host on This Subnet172.30.1.34

Broadcast Address for This Subnet172.30.1.35

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP Address and Subnet Mask into binary numbers.

10101100000111100000000100100001

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111111111111100000000

STEP 22. Finding the Subnet Address for this IP address by adding the binary number of IP addresses with the subnet mask using the AND operator, Note: 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if 0 aggregated using the AND operator, the result is 0IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 172.30.1.32= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100000

STEP 33. Determine the address bits that contain information that contains information networks and hosts.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111110Subnet Add> 172.30.1.32= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100000

STEP 44. Determine the subnet range and host range.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 172.30.1.32= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100000

STEP 55. Determine First Host, Last Host and Broadcast* Determine First Host by replacing the number 0 on the host range of add-most end subnet become number 1

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 172.30.1.32= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100000First Host> 175.30.1.1= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001

* Determine the Last Host by replacing the numbers 0 to 1 on the host range of the subnet add except the very last bit remains 0.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.32= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100000Last Host> 175.30.1.34= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100010

* Determine Broadcast by replacing all of the numbers 0 to host subnet range of add become number 1.

IP Address> 172.30.1.33= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100001Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.30.1.32= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100000Broadcast> 175.30.1.35= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 00100011

STEP 66. Determine the Number of Subnets by counting bits in the subnet counting range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power n, where n is the number of bits in the subnet counting range.

Number of Subnet Bits> 14 bitsNumber of Subets> 2^14 = 16384 Subnets

STEP 77. Determine Number Usable Hosts per Subnet by counting bits in the host range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power of n minus 2.

Number of Subnet Bits> 2 bitsNumber of Usable Host per Subnet> 2^2 2 = 4 2 = 2 host per subnet

PROBLEM 3Host IP Address > 192.192.10.234Subnet Mask > 255.255.255.0Answer : IP Address192.192.10.23411000000110000000000101011101010

Subnet Mask225.255.255.011111111111111111111111100000000

Number of Subnet Bits8 bits

Number of Subnets2^8 = 256 subnet

Number of Host Bits per subnet256

Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet254

Subnet Address for This IP Address192.192.10.0

IP Address of First Host on this Subnet192.192.10.1

IP Address of Last Host on This Subnet192.192.10.254

Broadcast Address for This Subnet192.192.10.255

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP Address and Subnet Mask into binary numbers.

11000000110000000000101011101010

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111111111111100000000

STEP 22. Finding the Subnet Address for this IP address by adding the binary number of IP addresses with the subnet mask using the AND operator, Note: 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if 0 aggregated using the AND operator, the result is 0IP Address> 192.192.10.234= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 11101010Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.192.10.0= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 00000000

STEP 33. Determine the address bits that contain information that contains information networks and hosts.

IP Address> 192.192.10.234= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 11101010Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.192.10.0= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 00000000

STEP 44. Determine the subnet range and host range.

IP Address> 192.192.10.234= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 11101010Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.192.10.0= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 00000000

STEP 55. Determine First Host, Last Host and Broadcast* Determine First Host by replacing the number 0 on the host range of add-most end subnet become number 1

IP Address> 192.192.10.234= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 11101010Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.192.10.0= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 00000000First Host> 192.192.10.1= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 00000001

* Determine the Last Host by replacing the numbers 0 to 1 on the host range of the subnet add except the very last bit remains 0.

IP Address> 192.192.10.234= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 11101010Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.192.10.0= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 00000000Last Host> 192.192.10.254= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 11111110

* Determine Broadcast by replacing all of the numbers 0 to host subnet range of add become number 1.

IP Address> 192.192.10.234= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 11101010Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.192.10.0= 11000000. 11000000. 00001010. 00000000Broadcast> 192.192.10.255= 10101100. 00011110. 00000001. 11111111

STEP 66. Determine the Number of Subnets by counting bits in the subnet counting range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power n, where n is the number of bits in the subnet counting range.

Number of Subnet Bits> 8 bitsNumber of Subets> 2^8 = 256 Subnets

STEP 77. Determine Number Usable Hosts per Subnet by counting bits in the host range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power of n minus 2.

Number of Subnet Bits> 8 bitsNumber of Usable Host per Subnet> 2^8 2 = 256 2 = 254 host per subnet

PROBLEM 4Host IP Address > 172.17.99.71Subnet Mask > 255.255.0.0Answer : IP Address172.17.99.7110101100000100010110001101000111

Subnet Mask225.255.0.011111111111111110000000000000000

Number of Subnet Bits0 bits

Number of Subnets2^0 = 1 subnet

Number of Host Bits per subnet65536

Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet65534

Subnet Address for This IP Address172.17.0.0

IP Address of First Host on this Subnet172.17.0.1

IP Address of Last Host on This Subnet172.17.255.254

Broadcast Address for This Subnet172.17.255.255

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP Address and Subnet Mask into binary numbers.

10101100000100010110001101000111

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 00/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111110000000000000000

STEP 22. Finding the Subnet Address for this IP address by adding the binary number of IP addresses with the subnet mask using the AND operator, Note: 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if 0 aggregated using the AND operator, the result is 0IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Subnet mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000

STEP 33. Determine the address bits that contain information that contains information networks and hosts.

IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Subnet mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000

STEP 44. Determine the subnet range and host range.

IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Subnet mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000

STEP 55. Determine First Host, Last Host and Broadcast* Determine First Host by replacing the number 0 on the host range of add-most end subnet become number 1

IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Subnet mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000First Host> 172.17.0.1= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000001

* Determine the Last Host by replacing the numbers 0 to 1 on the host range of the subnet add except the very last bit remains 0.

IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Subnet mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000Last Host> 172.17.255.254= 10101100. 00010001. 11111111. 11111110

* Determine Broadcast by replacing all of the numbers 0 to host subnet range of add become number 1.

IP Address> 172.17.99.71= 10101100. 00010001. 01100011. 01000111Subnet mask> 255.255.0.0= 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000Subnet Add> 172.17.0.0= 10101100. 00010001. 00000000. 00000000Broadcast> 172.17.255.255= 10101100. 00010001. 11111111. 11111111

STEP 66. Determine the Number of Subnets by counting bits in the subnet counting range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power n, where n is the number of bits in the subnet counting range.

Number of Subnet Bits> 0 bitsNumber of Subets> 2^0 = 1 Subnets

STEP 77. Determine Number Usable Hosts per Subnet by counting bits in the host range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power of n minus 2.

Number of Subnet Bits> 16 bitsNumber of Usable Host per Subnet> 2^16 2 = 65536 2 = 65534 host per subnet

PROBLEM 5Host IP Address > 192.168.3.219Subnet Mask > 255.255.255.0Answer : IP Address192.168.3.21911000000101010000000001111011011

Subnet Mask225.255.255.011111111111111111111111100000000

Number of Subnet Bits8 bits

Number of Subnets2^8 = 256 subnet

Number of Host Bits per subnet256

Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet254

Subnet Address for This IP Address192.168.3.0

IP Address of First Host on this Subnet192.168.3.1

IP Address of Last Host on This Subnet192.168.3.254

Broadcast Address for This Subnet192.168.3.255

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP Address and Subnet Mask into binary numbers.

11000000101010000000001111011011

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =10/2 = 0 = 0

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =10/2 = 0 = 0

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 10/2 = 0 = 0

11111111111111111111111100000000

STEP 22. Finding the Subnet Address for this IP address by adding the binary number of IP addresses with the subnet mask using the AND operator, Note: 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if 0 aggregated using the AND operator, the result is 0IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.168.3.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 00000000

STEP 33. Determine the address bits that contain information that contains information networks and hosts.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.168.3.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 00000000

STEP 44. Determine the subnet range and host range.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.168.3.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 00000000

STEP 55. Determine First Host, Last Host and Broadcast* Determine First Host by replacing the number 0 on the host range of add-most end subnet become number 1

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.168.3.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 00000000First Host> 192.168.3.1= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 00000001

* Determine the Last Host by replacing the numbers 0 to 1 on the host range of the subnet add except the very last bit remains 0.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.168.3.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 00000000Last Host> 192.168.3.254= 10101100. 00010001. 00000011. 11111110

* Determine Broadcast by replacing all of the numbers 0 to host subnet range of add become number 1.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.0= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 00000000Subnet Add> 192.168.3.0= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 00000000Broadcast> 192.168.3.255= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11111111

STEP 66. Determine the Number of Subnets by counting bits in the subnet counting range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power n, where n is the number of bits in the subnet counting range.

Number of Subnet Bits> 8 bitsNumber of Subets> 2^8 = 256 Subnets

STEP 77. Determine Number Usable Hosts per Subnet by counting bits in the host range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power of n minus 2.

Number of Subnet Bits> 8 bitsNumber of Usable Host per Subnet> 2^8 2 = 256 2 = 254 host per subnet

PROBLEM 6Host IP Address > 192.168.3.219Subnet Mask > 255.255.255.252Answer : IP Address192.168.3.21911000000101010000000001111011011

Subnet Mask225.255.255.252111111111111111111111111

Number of Subnet Bits14 bits

Number of Subnets2^14 = 16384 subnet

Number of Host Bits per subnet4

Number of Usable Hosts per Subnet2

Subnet Address for This IP Address192.168.3.216

IP Address of First Host on this Subnet192.168.3.217

IP Address of Last Host on This Subnet192.168.3.218

Broadcast Address for This Subnet192.168.3.219

Work Sheet :STEP 11. Changing the IP Address and Subnet Mask into binary numbers.

11000000101010000000001111011011

255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1255/2 = 127 = 1

127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1127/2 = 63 = 1

63/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 163/2 = 31 = 1

31/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 131/2 = 15 = 1

15/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =115/2 = 7 =1

7/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =17/2 = 3 =1

3/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 13/2 = 1 = 1

1/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 11/2 = 0 = 1

11111111111111111111111111111100

STEP 22. Finding the Subnet Address for this IP address by adding the binary number of IP addresses with the subnet mask using the AND operator, Note: 1 AND 1 = 1, whereas if 0 aggregated using the AND operator, the result is 0IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 192.168.3.216= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011000

STEP 33. Determine the address bits that contain information that contains information networks and hosts.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 192.168.3.216= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011000

STEP 44. Determine the subnet range and host range.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 192.168.3.216= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011000

STEP 55. Determine First Host, Last Host and Broadcast* Determine First Host by replacing the number 0 on the host range of add-most end subnet become number 1

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 192.168.3.216= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011000First Host> 192.168.3.217= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011001

* Determine the Last Host by replacing the numbers 0 to 1 on the host range of the subnet add except the very last bit remains 0.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 192.168.3.216= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011000Last Host> 192.168.3.218= 10101100. 00010001. 00000011. 11011010

* Determine Broadcast by replacing all of the numbers 0 to host subnet range of add become number 1.

IP Address> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011Subnet mask> 255.255.255.252= 11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111100Subnet Add> 192.168.3.216= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011000Broadcast> 192.168.3.219= 11000000. 10101000. 00000011. 11011011

STEP 66. Determine the Number of Subnets by counting bits in the subnet counting range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power n, where n is the number of bits in the subnet counting range.

Number of Subnet Bits> 14 bitsNumber of Subets> 2^14 = 16384 Subnets

STEP 77. Determine Number Usable Hosts per Subnet by counting bits in the host range is 8. Use the formula 2 to the power of n minus 2.

Number of Subnet Bits>2 bitsNumber of Usable Host per Subnet> 2^2 2 = 4 2 = 2 host per subnet