single stream recycling & pay per bag initiatives

7/28/2019 Single Stream Recycling & Pay Per Bag Initiatives

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Maine Government Finance Officers AssociationMaine Government Finance Officers Association

Sin le Stream Rec clin & Pa Per Ba InitiativesSin le Stream Rec clin & Pa Per Ba Initiatives

MAINE STATE PLANNING OFFICEMAINE STATE PLANNING OFFICE

WASTE MANAGEMENT & RECYCLING PROGRAMWASTE MANAGEMENT & RECYCLING PROGRAM

e ruarye ruary


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Who we are -Waste Management and Recycling Program-6 staff located in the State Planning Office

Waste Management Agency

What do we do-

Program manager planning and oversight of the state ownedlandfill in Old Town

2 eo le - rec clin education and romotion - includes wastereduction, reuse, composting, and recycling

1 person - data collection management and analysis -

planning

1 support staff


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Data management and analysis

320 reporting entities Ask public and private entities to fill out a comprehensive

and programs

Collect and analyze as much information as we can fromas many sources as we can en y

Produce reports based on any of the data that we collect

Information back to 1993

Several PAYT reports and related files athttp://www.maine.gov/spo/recycle/publications.htm- scroll down toPAYT


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For Example

Pay as You Throw Year: 2008

Report: PAYT Information

Town Population # Towns In Region Mun Bag PriceAbbot 630 1 $0.50Arundel 3571 1 $1.10

at . 5Belfast 6381 1 $2.50

/..


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Or a towns data over timeAbbot , Maine

Total

Municipal Municipal Bulky Bulky Total Rec & Base Recy Adj. Recy Municipal

Year MSW Recycling Waste Recycling Recycled MSW Rate % Rate % Expenses

93 217.00 30.66 37.7 20.00 50.66 305.00 16.60 21.60

94 177.00 24.80 28.3 33.00 57.84 263.00 21.90 32.90

95 215.00 32.41 - 127.00 159.41 375.00 42.50 54.50. . . . . . .

96 220.00 31.99 - 108.92 140.91 361.00 39.00 50.00

97 251.00 31.33 41.4 128.00 159.33 542.00 35.20 46.20

98 237.0 27.2 72.6 38.0 65.2 375.1 17.4 28.4

99 200.0 31.7 55.3 34.0 65.7 321.5 20.4 31.4

00 211.3 24.8 49.6 11.9 36.7 297.7 12.3 23.3 $35,000

01 208.4 29.0 52.9 0.0 29.0 290.3 10.0 21.0 $31,123

02 229.9 23.7 87.7 42.8 66.5 384.1 17.3 28.3 $40,553

03 234.5 28.3 59.3 48.0 76.3 370.1 20.6 31.6 $39,925

04 269.2 36.6 76.5 0.0 36.6 382.3 9.6 20.6 $40,839

05 269.7 27.3 68.6 - 27.3 365.6 7.5 18.5 $45,189

06 239.6 29.9 - - 29.9 269.5 11.1 22.1 $45,959

07 204.7 34.1 - - 34.1 238.8 14.3 25.3 $45,179

08 192.9 15.9 62.6 17.1 33.0 288.5 11.4 22.4 $44,081


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" "

brief explanation

s ory an preva ence n a ne,

nationally benefits and potential problems


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20 ears of Maine PAYT

1989 Falmouth, first Maine town to adopt PAYT-(one or two towns charging for trash before that

2009- 150 Maine municipalities

have a PAYT program From Portland pop.64.249 to North Haven

pop.381

2006 EPA report - 7,095 Communitiesnationwide


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HOW IT WORKS

changes

Cable Electricity Water (pay for channels) (pay per kwh) (pay per gallon)

Fairness System Trash becomes a utility

Trash(pay per bag)


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When Do Communities Turn To PAYT?

Rising Disposal Costs

Increasing MSW Tonnages

Failing Recycling Program

Municipal Landfill Reaching Capacity

Waste budget is out of control

Relieve Tax Burden


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PAYT Im l m n i n Pl n1. Decide PAYT method (bags or tags)

.

3. Draft the PAYT ordinance

.

5. Hold Public hearings

6. Ado t the PAYT ordinance

7. Purchase bags/stickers

8. Arrange for sales/distribution sites

9. Notify taxpayers of new method

10. Notify waste removal contractors

11. Implement PAYT program


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Most recent SPO study of PAYT

Summer - 2009Questions asked of 57 PAYT Programs

What were your towns motivations for switching to a PAYT system?

What were your towns primary concerns and/or obstacles in switching to aPAYT program?

How did your town determine its bag fee figure?

Where do the towns PAYT fee revenues go? What does the revenue cover?

The ability of the program to defray/defer costs

n e a y o e program o e p ncrease recyc ng ra es


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uestions asked of PAYT Pro rams

Resident reception of a PAYT system

do you feel that your towns program has been successful?


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Data Trend Tabulations


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Shar to radual increase in Rec clin Tonna eovertime

Decline in Recycling Tonnage and increase in MSWTonnage 3-10 years after implementing a PAYT

Continual plateau in data beginning 5-10 years afterimplementing a PAYT program


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Motivations for Switching to PAYT


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Primary Motivations for Adopting a PAYT

2) Landfill and/or Dump Closure = 20 Programs

3) Need for Revenue to Cover Costs = 18 Programs4) Individual Responsibility = 11 Programs

5) Increase Recycling Rates = 6 Programs

6 Makin Peo le More Aware of Rec clin = 4 Pro rams

7) Pay for Other Services = 1 Program


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Primar Concerns & Problems FollowinPAYT Implementation


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Primary Concerns & Problems Following

1) No concerns or Problems = 29 Programs

2) Illegal Trash Dumping = 13 Programs

3) Resident Adoption = 10 Programs

=

5) Educating Residents = 3


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What PAYT Revenue is Used for& Where PAYT Revenue is Held


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What is PAYT Revenue Used for &

1) Directly to Transfer Station = 21Programs

2) General Fund = 16 Programs

3) General Fund Matched to Transfer Station = 14 Programs

+ =

5) Directly to Private Hauler = 2 Programs

6) Disposal Costs = 2 Programs


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Methods for Calculating PAYT Bag Fee


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1) Arbitrary (lost to history ?) = 27 Programs

2) All Operational Costs / # Bags = 16 Programs

3) Other Methods Not Mentioned = 12 Programs

+ =

5) Tonnage / # Bags = 2 Programs

6) Tonnage/ Bag Weight = 2 Programs


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81.25% of the towns within the study saw success in resident

adoption of the PAYT program, in covering MSW disposal,

12.5% of the towns within the study saw success in resident

not see success in covering MSW disposal expenses.


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Percentage Breakdown of PAYT

68.42% saw a decline in their MSW after im lementin a PAYT ro ram

75.44% saw an increase in their Recycling after implementing a PAYT

program

59.65% saw success for 3 to 7 years in their MSW and Recycling Tonnages

73.68% saw an increase in MSW and decrease in Recycling Tonnages after

3 to 7 years of the PAYT program began.

. w y

PAYT program.


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Towns implementing a PAYT program

every 3 to 5 years to maintain success and

recycling in peoples minds, in order to

disincentive (the PAYT callus)


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single stream zero sort single

sor co-m ng e

what is it?,

industry trend

ene s, cos s, og s cs o mp emen a on

providers offering this service in Maine,

location of SS processing and other SStransfer/drop off facilities


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Sin le stream-What is it? Single Stream- all recycled materials are collected and combined ina single container, truck, compactor or trailer to be transported to alar e centralized facilit for se aration and rocessin for market

Way to reduce the cost of the collection and aggregation ofrecycled materials

In Maine it has been accompanied by expanding the number andtypes of items that can be recycled-

More convenience for residents and commercial sources and thusin theory increasing the number of participants in a recyclingprogram- more people recycling more stuff

While collection costs decrease, processing costs increasesignificantly, necessitating high volumes of materials and largescale facilities.


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Replaced by this


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And this


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And curbside sort is re laced


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By this


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Kick off forecomaine program June 2007

Approximately 70 Maine municipalities

2 entities marketing the service

Ecomaine Portland

munici al cor oration 21 owner communities- severalassociate and contracting communities as well

3.8 million dollar renovation in 2007 from dual stream to

Offers receiving/processing /marketing services

waste disposal services as well


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(FCR) Casella Waste Systems

Private company 2 processing facilities in Auburn MA and

Main recycling transfer facility in West Bath

facility for zero sort recycling materials inHampden ME.

an o er con a ners, compac ors, ruc ng,curbside collection as well as processing andmarketing of recyclables

Also full service waste management company


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Both entities are activel marketin their services

Sin le stream - a ver different a roach to

the way materials recovery has been managedin Maine for the last twenty years.

oca source separate co ect on an sperseregional processing, =

, , ,guarantee quality control, product movement tomarket

= relatively stable pricing and revenue in thesometimes fluctuating commodities market.

National industry trend


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National industry trend

Lar e scale centralized rocessin inconjunction with dense collection systems

In Maine -wide variability in contract offering andproposals, community by community

In 2007 early 2008 contracts offered tied tomarkets

p mar e revenue s ar ng

Down market cost sharing

sometimes in conjunction with other types of


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Municipal Policies that can effectMunicipal Policies that can effect

single stream program performancesingle stream program performance

Number of Materials Accepted at

collection

Waste Ban Policy

Waste Ordinance

PAYT Program

Mandatory Recycling

ecyc ng omm ee

Wh make the s itch ?Wh make the s itch ?


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Why make the switch ?Why make the switch ?

r mary o va ons erce ve ene sr mary o va ons erce ve ene s

-.

2. Desire for change.

4. Ease for residents

. o ec on e c ency

6. No longer responsible for marketing

7. Security of long term arrangement forrecycling


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1. The implementation of single stream in conjunction

with other recycling incentives

2. The use of compaction equipment for the collection

3. Using the introduction of single stream as anopportunity to re-energize recycling education and

4. Community attitudes

5. Positive geographic/demographic factors

6. Acceptance of cost/benefit of single stream7. Seamless change in the eyes of the public


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1. Stren th of existin ro rams2. History of stable revenues3. Negative geographic/demographic factors

. ost pro ect on ssues w t sw tc ng costs,hauling costs, and the current economic

condition5. Misuse of unattended remote location

recycling facilities. -

7. If your present recycling program is notworkin -sin le stream alone is not ma ic bullet


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The Need for a Disincentive Program &The Need for a Disincentive Program &

Alternative Recycling ProgramsAlternative Recycling Programs

Munici al rec clin ro rams as well as the twoprocessing facilities interviewed, see Single Streamprograms as a gateway program,

which helps to usher in additional recycling programs

such as Curbside Collection and PAYT ro rams whichare most productive and effective.


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Only 2 full years of data- no conclusions on effects onrecycling rates and MSW generation rates

Most programs saw recycling rates increase, but others

Cant separate effects of single stream from PAYT andcurbside, expanded materials accepted, other variables

Recession seeing a slight decline in overall recyclingtonnages but the decline is in the commercial collection

Municipal tonnage numbers up significantly (20%) in2008 from 07.


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Monmouth example

2007 switches to single stream thru

2008 355 tons recycled

2009 338 tons recycled


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287-8054

1-800-662-4545

Sam.morris maine. ov

www.Recyclemaine.com

. .

SHS 38 Augusta, ME 04333-0038

single stream recycling & pay per bag initiatives

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