singapore

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Republic of Singapore

Presenter:Jinender Kumar

Course: Analysis of Pharmaceutical

Environment

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Presentation ObjectivesCountry SnapshotEconomyCulture and ValuesBusiness Meetings and greetingsNegotiationsPolitical environmentImport and ExportTrade regulationsInvestment climatePharmaceutical industry

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Country SnapshotSmallest nation in Southeast AsiaAn island situated between Malaysia and

Indonesia

Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/sn.html

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Country SnapshotCapital: SingaporeArea: Total: 692.7 sq km

Land: 682.7 sq km Water: 10 sq km

Area - comparative: slightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Population: 4,608,167 (July 2008 est.)Ethnic Make-up: Chinese 75.2%, Malay 13.6%,

Indian 8.8%, other 2.4%


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Country SnapshotPopulation Breakdown by Age: 2008

Estimates

Source; https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/sn.html

Age structure

Age percentage male female

0-14 years 14.8% 353,333 329,005

15-64 years 76.5% 1,717,357 1,809,462

65 years and over

8.7% 177,378 221,632

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Country SnapshotMedian age: Total: 38.4 years

Male: 38 years Female: 38.8 years (2008 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.135% (2008 est.)Birth rate: 8.99 births/1,000 population (2008

est.) Death rate: 4.53 deaths/1,000 population (2008

est.)Net migration rate: 6.88 migrant(s)/1,000

population (2008 est.)

Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2798.htmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/sn.html

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Country SnapshotReligions: Buddhist, Taoist, Muslim, Christian,

Hindu

Languages: English, Mandarin and other Chinese dialects, Malay, Tamil

Education: definition: age 15 and over can read and write Years compulsory--six. Literacy--95.7%.

Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2798.htmhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/sn.html

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Country SnapshotSex ratio:

At birth: 1.08 male(s)/female Under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female Total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Infant mortality rate:Total: 2.3 deaths/1,000 live births Male: 2.51 deaths/1,000 live births Female: 2.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)


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Country SnapshotLife expectancy at birth:

Total population: 81.89 years Male: 79.29 years Female: 84.68 years (2008 est.)

Total fertility Rate: 1.08 children born/woman (2008 est.)

HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate: 0.2% (2003 est.) HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 4,100 (2003

est.) HIV/AIDS - deaths: fewer than 200 (2003 est.)


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Singapore Economy (2008 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity): $244 billionGDP - real growth rate: 3% (2008 est.), 7%

(2004-7) GDP - per capita (PPP): $52,900GDP - composition by sector:

Agriculture: 0% Industry: 33.8% Services: 66.2% (2007 est.)

Labor force: 2.81 million


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Singapore Economy (2008 est.)

Unemployment rate: 2.3%Population below poverty line: NAInvestment (gross fixed): 27% of GDPBudget:

Revenues: $27.7 billion Expenditures: $26.22 billion

Public debt: 92.6% of GDPInflation rate (consumer prices): 6.6%


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Singapore CurrencyCurrency (code):

Singapore dollar (SGD) Currency code:

SGD Exchange rates: Singapore dollars (SGD) per US dollar – 1.530 (2009 est.), 1.415 (2008 est.), 1.507 (2007), 1.5889 (2006), 1.6644 (2005), 1.6902 (2004)


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Culture and Values The concepts of group,

harmony, and mutual security are more important than that of the individual

The family is the centre of the social structure and emphasizes unity, loyalty and respect for the elderly

Source: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/singapore.html

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Culture and Values

The term, 'family' generally includes extended family and close friends who are treated as family members

Respect for the elderly and seeing the family as the place one goes to for support, both help retain core values


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Face and respectHaving face indicates personal dignityFace is a prized commodity that can be given,

lost, taken away or earnedIt is a mark of personal qualities such as a good

name, good character, and being held in esteem by one's peers

It can also be greater than the person and extend to family, school, company, and even the nation itself

Face is what makes Singaporeans strive for harmonious relationships


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Non Verbal CommunicationSingaporeans often trust non-verbal messages

than the spoken wordsThey often hint at a point, rather than making a

direct statement, since that might cause the other person to lose face

Silence is an important element of Singaporean communication.

They do not understand western cultures ability to respond to a question hastily and think this indicates thoughtlessness and rude behavior

Sourec: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/singapore.html

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Business Meetings and GreetingsGreetings follow a strict protocol often based on

both the ethnic origin and age of the personYounger people or those who work in multi-national

companies may have adopted the western concept of shaking hands with everyone, but this is not the case with older or more reserved Singaporeans

Ethnic Chinese shake hands. Their grasp is rather light although the handshake itself can be rather prolonged.

Men and women may shake hands, although the woman must extend her hand first. Introductions are always done in order of age or status

Source: http://singapore.angloinfo.com/countries/singapore/etiquette.asp

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Business Meetings and GreetingsBetween men, ethnic Malays shake handsMen and women do not traditionally shake hands,

since Muslim men do not touch women in publicYounger Malays may shake hands with foreign

women, but it is more appropriate to use the 'salaam' (bowing the head) greeting. This is also the greeting to be used when two women meet

Ethnic Indians shake hands with members of the same sex. When being introduced to someone of the opposite sex, nodding the head and smiling is usually sufficient


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Titles/NamesChinese traditionally have 3 names. The

surname or family name is first and is followed by two personal names

Address the person by an honorific title and their surname. If they want to move to a first name basis, they will advise you which of their two personal names to use

Some Chinese adopt more western names in business and may ask you to call them that


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Titles/NamesMany Malays do not have surnames. Instead,

men add the father's name to their own name with the connector bin. Women use the connector binti

The title Haji (male) or Hajjah (female) before the name indicates the person has made their pilgrimage to Mecca

The name Sayyed (male) or Sharifah (female) indicates that the person is considered to be a descendent of the prophet Mohammed


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Titles/NamesMany Indians in Singapore do not use

surnames. Instead, they place the initial of their father's name after their own name. The man's formal name is their name 's/o' (son of) and the father's name. Women use 'd/o' to refer to themselves as the daughter of their father

Commonly use nick namesSikh Indians use the name Singh to denote

themselves as Sikhs


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Business Etiquette More formal than in many western

countries. Strict rules of protocol must be followedThe group (company or department) is

viewed as more important than the individualPeople observe a strict chain of command,

which comes with expectations on both sidesIn order to keep others from losing face,

much communication will be non-verbal


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Business relationship Personal relationships are the cornerstone of all

business relationshipsGroup-oriented culture, so links are often based

on ethnicity, education or working for the same company

One must be patient as this indicates that you and your organization is here for the long-term and is not looking only for short- term gains

Always be respectful and courteous Watch your body language and facial

expressionsSource: http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/singapore.html

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Business Meetings EtiquettesAppointments should be made well in advance for all

meetings and arrangements. Before the meeting, send a list with the names and titles of those who will be attending

On arrival, if in a group, line up in order of rank and wait to be told where to sit as there are strict protocols to be observed

Eye contact: A Singaporean might not look others in the eye during a meeting. Cast down eyes may be a sign of respect, especially to those who are more senior or have a higher status


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Business Meetings EtiquettesDirectness: Singaporeans tend not to be confrontational,

and may perceive the more direct western-style discussions as aggressive and disrespectful

Questioning authority or seniority is not done. Questions should be openly invited at the end of a business presentation. When asked a question smile to show that no offence has been taken. A long pause before answering a question indicates that it has been given full attention and a carefully considered response


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NegotiationsThe main purpose of initial meetings is to develop a

sense of trust between the parties, rather than to convey information.

Do not try to schedule meetings during Chinese New Year or Ramadan as many businesses close or their hours of work change.

There should be a period of small talk before getting down to business discussions.

Source: http://www.rln-eastmidlands.com/pdf/country/Malaysia_Singapore.pdf

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NegotiationsNever disagree or criticize someone who is senior to

you in rank as it will cause both of you to lose face and may destroy the business relationship.

Business negotiations happen at a slow pace.

Singaporeans (particularly ethnic Chinese) tend to be tough negotiators on price and deadlines.

Decisions are usually consensus driven so concentrate on all present, not just a perceived key decision maker.

Source: http://www.rln-eastmidlands.com/pdf/country/Malaysia_Singapore.pdf

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Business CardsBusiness cards are exchanged using both hands

after the initial introductions If you will be meeting ethnic Chinese, it is a good

idea to have one side of your card translated into Mandarin. Have the Chinese characters printed in gold, as this is an auspicious color

Treat business cards with respect. This is indicative of how you will treat the relationship

Your own business cards should be maintained in pristine condition. Never give someone a tattered card


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Business TravelHas best airport in

the worldTotal 8 airportsChangi Airport:

Links to 140 cities in 50 countries

60 international flights serve the airport

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Political EnvironmentGovernment type:

parliamentary republic

Executive branch:Chief of state:

President S R NathanHead of government:

Prime Minister LEE Hsien Loong

Cabinet: appointed by president, responsible to parliament


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Political EnvironmentElections: President elected by popular vote

for six-year term; following legislative elections, leader of majority party or leader of majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by president

Legislative branch: Unicameral Parliament (84 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms

Judicial branch: Supreme Court (The Chief Justice appointed by The President)


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Political PartiesPeople's Action Party or PAP –Ruling PartySingapore Democratic Alliance or SDA Singapore Democratic Party or SDP Workers' Party or WPDemocratic Progressive Party or DPPNational Solidarity Party or NSP

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ImportsImports: $307.6 billion (2008 est.) Imports - commodities: machinery and

equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs

Imports - partners: Malaysia 13.1%, US 12.5%, China 12.1%, Japan 8.2%, Taiwan 5.9%, Indonesia 5.6%, South Korea 4.9% (2007)

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ExportsExports: $349.5 billion (2008 est.) Exports - commodities: machinery and

equipment (including electronics), consumer goods, chemicals, mineral fuels

Exports - partners: China 20.2%, Malaysia 12.9%, Indonesia 9.8%, US 8.9%, Japan 4.8%, Thailand 4.1% (2007)

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Trade RegulationsFree port and open economy99% of all imports are duty-freeOne of the most liberal trading regimenAll medicinal products, prescription and over-

the-counter pharmaceuticals imported or sold in Singapore are required to be licensed by the Centre for Pharmaceutical Administration, Health Sciences Authority

Import and export license governed by Singapore customs

Source: http://www.buyusa.gov/singapore/en/trade_regulations_n_standards.html

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Investment ClimateTime Magazine had voted Singapore as World’s

favorite business cityRanked 6th worldwide and top in Asia as one of

the best places to do businessHighly educated and skilled work forceIntellectual property Right ProtectionFree Trade Agreements (FTAs) with key

economies such as US, Australia, Japan, New Zealand, members of the European Free Trade Association (Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway)

Source: http://www.entersingaporebusiness.info/Bus02.htm

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Investment Climate2nd in personal safety among world’s top 50

citiesOffers the best quality of life in AsiaTakes only 8 days to start business compared

to global average of 51 daysLowest corporate tax rate in AsiaRanked 3rd by World Bank in terms of ease of

doing businessAccess to 2.8 billion people within 7 hrs flight

timeSource: http://www.entersingaporebusiness.info/Bus02.htm

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Pharmaceutical industryRegulated by Singapore Association of

Pharmaceutical Industry (SAPI)Formerly Known as Pharmaceutical Trade

Association (PTA)SAPI supports legislation that seeks to improve

the pharmaceutical trade in SingaporeIndustry size is small due to small population,

expected to reach $724 million by end of 2012Increasing cardiovascular disease and rapidly

ageing population

Source: http://www.sapi.org.sg/about.html

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Pharmaceutical industryAsian hub of biotechnologyRegional R&D and manufacturing hub8 out of top 20 multinational companies have

manufacturing facilitiesIn 2005, pharmaceutical manufacturing

export of SGD 18 billionTrading base for South East Asian region due

to its proximity with southeastern region

Source: https://www.espicom.com/Prodcat.nsf/Search/00000369?OpenDocumenthttp://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/Industry-Drivers/Singapore-drives-pharma-industry-forward

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SummaryCountry SnapshotCulture and ValuesBusiness Meetings EtiquettesNegotiationsPolitical environmentImport and ExportTrade regulationsInvestment climatePharmaceutical industry

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singapore

Technology

estimates source https

elderly source

population growth rate

indonesia source

birth rate

core values source

country snapshot religions

country snapshot capital