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Practical File

Of

Web Designing

Submitted To: Submitted by:Mrs. Amandeep kaur Simranjit Singh

Assistant Professor 94972346433

Punjab College of Technical Education

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Contents

Serial no. Topics Page No.

1. Introduction to HTML 3

Applications Of HTML 12

2 Introduction to DHTML 32

CSS 33

Applications of DHTML 34

3 Introduction to Java Script 44Applications of Java Script 45

4 Introduction to ASP 52

Features of ASP 53

Global.asa file 54

Variables, Request and Response objects 55

Database Connectivity 56

5 Screenshots of PCTE web Site 57

6 Screenshots of Blog 59

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Introduction to HTML

The purpose of a web browser is to read HTML documents and compose them into

visible web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the

tags to interpret the content of the page.

HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allowsimages

and objectsto be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It

provides a means to create structured documents by denoting

structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links,

quotes and other items. It can embedscriptsin languages such

as JavaScriptwhich affect the behavior of HTML WebPages. Web browsers can

also refer to Cascading Style Sheets(CSS) to define the appearance and

layout of text and other material.

Features Of HTML

Lets you embed Perl code into HTML documents. Perl code is evaluated at the server

side and the result is sent to the browser.

Offers various meta-commands for conditional and loop processing of the HTMLdocuments.

Automatically generates dynamic HTML tables/lists from Perl arrays or function calls

(e.g. DBI fetch)

Form data send to your document is placed in a hash

Automatically inserts data from the form hash into HTML input, textarea and select tags

Understands HTML and URL escaping and unescaping

Handles per-user and per-module persistent session data for you. All you need to do isstore and retrieve them to and from a special hash.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Img_(HTML_element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Img_(HTML_element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fieldsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_documenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheetshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Img_(HTML_element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Img_(HTML_element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fieldsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_documenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheetshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser

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Allows you to build your web-site out of components. Frequently used elements can

be defined once and included in every page.

Object allows you to define the standard layout of your site just once andincludes the necessary components based on the uri. Your HTML documents

just have to contain the unique stuff and not the common stuff like

headers/footers or navigation bars. Also these common elements can beoverwritten in each subdirectory.

Gives you the possibility to build libraries with a set of frequently used Elements orcomponents, and make them available to the whole web-site in the same way as Perl

modules are - well, modularized.

Supports debugging of pages by generating a very detailed log file and making itaccessible via the browser with a single click.

Generates verbose error pages in which every error can link to the log file. This isideal for debugging.

Offers a lot of options for maximum configurability according to your personal tastes

and needs.

Fully integrated into Apache and mod_perl to acheive the best performance. Can also

run as a CGI-script, offline or called from another Perl program.

HTML:Mail gives you the possibility to send the result directly to a email address

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HTML Tags

Tag Name Code Example

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form

Name:
Email:

heading 1heading 2heading 3heading 4

heading 5heading 6

Heading 1 ExampleHeading 2 ExampleHeading 3 ExampleHeading 4 Example

Heading 5 ExampleHeading 6 Example

heading ofHTMLdocument

Contains elements describing thedocument

horizontalrule

horizontalrule

horizontalrule

(InternetExplorer)

horizontalrule

(Internet

Explorer)

horizontal

rule

hypertextmarkuplanguage

Title of your web page

HTML web page contents

italic Example

image

input field

Example 1:

(Internet Explorer)

input field

Example 2:

input field Example 3:

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input field

Example 4:

Enter Your Comments:

input field

Example 5:

Select an option:option 1option 2

option 3option 4option 5option 6

input field

Example 6:

Select an option:
Option 1

Option 2 Option 3

Select an option:
Selection 1Selection 2Selection 3

list item Example 1:

List item 1List item 2List item 3

Example 2:

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List item 4

link

(Internet

Explorer)

scrollingtext

Example

Marquee

ordered list Numbered


List item 4

Numbered Special Start

List item 1List item 2List item 3List item 4

Lowercase Letters

List item 1List item 2


Capital Letters


Capital Letters Special Start


Lowercase Roman Numerals

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Capital Roman Numerals


Capital Roman Numerals Special Start



listboxoption

Select an option:option 1option 2option 3option 4

option 5option 6

paragraph

This is an example displaying the use of theparagraph tag.

This will create a line break and

a space between lines.

Attributes:

Example 1:

This is an example
displaying the use
of the paragraph tag.

Example 2:

This is an example
displaying the use

Example 3:

This is an example

displaying the use

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small (text) Example

deletedtext

Example

strongemphasis

Example

table

Example 1:

Column 1Column 2

Example 2: (Internet Explorer)

Column 1

Column 2

Example 3:

Column 1Column 2

Row 2Row 2

table data

Column 1Column 2

tableheader

Column 1Column 2Column 3

Row 2Row 2Row 2Row 3Row 3Row 3

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http://www.web-source.net/216_color_chart.htmhttp://www.web-source.net/216_color_chart.htmhttp://www.web-source.net/216_color_chart.htmhttp://www.web-source.net/216_color_chart.htmhttp://www.web-source.net/216_color_chart.htmhttp://www.web-source.net/216_color_chart.htm

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Row 4Row 4

Row 4

documenttitle

Title of your HTML page

table row

Column 1Column 2

teletype Example

underline Example

unordered

list

Example 1:

Example 2:


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ApplicationsOF

HTML

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1. Application To print text in HTML

Code To implement :

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Web

My First Web Page

2. Application to display different Kinds of headings in HTML.

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Code To implement :

This is heading 1

This is heading 2

This is heading 3

This is heading 4

This is heading 5

This is heading 6

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3. Application for creating the Link in Html.

When we will click on Click here it will show list of subjects.

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Code To implement :

Click here to view List of subjects

of BCA

Save this file using any name with .html extension and create new html

document.

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Subjects

1st Sem

maths

c

communication

IT

2nd sem

Data structure

microprocessor

CSA
3rd Sem

java

c++

OR

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4. Application to increase size , change the color , font style of text.

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Code To implement :

This paragraph is in Monotype Corsiva , size 10, and in red text color.

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5. Application for creating Table in HTML.

Code To implement :

Table

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name

marks

c

web designing

java

Divam

1650

40

Abc

16

50

40

Def

16

50

40

Ghi

16

50

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40

jkl

16

60

70

Mno

16

4035

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6. Application to implement lists in HTML.

Code To implement :

Subjects

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1st Sem

maths

c

communication

IT

2nd sem

Data structuremicroprocessor

Computer System Architecture

3rd Sem

java

c++

OR

Practical Subjects

There will be practical exams for some subjects like c, c++, java.To be

sure, the

performance-based methodologies rolled out by certification programs.g. The

certification programs that have included experiential learning in their curricula

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deserve commendation for raising the standards of IT credentials by making

them more

applicable to the industry.

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7. Web site using Frames.

Code To implement :

Frame

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8.Image Map in HTML

Map Of Goa

Click on Betul. It will show the following map:

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Map of Betul

Click on Old Goa, it will show the following map.

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Map of Old Goa

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Code:

Map

Map of Goa

DHTML

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DHTML is not a language itself, but rather a combination of:

HTML 4.0 (or XHTML 1.0)

JavaScript -- the Web's standard scripting language

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) -- styles dictated outside a document's content

Document Object Model (DOM) -- a means of accessing a document's individual

elements

Since the first edition of this book, Dynamic HTML has developed into a stable standard that

is well supported by both Netscape 6 and Internet Explorer 5.5.

Netscape Navigator 4.0 and IE 4.0 supported earlier, proprietary versions of DHTML, andthey differed greatly in their support for CSS and dynamically positioned elements. The

differences between what these two browser versions called DHTML has created a million

migraines among web developers. Accounting for the inconsistencies required creating twoseparate web pages or jumping through browser-detection hoops to give all users the same

experience

HTML stands for Dynamic HTML. The first thing that we need to clear about DHTML is that

it is neither a language like HTML, JavaScript etc. nor a web standard. It is just a combination

of HTML, JavaScript and CSS. It just uses these languages features to build dynamic web

pages. DHTML is a feature of Netscape Communicator 4.0, and Microsoft Internet Explorer

4.0 and 5.0 and is entirely a "client-side" technology.

Features of DHTML:

Simplest feature is making the page dynamic.

Can be used to create animations, games, applications, provide new ways of

navigating through web sites.

DHTML use low-bandwidth effect which enhance web page functionality.

Dynamic building of web pages is simple as no plug-in is required.

Facilitates the usage of events, methods and properties and code reuse.

CSS

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CSS is a formatting language, used to provide more customized web pages and

make it easier to make multiple pages use the same style. Its most common

application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the

language can also be applied to any kind ofXML document, includingplain

XML, SVG and XUL.

Two ways to include CSS on a page

One way is by loading it from an external file

Other way is by embedding it directly in the source code of the page.

Applications Of DHTML

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_Old_XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_Old_XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XULhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_Old_XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_Old_XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUL

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1) Application to show the use of comments in CSS.

Code to implement:

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H1{text-align:center;

bgcolor:red;

background-color:yellow;

color:black;/*This is a comment*/

font-family:Monotype Corsiva;

font-size:50;}

Simran

.

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2. Application to change the text Decoration in CSS.

Code to implement:

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h1 {text-decoration:overline;}

h2 {text-decoration:line-through;}

h3 {text-decoration:underline;}

h4 {text-decoration:blink;}

Simran Simran

Simran

Simran

3. Application to show working of Inline CSS.

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Code to implement:

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BCA- 3D

4. Application to show working of Internal CSS.

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Code to implement:

h1

{

color:red;

background-color:yellow;

font-family:Arial;

font-size:"12px";

}

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Punjab College Of Technical Education

Baddowal

5. Application to change the color of the text in CSS

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Code to implement:

body {color:red;}

h1 {color:#00ff00;}

p.ex {color:rgb(0,0,255);}

Simran

I am student of Punjab college of Technical Education.

This is a paragraph with class="ex". This text is blue.

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Introduction to Java Script

JavaScript is aprototype-basedscripting language that is dynamic, weakly typed and

has first-class functions. It is a paradigm language, supporting object-oriented, imperative,

and functional. Programming styles. JavaScript was formalized in the ECMA

Script language standard and is primarily used in the form ofclient-side JavaScript,

implemented as part of a Web browserin order to provide enhanced user interfaces and

dynamic websites. This enablesprogrammatic access to computational objects within a

host environment.

JavaScript's use in applications outside Web pages for example in PDF documents,

site-specific browsers, and desktop widgets is also significant.

JavaScript uses syntax influenced by that ofC. JavaScript copies many names and naming

conventions from Java, but the two languages are otherwise unrelated and have very

different semantics.

Features

JavaScript supports much of the structured programming syntax from C . style block-level

scoping is not supported .JavaScript makes a distinction between expressions and statements.

JavaScript is almost entirely object-based. JavaScript objects are associative arrays, augmented

with prototypes. JavaScript has a small number of built-in objects such as Function and Date.

Functions are first-class; they are objects themselves. As such, they have properties and

methods, such as length and call and they can be assigned to variables, passed as

arguments, return by other functions, and manipulated like any other object.

JavaScript usesprototypes instead ofclasses forinheritance. It is possible to simulate many

class-based features with prototypes in JavaScript.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-basedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_typinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-class_functionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client-side_JavaScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site-specific_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_widgethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(computer_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_(programming)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statement_(programming)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-basedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_arrayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subroutinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-class_functionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-based_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inheritance_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-basedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_typinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-class_functionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client-side_JavaScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site-specific_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_widgethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(computer_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_(programming)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statement_(programming)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-basedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_arrayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subroutinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-class_functionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-based_programminghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inheritance_(computer_science)

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Applications Java Script

1. Application to display the date and time.

Code to implement

document.write(""+Date()+"");

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2. Application to add two numbers.

Code to implement

function sum(a,b)

{

return a+b;

}

document.write(sum(4,3));

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3. Application to show the live clock

Code to implement :

function clock()

{

var d=new Date();

var h=d.getHours();

var m=d.getMinutes();

var s=d.getSeconds();

document.getElementById('clk').innerHTML=h+":"+m+":"+s;

t=setTimeout('clock()',500);

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}

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4. Application to show an alert Box.

Code to implement:

function show()

{

alert("Going to delete it");

}

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5. Application to show a confirm box.

Click on Save.

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Code to implement

function show()

{

var r=confirm("Are you sure you want to make changes ?");

}

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Introduction to ASP

"Active Server Pages" abbreviated as ASP, is a server-side scripting environment developed

by Microsoft. Using ASP, we can create and run dynamic and interactive web server

applications. With ASP, we can combine HTML pages, script commands, and COM

components to create interactive Web pages or powerful Web-based applications, which are

easy to develop and modify.

The default scripting language used for writing ASP is VBScript although we can use

JavaScript. All ASP pages will be executed at the server and the page will have the extension

".asp".

An ASP page cannot run by simply opening it in a web browser. The page must berequested through a web server that supports ASP, this is why ASP stands for Active Server

Pages, no server, no active pages.

When a browser requests an ASP page, the web server interprets any ASP contained

within the web page before sending the HTML produced to the browser

In this way, the entire ASP is run on the web server and no ASP will ever be passed back to

the web browser.

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Features

1) Active Server Pages can develop a new generation of Web-based applications, including

extending sales and customer service to the Web, and providing access to corporate databases

and applications to any browser on an intranet.

2) Active Server Pages allows organizations to extend the power of scripting on the server with

ActiveX server components. These components can be created using Microsoft Visual Basic,

Visual C++, Java, and other languages.

3) Active Server Pages provides native support for both Microsoft JScript and VBScript.

ActiveX scripting plug-ins are available for REXX, PERL, and Python.

4) Active Server Pages can work with any Web browser. The output of an ASP file is plain

HTML, the content of which can be customized for the capabilities of the client.

5) Active Server Pages allows you to define application and session variables that can be carried

across multiple pages in a Web site. This can be as simple as remembering a user's name, and it

is necessary in applications such as online shopping to track product selections.

6) Active Server Pages makes it easy to bring legacy database applications to the Web.

IIS - Internet Information Server

IIS is a set of Internet-based services for servers created by Microsoft for use with Microsoft

Windows. IIS comes with Windows 2000, XP, Vista, and Windows 7. It is also available for

Windows NT. IIS is easy to install and ideal for developing and testing web applications.

With IIS, Microsoft includes a set of programs for building and administering Web sites, a

search engine, and support for writing Web-based applications that access databases.

Microsoft points out that IIS is tightly integrated with the Windows NT and 2000 Servers in a

number of ways, resulting in faster Web page serving.

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How to install PWS on Windows 95, 98, and Windows NT

For Windows 98: Open the Add-ons folder on your Windows CD, find the PWS folder and

runsetup.exe to install PWS.

For Windows 95 or Windows NT: Download "Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack" from

Microsoft, and install PWS.

Test your web :

After you have installed IIS or PWS follow these steps:

Look for a new folder called Inetpub on your hard drive.

Open the Inetpub folder, and find a folder named wwwroot.

Create a new folder, like "My Web", under wwwroot.

Write some ASP code and save the file as "test1.asp" in the new folder.

Make sure your Web server is running.

Open your browser and type "http://localhost/MyWeb/test1.asp", to view your first web

The Global.asa file

The Global.asa file is an optional file that can contain declarations of objects, variables, and

methods that can be accessed by every page in an ASP application. All valid browser scripts

(JavaScript, VBScript, JScript, PerlScript, etc.) can be used within Global.asa.

The Global.asa file can contain only the following:

Application events

Session events

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declarations

TypeLibrary declarations

the #include directive

Variables

A variable declared outside a procedure can be accessed and changed by any script in the ASP

file. To declare variables accessible to more than one ASP file, declare them as session

variables or application variables.

Session Variables: Session variables are used to store information about one single user, and

are available to all pages in one application. Typically information stored in session

variables is name, id, and preferences.

Application Variables: Application variables are also available to all pages in one

application. Application variables are used to store information about all users in one

specific application.

Request, Response Objects

Request and Response objects represent information coming into the Web server from the

browser and information going out from the server to the browser. The Request object is

called the input object and the Response object is called the output object.

Response Object: The Response object methods gives us control over what you can send to

the client from the web server. However, one of the most valuable uses for the Response

object is in debugging your scripts. The Response object is used to send output to the client

from the web server.

Request Object:The Request object retrieves the values that the client browser passed to the

server during an HTTP request. It is used to get information from the user. Using this object,

you can dynamically create web pages and perform various server-side actions based on input

from the user.

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Cookie

A cookie is often used to identify a user. A cookie is a small file that the server embeds on the

user's computer. Each time the same computer requests a page with a browser, it will send the

cookie too. With ASP, you can both create and retrieve cookie values.

o The "Response.Cookies" command is used to create cookies.

o The "Request.Cookies" command is used to retrieve a cookie value.

Database Connectivity

The common way to access a database from inside an ASP page is to:

1. Create an ADO connection to a database.

2. Open the database connection.

3. Create an ADO recordset.

4. Open the recordset.

5. Extract the data you need from the recordset.

6. Close the recordset.

7. Close the connection.

Connection Object

The ADO Connection Object is used to create an open connection to a data source. Through this

connection, you can access and manipulate a database.

If you want to access a database multiple times, you should establish a connection using the

Connection object. You can also make a connection to a database by passing a connection string

via a Command or Recordset object.

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The easiest way to connect to a database is to use a DSN-less connection. A DSN-less

connection can be used against any Microsoft Access database on your web site. If you have a

database called "web.mdb" located in a web directory like "c:/webdata/", you can connect to

the database with the following ASP code:

Screenshots of PCTE Web Site

Home Page

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Contact Us Page

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Screenshots of Blog

Home Page

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