Ma. Liza L. Israel

2 to 3 years old 4 to 5 years old 6 to 7 years old

Changes in What One Can DoWhen you were still a baby, there was not much you could do. You spent most of

the time sleeping and feeding.

Observe some babies. What can they do? Babies usually kick, roll and crawl. As they grow, their muscles and bones become stronger. They learn to sit, stand and, later on, walk.

Toddlers ( children who are one and a half to three years old) can walk or run short distances. Some can feed themselves. They can play with toys

DO THIS

Observe some babies and other young children. Find out what activities they can do on their own. List them in the table below.

Who can do more activities?

_______________________

Children who are four to five years old can do more activities than two- to three-year-old babies. They can throw and catch a ball, ride a bicycle and play games like hide-and-seek. The movements of their body parts are better coordinated. As children grow older, they start participating in more activities. They stop doing many of the activities they did before. They are now more capable of doing different activities. They play games with of doing different activities. They play games with other children in school. They help do some household work.

Main Idea: Children become capable of

doing more activities as they grow

ANSWER THISWhy can babies do very few activities?

________________________________________________________

ExerciseA. Study the graphs. Use them to answer the questions below.

1. What as Dan’s height in 2004?________in 2005?_______2. By how much did his height change? _________________________3. What does the change in Dan’s height show?

________________________________________________________________4. What was Dan’s weight in 2004? ________ in 2005?_________5. What does the change in Dan’s weight show?

_____________________________________________________

B. Draw a on the blank if you do the activity now and a if you did it when you were much younger.

____1. fold the beddings ____6. run errands for mother____2. play skipping rope ____7. brush own teeth after each meal____3. crawl ____8. use a walker____4. ride a bicycle ____9. sweep the floor____5. ride on Father’s back ____10. play with toys blocks

____11. kick and roll____12. put on one’s clothes____13. play with a rattle____14. go on a hike with friends____15. feed from a bottle

Answer These1. Do you think it is good for a child to play alone all the time? Why or why not?__________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________2. Why does a school child have more social activities than a baby?__________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Do thisBelow are some common social activities. Check ( ) those that you have

done. Write how the activity made you feel.Activity How I Felt After the Activity

1. Going on a picnic with the family2. Calling a friend on the telephone3. Greeting a classmate “Good Morning”4. Helping my teacher clean the room5. Helping my classmate do an assignment6. Writing a letter to a sick friend7. Playing with my friends8. Attending a birthday party9. Helping an elderly person cross the street10. Sharing my snacks with a classmate

Main Idea: Making friends is a social

activity. You can make friends by being friendly.

ExerciseA. Draw a if the situation shows a social activity and a if not.

_____1. A one-year-old baby girl smiles when I wave at her._____2. Elisa approached a new classmate and introduced herself._____3. Mario avoids playing with his classmates._____4. Lani shares her food with a friend.____5. A boy helps his teacher carry some books.____6. Some girls visit a classmate who is sick.____7. A boy spends most of his time alone.____8. The Grade 3 girls joined a trip to the zoo.____9. Johnny goes swimming with his brothers.____10. Tito prefers to stay at home that go out with the other.

B. Make a list of social activities you did when you were in Grade 1 and those that you do now.

My social ActivitiesWhen I was in Grade 1 Now that I am in Grade 3

Some children start to go school when they are five years old or even younger. In school, their mental abilities are further developed.

They learn to read. They learn to solve math problems.

They learn to draw They learn to write

You are eight to nine years old and in Grade 3. What can you do now, using your mental abilities, that youo could not yet do when you were in Grade 1 or grade 2?

Have you improved in your mental abilities?

Answer ThisDid you go to preschool? If so, how old were you? How old were you learned

to read?__________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Main Idea: As children grow, their mental

abilities change. This will continue until the limit if their mental abilities is

reached.

Children differ in their mental abilities. Some children learn to beak, read or write earlier that others. Some children learn these things later than others.

Do thisCheck the age at which you started demonstrating each activity below. You

may ask your mother or father to help you.

Did you know? Some children are called

“gifted” children because they demonstrate talents

other children of their age do not have.

Activities

Ages

2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9

Recognize letters of the alphabet

Read story books

Solve multiplication problems

Sort toys according to color

Recite a poem from memory

Ask questions about animals

Write your name legibly

Talk in syllables

Follow written instructions

Draw a picture

Compare your finished work with those of your classmates. Did your mental abilities develop at about the same time? Whose mental abilities developed earlier than yours? Later than yours?

ExerciseA. Put a check ( ) before each statement that tells about our mental abilities now.

____1. Can follow teacher’s instructions____2. Can write simple sentences____3. Can solve number problems.____4. Can write a friendly letter.____5. Can spell difficult words.____6. Can draw and paint ____7. Can read story books.____8. Can memorize a poem____9. Can control anger____10. Can use the computer.

B. Choose one topic.My Pet My Hobby My Grandparents My Summer Vacation

Write a short paragraph about it._____________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

HealthHealth means being physically, mentally and socially fit. You are physically fit when your

body can fight germs that cause disease. A physical fit child does not get sick often. You are mentally fit if you think well of yourself and of other people. You can learn things easily. You are socially fit if you can get along with other people. A socially fit child makes friends easily.

Main Idea: A healthy child grows and develops

faster than a child who is not healthy.

Answer This:What is the meaning of the saying “ health is wealth”?

______________________________________________________

ExerciseA. Answer with true or false.

____1. A first-born child always looks like the mother.____2. A father with curly hair is likely to have a child with curly hair too.____3. Parents pass on to their children all the characteristics they have.____4. A child who is obese or vry fat is physically healthy.____5. A child who does not get sick often is physically healthy.____6. A person who has negative feelings and attitudes has poor mentla health.____7. Getting along well with other people is a sign of being socially fit.____8. A child who is sickly grows as fast as a child who is health.____9. To be called health, a person must be physically, mentally and socially fit.____10. A child’s growth is affected by his or her health.

B. Put a check ( ) opposite the characteristics that you think you have..1. Shares things with others. ___2. 2. Smiles at people. ____3. 3. Makes friends easily. ____4. Likes to be alone most of the time. ____5. Enjoys being with other children. ____

6. Do your characteristics show that you are a sociable child? __________

Did you know?•A happy person wears a

smile on his or her face. In such a smile, the mouth may even be closed; the teeth do not show. The smile may be only in the eyes. Have you heard the expression ”smiling eyes”?•A smile is not the same as

laughter,. Laughter is accompanied by a sound. A

smile is more polite than laughter.

ExerciseA. Write down three examples of eaech

Grow Foods Go Foods Glow Foods

1. _______________ 1. ______________ 1. ________________2. _______________ 2. ______________ 2. ________________3. _______________ 3. ______________ 3. ________________

B. I entify the vitamins.1. Ana wants to have clear eyes. She should eat ffods which contain vitamin

_________2. Adrian wants to have strong bones and teeth. He should eat foods which contain

vitamin ______________3. Luis eats green leafy vegetables, fish and celeries. He gets vitamin _______from

these foods.4. Your body make use of minerals from food if you eat food which contains vitamin

_____________5. If you want to keep your skin healthy, you need to eat foods with

vitamins__________ and ___________.

C. Study the three menus below. Write down which menu you will choose. Explain your reason for choosing it.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

D. Make a menu for breakfast,lunch and supper. The meals shouldcontain the necessary nutrients.

A B C

rice

Pork adobo

Chicken

barbecue

Ice cream

rice

fish sinigang with

camote leaves

banana

rice

salted fish

barbecue

cake

One way in which children are prepared to fight some diseases is by immunization. Immunization means injecting into the body a weakened form of germs. Have you been immunized against any common diseases?

Do ThisFind out what immunization you have been given. Request the help of your

parents in filling up the chart below.

Have you ever been sick with any of these diseases? _____________________What could have happened if you had not been given immunization against these

diseases?_______________________________________________

Diseases for Which I was Given Immunization

My Age When It Was Given

Example: measles 15 months

ANSWER THISWhy is immunization important?

________________________________________________________

ExerciseA. Answer with true or false.

____1. An unborn child mmay become sick when the mother is sick during pregnancy.____2. When a child has a heart defect, he or she feels weak and gets tired easily.____3. Most children with cerebral palsy do not learn to read and write.____4. A baby who is blind can learn to recognize objects by touch as fast as a baby who

can see.____5. A disease can slow down the growth of a child.

B. Solve this puzzle.Across1. A disease caused by brain damage is ___ palsy.3. A babyy born with a ___ defect is weak.4. A baby cannot learn to imitate actions if he or she is ____

Down2. Mental development is affected when the ___ is damage.5. A baby cannot imitate sounds if he or she is ___________

1 2

3

4 5

Is there any activity that you do without anybody asking you to do it/ Activities that you do voluntarily, because you like to, are called recreational activities.

Here are some common recreational activities. Doing these activities can help you improve your physical and mental abilities and make you have more friends.

ANSWER THISWhy are recreational activities recommended for children?

________________________________________________________

Main Idea: Rest and recreation

help a child develop

physically, mentally and

socially.

Do ThisThis activity will allow you to use your imagination and creativity. At the same

time, it will give you time to relax. Make decorative cards using the materials listed below. You can also use other old materials that can be recycled.

beads buttons eggshells fabric scraps popsicle sticks beans sawdust dried leaves or flowers

Sample are shown below

How did you feel while doing the activity? __________________________What did you discover about yourself? _____________________________

Did you know?A hobby is

something that gives you an

opportunity to make things and express what you

feel

ExerciseA. Identify whether the activity is Rest or Recreation

____1. sitting under the shade of the tree____2. taking a nap after lunch____3. making an album of dried leaves____4.reading storybooks____5. listening to music____6. lying on a sofa____7. watching the animals at the zoo____8. watching TV show____9. sleeping eight to ten hours a day____10. singing with friends

B. Write About a recreational activity that you do with a friend or a member of your family.

_____________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How does a family affect children? Observe the two families in the pictures.

Family A Family B

Based on your observation, tell how the children in the picture can be affected by the kind of family they have.

Children in Family A Children in Family B_________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ____________________________

Observe some families in your place. Are there more families like Family A or Family B?

Children inherit some traits or characteristics from their parents. They also imitate some traits of their parents or other members of the family. If the parents show love and respect for each other and their children, a child will learn to be loving and respectful, too. In a home where parents can provide enough food, clothing, shelter, love and understanding, a child will grow up with a feeling of security. The good traits a child gets from the family will make it easy for the child to relate to other people. Support and encouragement from the family also improve a child’s mental growth. Some parents cannot provide enough of their children’s needs. Children who lack food become sickly. Some children are forced to leave school to earn a living. So, their mental growth is hampered.

ANSWER THISBetween two families with the same resources, why is it better for children to be in a smaller family?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Did you know?Tens of thousands of children lost their parents, and became

orphans, when a big tsunami of December 2004 struck several countries in Asia. Many God-fearing parents in

different parts of the world decided to adopt some of those orphans even if they have children of their own. It was in

the spirit of “love of neighbor”. Those orphans are lucky to grow up in such an environment of love.

SurroundingsWhere do you live? What do you see in the place where you live? Do you like the things you see?

Do thisBelow is a list of things found in places where people live. Check ( ) those that are found in your place. Cross ( ) those that are not.

____ tress____ flowering plants____ open space covered with green grass____ creek clogged with garbage____ dirty canals____ mosquitoes and flies____ smoke from factories and motor vehicles____ overcrowded houses____ playground____ park____ stray animals____ covered garbage cans

Which of the things found in your surrounding do you like? Why?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Which of the things found in your surroundings do you not like? Why?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

You Cannot live without air. You need to breathe clean air. Trees and other plants help make the air clean. If there are plenty of trees and other plants around, the air will be clean. Healthful surroundings have plenty of growing plants. You need clean water to drink. If your surroundings are clean, then the water you drink will be not in danger of being contaminated. But water pipes that are found in canals may be broken, and dirty water may seep in. contaminated water can make you sick. Healthful surroundings provide clean water. Healthful surroundings are free from garbage, stray animals and insect pests that can cause diseases. Healthful surroundings are free from junks and other objects that may cause accidents. Healthful surroudings contribute to a child’s well-being while unhealthful surroundings do not.

ANSWER THISWhy is scattered garbage harmful to people?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

ExerciseA. Write something about how your parents help you grow and develop physically,

mentally and socially._____________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Below are description of different places. Write H if the surroundings are healthful and NH, if not.

____1. The houses are separated by fences. Big tress line the sidewalk. There is no garbage around. The streets are clean.

____2. The houses are too crowded. There is junk on the sidewalk. Piles of grabage are in the street corners.

____3. it is an open space. People dump their garbage here. Flies, rats and cockroaches are plenty. Stray dogs and cats walk around.

____4. The place is on a mountainside. There are tall trees. There are flowering plants. Vegetable crops grow in the backyard. The streets are well swept.

____5. The house is near a stream. Clear water flows in the stream. Shady trees surround the house. Garbage cans are covered

Remember These

Physical growth is the change in size and proportion of one’ body parts. An increase in height is a sign of physical growth.Children learn many physical activities as they grow. Their physical capabilities change as they grow.As children grow physically they also grow socially and mentally.Some children may grow and develop faster than others.The growth and development of a child depend on the following factors:

-Heredity - rest and recreation-Health; illness or diseases - ability of the family to adequately meet children’s needs-Food eaten - cleanliness of surroundings

Nutrients are needed by the body for energy, growth and repair. These nutrients –carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals --- are obtained from foods.Eating a variety of nutritious food in the right amount is necessary for one’s growth and development.Children should practice good health habits and good food habits to keep themselves physically, socially and mentally fit.A safe and healthful environment is good for people’s health and well-being.

Science WordsUse each word or phrase in a sentence.

Carbohydrates minerals proteinsHeredity nutrients social growth

Mental growth mental growth vitamins

QUIZ TIMECircle the letter of the best answer.1. You are taller and heavier now than when four or five years old. What does this show?a. You are growing fast. c. you are growing sociallyb. You are growing physically d. you are growing mentally

2. A boy refuses to play with his classmates. He wants to be alone most of the time. What does this show?

a. He is unsociable c. he is mentally alertb. He is sociable d. he is studious

3. Which of these may parents pass on their children that can affect the children’s growth and development?

a. Curly hair c. color blindnessb. Fair complexion d. certain diseases

4. Why are foods needed by the body?a. Foods contain nutrients c. food are cheapb. Foods are delicious d. foods are everywhere

5. Which of the following is a mental activity/a. Playing chess c. eating lunchb. Jogging in the morning d. sleeping at night

6. Which of these foods give you the most carbohydrates that provide your body with energy?a. banana, orange, guave c. Cake, cheese, butterb. Corn, camote, rice d. fish, meat, liver

7. Why should you have fish and meat in your diet?a. I have relatives who are fisherman.b. Our village has an abundant supply of fish and meat.c. Broiled ( inihaw) fish and meat are deliciousd. Fish and meat contain nutrients for growth.

8. Which of the following is NOT a good food habit?a. Eating fruits and vegetablesb. Drinking milk everydayc. Eating sweets regularlyd. Eating regularly at mealtime

9. Which of these diseases can affect a child’s mental development?a. Common colds c. heart diseaseb. Cerebral palsy d. headache

10. Which of the following is a recreational activity?a. Reading to prepare for a testb. Reading for pleasurec. Reading to answer an assignmentd. Reading to improve my reading skills

11. Mario is described as a gifted child. Which of these is probably the reason?a. He has been writing beautiful poem since he was three years oldb. He ask questions about stars and outer spacec. He reads storybooksd. He often gets high grades in test

B. PortfolioMake a scrapbook about yourself. Put some pictures and write about some important accomplishments

you have made