sikkim print
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Climate
The state has five seasons: winter, summer,spring, autumn, and a monsoon seasonbetween June and September. Sikkim's climateranges from sub-tropical in the south to tundra inthe north. Most of the inhabited regions of Sikkim experience a temperate climate, withtemperatures seldom exceeding 28 °C (82 °F) in
summer. The average annual temperature for most of Sikkim is around 18 °C(64 °F).
Sikkim is one of the few states in India to receiveregular snowfall. The snow line ranges from6,100 metres (20,000 ft) in the north of the stateto 4,900 metres (16,100 ft) in the south.
[38] The
tundra-type region in the north is snowbound for four months every year, and the temperaturedrops below 0 °C (32 °F) almost everynight.
[34] In north-western Sikkim, the peaks are
frozen year-round;[39]
because of the highaltitude, temperatures in the mountains can dropto as low as −40 °C (−40 °F) in winter.
During the monsoon, heavy rains increase therisk of landslides. The record for the longestperiod of continuous rain in Sikkim is11 days. Fog affects many parts of the stateduring winter and the monsoons, makingtransportation perilous.
[40]
Flora and fauna
Sikkim is situated in an ecological hotspot of thelower Himalayas, one of only three amongtheecoregions of India. The forested regions of the state exhibit a diverse rangeof fauna and flora. Owing to its altitudinalgradation, the state has a wide variety of plants,from tropical species to temperate, alpine andtundra ones, and is perhaps one of the fewregions to exhibit such a diversity within such a
small area. Nearly 81 per cent of the area of Sikkim comes under the administration of itsforest department.
[51]
The Rhododendron is the state tree of Sikkim.
Sikkim is home to around 5,000 species of flowering plants, 515 rare orchids, 60 primulaspecies, 36 rhododendron species,11 oak varieties, 23 bamboo varieties,16 coniferspecies, 362 types of ferns and fernsallies, 8 tree ferns, and over 424 medicinalplants.
[52] A variant of the Poinsettia, locally
known as "Christmas Flower", can be found inabundance in the mountainous state. The NobleDendrobium, an orchid,
[citation needed ]is the official
flower of Sikkim, while the rhododendron isthe state tree.
Orchids, figs, laurel, bananas, sal trees andbamboo grow in the Himalayan subtropicalbroadleaf forests of the lower altitudes of Sikkim.In the temperate elevations above 1,500 metres
Coordinates (Gangtok): 27.33°N
88.62°ECoordinates: 27.33°N 88.62°E
Country India
Established 16 May 1975
Capital Gangtok
Largest city Gangtok
Districts 4
Government
• Governor Shriniwas Dadasaheb Patil
• Chief Ministe
r
Pawan Chamling (SDF)
• Legislature Unicameral (32 seats)
Area
•
Total 7,096 km (2,740 sq mi)Area rank 27th
Population (2011)
• Total 607,688
• Rank 28th
• Density 86/km (220/sq mi)
Time zone IST (UTC+05:30)
ISO 3166 code IN-SK
HDI 0.684 (medium)
HDI rank 7th (2005)
Literacy 76.6% (7th)
Official
languages
Nepali (lingua franca)
Bhutia and Lepcha (since 1977)
Limbu (since 1981)
Newari, Gurung,
Mangar ,Sherpa and Tamang (sin
ce 1995)
Sunwar (since 1996)
Website sikkim.gov.in
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(4,900 ft) there are Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests, whereoaks, chestnuts,maples, birches, alders, and magnolias grow in large numbers, as wellas Himalayan subtropical pine forests, dominated by Chir pine. Alpine-type vegetationis typically found between an altitude of 3,500 to5,000 metres (11,500 to 16,000 ft). In lower elevations are found juniper, pine, firs, cypresses and rhododendrons fromthe Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests. Higher up are Eastern Himalayan alpine shruband meadows, home to a broad variety of rhododendrons and wildflowers.
Chief minister
Pawan Chamling : A Politician, social
Worker, Poet and a writer was Born on
September 22,1950 at Yangang SouthSikkim. He joined politics in 1973 and waselected to Sikkim Legislative assembly in
1985. He was Minister for Industries,
Information and Public Relations from1989 to 1992. He formed the Sikkim
Democratic Front party on March 4, 1993and has been Chief Minister of Sikkim for
the four consecutive term.
Capital
Gangtok (Nepali: गानतोक ) ( /ˈɡæŋtɒk/ (help·info))
is the capital and largest town of the Indian state of
Sikkim. Gangtok is located in the eastern Himalayan
range, at an altitude of 5,800 feet (1,800 m). The
town's population of 98,658 belongs to different
ethnicities such as Nepalis, Lepchas and Bhutia, is
administered by the "Gangtok Municipal
Corporation".[citation needed ] Nestled within higher peaks
of the Himalaya and enjoying a year-round mild
temperate climate, Gangtok is at the centre of
Sikkim's tourism industry.
Gangtok rose to prominence as a popular Buddhist
pilgrimage site after the construction of the Enchey
Monastery in 1840. In 1894, the ruling Sikkimese
Chogyal, Thutob Namgyal, transferred the capital to
Gangtok. In the early 20th century, Gangtok became
a major stopover on the trade route between Lhasa in
Tibet and cities such as Kolkata (then Calcutta) in
British India. After India won its independence from
Britain in 1947, Sikkim chose to remain an
independent monarchy, with Gangtok as its capital.
In 1975, after the integration with the union of India,
Gangtok was made India's twenty-second state
capital.
The precise meaning of the name Gangtok is unclear,
though the most popular meaning is "hill top".[3]
Today, Gangtok is a centre of Tibetan Buddhist
culture and learning, with the presence of severalmonasteries, religious educational institutions, and
centres for Tibetology.
Co
de
Distri
ct
Headquar
ters
Populat
ion
(2011)[1]
Are
a
(km
²)
Densi
ty
(/km
²)
Map
ES
East
Sikki
m
Gangtok 281,293 954 257
NS
Nort
h
Sikki
m
Mangan,
India
43,3544,2
2610
SS
Sout
h
Sikki
m
Namchi 146,742 750 175
WS
West
Sikki
m
Geyzing 136,2991,1
66106
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