[sideshare] fardhu'ain-lesson#12-arkaan-ul-islam(3)-zakah(20-january-2012)
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“A BEGINNERS’ COURSE ON ISLAM” Lessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail “ARKAAN AL-ISLAM” Pillars of Islam (Submission) AZ-ZAKAH (TAX UPON WEALTH)TRANSCRIPT
““A BEGINNERS’ COURSE ON A BEGINNERS’ COURSE ON ISLAM”ISLAM”
Lessons on Lessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for AdultsFardhu ‘Ain in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
HADITH OF JIBRA-’IL
HADITH OF JIBRA-’IL
LESSON # 12
LESSON # 12
Using textbook & curriculum he has developed especially for Using textbook & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.
““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”
IT CAN ALSO BE A IT CAN ALSO BE A REFRESHER COURSE REFRESHER COURSE
FOR MUSLIM FOR MUSLIM PARENTS, PARENTS,
EDUCATORS, IN EDUCATORS, IN CONTEMPORARY CONTEMPORARY
SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL
1UPDATED JANUARY 2012UPDATED JANUARY 2012
Every Friday night Every Friday night @ 8pm – 10pm@ 8pm – 10pmWisma Indah, 450 Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, Changi Road, #02-00 next to #02-00 next to Masjid KassimMasjid Kassim
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““ARKAAN AL-ISLAM”ARKAAN AL-ISLAM”Pillars of Islam (Submission)Pillars of Islam (Submission)
IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL
AZ-ZAKAHAZ-ZAKAH(TAX UPON WEALTH)(TAX UPON WEALTH)
(The basic message of Islam)(The basic message of Islam)
FARDHU’AINFARDHU’AIN: CONDUCTED BY: CONDUCTED BYUSTAZ ZHULKEFLEE HJ ISMAILUSTAZ ZHULKEFLEE HJ ISMAILLESSONS FROM TEXTBOOK LESSONS FROM TEXTBOOK ““Beginners’ Manual on IslamBeginners’ Manual on Islam””
2
IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL
All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)
FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSFROM PREVIOUS LESSONS
““Allah” Allah” : : Arabic proper noun; name for God, it refers Arabic proper noun; name for God, it refers
to the One and Only, the Unique Creator, Lord to the One and Only, the Unique Creator, Lord
Sustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is God – there is Sustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is God – there is
none besides Allah.none besides Allah.
No equivalent translation in non-Semitic language.No equivalent translation in non-Semitic language.
All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)
FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSFROM PREVIOUS LESSONS
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““Muhammad s.a.a.w.” Muhammad s.a.a.w.” : : Arabic name meaning “Arabic name meaning “the the
Praised OnePraised One”; he is the Chosen, Unlettered Prophet, ”; he is the Chosen, Unlettered Prophet,
the servant and Messenger of Allah, the Awaited the servant and Messenger of Allah, the Awaited
Seal of Prophethood after whom there will be no Seal of Prophethood after whom there will be no
more prophet sent.more prophet sent.
FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSFROM PREVIOUS LESSONS
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IIMANIIMAN
BeliefBeliefFaithFaith
ConvictionConviction
IHSANIHSAN
Best or Best or Righteous Righteous ConductConduct
‘‘AMALAMAL [Islam][Islam]
SubmissionSubmissionObedienceObedience
PracticePracticeFaith without obedience is meaningless; and obedience without Faith is Faith without obedience is meaningless; and obedience without Faith is mere rituals and may even lead to hypocrisy. mere rituals and may even lead to hypocrisy.
Together, Faith and Obedience must lead to Righteousness with IHSAN Together, Faith and Obedience must lead to Righteousness with IHSAN which essentially focus in our intention to sincerely serve Allah s.w.t. which essentially focus in our intention to sincerely serve Allah s.w.t.
Thus, in these three aspects can one be said to be true in his submission Thus, in these three aspects can one be said to be true in his submission to the Will of Allah (as Muslim).to the Will of Allah (as Muslim).
THE SECOND ASPECT REQUIRED IN THE ATTESTATION TO THE SECOND ASPECT REQUIRED IN THE ATTESTATION TO THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUTHE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUHHEED)EED)
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IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST MOST COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL
““Do they seek for other than the Religion of Allah?―While all Do they seek for other than the Religion of Allah?―While all
creatures in the heavens and on earth have willing, or unwilling, creatures in the heavens and on earth have willing, or unwilling,
bowed to His Will (accepted Islam), and to Him shall they all be bowed to His Will (accepted Islam), and to Him shall they all be
brought back.” brought back.”
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 83Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 83))
All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)
All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)
“Now then, for that (reason), call (them to the Faith), and
stand steadfast as thou art commanded nor follow thou
their vain desires; but say: "I believe in the Book which
Allah has sent down; and I am commanded to judge justly
between you. Allah is Our Lord and your Lord. For us (is
the responsibility for) Our deeds, and for you for your
deeds. There is no contention between us and you. Allah
will bring us together, and to Him is (Our) final goal.”
(Qur’an: ash-Shura: 42: 15)
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The word “The word “IslamIslam” - literally means “” - literally means “surrendersurrender; ;
submissionsubmission”. When added with the prefix “”. When added with the prefix “alal” ( definite ” ( definite
article“tarticle“thehe” - to denote a name) it refers to the essential traits of ” - to denote a name) it refers to the essential traits of
this religion signifying an external manifestation of one’s inner this religion signifying an external manifestation of one’s inner
conviction, belief (conviction, belief (iimaniiman) towards “) towards “obedience to the will of obedience to the will of
AllahAllah”.”.
The true meaning of “The true meaning of “believebelieve” or “” or “iimaniiman”” is : is : “ “to be convinced in one’s heart/mind (to be convinced in one’s heart/mind (QolbQolb); );
and declare with one’s tongue, and declare with one’s tongue,
and practice deeds in accordance with its pillarsand practice deeds in accordance with its pillars””
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So “So “how does one begin to submit to Allah’s willhow does one begin to submit to Allah’s will”?”?
This was succinctly enumerated by Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. This was succinctly enumerated by Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.
in what is referred to as :in what is referred to as :
the Pillars of Islamthe Pillars of Islam ((Arkaan-ul-IslaamArkaan-ul-Islaam).).
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Islam is built upon Five (pillars):Islam is built upon Five (pillars):
[1] To bear witness that there is no god except [1] To bear witness that there is no god except
Allah, and that Muhammad is the Allah, and that Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah;Messenger of Allah;
[2] And to establish the (Daily obligatory) [2] And to establish the (Daily obligatory)
Swolah;Swolah;
[3] And pay out the Zakah (tax on wealth);[3] And pay out the Zakah (tax on wealth);
[4] And to make pilgrimage (Hajj) to the [4] And to make pilgrimage (Hajj) to the
House) for those who has the means to House) for those who has the means to
(do) it; (do) it;
[5] And to Fast (daily) in Ramadhan.[5] And to Fast (daily) in Ramadhan.
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Islam is built upon Five (pillars):Islam is built upon Five (pillars):
[1] To bear witness that there is no god except [1] To bear witness that there is no god except
Allah, and that Muhammad is the Allah, and that Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah;Messenger of Allah;
[2] And to establish the (Daily obligatory) [2] And to establish the (Daily obligatory)
Swolah;Swolah;
[3] And pay out the Zakah (tax on wealth);[3] And pay out the Zakah (tax on wealth);
[4] And to make pilgrimage (Hajj) to the [4] And to make pilgrimage (Hajj) to the
House) for those who has the means to House) for those who has the means to
(do) it; (do) it;
[5] And to Fast (daily) in Ramadhan.[5] And to Fast (daily) in Ramadhan.
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THE third PILLAR OF ISLAM IN PRACTICALIZING OBEDIENCE TO THE third PILLAR OF ISLAM IN PRACTICALIZING OBEDIENCE TO THE MESSAGE OF THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (THE MESSAGE OF THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUTAUHHEEDEED))
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IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL
In respecting the dominance of the followers, adherents of the In respecting the dominance of the followers, adherents of the
school of school of FiqhFiqh of of al-Mujtahid-mutlaq al-Imam Muhammad ibn Idrisal-Mujtahid-mutlaq al-Imam Muhammad ibn Idris
ash-Shafi-’ie rhm.aash-Shafi-’ie rhm.a.. here in this region, the practices in this here in this region, the practices in this
manual / lesson on manual / lesson on FIQHFIQH matters, shall subscribe and be in matters, shall subscribe and be in
conformity with this school of Islamic jurisprudence (conformity with this school of Islamic jurisprudence (madzhabmadzhab). ).
Yet, we hold to a healthy respect and tolerance (Yet, we hold to a healthy respect and tolerance (tasamuhtasamuh) towards ) towards
other other madzaahibmadzaahib and and ikhtilaafikhtilaaf (differences of opinion) amongst (differences of opinion) amongst
Islamic scholars. Islamic scholars.
The dominant schools of Islamic jurisprudence generally accepted The dominant schools of Islamic jurisprudence generally accepted
are the, are the, Ja’afari, Maliki, Hanafi, Shafi’e Ja’afari, Maliki, Hanafi, Shafi’e and and Hanbali.Hanbali.
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‘Zakah’ or ‘Zakat’ here is meant:
“ the compulsory tax upon a Muslim’s wealth,
to be given out to certain categories of people,
as commanded by Allah.”
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Yet, it is interesting to note that the Arabic word
‘Zakah’ has the meaning of “to purify” as well as “to
make it grow”. Thus, Allah says:
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Yet, it is interesting to note that the Arabic word
‘Zakah’ has the meaning of “to purify” as well as “to
make it grow”. Thus, Allah says:
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We come into this world without any possession. Then we
begin to acquire for our needs, provision and possessions -
and begin accumulating and amassing wealth.
Our interaction with this world and material possessions
will have effect upon our self (Nafs), our hearts (Qolb), our
soul (Ruh).
Regarding our Self, or heart, Allah says:
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FIRST REASONFIRST REASON
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FIRST REASONFIRST REASON
““And a soul (And a soul (NafsNafs) and Him Who perfected it. ) and Him Who perfected it.
And inspired it (with conscience of) what is wrong for it and And inspired it (with conscience of) what is wrong for it and
(what is) right for it. (what is) right for it.
He is indeed successful who purify and causes it to grow, He is indeed successful who purify and causes it to grow,
And he is indeed a failure who stunted it.”And he is indeed a failure who stunted it.”((Qur’an: ash-Shams: 91: 7-10Qur’an: ash-Shams: 91: 7-10) )
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FIRST REASONFIRST REASON
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FIRST REASONFIRST REASON
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FIRST REASONFIRST REASON
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Islam never totally reject the world nor does it denies the
importance to Muslims acquiring wealth.
Yet it knows what these can do to our spiritual self. Thus,
it is indeed crucial to avert corruption and spiritual diseases
from affecting our hearts and soul (nafs) which wealth and
material possessions may bring e.g. Greed, possessiveness,
miserliness, avarice, corruption, oppression etc.
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There is a saying:
““Love for the world (affection and attachment to Love for the world (affection and attachment to
material possession) is the head (root) of every material possession) is the head (root) of every
sins (wrong-doings,(mistakes, errors etc.)”sins (wrong-doings,(mistakes, errors etc.)”
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
““Verily We have created Man into toil and struggle. Thinks Verily We have created Man into toil and struggle. Thinks
he, that none hath power over him? He may say he, that none hath power over him? He may say
(boastfully): "Wealth have I squandered in (boastfully): "Wealth have I squandered in
abundance!” Thinks he that none beholds him? Have We abundance!” Thinks he that none beholds him? Have We
not made for him a pair of eyes?― And a tongue, and a pair not made for him a pair of eyes?― And a tongue, and a pair
of lips?― And shown him the two highways? “of lips?― And shown him the two highways? “
((Qur’an: al-Balad: 90: 7-10Qur’an: al-Balad: 90: 7-10) )
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Thus, Muslims not only needs to be reminded that:Thus, Muslims not only needs to be reminded that:
[a] [a] possession and wealth are bestowals of Allah, only as possession and wealth are bestowals of Allah, only as
temporary trust (temporary trust (amanahamanah) for our use;) for our use;
[b] [b] it is how you get this and how you spent it that you shall it is how you get this and how you spent it that you shall
be questioned by Allah s.w.t. – not how much you be questioned by Allah s.w.t. – not how much you
accumulate!accumulate!
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Thus, Muslims not only needs to be reminded that:Thus, Muslims not only needs to be reminded that:
[c] [c] remember how innocent we were, until we began to remember how innocent we were, until we began to
develop selfishness, greed, miserly, covetousness etc. develop selfishness, greed, miserly, covetousness etc.
Thus, Thus, ZakahZakah is to effectively and as practical reminder to is to effectively and as practical reminder to
be inculcated, so as not to allow such corruptions to occur in be inculcated, so as not to allow such corruptions to occur in
our Self/Soul.our Self/Soul.
All bestowals and wealth is from Allah. And He would
generally bestow upon many amongst mankind more than
what he needs, so that through them these wealth would
be shared with the others who deserves it.
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SECOND REASONSECOND REASON
There is no shortage of Allah’s bestowal upon mankind
regarding wealth and provision – mankind's’ economic
problem is only regarding its distribution.
This is because living in this world is but a test – especially
in this case, test upon rich towards the poor, the have
towards those who have not.
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SECOND REASONSECOND REASON
Thus, Muslim regards part of what Allah gives him to
include what belongs to others, which becomes his
amanah (trust) to distribute them to its rightful recipients.
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SECOND REASONSECOND REASON
And because the Muslim regards his wealth to includes
what belongs to others. As long as these are not given out
to their rightful recipients, his wealth is not totally
regarded as his. Therefore by giving out the zakat, it is like
purifying the wealth which is in his possession from what
is not his and forbidden for him to consume
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SECOND REASONSECOND REASON
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What is the real worth of our wealth? With death, these What is the real worth of our wealth? With death, these
wealth looses all value for us, except those that has been wealth looses all value for us, except those that has been
spent in accordance towards what Allah commanded us to spent in accordance towards what Allah commanded us to
– and He promises to increase them, not only its amount, – and He promises to increase them, not only its amount,
but its real value for us will be eternally enjoyed beyond but its real value for us will be eternally enjoyed beyond
our death.our death.
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FIRST REASONINGFIRST REASONING
The promise reward is a minimum return of 1 : 700% The promise reward is a minimum return of 1 : 700%
(certainly a most generous investment returns for our (certainly a most generous investment returns for our
hereafter).hereafter).
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FIRST REASONINGFIRST REASONING
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
FIRST REASONINGFIRST REASONING
“ “ The likeness of those who spend their wealth in Allah's way The likeness of those who spend their wealth in Allah's way
is as the likeness of a grain which grows seven ears (cobs is as the likeness of a grain which grows seven ears (cobs
e.g. like corn), in every ear a hundred grains. e.g. like corn), in every ear a hundred grains.
Allah gives increase manifold to whom He will. Allah is All-Allah gives increase manifold to whom He will. Allah is All-
Embracing, All-Knowing.”Embracing, All-Knowing.”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 261Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 261))
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FIRST REASONINGFIRST REASONING
Wealth is measured, not by how much money is a country,
but by how it has been circulated and how many times it is
used. Thus a country’s economy is measured by Gross
Domestic Product (GDP).
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SECOND REASONINGSECOND REASONING
In society, there are people who do not have spending
power due to poverty or unemployment etc. (which zakat
is meant for). Providing for them means injecting into the
economy catalysts to increase economic activity because
of the “multiplier effect” it generates.
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SECOND REASONINGSECOND REASONING
Thus it is, that Zakat seems to ‘penalise’ unused wealth,
to discourage hoardings especially when these wealth
inevitably deprive those who are in need from having
means to spend even on basics.
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SECOND REASONINGSECOND REASONING
Wealth when used or injected into the economy would in
fact generate work and incomes to these various category
of people, thus, by increasing consumer demand
(spending) increases national products and services,
whereas hoarding wealth would stifle and retard the
economy.
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SECOND REASONINGSECOND REASONING
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
Agricultural Agricultural produceproduce
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
635 kg.635 kg.PerPer
harvestharvest
5% produce in 5% produce in case of irrigated case of irrigated land.land.
10% produce 10% produce from rain-fed from rain-fed land.land.
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
Gold, silver or Gold, silver or ornaments of ornaments of gold and silvergold and silver
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
85 gm 85 gm (gold)(gold)
595 gm595 gm(silver)(silver)
One year
(lunar)
2.5% of the value
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
Cash, in hand Cash, in hand or in the bankor in the bank
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
Value of Value of 595 gm595 gm(silver)(silver)
(MUIS)*S$5,226
as @ FEB 2011*Islamic Religious
Council of Singapore
One year
(lunar)
2.5% of the 2.5% of the amount of cash amount of cash in hand or in in hand or in bank bank
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
Trading goodsTrading goods
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
One year
(lunar)
2.5% of the value of the goods
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
Value of Value of 595 gm595 gm(silver)(silver)
(MUIS)*S$5,226
as @ FEB 2011*Islamic Religious
Council of Singapore
Cows and Cows and buffaloesbuffaloes
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
30 in numbers
- For every 30, a 1-year old calf; and so on.
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
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Goats and sheep
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
40 in numbers
- One sheep for first 40;
Two for 120; and so on.
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
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Produce of the Produce of the mines – all mines – all kinds of kinds of mineralsminerals
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
Any amount
- 20% of the value of produce
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
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Camels
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
5 numbers - 5 up to 24 : one sheep or goat for every 5 camels;
25 up to 35 : one 1-year old she camel; and so on
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
In keeping with changing economic system (development), there In keeping with changing economic system (development), there
may be other types of wealth which contemporary Islamic jurists may be other types of wealth which contemporary Islamic jurists
may regard to be ‘zakatable’ by consensus (may regard to be ‘zakatable’ by consensus (IJMA’IJMA’) or in accordance ) or in accordance
with acceptable scholarly exertion (with acceptable scholarly exertion (IJTIHADIJTIHAD), be it analogous ), be it analogous
deduction (deduction (QIYASQIYAS), preference (), preference (ISTIHSAISTIHSAN), needs (N), needs (MASLAHATMASLAHAT ) etc. ) etc.
TYPES OF WEALTHTYPES OF WEALTH NISABNISAB HAULHAUL RATES OF ZAKATRATES OF ZAKAT
Reference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-QardhawiReference: “Fiqhuz-Zakah” – Sheikh Dr. Yusuf al-Qardhawi
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Wa-Allaahu a’lam(IT IS ALLAH WHO KNOWS ALL)
““ASAANIF” ASAANIF” : THE CATEGORIES OF PEOPLE : THE CATEGORIES OF PEOPLE
UNTO WHICH ZAKAT MUST BE GIVEN TO.UNTO WHICH ZAKAT MUST BE GIVEN TO.
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
“ “ The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and those who The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and those who
collect them, and those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and collect them, and those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and
to free the captives and the debtors, and for the cause of to free the captives and the debtors, and for the cause of
Allah, and (for) the wayfarer; a duty imposed by Allah. Allah is Allah, and (for) the wayfarer; a duty imposed by Allah. Allah is
Knower, Wise.” Knower, Wise.”
((Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 60Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 60))
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““The Believers men and women, are (The Believers men and women, are (AWLIYA’AWLIYA’) protectors ) protectors
one of another: they enjoin what is just, and forbid what is one of another: they enjoin what is just, and forbid what is
evil: they observe regular prayers (evil: they observe regular prayers (swolahswolah), practice ), practice
regular charity (regular charity (zakahzakah), and obey Allah and His Messenger. ), and obey Allah and His Messenger.
On them will Allah pour His mercy: for Allah is Exalted in On them will Allah pour His mercy: for Allah is Exalted in
power, Wise.” power, Wise.”
((Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 71Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 71))
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[1] The “poor; or those in poverty.” They are those who
do not possess any wealth, or whose income is less than
⅓ of what he needs to sustain livelihood for himself and
people under his guardianship.
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FUQARA’ - FAAQIRFUQARA’ - FAAQIR
[2] These are the “needy; those in need” or (those
slightly better-off than the “faqir”) who may have
possessions and income, yet “whose income is still less
than ⅔ of what he needs to sustain livelihood for
himself and family under his care.”
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MASAAKIN - MISKEENMASAAKIN - MISKEEN
[3] The full description is “[3] The full description is “those who are employed or those who are employed or
working upon it working upon it (collecting and distributing the zakah)”. (collecting and distributing the zakah)”.
This imply necessity for zakat institution be managed This imply necessity for zakat institution be managed
(efficiently) professionally; and to safeguard the honour (efficiently) professionally; and to safeguard the honour
of every Muslims from having to beg.of every Muslims from having to beg.
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‘‘AAMILEEN – ‘AMILAAMILEEN – ‘AMIL
[4] The literal translation of this group is “those whose
hearts are reconciled (i.e. towards accepting Islam)”.
This is to ensure new Muslims’ every need is provided
for, even those who may be rich, they are entitled to
disbursement from the Islamic treasury.
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MU-ALLAF MU-ALLAF
[5] From the word meaning “neck” – it refers to the
ransoming or free Muslims from slavery.
This shows that every Muslim must be freed from all forms
of slavery or from being under oppression. Their freedom
must be accorded for them (if need be) using the zakat funds.
Although chattel slavery no longer exist, yet Islamic scholars
are known to apply ‘qiyas’ (juristic analogy) for what may
constitute modern ‘slavery’.All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
RI-QAABRI-QAAB
[6] These are “those who are indebted”.
We differentiate “debt” from “loan”. Loan is merely one
who can afford to repay what he owes, except that it be
deferred. He is not what we mean by “one who is indebted”.
“Those indebted” are akin to “faqir & miskin” but in a
temporary sense, because of unforeseen expenditure
incurred due to misfortune, sickness, accident, calamities etc.
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GHAA-RIMEENGHAA-RIMEEN
[7] Literally, it means “those (fighting, striving) in the Way of
Allah”.
This is for those Muslim “Mujahideen” in the way of Allah,
during war as fighters; and In peace time, it include the
“Mujahid of Da’wah” i.e. those striving to “raise the kalimah
of Allah, to be highest” in the field of spreading the teachings
of Islam through Da’wah.
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FEE-SABI-LILLAAHFEE-SABI-LILLAAH
[8] This refers to Muslim “travellers or wayfarer”.
A Muslim traveller in need, has rights to zakat funds,
wherever or whenever he encounters difficulty while
travelling in Muslim lands. In fact, there were times in history
that the Islamic state provided 3 days hospitality in
caravanserais (musafir-khana) managed by Islamic treasury
(bayt-ul-maal) , for every Muslim travellers.
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IBNUS-SABEELIBNUS-SABEEL
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““Fair in the eyes of men is the love of things they covet: women Fair in the eyes of men is the love of things they covet: women
and sons; heaped-up hoards of gold and silver; horses branded (for and sons; heaped-up hoards of gold and silver; horses branded (for
blood and excellence); and (wealth of) cattle and well-tilled land. blood and excellence); and (wealth of) cattle and well-tilled land.
Such are the possessions of this world's life; but in nearness to Such are the possessions of this world's life; but in nearness to
Allah is the best of the goals (to return to).”Allah is the best of the goals (to return to).”
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3:14Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3:14))
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
"But seek, with the (wealth) which Allah has bestowed on "But seek, with the (wealth) which Allah has bestowed on
thee, the Home of the Hereafter, nor forget thy portion in this thee, the Home of the Hereafter, nor forget thy portion in this
world: but do thou good, as Allah has been good to thee, and world: but do thou good, as Allah has been good to thee, and
seek not (occasions for) mischief in the land: for Allah loves not seek not (occasions for) mischief in the land: for Allah loves not
those who do mischief." those who do mischief."
((Qur’an: Qasas: 28: 77Qur’an: Qasas: 28: 77))
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
“Who is he that will loan to Allah a beautiful loan,
(QARD’-HASANAH) which Allah will double unto his credit
and multiply many times? It is Allah that gives (you) want
or plenty and to Him shall be your return.”
(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 245)
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
Render not vain your almsgiving (swodaqat) by reproach and injury, (Q: Baqarah: 2: 264)
“ Those who spend their wealth in the cause of Allah and
follow not up their gifts with reminders of their generosity or
with injury,― for them their reward is with their Lord; on
them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve. ”
(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 262)
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“ “ Kind words and the covering of faults are better Kind words and the covering of faults are better
than charity followed by injury. Allah is free of all wants, than charity followed by injury. Allah is free of all wants,
and He is Most Forbearing. ” and He is Most Forbearing. ”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 263Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 263))
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
“ “ O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving (O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving (swodaqatswodaqat) )
by reproach and injury, like him who spends his wealth only to be by reproach and injury, like him who spends his wealth only to be
seen of men and believes not in Allah and the Last Day. His seen of men and believes not in Allah and the Last Day. His
likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a
rainstorm smites it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no rainstorm smites it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no
control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guides not control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guides not
the disbelieving folk. ” the disbelieving folk. ”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 264Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 264))
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“ “ The Satan threatens you with poverty and bids you to conduct The Satan threatens you with poverty and bids you to conduct
unseemly. Allah promises you His forgiveness and bounties and unseemly. Allah promises you His forgiveness and bounties and
Allah cares for all and He knows all things.”Allah cares for all and He knows all things.”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 268Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 268))
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“ “ Whatever of good ye give benefits your own souls and ye shall Whatever of good ye give benefits your own souls and ye shall
only do so seeking the "Face" of Allah. Whatever good ye give, shall only do so seeking the "Face" of Allah. Whatever good ye give, shall
be rendered back to you and ye shall not be dealt with unjustly. ”be rendered back to you and ye shall not be dealt with unjustly. ”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 272Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 272))
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
““And let not those who covetously withheld of the gifts which And let not those who covetously withheld of the gifts which
Allah hath given them of His Grace think that it is good for them: Allah hath given them of His Grace think that it is good for them:
nay it will be the worse for them: soon it will be tied to their necks nay it will be the worse for them: soon it will be tied to their necks
like a twisted collar on the Day of Judgment. To Allah belongs the like a twisted collar on the Day of Judgment. To Allah belongs the
heritage of the heavens and the earth; and Allah is well heritage of the heavens and the earth; and Allah is well
acquainted with all that ye do.”acquainted with all that ye do.”
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 180Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 180))
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
““Allah hath heard the taunt of those who say: "Truly, Allah is Allah hath heard the taunt of those who say: "Truly, Allah is
indigent and we are rich!",― We shall certainly record their indigent and we are rich!",― We shall certainly record their
word and (their act) of slaying the Prophets in defiance of word and (their act) of slaying the Prophets in defiance of
right, and We shall say: "Taste ye the penalty of the right, and We shall say: "Taste ye the penalty of the
Scorching Fire!. “Scorching Fire!. “
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 181Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 181))
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“O ye who believe! There are indeed many among the priests
and anchorites, who in falsehood devour the wealth of men
and hinder (them) from the Way of Allah. And there are those
who bury gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah:
announce unto them a most grievous penalty.”
(Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 34)
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
““On the Day when heat will be produced out of that (wealth) in On the Day when heat will be produced out of that (wealth) in
the fire of Hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads, their the fire of Hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads, their
flanks and their backs― "This is the (treasure) which ye buried flanks and their backs― "This is the (treasure) which ye buried
for yourselves: taste ye, then the (treasures) ye buried!" for yourselves: taste ye, then the (treasures) ye buried!"
((Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 35Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 35 ) )
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““And spend something (in charity) out of the substance which And spend something (in charity) out of the substance which
We have bestowed on you, before death should come to any of We have bestowed on you, before death should come to any of
you and he should say "O my Lord! why didst thou not give me you and he should say "O my Lord! why didst thou not give me
respite for a little while? I should then have given (largely) in respite for a little while? I should then have given (largely) in
charity, and I should have been one of the doers of good." But charity, and I should have been one of the doers of good." But
to no soul will Allah grant respite when the time appointed (for to no soul will Allah grant respite when the time appointed (for
it) has come: and Allah is well-acquainted with (all) that ye do.”it) has come: and Allah is well-acquainted with (all) that ye do.”
((Qur’an: Munafiun: 63: 10-11Qur’an: Munafiun: 63: 10-11 ) )
“ “Protect your wealth by paying the Protect your wealth by paying the ZakahZakah, and heal your sick , and heal your sick
by giving charity (by giving charity (sadaqahsadaqah)”)”
((Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.wHadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.).)
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““There is no wealth which is mixed with (portions in which) There is no wealth which is mixed with (portions in which)
zakatzakat (is not paid) except that it will be cause of destruction.) (is not paid) except that it will be cause of destruction.)
((Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.wHadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.).)
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““If you fulfil (pay out) the If you fulfil (pay out) the zakat zakat upon your wealth with a good upon your wealth with a good
heart (i.e. without feeling regret or sense of loss, or being heart (i.e. without feeling regret or sense of loss, or being
insincere, hypocritical etc.), then in reality you have been saved insincere, hypocritical etc.), then in reality you have been saved
from the evil (or harm which your wealth may bring upon you).”from the evil (or harm which your wealth may bring upon you).”
((Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.wHadith of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.).)
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail 2011
““O Allah! Make sufficient for us our provision with what is O Allah! Make sufficient for us our provision with what is
lawful (halal) and not from what is forbidden (haram). lawful (halal) and not from what is forbidden (haram).
Enrich us with the bestowals from You alone, not from Enrich us with the bestowals from You alone, not from
other than You.”other than You.”
ALLA-HUM-MAK - FI-NAA BI-HA-LAA-LI-KA- ‘AN-HA-RAA-MIK, ALLA-HUM-MAK - FI-NAA BI-HA-LAA-LI-KA- ‘AN-HA-RAA-MIK, WA-ARGH-NI-NAA – BI – FADw -LI-KA – ‘AM-MAN –SI- WAAKWA-ARGH-NI-NAA – BI – FADw -LI-KA – ‘AM-MAN –SI- WAAK
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ALLAA-HUM-MA - IN-NEE – A –’UU- DZU – BIKA - MINAL-ALLAA-HUM-MA - IN-NEE – A –’UU- DZU – BIKA - MINAL-
BUKH-LI, WA – A-’UU-DZU- BIKA - MINAL-JUBNI,BUKH-LI, WA – A-’UU-DZU- BIKA - MINAL-JUBNI,
WA-A-’UU-DZU - BIKA MIN- AN- URAD -DA – ILAA – WA-A-’UU-DZU - BIKA MIN- AN- URAD -DA – ILAA –
AR-ZA- LIL- ‘UMUR , WA –A-’UU-DZU- BIKA – MIN – FITNA-TID-DUN-AR-ZA- LIL- ‘UMUR , WA –A-’UU-DZU- BIKA – MIN – FITNA-TID-DUN-
YAA – WA – ‘A-DZAA-BIL – QAB-RIYAA – WA – ‘A-DZAA-BIL – QAB-RI
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““O AllO Allaah, I seek refuge in You from miserliness and cowardice, I h, I seek refuge in You from miserliness and cowardice, I
seek refuge in You lest I be returned to the worst of lives “i.e. seek refuge in You lest I be returned to the worst of lives “i.e.
old age, being weak, destitute, incapable and in a state of old age, being weak, destitute, incapable and in a state of
fear, etc.”, and I seek refuge in You from the trials and fear, etc.”, and I seek refuge in You from the trials and
tribulations of this worldly life and the punishment of the tribulations of this worldly life and the punishment of the
grave.”grave.”
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““O Allah! We ask that You be pleased with us and (grant us) O Allah! We ask that You be pleased with us and (grant us)
the Paradise, and we seek refuge (in You) from Your wrath the Paradise, and we seek refuge (in You) from Your wrath
and the Hell-fire.”and the Hell-fire.”
ALLA-HUM-MA IN-NAA NAS-A-LU-KA RI- DwAA -KA WAL JAN-NATA, ALLA-HUM-MA IN-NAA NAS-A-LU-KA RI- DwAA -KA WAL JAN-NATA, WA-NA-’UU- DzU- BI-KA MIN SA-KHA-TI-KA WAN-NAAR WA-NA-’UU- DzU- BI-KA MIN SA-KHA-TI-KA WAN-NAAR
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““(May) Allah grant His Reward upon Muhammad, (May) Allah grant His Reward upon Muhammad,
salutations of Allah and Peace be upon him and his salutations of Allah and Peace be upon him and his
family, in accordance with what he deserves (in family, in accordance with what he deserves (in
Allah’s knowledge & estimation).”Allah’s knowledge & estimation).”
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JAZALLAA-HU ‘AN-NAA MUHAM-MADAN SWOL-LAL-LAAHU JAZALLAA-HU ‘AN-NAA MUHAM-MADAN SWOL-LAL-LAAHU ‘‘ALAY-HI WA- AA-LIHI WA-SAL-LA-MA – MAA HU-WA AH-LUHU ALAY-HI WA- AA-LIHI WA-SAL-LA-MA – MAA HU-WA AH-LUHU
””Glory to thy Lord the Lord, of Honour and Power! (He Glory to thy Lord the Lord, of Honour and Power! (He
is free) from what they ascribe (to Him)! And Peace on is free) from what they ascribe (to Him)! And Peace on
the Messengers! And praise to Allah, the Lord and the Messengers! And praise to Allah, the Lord and
Cherisher of the Worlds.” Cherisher of the Worlds.”
((Qur’an : Saffat: 37 : 180-182Qur’an : Saffat: 37 : 180-182))
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