shortreports КРАТКИЕСООБЩЕНИЯ

Short reports Raptors Conservation 2006, 6 65

Ïåðâûå âñòðå÷è îðëà-êàðëèêà (Hieraaetuspennatus) íà òåððèòîðèè Òàòàðèè îòíîñÿò-ñÿ ê êîíöó ÕIÕ âåêà: Ì.À. Ìåíçáèð (1895)óïîìèíàåò î íàõîæäåíèè ýòîãî âèäà íàþãî-âîñòîêå ñîâðåìåííîé òåððèòîðèèðåñïóáëèêè. Òåì íå ìåíåå, âïëîòü äî êîí-öà 90-õ ãã. ÕÕ âåêà âèä ñ÷èòàëñÿ çàë¸òíûì(Ãðèãîðüåâ è äð., 1977, Àñüêååâ, Àñüêååâ,1999). Â íà÷àëå ñåíòÿáðÿ 1996 ã. îäèíî÷-íûé êàðëèê íàáëþäàëñÿ íà òåððèòîðèè Ñà-ðàëîâñêîãî ó÷àñòêà Âîëæñêî-Êàìñêîãî ãî-ñóäàðñòâåííîãî çàïîâåäíèêà (Ãîñäîêëàä…,1997 èç: Àñüêååâ, Àñüêååâ, 1999). Ïåðâûåñâåäåíèÿ î ãíåçäîâàíèè êàðëèêà â Òàòàðèèïîÿâèëèñü â ñàìîì íà÷àëå XXI âåêà. Íàêðàéíåì þãî-çàïàäå Òàòàðèè â Ùó÷üèõ ãî-ðàõ áëèç ãðàíèöû ñ Óëüÿíîâñêîé îáëàñòüþ19 àâãóñòà 2002 ã. áûë îáíàðóæåí âûâî-äîê îðëîâ-êàðëèêîâ, à ïî áåðåãóÊóéáûøåâñêîãî âîäîõðàíèëèùà20 àâãóñòà ó÷òåíî 8 îðëîâ (Áàðà-áàøèí è äð., 2002). Ïîçæå, 1–9ìàÿ 2004 ã., Ì.Â. Êîðåïîâ (2004)â Ùó÷üèõ ãîðàõ âûÿâèë 5 ãíåçäî-âûõ òåððèòîðèé îðëà-êàðëèêà, îá-íàðóæèë 3 ãíåçäà, 2 èç êîòîðûõîêàçàëèñü æèëûìè. Â 2005 ã. 2ãíåçäà êàðëèêîâ è ó÷àñòîê, íà êî-òîðîì âñòðå÷åí ñàìåö ñ äîáû÷åé,âûÿâëåíû â Áóãóëüìèíñêîì ð-íå(Êàðÿêèí, â ïå÷àòè).

Â èþëå 2006 ã. äâà ãíåçäîâûõó÷àñòêà îðëîâ-êàðëèêîâ îáíàðó-æåíû â ïðàâîáåðåæüå ð. Êàìà(ðèñ. 1).

Ïðè îáñëåäîâàíèè êðîìêèëåñà âäîëü áåðåãîâîé ïîëîñûÊóéáûøåâñêîãî âîäîõðàíèëèùà

New�records�of�breeding�the�Booted�Eagle�in�the�Republic

of�Tatarstan

НОВЫЕ�НАХОДКИ�ОРЛА-КАРЛИКА�НА�ГНЕЗДОВАНИИ

В�ТАТАРСТАНЕ

Nikolenko�E.G.�(Siberian�environmental�Center,�Novosibirsk,�Russia)

Bekmansurov�R.H.�(National�Park�‘Nizhnyaya�Kama’,�Elabuga,�Republic�of�Tatarstan,

Russia)

Ни�олен�о�Э.Г.�(МБОО�«Сибирс�ий�э�оло�ичес�ий�центр»,�Новосибирс�,�Россия)

Бе�манс�ров�Р.Х.�(Национальный�пар��«Нижняя�Кама»,�Респ�бли�а�Татарстан,

Россия)

The Booted Eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus)had been considered as a vagrant in theRepublic of Tatarstan till 1990-s (Askeev,Askeev, 1999). The breeding of this spe-cies was recorded at first in the south ofthe Republic of Tatarstan in 2002–2005(Barabashin et al., 2002; Korepov, 2004;Karyakin, in print).

Two breeding territories were found inthe right side of the Kama river in July 2006(fig. 1). The occupied nest (¹ 1) was foundon a birch tree and contained 2 chicks. An-other nest (¹ 2) located on a pine tree wasempty, a dead bird was found near it.

For conservation this species should beincluded in the Red Data Book of the Re-public of Tatarstan.

Êîíòàêò:

Ýëüâèðà ÍèêîëåíêîÌÁÎÎ «Ñèáèðñêèéýêîëîãè÷åñêèé öåíòð»630090 ÐîññèÿÍîâîñèáèðñêà/ÿ 547òåë./ôàêñ:(383) 339 78 [email protected]

Ðèíóð ÁåêìàíñóðîâÍàöèîíàëüíûé ïàðê«Íèæíÿÿ Êàìà»423600 ÐîññèÿÒàòàðñòàíã. Åëàáóãàóë. Íåôòÿíèêîâ, 175òåë.: (855 57) 4 33 [email protected]@yandex.ru

Contact:

Elvira NikolenkoNGO SiberianEnviromental CenterP.O. Box 547Novosibirsk630090 Russiatel./fax:(383) 339 78 [email protected]

Rinur BekmansurovNational Park‘Nizhnyaya Kama’Heftyannikov str., 175Elabuga Republic ofTatarstan Russia423600tel.: (855 57) 4 33 [email protected]@yandex.ru

Short�reports

КРАТКИЕ� СООБЩЕНИЯ

Ðèñ. 1. Ãíåçäîâûå ó÷àñòêè îðëà-êàðëèêà (Hieraaetus pennatus) âïðàâîáåðåæüå ð. Êàìû.

Fig. 1. Breeding areas of the Booted Eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) inthe right side of the Kama river.

Êðàòêèå ñîîáùåíèÿÏåðíàòûå õèùíèêè è èõ îõðàíà 2006, 666

âûøå âïàäåíèÿ ð. Áåðñóò 22èþëÿ ïî êðèêàì ïòåíöîâ èñàìêè áûëî íàéäåíî ãíåçäî(ðèñ. 1, òî÷êà 1). Îíî ðàñïî-ëàãàëîñü â 100 ì îò îáðûâàêîðåííîãî áåðåãà âîäîõðà-íèëèùà íà áåð¸çå ñðåäè ãó-ñòîãî ëèñòâåííîãî ëåñà íàâûñîòå 13–15 ì â ðàçâèëêåáîëüøèõ âåòâåé â 10 ì îò âåð-õà. Ïîñòðîéêà ìàññèâíàÿ,ìíîãîëåòíÿÿ, â êîòîðîé õîðî-øî ïðîñëåæèâàëèñü ñëîèåæåãîäíûõ íàäñòðîåê èç ñî-ñíîâûõ âåòîê ñ õâîåé. 26èþëÿ ãíåçäî ñíîâà ïîñåùà-ëîñü è áûëî îñìîòðåíî. Ïî-

ñòðîéêà îêàçàëàñü îâàëüíîé ôîðìû – âäëèíó 1,1 ì, â øèðèíó 0,7 ì, â âûñîòó 0,7ì. Ëîòîê âûñòëàí ñâåæèìè ñîñíîâûìè âåò-âÿìè ñ õâîåé. Â ãíåçäå íàõîäèëèñü 2 ïîë-íîñòüþ îïåð¸ííûõ ïòåíöà, îäèí èç êîòî-ðûõ áûë èçìåðåí: êëþâ îò âîñêîâèöû – 23ìì, ðàçðåç ðòà – 37 ìì, öåâêà – 70 ìì,äèàìåòð öåâêè – 9 ìì, êðûëî – 270 ìì. Âãíåçäå òàêæå îáíàðóæåíû îñòàíêè ìåëêèõâîðîáüèíûõ ïòèö è ñâåæåäîáûòàÿ ÷àéêà.

Äðóãîé ãíåçäîâîé ó÷àñòîê îðëà-êàðëè-êà áûë ëîêàëèçîâàí åù¸ â èþíå, ïðè îá-ñëåäîâàíèè êëàñòåðà «Áîëüøîé áîð» íàöè-îíàëüíîãî ïàðêà «Íèæíÿÿ Êàìà». Òîãäàáûëî íàéäåíî ñâåæåå ïåðî îðëà-êàðëèêàïîä ñîñíîé ñ ïðèñàäîé. Äàííàÿ òåððèòî-ðèÿ áûëà òùàòåëüíî îáñëåäîâàíà 25 èþëÿ,è â 200–300 ì îò ïðèñàäû îáíàðóæåíîãíåçäî îðëà-êàðëèêà (ðèñ. 1, òî÷êà 2). Îíîðàñïîëàãàëîñü íà ñòàðîé ñîñíå, íà âûñîòå18–20 ì â 10–12 ì îò âåðõà. Ðàçìåð ïîñò-ðîéêè: 40 õ 70 ñì, ïðè âûñîòå 30–40 ñì;ðàçìåðû ëîòêà: 35–40 õ 50 ñì. Ëîòîêñôîðìèðîâàí è íå ðàñòîïòàí, âûñòëàíõâîéíûìè âåòî÷êàìè, ÷òî ñâèäåòåëüñòâóåòîá îòñóòñòâèè óñïåøíîãî ðàçìíîæåíèÿ âýòîì ãîäó. Òåì íå ìåíåå, â ãíåçäå îïðåäå-ë¸ííî áûëî ðàçìíîæåíèå â ïðîøëîì ãîäó,ñóäÿ ïî ñëåäàì ïîìåòà íà âåòâÿõ ñîñíû

âîêðóã ãíåçäà. Â 300-õ ì îòãíåçäà áûëè îáíàðóæåíû îñ-òàíêè îðëà-êàðëèêà, ñóäÿ ïîñîñòîÿíèþ ïåðüåâ, ïîãèáøå-ãî åù¸ âåñíîé. Âèäèìî, ïîýòîé ïðè÷èíå óñïåøíîãî ðàç-ìíîæåíèÿ â ýòîì ãîäó íå ñî-ñòîÿëîñü.

Â 300-õ ì îò ãíåçäà îðëà-êàðëèêà ¹ 2 ðàñïîëàãàëîñü

æèëîå â ýòîì ãîäó ãíåçäî êîðøóíà (Milvusmigrans), èç êîòîðîãî âûëåòåëè 3 ñë¸òêà. Ñëå-äóåò çàìåòèòü, ÷òî îáà ãíåçäà êàðëèêîâ íà-õîäèëèñü â ïðåäåëàõ ãíåçäîâûõ ó÷àñòêîâîðëàíà-áåëîõâîñòà (Haliaeetus albicilla).

Îïðåäåë¸ííî, îð¸ë-êàðëèê ïîÿâèëñÿ íàãíåçäîâàíèè íà ñåâåðå Òàòàðñòàíà â ïîñ-ëåäíèå äåñÿòèëåòèÿ, â ïåðèîä ýêñïàíñèèýòîãî âèäà íà ñåâåð (Áîðîäèí è äð., 2003),è íàøè íàáëþäåíèÿ ëèøíèé ðàç ïîäòâåð-æäàþò ýòî. Ó÷èòûâàÿ ëèòåðàòóðíûå äàí-íûå, ìîæíî ïðåäïîëàãàòü, ÷òî â íàñòîÿùååâðåìÿ îð¸ë-êàðëèê íàñåëÿåò âñþ òåððèòî-ðèþ Òàòàðèè. Äëÿ îõðàíû âèäà íåîáõîäè-ìî ðàññìîòðåòü âîïðîñ î âêëþ÷åíèè åãî âÊðàñíóþ êíèãó Ðåñïóáëèêè Òàòàðñòàí.

Ëèòåðàòóðà

Àñüêååâ È.Â., Àñüêååâ Î.Â. ÎðíèòîôàóíàÐåñïóáëèêè Òàòàðñòàí (êîíñïåêò ñîâðåìåííî-ãî ñîñòîÿíèÿ). Êàçàíü. 1999. 124 ñ.

Áàðàáàøèí Ò.Î., Êîðåïîâ Ì.Â., Ñàëìèí Â.À.«Ùó÷üè ãîðû» – êëþ÷åâàÿ îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêàÿòåððèòîðèÿ ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî ðàíãà. – Ïðèðî-äà Ñèìáèðñêîãî Ïîâîëæüÿ. Óëüÿíîâñê. 2002.Ò.3. Ñ. 165–167.

Áîðîäèí Î. Â., Áàðàáàøèí Ò. Î., ÑàëòûêîâÀ. Â. Ðàññåëåíèå îðëà-êàðëèêà â Ñðåäíåì Ïî-âîëæüå. – Ìàòåðèàëû IV êîíôåðåíöèè ïî õèù-íûì ïòèöàì Ñåâåðíîé Åâðàçèè. Ïåíçà. 2003.Ñ. 153–155. 5

Ãðèãîðüåâ Í.Ä., Ïîïîâ Â.À., Ïîïîâ Þ.Ê. Îò-ðÿä Ñîêîëîîáðàçíûå (äíåâíûå õèùíûå ïòèöû)Falconiformes. – Ïòèöû Âîëæñêî-Êàìñêîãîêðàÿ. Íåâîðîáüèíûå. Ì., «Íàóêà», 1977. 296 ñ.

Êàðÿêèí È.Â. Íîâûå äàííûå î ãíåçäîâàíèèîðëà-êàðëèêà íà Áóãóëüìèíñêî-Áåëåáååâñêîéâîçâûøåííîñòè (â ïå÷àòè).

Êîðåïîâ Ì.Â. Ìàòåðèàëû ïî îðíèòîôàóíåñîêîëîîáðàçíûõ è ñîâîîáðàçíûõ ïòèö «Ùó÷ü-èõ ãîð» (Òàòàðñòàí). – Áåðêóò. 2004. Ñ.183–188. 6

Ìåíçáèð Ì.À. Ïòèöû Ðîññèè. Ò.1. Ò.2. Ì.1895. 1120 ñ.

Ãíåçäî îðëà-êàðëèêà (Hi-eraaetus pennatus) ¹ 1.26.07.2006. Ôîòî Ý. Íè-êîëåíêî

The nest of the BootedEagle (Hieraaetus penna-tus) ¹ 1. 26.07.2006.Photo by E. Nikolenko

Ãíåçäî îðëà-êàðëèêà¹ 2. 25.07.2006. ÔîòîÐ. Áåêìàíñóðîâà

The nest of the BootedEagle ¹ 2. 25.07.2006.Photo by R. Bekmansurov

5 http://ecoclub.nsu.ru/raptors/publicat/hieraaetus_pen/Borodin_karlik.pdf6 http://ecoclub.nsu.ru/raptors/publicat/raptors/Korepov2004b.pdf

Ïòåíöû îðëà-êàðëèêà íà ãíåçäå ¹ 1. 26.07.2006.Ôîòî Ý. Íèêîëåíêî

Chicks of the Booted Eagle in the nest ¹ 1. 26.07.2006.Photo by E. Nikolenko


Â àâãóñòå 2005 ã., â õîäå ýêñïåäèöèè Ñî-þçà îõðàíû ïòèö Ðîññèè íà ïëàòî Óêîê(ðåñïóáëèêà Àëòàé), ãäå â àïðåëå 2005 ã.íà ïëîùàäè 254 òûñ. ãà ñîçäàí íàöèî-íàëüíûé ïàðê, çàðåãèñòðèðîâàíî 62 âèäàïòèö. Èç õèùíûõ ïòèö çàñëóæèâàþò âíè-ìàíèÿ ñëåäóþùèå íàõîäêè âèäîâ, âåðî-ÿòíî, çäåñü ãíåçäÿùèõñÿ: ñòåïíîé ëóíü(Circus macrourus) – 1 ïàðà, ìîõíîíîãèéêóðãàííèê (Buteo hemilasius) – îáû÷íûéâèä, íå ìåíåå 8 ïàð, áåðêóò (Aquilachrysaetos) – íå ìåíåå 2-õ ïàð, ìîãèëü-íèê (Aquila heliaca) – íå ìåíåå 2-õ ïàð,ñòåïíîé îð¸ë (Aquila nipalensis) – íåìåíåå 4-õ ïàð, áàëîáàí (Falco cherrug) –3 ïàðû, ñàïñàí (Falco peregrinus) – 3 îñî-áè, äåðáíèê (Falco columbarius) – 2 îñî-áè, îáûêíîâåííàÿ ïóñòåëüãà (Falcotinnunculus) – 4 ïàðû, ñòåïíàÿ ïóñòåëüãà(Falco naumanni) – íå ìåíåå 12 ïàð. Ïî-âèäèìîìó, ÷èñëåííîñòü ñòåïíîé ïóñòåëü-ãè âûðîñëà ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ äàííûìè Î.Á.Ìèòðîôàíîâà, ïîëó÷åííûìè ïðè èíâåí-òàðèçàöèè ÊÎÒÐ â 2001 ãîäó. Íàìè òàêæåíå áûë îòìå÷åí ÷¸ðíûé ãðèô, íàáëþäàâ-øèéñÿ çäåñü ðàíåå.

Íàèáîëüøóþ òðåâîãó â íàñòîÿùèé ìî-ìåíò âûçûâàåò ïëàíèðóåìîå ñòðîèòåëüñòâîãàçîïðîâîäà ÷åðåç òåððèòîðèþ Óêîêà âÊèòàé, à ïîçäíåå, âîçìîæíî, è àâòîìà-ãèñòðàëè.

During surveys in August, 2005 on the UkokPlateau we noted a pair of Pallid Harriers(Circus macrourus), near 8 pairs of UplandBuzzards (Buteo hemilasius), 2 pairs of Gold-en Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), 2 pairs ofImperial Eagles (Aquila heliaca), near 4 pairsof Steppe Eagles (Aquila nipalensis), 3 pairsof Sakers (Falco cherrug), 3 Peregrine Fal-cons (Falco peregrinus), 2 Merlins (Falco co-lumbarius), 4 pairs of Kestrels (Falco tinnun-culus) and near 12 pairs of Lesser Kestrels(Falco naumanni).

The conservation of the wild nature of theUkok Plateau is endangered by the construc-tion of gasmain which has been plannedthrough the Plateau to China.

Interest�ornithological�notes�on�the�Ukok�Plateau,�the�Altai�Mountains

ИНТЕРЕСНЫЕ�ОРНИТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ�НАХОДКИНА�ПЛАТО�УКОК,�ГОРНЫЙ�АЛТАЙ

Te�D.Е.,�Ignatenko�B.N.�(Russian�Bird�Conservation�Union,�Moscow)

Те�Д.Е.,�И�натен�о�Б.Н.�(Союз�охраны�птиц�России,�Мос�ва)

Êîíòàêò:

Äìèòðèé Òåòåë.: (495) 137 64 [email protected]Áîðèñ Èãíàòåíêîòåë.: (495)499 740 48 [email protected]

Contact:

Dmitriy Tetel.: (495) 137 64 [email protected] Ignatenkotel.: (495)499 740 48 [email protected]

Åâðîïåéñêèé òþâèê (Accipiter brevipes)ðåäêî, íî ðåãóëÿðíî âñòðå÷àåòñÿ â çàïàä-íîé ÷àñòè Ñðåäíåé Àçèè, â ÷àñòíîñòè, âÂîñòî÷íîì Ïðèêàñïèè. Çäåñü íàáëþäàåò-ñÿ âåñåííèé è îñåííèé ïðîë¸ò, íî âîçìîæ-íî, ÷òî ëåòîì çäåñü âñòðå÷àþòñÿ õîëîñòó-þùèå îñîáè.

Íà âåñåííåì ïðîë¸òå åâðîïåéñêèé òþ-âèê äîáûò È.À. Äîëãóøèíûì 12 ìàÿ 1947 ã.

The Levant Sparrowhawk (Accipiter bre-vipes) is rare but regular recorded in thewestern part of the Middle Asia, in particu-lar on the eastern Caspian seaside, whereregistered during spring and autumn migra-tions, but probably not breeding birds stayin summer.

The Levant Sparrowhawk was hunted byI.A. Dolgushin during spring migration in

Records�of�the�Levant�Sparrowhawk�on�the�Mangyshlak�Peninsula

ВСТРЕЧИ�ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО�ТЮВИКА�НА�МАНГЫШЛАКЕ

Mitropolskiy�O.V.�(National�University,�Tashkent,�Uzbekistan)

Митропольс�ий�О.В.�(Национальный�!ниверситет,�Таш�ент,�Узбе�истан)

Áàëîáàí (Falco cherrug). Ôîòî È. Êàðÿêèíà

The Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug).Photo by I. Karyakin


íà Ìàíãûøëàêå â ñàäó ã. Ôîðò-Øåâ÷åíêî,îäíàêî îí áûë îïðåäåë¸í èì êàê ïåðåïå-ëÿòíèê (Äîëãóøèí, 1948), à ïîçæå ïðàâèëü-íî ïåðåîïðåäåë¸í Ì.Í. Êîðåëîâûì(1962). Äâà îäèíî÷íûõ òþâèêà íåîïðåäå-ë¸ííîãî âèäà, íî, ñêîðåå âñåãî, èìåííîåâðîïåéñêèå, íàáëþäàëèñü íà ïîáåðåæüåÊàñïèÿ â 40 êì þæíåå Åðàëèåâî â êîíöåìàÿ 1956 è 1957 ãã. (Ïàâëîâ, Ìîëîäîâñ-êèé, 1962). Ê ýòèì äàòàì ëîæèòñÿ è äîáû-÷à ñàìöà åâðîïåéñêîãî òþâèêà â Äàðãàíà-òå (äîëèíà ñðåäíåé Àìóäàðüè) 25 ìàÿ1941 ã. (Äåìåíòüåâ, 1952).

Ãîäîâàëàÿ ïòèöà äîáûòà íàìè 6 èþíÿ1965 ã. â ñàäó ïîñ¸ëêà Øàèð, â ñåâåðíûõïðåäãîðüÿõ õðåáòà Êàðàòàó. Ñåìåííèêèïòèöû áûëè â ñîñòîÿíèè ïîêîÿ, è îíà âäàííîì ãîäó ÿâíî íå ðàçìíîæàëàñü. Åù¸îäíà ïòèöà íàáëþäàëàñü çäåñü 14 èþëÿ1965 ã., è å¸ ïðåáûâàíèå, âîçìîæíî, èìå-ëî òîò æå ñòàòóñ. Äîáàâèì, ÷òî â ðàéîíåêîëîäöà Êîøàá (þãî-âîñòî÷íåå çàëèâàÊàðà-Áîãàç-Ãîë) ãîäîâàëûé ñàìåö äîáûò 3èþíÿ 1939 ã. (Äåìåíòüåâ, 1952).

Êàê ðàñöåíèâàòü ðàííåëåòíèå âñòðå÷èåâðîïåéñêèõ òþâèêîâ â Âîñòî÷íîì Ïðè-êàñïèè – îêîí÷àíèå ïðîë¸òà èëè çàäåðæ-êó íà ëåòî – íàì ñåé÷àñ íå ÿñíî.

Â ðàéîíå ã. Àòûðàó (Ãóðüåâ) äâà ìîëîäûõ,ÿâíî ïðîë¸òíûõ òþâèêà, äîáûòû Í.À. Ñå-âåðöîâûì â êîíöå àâãóñòà 1860–1862 ãã. (Êîðåëîâ, 1962), íî ñðî-êè îñåííåãî ïðîë¸òà èçâåñòíûìàëî. Â ðàéîíå Ãàññàí-Êóëè (×å-ëàþê) ìîëîäîé ñàìåö äîáûò 13ñåíòÿáðÿ 1941 ã. (Äåìåíòüåâ,1952), íà ñòàíöèè Áàëà-Èøåì îò-ìå÷åí 16 ñåíòÿáðÿ (Çàðóäíûé,1896), à ó Êàçàëèíñêà – 17 ñåí-òÿáðÿ 1908 ã. (Çàðóäíûé, 1915).Îäíîâðåìåííî óêàæåì, ÷òî íà-õîäêà åâðîïåéñêîãî òþâèêà âÞæíûõ Êûçûëêóìàõ (Êàøêàðîâ èäð., 1974) îêàçàëàñü îøèáî÷íîé.Ïðè ïîâòîðíîì èññëåäîâàíèè ýê-çåìïëÿðà èç êîëëåêöèè Èíñòèòó-òà çîîëîãèè ÀÍ ÐÓç îêàçàëîñü,÷òî ýòî ìîëîäîé òóðêåñòàíñêèéòþâèê (Ìèòðîïîëüñêèé è äð.,1987). Äàííûå î äîáû÷å òþâèêàíåîïðåäåë¸ííîãî âèäà â îêòÿá-ðå íà î. Áàðñà-Êåëüìåñ (Èñìàãè-ëîâ, Âàñåíêî, 1950) ìû íå ìî-æåì îòíåñòè ê ðàññìàòðèâàåìîìó âèäó.

Ìîæíî îòìåòèòü, ÷òî ôåíîëîãè÷åñêèåñðîêè ïðåáûâàíèÿ åâðîïåéñêîãî òþâèêà èïåðåïåëÿòíèêà íà Ìàíãûøëàêå íå ñîâïà-äàþò. Òþâèê îòìå÷åí ñ ñåðåäèíû ìàÿ äîàâãóñòà, à ïåðåïåëÿòíèê âåñíîé â àïðåëå-

the 12 May of 1947 on the Mangyshlakpeninsula in a garden of Fort-Shevchenko,was recorded on Caspian seaside in 40 kmto south from Eralievo in the end of Mayof 1956 and 1957 (Pavlov, Molodovskiy,1962). A male one year old was huntednear the Koshab well (to south-east fromthe Kara-Bogaz-Gol bay) in the 3 June of1939 (Dementyev, 1952). I hunted a birdone year old in a garden of Shair villagein the 3 June of 1965. One more bird wasrecorded here in the 14 July of 1965. Twoyoung obviously migrating Levant Spar-rowhawks were hanted by N.A. Severt-sev in the end of August of 1860–1862(Korelov, 1962). A young male was hunt-ed near Gassan Kuli (Chelayuk) in the 13September of 1941 (Dementyev, 1952).A bird was recorded in the Bala-Ishem sta-tion in the 16 September (Zarudniy, 1896),and near Kazarlinsk in the 17 of Septem-ber 1908 too (Zarudniy, 1915).

Thus the Levant Sparrowhawk is enoughregular recorded in the Middle Asia andthe eastern border of home range of thisspecies seemed to be far from known now(probably up to fragment forests of theNorthern Kazakhstan and south of West-ern Siberia). (Fig. 1.)

Êîíòàêò:

Îëåã Âèëüåâè÷Ìèòðîïîëüñêèéïðîôåññîð, äîêòîðáèîë. íàóêÍàöèîíàëüíûéóíèâåðñèòåòÒàøêåíò Óçáåêèñòàí[email protected]

Contact:

Oleg V. MitropolskiyProf., Dr.National UniversityTashkent [email protected]

Ðèñ. 1. Ñîâðåìåííûé àðåàë òþâèêà (Accipiter brevipes). 1 – ãðà-íèöû ãîñóäàðñòâ, 2 – ìîðÿ, 3 – ãíåçäîâîé àðåàë

Fig.1. Modern breeding range of the Levant Sparrowhawk (Accip-iter brevipes). 1 – state borders, 2 – sea, 3 – breeding range.

íà÷àëå ìàÿ, îñåíüþ ñ ñåíòÿáðÿ äî íà÷àëàäåêàáðÿ. Ïèêè ïðîë¸òà ïåðåïåëÿòíèêà:âåñíîé – àïðåëü, îñåíüþ – îêòÿáðü.

Òàêèì îáðàçîì, åâðîïåéñêèé òþâèê äîñ-òàòî÷íî ðåãóëÿðíî íàáëþäàåòñÿ â ÑðåäíåéÀçèè, íî, â ñâÿçè ñ òðóäíîñòüþ âèçóàëüíî-


Ñîâðåìåííûå ãíåçäîâûå íàõîäêè åâðîïåé-ñêîãî òþâèêà (Accipiter brevipes) â Çàïàä-íîì Êàçàõñòàíå îãðàíè÷åíû ïîéìåííûìèëåñàìè Óðàëà è Ýìáû. Â ïðîøëîì òþâèêèýïèçîäè÷åñêè ðåãèñòðèðîâàëèñü â ìàå íàÌàíãûøëàêå (Ìèòðîïîëüñêèé, íàñò. ñá.). Âñîâðåìåííûé ïåðèîä òþâèê íàáëþäàëñÿ íàïðèìîðñêîì ÷èíêå ïîëóîñòðîâà Ìàíãûø-ëàê 26 àïðåëÿ 2004 ã. (Ëåâèí, Êàðÿêèí,2005), ò.å. çíà÷èòåëüíî ðàíüøå èçâåñò-íûõ äî íàñòîÿùåãî âðåìåíè ñðîêîâ ïðå-áûâàíèÿ ýòîãî âèäà íà Ìàíãûøëàêå. Âèþíå 2003 ã. òþâèê âñòðå÷åí â Ïðèìó-ãîäæàðüå â ëåñó Óðêà÷ (Êîâøàðü, Äàâûãî-ðà, 2004). Î.Â. Ìèòðîïîëüñêèé (íàñò. ñá.)ïðåäïîëîæèë, ÷òî ãíåçäîâîé àðåàë òþâè-êà ïðîñòèðàåòñÿ ñóùåñòâåííî äàëüøå íàâîñòîê, ÷åì ýòî ïðèíÿòî ñ÷èòàòü, îäíàêî,äî ïîñëåäíåãî âðåìåíè äîêàçàòåëüñòâ ýòî-ìó íå áûëî.

Â 2006 ã. â õîäå ýêñïåäèöèè ïî òåððè-òîðèè Çàïàäíîãî Êàçàõñòàíà òþâèê áûë

The Levant Sparrowhawk (Accipiter bre-vipes) has been found in pine forests of theBolshye Barsuki Sands (N 47.80° E 59.70°)and in deciduous island forests of the Mu-godzhary Mountains during the expeditionon the territory of Western Kazakhstan.

We found 4 breeding territories of the Le-vant Sparrowhawk on the area of 28.16 km2

in the Bolshye Barsuki Sands near theChelkar town in the 14 of May, 2006. Pairsof birds (one pair was near the nest) weresurveyed on 2 territories, and males withpreys were observed on another 2 territo-ries. The distance between breeding terri-tories averages 1.53±0.45 km (n=3; 1.1 –2.0 km) This breeding population seems toform recently and is estimated to breed nomore than 10–15 pairs.

A part of the Mugodzhary Mountains(304.98 km2) in the distance 13 km to north-east from the railway station Mugodzharskayawas surveyed in 16–19 May, 2006. We found

New�records�of�the�Levant�Sparrowhawk�in�Western�Kazakhstan

НОВЫЕ�НАХОДКИ�ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО�ТЮВИКА�В�ЗАПАДНОМКАЗАХСТАНЕ

Karyakin�I.V.�(Center�for�Field�Studies,�N.Novgorod,�Russia)

Kovalenko�A.V.�(Institute�of�ecological�researches,�Almaty,�Kazakhstan)

Novikova�L.M.�(State�Nature�Reserve�«Kerzhensky»,�N.Novgorod,�Russia)

Каря�ин�И.В.�(Центр�полевых�исследований,�Россия,�Н.Нов�ород)

Ковален�о�А.В.�(Инстит!т�э�оло�ичес�их�исследований,�Казахстан,�Алматы)

Нови�ова�Л.М.�(Керженс�ий�заповедни�,�Россия,�Н.Нов�ород)

Êîíòàêò:

Èãîðü ÊàðÿêèíÖåíòð ïîëåâûõèññëåäîâàíèé603000 ÐîññèÿÍèæíèé Íîâãîðîäóë. Êîðîëåíêî, 17a-17òåë.: (8312) 33 38 [email protected]

Àíäðåé ÊîâàëåíêîÈíñòèòóò ýêîëîãè÷åñ-êèõ èññëåäîâàíèé405030 ÀëìàòûÊàçàõñòàí[email protected]

Ëþäìèëà ÍîâèêîâàÇàïîâåäíèê«Êåðæåíñêèé»603134 ÐîññèÿÍèæíèé Íîâãîðîäóë. Êîñòèíà, 2-162òåë.: (8312) 34 08 [email protected]

ãî îïðåäåëåíèÿ, áîëüøèíñòâîì íàáëþäàòå-ëåé íå èäåíòèôèöèðóåòñÿ. Âñòðå÷è ïðîë¸ò-íûõ ïòèö â äîëèíå ðåê Ñûðäàðüè (Êàçà-ëèíñê) è Àìóäàðüè (Äàðãàíàòà) ïîçâîëÿþòïðåäïîëîæèòü, ÷òî âîñòî÷íàÿ ãðàíèöà ãíåç-äîâîãî àðåàëà ýòîãî âèäà, âèäèìî, ïðîñòè-ðàåòñÿ ñóùåñòâåííî äàëüøå èçâåñòíîãî ñåé-÷àñ ãíåçäîâàíèÿ â äîëèíå ð. Óðàë,âîçìîæíî, âïëîòü äî îñòðîâíûõ ëåñîâ Ñå-âåðíîãî Êàçàõñòàíà è þãà Çàïàäíîé Ñèáè-ðè. (Ðèñ. 1.)


Äåìåíòüåâ Ã.Ï. Ïòèöû Òóðêìåíèñòàíà. Àøõà-áàä. 1952. 546 ñ.

Äîëãóøèí È.À. Î ôàóíå ïòèö ïîëóîñòðîâàÌàíãûøëàê. – Èçâåñòèÿ ÀÍ Êàçàõñêîé ÑÑÐ.Àëìà-Àòà. ¹ 63. Ñåð. çîîëîãè÷åñêàÿ. Âûï.8.1948. Ñ. 131–160.

Çàðóäíûé Í.À. Îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêàÿ ôàóíà Çà-êàñïèéñêîãî êðàÿ. – Ìàòåðèàëû ê ïîçíàíèþ

ôàóíû è ôëîðû Ðîññ. Èìïåðèè. Îòä. çîîë.Âûï.2. 1896. Ñ. 1–555.

Çàðóäíûé Í.À. Êðàòêèé î÷åðê îõîòíè÷üåãîïðîìûñëà â Ñûð-Äàðüèíñêîé îáëàñòè. – Òóðêå-ñòàíñêîå ñåëüñêîå õîçÿéñòâî. ¹ 7. 1915.Ñ. 668–676.

Èñìàãèëîâ Ì.È., Âàñåíêî Å.Ï. Ïòèöû îñòðîâàÁàðñà-Êåëüìåñ. – Òð. ãîñ. çàïîâåäíèêà Áàðñà-Êåëüìåñ. Àëìà-Àòà. Âûï. 1. 1950. Ñ. 116–135.

Êàøêàðîâ Ä.Þ., Îñòàïåíêî Ì.Ì., Òðåòüÿêîâ

Ã.Ï. Äîïîëíåíèÿ ê ñïèñêó ïòèö Êûçûëêóìîâ –Ýêîëîãèÿ è ìîðôîëîãèÿ æèâîòíûõ. Ñàìàðêàíä.1974. Ñ. 84–94.

Êîðåëîâ Ì.Í. Îòðÿä õèùíûå ïòèöûFalconiformes. – Ïòèöû Êàçàõñòàíà. Àëìà-Àòà.Ò. 2. 1962. Ñ. 488–707.

Ìèòðîïîëüñêèé Î.Â., Ôîòòåëåð Ý.Ð., Òðåòüÿ-

êîâ Ã.Ï. Îòðÿä ñîêîëîîáðàçíûå Falconiformes

– Ïòèöû Óçáåêèñòàíà. Òàøêåíò. Ò. 1. 1987.Ñ. 123–246.

Ïàâëîâ À.Í., Ìîëîäîâñêèé À.Â. Î õèùíûõïòèöàõ Ìàíãûøëàêà è èõ ÷èñëåííîñòè – Çîîë.æóðíàë. Ò. 41. Âûï. 6. 1962. Ñ. 951–954.


îáíàðóæåí â ñîñíîâûõ ëåñàõ â ïåñêàõ Áîë.Áàðñóêè (N 47,80° E 59,70°) è â ëèñòâåí-íûõ êîëêîâûõ ëåñàõ Ìóãîäæàð (N 48,64°E 58,68°).

Â õîäå îáñëåäîâàíèÿ ñîñíÿêîâ â ïåñêàõÁîë. Áàðñóêè áëèç ï. ×åëêàð 14 ìàÿ íàïëîùàäè 28,16 êì2 áûëè âûÿâëåíû 4 ãíåç-äîâûõ ó÷àñòêà òþâèêîâ. Íà ïåðâîì ó÷à-ñòêå íàáëþäàëàñü ïàðà ïòèö, â êîòîðîéñàìåö êîðìèë ñàìêó ïðèíåñ¸í-íîé ÿùåðèöåé. Íà âòîðîì ó÷à-ñòêå áûëî îáíàðóæåíî ãíåçäîòþâèêîâ, ðàñïîëàãàâøååñÿ â ñî-ñíîâîì êîëêå â ïîíèæåíèèìåæäó áàðõàíàìè íà 10-òè ìåò-ðîâîé ñîñíå â öåíòðå êîëêà.Ïîñòðîéêà áûëà óñòðîåíà íàáîêîâûõ âåòâÿõ ó ñòâîëà íà âû-ñîòå 4 ì è îðèåíòèðîâàíà íàþãî-âîñòîê. Ïàðà òþâèêîâ ñèäå-ëà áëèç ãíåçäà. Ëîòîê ãíåçäà áûëâûëîæåí ñâåæèìè ëèñòüÿìè òî-ïîëÿ, îäíàêî êëàäêè åù¸ íåáûëî. Íà äâóõ äðóãèõ ó÷àñòêàõíàáëþäàëèñü ñàìöû ñ äîáû÷åé.Ðàññòîÿíèå ìåæäó ó÷àñòêàìè ñî-ñòàâëÿåò 2,66 – 3,53 êì, â ñðåä-íåì (n=4) 3,0±0,42 êì. Ó÷èòû-âàÿ ìàëóþ ïëîùàäü ñîñíÿêîâ èèõ èñêóññòâåííîå ïðîèñõîæäå-íèå, ìîæíî ïðåäïîëàãàòü, ÷òîäàííàÿ ãíåçäîâàÿ ãðóïïèðîâêàòþâèêîâ ñôîðìèðîâàëàñü íå òàêäàâíî, è å¸ ÷èñëåííîñòü íå ïðå-âûøàåò 10–15 ïàð.

Â Ìóãîäàæàðàõ 16–19 ìàÿ íàìè áûë îá-ñëåäîâàí ó÷àñòîê ìåëêîñîïî÷íèêà ïëîùà-äüþ 304,98 êì2 â 13 êì ñåâåðî-âîñòî÷íååñò. Ìóãîäæàðñêàÿ. Îñìîòðåíî äîâîëüíîìíîãî ëåñîíàñàæäåíèé ïî äîëèíàì ðåêØîëäàê è Àóëüÿ, à òàêæå èõ ïðèòîêàì, íîâûÿâëåíî âñåãî 4 ãíåçäîâûõ ó÷àñòêà òþâè-êîâ â äîëèíå ðåêè Àóëüÿ. Ó÷àñòêè áûëè ñî-ñðåäîòî÷åíû â ïîéìåííîì îñèííèêå â 2,5 êìâûøå ï. Ìàÿê è ðàñïîëàãàëèñü â 1,1 – 2,0 êì,â ñðåäíåì (n=3) 1,53±0,45 êì äðóã îòäðóãà. Íà 2-õ ó÷àñòêàõ íàáëþäàëèñü ñàì-öû, ïðèíîñèâøèå äîáû÷ó (ïðåèìóùå-ñòâåííî ÿùåðèö) ñàìêàì, äåðæàùèìñÿ óãí¸çä, îäíàêî êëàäîê åù¸ íå áûëî. Ìîæ-íî ïðåäïîëàãàòü ãíåçäîâàíèå òþâèêà åù¸â 2-õ áàéðà÷íûõ ìàññèâàõ â ÇàïàäíûõÌóãîäæàðàõ, íî îíè íàìè íå îáñëåäî-âàëèñü. Âèäèìî, ÷èñëåííîñòü ãíåçäîâîéãðóïïèðîâêè òþâèêà â Ìóãîäæàðàõ òàê-æå íåâåëèêà è íå ïðåâûøàåò 20 ïàð. Ñëå-äóåò îòìåòèòü, ÷òî íà äàííîé òåððèòîðèèâ ëåñàõ â âåðõîâüÿõ ðå÷åê ãíåçäèòñÿ òàê-æå ïåðåïåëÿòíèê. Æèëîå ãíåçäî ïåðåïå-

ëÿòíèêà íàìè áûëî îáíàðóæåíî 20 ìàÿè ñîäåðæàëî íåïîëíóþ êëàäêó èç 2-õ ÿèö.Â Öåíòðàëüíûõ Ìóãîäæàðàõ ïåðåïåëÿò-íèêà òàêæå íàáëþäàëè À.Ô. Êîâøàðü èÀ.Â. Äàâûãîðà (2004). Âèäèìî ïåðåïå-ëÿòíèê êîíêóðèðóåò ñ òþâèêîì çà ìåñòàãíåçäîâàíèÿ è ýòèì âûçâàíî îòñóòñòâèåïîñëåäíåãî â ìàëûõ ïî ïëîùàäè ëåñàõÂîñòî÷íûõ è Öåíòðàëüíûõ Ìóãîäæàð èêîíöåíòðèðîâàííîå ãíåçäîâàíèå â áîëååêðóïíûõ ïî ïëîùàäè ëåñàõ Çàïàäíûõ Ìó-ãîäæàð. (Ðèñ. 1.)


Êîâøàðü À.Ô., Äàâûãîðà À.Â. Ðåçóëüòàòû ðîñ-ñèéñêî-êàçàõñòàíñêîé ýêñïåäèöèè â Ìóãîäæà-ðû è âåðõíþþ ÷àñòü áàññåéíà Ýìáû. – Êàçàõ-ñòàíñêèé îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêèé áþëëåòåíü 2003.Àëìàòû: «Tethys», 2004. Ñ. 32–34.

Ëåâèí À.Ñ., Êàðÿêèí È.Â. Ðåçóëüòàòû ýêñïå-äèöèè íà Óñòþðò è Ìàíãûøëàê â 2004 ã. – Êà-çàõñòàíñêèé îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêèé áþëëåòåíü

2004. Àëìàòû: «Tethys», 2005. Ñ. 14–19.

Ðèñ. 1. Ìåñòà ðåãèñòðàöèè åâðîïåéñêîãî òþâèêà (Accipiterbrevipes) â Çàïàäíîì Êàçàõñòàíå â 2006 ã.

Fig. 1. Places of registration of Levant Sparrowhawk (Accipiterbrevipes) in Western Kazakhstan in 2006

Contact:

Igor KaryakinCenter of Field StudiesKorolenko str., 17a-17Nizhniy Novgorod603000 Russiatel.: (8312) 33 38 [email protected]

Andrey KovalenkoInstitute of ecologicalresearches,405030 [email protected]

Ludmila NovikovaState Nature Reserve«Kerzhensky»Kostina str., 2-162Nizhniy Novgorod603134 Russiatel.: (8312) 34 08 [email protected]

4 breeding territories of the Levant Sparrow-hawk on the Aulya river. The distance betweenbreeding territories averages 1.53±0.45 km(n=3; 1.1 – 2.0 km). Males bringing preys tofemales on nests were observed howeverclutches had been absent yet. A number ofthe breeding population seems to be alsono large and is estimated to breed no morethan 20 pairs. (Fig. 1.)

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