shoreline stabilization: hard armoring · shoreline stabilization: hard armoring reservoir habitat...
TRANSCRIPT
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Shoreline Stabilization: Hard Armoring
Reservoir Habitat Restoration Workshop
October 5, 2019 Kansas City, KS
Jeremy ShifletKentucky Department Fish and
Wildlife Resources
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Hard Armor Techniques
• Bulkheads
• Offshore Breakwaters
• Revetments
• Toe Caps
• Groynes
• Stone Framed Deflectors
• Sills, stone gabions, others…
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Bulkheads
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Bulkheads/Seawalls
Advantages
• Stops erosion
• Long lifespan if installed correctly
• Provides good access
Disadvantages
• Expensive
• Labor intensive
• Little fish habitat value
• Aesthetics??
• Weakens with age
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Offshore Breakwaters
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Offshore Breakwaters
Advantages
• Disperse wave energy
• Long lifespan
• Good fish/wildlife habitat value
Disadvantages
• Expensive
• Potentially labor intensive
• Slope limited
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Offshore Breakwaters
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Revetments
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Revetments
Advantages
• Highly adaptable
• Low tech
• Easily maintained
• Average fish habitat value
Disadvantages
• Wide footprint
• Potentially expensive
• Access issues
• Aesthetics
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Revetments
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Revetments
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Toe Capping
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Toe Caps
Advantages
• Fills a specific niche
• Minimally invasive
• Easily constructed
• Long lifespan
• Average fish habitat value
• Aesthetics
Disadvantages
• $ → $$$$ to construct
• Distinct limitations
• Specialized contractors
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Longitudinal Peak Stone Toe
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Longitudinal Peak Stone Toe
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Groynes (jetties)
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Groynes (jetties)
Advantages
• Control lateral drift
• Low tech
• Easily maintained
• Good fish habitat value
• Good fishing access
Disadvantages
• Moderate cost
• Potential access issues
• Fill material??
• Aesthetics??
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Groynes (jetties)
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Geotubes:temporary storage
orpermanent habitat…
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Stone Deflectors
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Stone Deflectors
Advantages
• Slows/stops erosion
• Highly adaptable
• Low tech
• Great fish habitat value
• Good fishing access
Disadvantages
• Moderate/high cost
• Potential access issues
• Requires wider footprint
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Stone Deflectors
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Stone Deflectors
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Biotechnical Approach• Combines structural materials and plants
• Provides improved erosion control in dynamic environments
Advantages
• Highly adaptable
• Grows stronger with age
• Good fish/wildlife habitat value
• Aesthetics
Disadvantages
• Moderate to high costs
• Extensive planning
• High monitoring and maintenance
• Poor shoreline access
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Biotechnical Approaches
• Vegetated geogrids
• Vegetated gabions
• Joint planting
• Geocells
• Cellular block systems
• Concrete block mats
• Others…
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Where to begin…
• Determine what is causing the erosion
– Water level fluctuation, boating, wind, water current, ice heave, etc.
• Determine project goal(s)
• Use existing knowledge/resources to choose a technique(s)
– Annual water regime, access, erosive force, goals, technical specialists, soils, budget, grant/partnership opportunities, etc.
• Ensure proper installation/follow-up
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Things to consider
• Root of problem
• Project goal(s)
• Access
• Cost
• Longevity
• Maintenance
• Aesthetics
• Habitat value
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Questions
Mark Porath, [email protected] Nygren, [email protected] Page, [email protected] Boxrucker, [email protected] Shiflet, [email protected] Dodd, [email protected]
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Questions…
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Resources
• Miranda, L.E. 2017. Reservoir fish habitat management. Lightning Press, Totowa, New Jersey. 306 pp.
• Guidelines for Streambank Stabilization. Revised 2000. Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission.
• Tuttle, R.W. and R.D. Wenberg. 1996. Streambank and Shoreline Protection in USDA NRCS Engineering Field Handbook, Ch. 16. U.S. Department of Agriculture.
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Hard Armor
Reinforced Vegetation
Natural Vegetation
Steeper slopes, higher shear stress and velocities
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Questions
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Longitudinal Stone Toe
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