Shop Safety

Unit 4

Shop Safety• Does my safety affect the

people I work with?

– View Safety Commercials from www.prevent-it.ca

Shop Safety

Shop Safety

Shop Safety• Safety is the responsibility of

– EVERYONE!

• Who is responsible for your safety?– YOU!

• 100% Safe, 100% of the time– (100% on the safety test)

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules - General

• Conduct yourself in a manner conducive to safe shop practices– No horse playing– Never climb on shelves– Stay on task/ in assigned groups– Never sit on tables

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Equip.

• Do not use any equipment until trained

• Only one person at a time• Never walk away from equipment• Keep hands from moving parts

– Nip Points– Never wear gloves when CLEANING press

Shop Safety

Nip PointPoint where two rotating mechanisms come together.

Shop Safety

Rotating Mechanisms

Shop Safety

Rotating Mechanisms4 Types in the Graphic Communications Industry

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Equip.

• Use correct tool to do job• Put all tools away when

job complete• Never remove any safety

guard• Make sure all guards are

in place before operation

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Cutter

• Never cut anything but paper

• Never check blade with finger

• Only one person operating cutter at a time:– NO ONE inside the “box”

other than operator

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Paper Drill

• Never drill anything but paper

• Never touch drill bit with finger

• Don’t put hand under clamp

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Folder

• Do not put your hands anywhere near the rollers

• Do not sit on the folder table for ANY reason!

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Personal

• Tuck in loose clothing, roll up sleeves

• Remove any loose fitting jewelry

• Pull long hair up before operating machinery

• Wash hands frequently

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Housekeeping

• Clean ALL work areas – EVERYONE!

• Throw all trash away• Put oily/inky rags in

appropriate container• Put all materials away• Never wear gloves while

cleaning press

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules – Press Area

• Make sure all debris is clear from rollers before starting the press

• Only 1 person should operate the press at a time

• Make sure all safety guards are down and in place before operation

• Never unplug the press for any reason

Shop Safety

Shop Safety Rules• Keep all materials stored in

proper location• Keep all chemical stored in

proper container• Report ALL unsafe conditions IMMEDIATELY!

Shop Safety

OSHA• Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (Act)• Part of federal government that

governs workplace safety– Protects the worker

• OSHA Web site for Young Workers– http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/teenworkers/index.html

Shop Safety

EPA• Environmental Protection Agency

(Act)• Part of the federal government

that governs environmental impact– Protects the environment

Shop Safety

Lockout/Tagout• Standard established by

OSHA• Purpose – prevent injury

while repairing, maintaining, inspecting, etc machinery

• Controls all energy sources (electricity) used, stored or produced by equipment.

Shop Safety

Lockout/Tagout• Uses two items:

– Lock (key or combination type) to Lockout the energy source.• i.e. – Lock on the circuit breaker or on

switch– Tag with name and date on it to

identify who has locked out the machine• Tag can ONLY be removed by the

person who Tagged out the equipment

Shop Safety

PPE• Personal Protective Equipment

– Protects you from risk of injury by creating a barrier between you and the hazard

• Use is not a substitute for safe work practices

Shop Safety

PPE• Employers must make sure you

have PPE• YOU must

– Be trained in using PPE– Make sure PPE fits you– Use it correctly

Shop Safety

PPE• Eye Protection

– Safety Glasses – Face Shields

– Protects against • Impact (flying objects)• Chemicals• Dust

Shop Safety

PPE• Steel-toed shoes

– Protects against:• Falling or rolling objects• Sharp objects

– Safety shoes should be sturdy and have an impact-resistant toe.

Shop Safety

PPE• Aprons

– Protects from Chemicals

– Protects from inks

Shop Safety

PPE• Protective gloves

– Ensure gloves are designed to protect from the hazard

– Ensure the gloves fit– Inspect your gloves

NEVER wear gloves when cleaning the press!

Shop Safety

PPE• Hearing Protection

– Decibel – Unit of measure that is used to measure sound

– Abbreviated as dB – 90 dB in 8-hour work day

Shop Safety

PPE• Hearing Protection

– Ear Plugs– Ear Muffs– Or Both!

• iPod/mp3/radio headphones DO NOT COUNT!!!!

• Hearing Loss tends to be a slow loss! PROTECT IT!

Shop Safety

PPE - Summary• Be sure you are trained BEFORE

using your PPE• Choose the right PPE for the job• Make sure the PPE fits you

properly• Inspect your PPE and make sure

it is in good condition• Discard any PPE that is not safe

Shop Safety

First Aid• First, and temporary, aid given to

an injured person– Remove all energy sources – turn

off the power– Administer 1st aid– Remain calm

• Report ALL accidents to your supervisor no matter how minor!

Shop Safety

Bloodborne Pathogens• Disease-causing microorganisms

carried in blood or other bodily fluids– HIV/Aids– Hepatitis B

Shop Safety

Bloodborne Pathogens• Who is at Risk?• Know how they can affect you• Know how you can become

infected• Know how to protect yourself

Shop Safety

Bloodborne Pathogens• Treat all body fluids as being

infectious• Following safe work and personal

practices• Wear appropriate PPE

– Put a barrier between you and the injured person

– Leather gloves will not work

Shop Safety

HazCom• Hazard Communication Standard

– AKA: “The Right-to-Know”• Right to know about the

hazardous chemicals in your workplace

• The best rule of chemical safety is:– “Know what you are working with

and how to protect yourself and others.”

Shop Safety

HazCom• There are 2 basic types of

chemical hazards– Physical Hazards– Health Hazards

Shop Safety

HazCom• Physical Hazards - The physical

properties of the chemical render it hazardous– Explosive– Compressed gas– Combustible– Flammable– Unstable– Water reactive– Oxidizers

Shop Safety

HazCom• Exposure to hazardous chemicals

may cause or contribute to a wide range of health concerns including:– Heart problems– Kidney disease – Lung disease– Cancer– Sterility– Burns– Rashes

Shop Safety

HazCom• Chemicals can enter your body in

many different ways. The primary routes of entry are: – Inhalation– Ingestion– Absorption– Injection

Shop Safety

HazCom• Exposure to hazardous chemicals

may be either:

• Acute – brief exposure

• Chronic – repeated or prolonged

Shop Safety

HazCom• The written HazCom program

must, at a minimum, include:– A list of all hazardous chemicals

known to be in the workplace– A Material Safety Data Sheet

(MSDS) and label for each hazardous chemical

– A training plan to communicate hazard information to employees

Shop Safety

HazCom• Warning labels can grab your

attention with words like:

• “Danger”

• “Warning”

• “Caution”

Shop Safety

HazCom• The identity of the chemicals• The appropriate hazard warnings • The name and address of the

manufacturer or other responsible party

Shop Safety

HazCom• Color Codes• Number Codes

HEALTH

FLAMMABILITY

REACTIVITYSPECIAL

Chemical Name

Shop Safety

HazComThe color codes represents the

following information:

• Blue = Health • Red = Flammability• Yellow = Reactivity• White = Special hazard

information and special protective

information

Shop Safety

HazCom• Number Codes:

– 0 to 4– The higher the number the more

hazardous the chemical• 4 = Small exposure could cause

death• 3 = Small exposure could cause

injury• 2 = Intense or chronic exposure

could cause injury• 1 = Exposure could cause irritation• 0 = No Hazard

Shop Safety

Safety Color Codes• Green – Location of Safety and 1st

Aid Equipment

Shop Safety

Safety Color Codes• Yellow – Caution and marks

physical hazards– Operating Handles– Waste Containers for Combustible

materials– Areas with tripping hazards

Shop Safety

Safety Color Codes• Orange – Parts of Equipment

which may cut, crush, shock or otherwise injure– Electrical Switches– Fuses– Power Boxes– Movable Guards

Shop Safety

Safety Color Codes• Red – Location of

firefighting equipment– Emergency fire exits– Fire extinguishers– Emergency Stop Switches– Portable containers of

flammable liquids

Shop Safety

Fire Safety

Shop Safety

Fire Safety• Classes of Fires

– A – Ordinary Combustible Material• Wood, paper, fabric

– B – Flammable Liquids and Gases• Solvents, oil, gases

– C – Electrical Equipment– D – Flammable Metals

Shop Safety

Fire Safety• Extinguishing Classes of Fires

– A – Use Water, Make sure embers are cold – if not, they can reignite

– B – Smother, DO NOT use water

– C – Remove source of electricity, DO NOT use water

Shop Safety

Fire Safety• When using Fire Extinguishers

follow these steps:

• P – Pull the pin• A – Aim the nozzle• S – Squeeze the handle• S – Sweep from side to side

Shop Safety

Ergonomics • Ergonomics is the applied

science of coordinating devices, environments, tasks, or procedures to fit the individual worker.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics• Injury can be caused

by:–Awkward

• Posture• Bending • Twisting• Working with your

hands above your head or your elbows above your shoulders.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics• Injury can be caused by:

– Repetitive Movements• Some jobs may require you to perform

the same movements over and over again.

• Repetitive movements can irritate your tendons and increase pressure on your nerves.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics• Injury can be caused by:

– Force (amount of muscular effort used to perform work)

Exerting large amounts of force can result in fatigue and physical damage to your body.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics• Injury can be caused by:

– Contact Stress • Internally occurs when a tendon, nerve or

blood vessel is stretched or bent around a bone or tendon.

• Externally occurs when a part of your body rubs against a sharp or hard object such as the edge of a desk or table.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics• Injury can be

caused by:– Vibration

• Excessive vibration can decrease blood flow, damage nerves, and contribute to muscle fatigue.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics – Personal Risk Factors

• Physical condition• Psychological stressors• Gender• Age• Body size• Medical condition

Shop Safety

Ergonomics - Safe Lifting

• The most common work-related medical problem is lower back pain.– This is often a result of poor

lifting techniques.– Think before you lift!

• Test the load and ask yourself – “Can I lift it safely?” If not, get help!

• Make sure there is nothing in your path that could cause you to fall.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics - Safe Lifting

• Squat to bend at the knees

• Keep your head up • Get a good grip with

both hands and hold it close to the body.

• Lift smoothly using your legs –not your back.

• Turn with your feet, don’t twist your back.

Shop Safety

Ergonomics• What can you do?

– Adjust your tasks or environment to fit you

– Reduce risk factors– Avoid unnecessary

movements– Always practice safe

lifting– Use the tools that are

right for you– Perform light stretching

and other exercises before and during work