shin ichi furukawa
DESCRIPTION
FTTH Conference 2013 Workshop StandardizationTRANSCRIPT
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 20131
Standardization and Research Activities of FTTH/FITH in OITDA
(Optoelectronics Industry and Technology Development Association)
Toshihiko Sekiguchi *Tomoyuki Miyamato **
Takeo Masuda **Shin-ichi Furukawa ***
* NTT, ** OITDA, ***Yazaki Co.
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 20132
Contents
1. Introduction of OITDA2. Standardization Activities in OITDA3. Broadband Statistics4. Introduction to OITDA Technical Paper5. Installation Techniques 6. Conclusion
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・JIS ・ISO/IEC・OITDA Standards
Introduction of OITDA(Optoelectronics Industry and Technology Development Association)
Mission:
Fund: JPY 400 million
Budget in FY2011: JPY 288 million(ca. USD 3.8 million)
Establishment: July 25, 1980 Board member companies: 12
Supporting members: ca.100
Standardization members: ca.40
・OE Technology Roadmaps & Trends
・OE Industry Trends
・R&D Project ・Supporting
Businesses
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Optical fiber S.C.
Optical connector S.C.
T-project special C.
Optical passive devices S.C.
Optical active devices S.C.
Fiber-optics S.C.
Administrative advisory C.
Dynamic module C.
Intra-building optical wiring C.
Optical amplifier S.C.
JNB/ISO/TC 172/SC 9
Optical disk S.C.
Media experts C.Application experts C.
Format experts. C.
JNC/TC76 laser safety S.C.
V-project special C.
Fiber laser C.
Optical measuring instrument S.C.
Optical subsystem S.C.Fiber-optics systems
Laser systems
Optical disk systems
Standardization general committee
Standardization technical committee
Composition of OITDA
Standardization Committees
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Cooperation with International Standardization
FO: Fiber OpticsSTC: Standardization CommitteeSC: Sub-Committee
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Broadband Service Subscribers in Japan
* Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (19.12.2012)http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000192227.pdf
■FTTH subscriber number has grown constantly■23.2 million at end of September 2012
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OECD Broadband Statistics
* The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (18.07.2012)http://www.oecd.org/internet/broadbandandtelecom/oecdbroadbandportal.htm
■Fixed broadband subscription is over 20 million in U.S., Japan, Germany, France and U.K..■Japan has highest fiber connection percentage.
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 20138
OITDA Activity in FTTH/FITH
■Objective: Promotion of optical fiber distribution to/in detached houses and apartment houses.
■Sub-committee Establishment:“Intra- Building Optical Wiring SC” established April 1996Role; 1) Research of latest technology
2) Standardization of technology by publishing technical papers (TP)
■TP publication:Three TPs published since August, 2007 (now third edition)TP01/BW-2011; Optical Fiber Distribution System for Detached Houses in FTTHTP02/BW-2011; Optical Fiber Distribution System for Apartment Houses in FTTHTP03/BW-2012; Plastic Optical Fiber Distribution System for Customer Premises
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 20139
Scope Covered by TP01 & TP021. Introduction of silica glass optical fibers in detached houses and apartment houses and their connection to generic cabling boxes.2. Guidelines for installation, maintenance, management, and performance standard of their parts and materials regarding optical fiber distribution systems.
ONU
Optical fiber cable
Optical fiber cable
Aerial closure NTTビル
Underground closure
Manhole Self HH
PD
PT
ONU
光コンセント
Hand hole
Hand hole
Scope covered by TP1
Scope covered by TP1
PD
PT
ONU
ONU
Introduction into apartment house (aerial)
Introduction into detached house (aerial)
Introduction into apartment house (underground)
Optical cabinet or direct introduction
Optical outlet
Optical cabinet or direct introduction
Optical outlet
Introduction into detached house (underground)
Vertical introduction conduit
Class I telecommunication service provider
Facility of telecommunication
service provider
Scope covered by TP2
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201310
Aerial Introduction into Detached Houses using Optical Drop Cable
Example 2; Without optical cabinet (= direct introduction of optical drop cable)
Example 1; With optical cabinet on external wall to protect connection between drop and indoor cable
Optical drop fiber cable
Cable protection cover
Optical cabling cleat
Optical drop fiber cable
dead-end hook
Optical cabinet
C type hook
Protection cover for
through hole
Indoor optical fiber
cable
Optical drop fiber cable
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201311
Types of In-house Optical Cabling Methods1. Cabling using conduits; In a newly-built house, in-house conduits are installed in the internal wall. 2. Exposed cabling; For an already-built house, an optical cable is wired along the internal wall. Three methods are used: “Exposed cabling using optical staples”, “Cabling with cable protector”, or “Free cabling“.
“Free cabling”“Cabling with cable protector”2) Exposed cabling
Example of in-house optical cabling using optical outlet installed on internal wall
Examples of flexible Combined Duct (CD)
“Cabling using optical staples”
1) Cabling using conduit
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Optical Fiber Cable for Detached Houses■Two types of optical fiber cables are used for FTTH in detached houses. 1. Optical drop fiber cable is used to introduce line into the house.2. Indoor optical fiber cable for in-house distribution.■Silica glass single-mode (SM) optical fibers.■Optical fiber with a low bending loss has recently been used to halve the permissible bending radius to 15 mm.
2) Indoor optical fiber cable1) Optical drop fiber cable
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201313
New Indoor Optical Cable for Restricted Spaces
■New indoor optical fiber cables for wiring through spaces around doors or windows for existing condominiums or small apartments are developed by NTT. ■Excellent installation workability has been achieved due to the good bending loss performance and optimum cable configuration. ■The new cable can be drawn into dwellings without creating a hole in the wall.
2) Indoor optical fiber cables for restricted spaces
* K. Kuramoto, H. Minami, M. Ida, T. Shimizu, A. Daido, Y. Aoyagi, and K. Takamizawa, “Flexible Optical Wiring Technology for Existing Buildings,” Proc. IWCS’12, 2012.
FRP: Fiber Reinforced Plastic HAF: single mode Hole Assisted Fiber(Bending loss is smaller than G.657)
1) Results of door space investigation
Polyethylene
Iron wire
HAFFRP
【for Door】
【for Window sash】
HAFFRP
PolyethyleneIron wire
Circle radius
Door
Wall
Restricted spaceOptical cable
Circle radius
Restricted space
Bending angle
about 2 mm
2 ~ 3 mm
90 degrees
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Cabling and Connection /Maintenance and Management
■Generally, a telecommunication service provider is responsible for the outdoor cabling of optical drop fiber cable and the in-house cabling of indoor optical fiber cable and installing an ONU.■Maintenance and management should be performed in accordance with the following points.
1) Record of installation of new or additional cabling and equipment
2)Dissemination of warnings about in-house optical facilities- Do not touch the endface of the optical connector to avoid any increase in connection loss. - Do not look at the endface of an optical connector because the laser beam may damage the eyes.- When moving furniture, be careful to do not damage the optical fiber cable. - Warning about optical fiberIf the indoor optical cable is cut by mistake, do not touch the end. The optical fiber may cause a wound by piercing part of the body.
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Test and Performance Standards■Test of optical loss or optical power level at ONU is conducted after installing and connecting an optical fiber cable. Test results must meet the performance standard. ■The test methods and performance standards differ for each telecommunication service provider.■In FTTH, with the spread of video services, PON optical power meters are used, which can measure different wavelengths 1490 nm (for Internet services) & 1550 nm (for video service) simultaneously.
Examples of PON optical power meters
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 2013
■For the backbone cable, the required number of fibers are installed in each dwelling unit.■The distribution method should be determined based on installation difficulty, EPS space, and cost. ■The three methods shown below are used.
融着
PD盤
8心ケーブル
2心ケーブル×4
Fusion splicing
PD board
Cable with eight-fibers
Cable with two-fibers x 4
16
FTTH for Apartment Houses
Distribution method of backbone cable
2) Backbone cable single distribution method
Backbone cable; cable with eight fibers x 5
3) Backbone cable branching distribution method
Backbone cables; cable with forty fibers x 1
1) Horizontal cable single distribution method
Backbone cable: cable with two fibers x 20
EPS1 EPS1 EPS1
6F 6F 6F 88
5F 5F 5F
4F 4F 4F
3F 3F 3F
2F 2F 2F
1F 1F 1F
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
MDFroom
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
MDFroom
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
PDboard
PDboard
PDboard
PDboard
PDboard
MDFroom
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
D.u
PDboard
PDboard
PDboard
PDboard
PDboard
Cable
Fibers
Backbone
Cable
(100 fibers)
Cable for
Floors
(2-fibers x 8)
Fusion
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Termination at Dwelling Unit■A horizontal cable is terminated in a generic cabling box or an optical wall outlet.■An optical connector is connected on-site at the end of the horizontal cable. Alternatively it is fusion or mechanically spliced with an optical cord using a connector. ■The optical connector is usually an SC type optical connector.■Cabling at a dwelling unit is shown below.
1) With generic cabling box(mainly for new apartment houses)
2) Without generic cabling box(mainly for existing apartment houses)
IP Telephone
TV
Coaxial cable
ONU
STB
PC
Indoor optical fiber cable
(horizontal cable)
V-ONU
Telephone
line
LAN Cable
Generic cabling
Conduit cabling
Telecommunication outlet
Conduit cabling
Telecommunication outlet
IP Telephony-compatible router
IP Telephone
TV
Coaxial cable
ONU
STB
Telephone line
Indoor optical fiber cable
(horizontal cable)
PC
LAN cable
V-ONU
In-house
optical fiber
distribution
cord
Optical wall outlet
Exposed wiring
Exposed wiring
Exposed wiring
IP Telephony-compatible
router
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201318
Optical Fiber Cables for Apartment HousesStructure Application Type of jacketed
optical fiber Number of fibers Cross-section
Single-fiber layer twist type cable
Introduction areaBackbone area
0.9 mm jacketed optical fiber
up to 12 fibers
Single-fiber slot type cable
Introduction areaBackbone area
0.9 mm jacketed optical fiber
up to 12 fibers
2-fiber ribbon SZ slot type cable
Introduction areaBackbone area
2-fiber ribbon up to 128 fibers
4-fiber ribbon SZ slot type cable
Introduction areaBackbone area
4-fiber ribbon up to 300 fibers
8-fiber ribbon SZ slot type cable
Introduction areaBackbone area
8-fiber ribbon up to 1000 fibers
Multi-fiber optical indoor cable
Introduction areaBackbone area
8-fiber ribbon Four or eight fibers
Optical indoor cable of small diameter with low friction
Backbone areaHorizontal area
0.25 mm jacketed optical fiber
One fiber
Bound flat cable Backbone areaHorizontal area
0.25 mm jacketed optical fiber
Four or eight fibers
▲
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201319
Test and Performance Standards
■The testing methods and performance standards depend on the telecommunication service provider. ■The performance standard example below is shown as a reference.
Optical Cabling Model in Example Loss Calculation
Connector Fusion Fusion Fusion Connector
Backbone cable
Horizontal cable
PD board
50 m 20 m
MDF Generic cabling box
Optical fiber cable : single-mode optical fiber with standard loss of 0.4 dB/km - Cabling distance: 70 m- Measurement wavelength: 1.31μm- Fusion splicing loss: 0.2 dB or smaller- Optical wall outlet connection loss: 0.7 dB or smaller- Number of fusion splices: 3Loss of optical fiber only = 0.07(km) x 0.4(dB/km) = 0.03(dB)Optical fiber splicing loss = 0.2(dB) x 3 (points) = 0.6(dB)Optical connection loss = 0.7(dB)Performance standard = 0.03(dB) + 0.6(dB) + 0.7(dB) = 1.33(dB)
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201320
Basic Configuration of POF Distribution System■Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) is used to replace a LAN cable or coaxial cable in detached or apartment houses.■Acrylic Resin-Type POF is used for in-house cabling, Fluoropolymer-Type POF is used for backbone cabling in apartment houses.■POF is distributed from a media converter (M/C) inside a generic cabling box to an another M/C via a telecommunication outlet in each room using a pre-installed conduit.
Example of cabling configuration of acrylic resin-type POF for newly constructed detached houses
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201321
POF Cord or Cable■Single cord and duplex zip cord, both of which are POFs directly buffered with resin, are used as acrylic resin-type POFs. ■Generally, a loose duplex cable (flat type) with tension lines, or a duplex cable with aramid yarn is used for fluoropolymer-type POFs.
a) Duplex zip cord (2.2 x 4.4 mm) b) Duplex cable (4.0 x 5.5 mm)
(a) Loose duplex flat cable (b) Loose duplex zip cable
2) Typical duplex cables for fluoropolymer-type POFs
1) Examples of acrylic resin-type duplex POF cord and cable
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201322
Setting of POF Connector and Termination■Easy termination and connection thanks to large core size.
See Figure 1) and 2). ■The polishing method is used for terminating the optical connector for fluoropolymer POFs.
2) Plug-less connection to media converters
3) Termination by polishing with simple polishing disk for fluoropolymer POFs
Simply cut cord with small cutter
(a) Separate zip cord, (b) Insert plug cover (c) Fix plug, and pre-cut
and strip buffer excess POF length
1) Example setting and termination process for acrylic resin POF connector
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201323
Optical Loss Measurement Procedure for POF■An optical fiber loss test for POF is also conducted using an optical power meter at an operating wavelength after installing an optical cable and completing the termination process.
The testing procedure (simple method) is as follows: 1) Turn on light source and allow to warm up for about 10 minutes;2) Connect a launching optical fiber cable to light source and to optical power meter and measure optical power (Pin); 3) Connect cable under test to launching cable and optical power meter and measure optical power (Pout);4) Calculate loss value in accordance with formula below:
Loss (dB) = Pin (dBm) – Pout (dBm)
Pin Pout
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Classification and Major Characteristics of POFs
Note 1: Typically 15 to 35 μm smaller than cladding diameter*1: Theoretical NA for PSI-XX, effective NA for PGI-XX *2: At 650 nm, under equilibrium mode launch condition*3: At 650 nm, launch NA = 0.3*4: At 850 nm
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201325
Certification of Optical Fiber Cabling Technology ■Information Network Installation Professional (iNIP) is an NPO qualification certified by the Advanced Info-Communications Promotion Community (ICP).
ICP has been approved as a test organization by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. A vocational ability test related to Telecommunications Distribution Technology has been put into operation with ICP.
■However each telecommunication service provider has its own certification program. This is because the test methods and performance standards differ depending on the provider.
■Seminar courses on optical fiber cabling technology including fiber treatment, splicing, connection, testing and troubleshooting have been held in accordance with the iNIP by individual telecommunication carriers, optical cable manufacturers, construction companies, and so on.
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201326
Improvement of Optical Fiber Distribution Techniques
■Construction techniques have been improved through National and World Skill Competitions.■50th National Skills Competition was held in Nagano Prefecture in October 2012.The Telecommunications Distribution Technology Skill competition was won by Mr. Utsunomiya (KINDEN CORPORATION). This also qualifies him for the 42nd World Skills Competition (Leipzig, Germany, July 2013 ). The winner of this competition will qualify for international competitions as a representative of Japan.
Mr. Utsunomiya (KINDEN CORPORATION) as a winner in Skill of Telecommunications Distribution
Copyright © 2013 OITDAFTTH Conference 2013 WorkshopFebruary 19, 201327
Conclusion■I showed the current status of FTTH in Japan, and described the standardization and research activities in OITDA.
■We want to contribute to the standardization of FTTH technology using silica glass optical fiber.
■We also want to contribute to the standardization of FITH technology using POF.
Thank you very [email protected]
[email protected]@oitda.or.jp