0 50 km

2

3

4

5

1

The ports of entry for shark and ray products and byproducts into Costa Rica are Penas Blancas, Puerto Caldera, Juan Santamaria Airport, Paso Canoas and Puerto Limon. During the 2012-2017 period, Costa Rica imported 8,065,025 kg of shark products in fin and dressed carcass presentations. Additionally, it imported 2,650 kg of ray products, for a total CIF value of US$9,404,995. The dressed carcass presentation was the most commercialized product, followed by fins. These imports were due, mostly, to foreign vessel landings (Panama, Taiwan and Belize flags). Purpose of imports is no clear. According to legislation, this product should have been destined for exportation and not internal consumption.

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONCOSTA RICA: PORTS OF ENTRY

PRESENTATION

Fin Ray Dressed carcass

Fin

Ray

Dressed carcass

NICARAGUA

PANAMA

P A C I F I CO C E A N

C A R I B B E A NS E A

San Jose

Coco Island

Sources: Analysis of information declared by importing companies during the period of January 2012 to August 2017,through the Costa Rican tax authority (TICA) and PENTA Transaction (On-line Foreign Commerce Statistics) platforms.

Total 51,030

CIF value (US$)Volume kg

PUERTO CALDERA

Volume kg CIF value (US$)

Total $9,503,354Total8,013,388

0017

8,50

0

51,0

30

00

2,65

0

0

Volume kg CIF value (US$)

Total $1,816Total2,650

VOLUME8,068,083 kg $9,404,995

CIF VALUE (US$)

JUAN SANTAMARIA INT. AIRPORT

Volume kg CIF value (US$)

$344Total

3

00

Total 15

$0$0

$34415

$0$0

$0

$571

,850

Total $47,117

$47,

117

$0$0

Volume kg CIF value (US$)

Total $31,425Total1,000

00

1,00

0

$0$0

$31,

425

99% of dressed carcasses were imported through Puerto Caldera. Panama, Taiwan and Belize were the main providers.

100% of fins entered through Puerto Caldera. Panama was the sole provider.

ORIGIN OF IMPORTS

Airport

Marine port

Land customs

7,83

4,88

8

$8,9

31,5

04

$1,8

16

178,

500

kg2,

650

kg7,

886,

933

kg

$9,0

10,3

81$5

71,8

50$1

,816

1

2 PUERTO LIMON5

PASO CANOASPENAS BLANCAS

TOTAL VALUE OF SHARKPRODUCTS IMPORTEDBY COSTA RICA (2012-2017)

4

CIF value (Cost, Insurance and Freight): Value of transportation and insurance covered by the exporter in the country of origin of the product.

Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

Item value Total value

0 50 km

2

3

3

1

2

5

4

5

1 4

Coco Island

PUERTO CALDERA

TOTAL VALUE OF SHARK PRODUCTS EXPORTED FROM OUT OF COSTA RICA (2012-2017) Item value Total valueFin Meat

VOLUME7,767,923 kg

Cartilage Ray

PORTS OF EXPORTATION

NICARAGUA

PANAMA

P A C I F I CO C E A N

C A R I B B E A NS E A

JUAN SANTAMARIA INT. AIRPORT

San Jose

$12,447,002TotalTotal 6,872,660

Sources: Analysis of information declared by importing companies during the period of January 2012 to August 2017,through the Costa Rican tax authority (TICA) and PENTA Transaction (On-line Foreign Commerce Statistics) platforms.

Total $293,698

PENAS BLANCAS

PUERTO LIMON

Total 338,939 Total $779,532

$0 $0 $0

00

FOB VALUE (US$)

7,235,272 kg455,269 kg 45,745 kg 31,637 kg

$10,831,663$36,185,872 $295,855$24,978,310 $80,044

Total 153,019

153,

019

0 0 0

$179

,288

$79,

913

29,2

60

31,6

17

1,17

1

0 20 $131

$0

Total 262,491 Total $22,457,231

$5,8

08

$22,

451,

292

261,

210

$2,5

27,0

19

$9,6

60,7

83

194,

059

6,61

7,72

4

$293

,698

$662

,965

$116

,568

$0 $0

322,

454

16,4

85

FOB value (Free on Board): value of goods sold at the point of origin, plus freight, insurance and other necessary costs to take the merchandise to the export customs.

PASO CANOAS

Total 140,904 Total $208,410

140,

904

0 0 0 $0$0 $0

$208

,410

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONCOSTA RICA: PORTS OF EXPORTATION

PRESENTATION Fin

Volume kg FOB value (US$)

Meat Cartilage Ray

Airport Marine portLand customs

FOB value (US$)Volume kg

FOB value (US$)Volume kg

FOB value (US$)Volume kg

FOB value (US$)Volume kg

The ports of exit for Costa Rican shark and ray products and byproducts are Penas Blancas, Puerto Caldera, Juan Santamaria Airport, Paso Canoas and Puerto Limon. During the 2012-2017 period, Costa Rica exported 7,767,923 kg of shark as cartilage, cutlet, dressed carcass*, filet, fin, loin and trimmings, as well as 31,637 kg of ray meat, for a total CIF value of US$36,170,513. The shark meat was primarily commercialized as dressed carcass. The main destination for shark meat was Mexico (74% of the product), followed by Taiwan (13%). Sharks fins were exported via air transportation out of Juan Santamaria International Airport (57%) and via marine transportation via Puerto Caldera (43%). The main destination for fins was Hong Kong, receiving 98% of the reported cargo. It is important to consider that the average declared value of fins in Juan Santamaria was US$86 per kilo, while in Caldera it was US$13 per kilo, a significant diference that could be related to a combination of higher air transportation costs and undervalued declaration at marine ports.

*Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

TOTAL VALUE OF SHARKPRODUCTS IMPORTEDINTO PANAMA (2009-2017)

VOLUME438,390 kg $598,289

CIF VALUE (US$)

Item value Total value

CIF value (Cost, Insurance and Freight): value of transportation and insurance covered by the exporter in the country of origin of the product.

0 $0

132,

126

$182

,089

Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

The ports of entry for shark products and byproducts into Panama are Chiriquí, Colon and Ciudad de Panama. During the 2009-2017 period, Panama imported 438,390 kg of shark products in filet and dressed carcass presentations, for a total CIF value of US$598,289. Dressed carcasses were the most commercialized product. Importation of these products was probably related related to local market demand.

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONPANAMA: PORTS OF ENTRY

PRESENTATION Filet Dressed carcass

Sources: Analysis of information declared by importing companies during the period of January 2009 to August 2017,through the PENTA Transaction (On-line Foreign Commerce Statistics) platform.

1

2

Volume kg

Volume kg

2 COLON 0 50 km

P A C I F I CO C E A N

G U L FO F P A N A M A

C A R I B B E A NS E A

Panama

3

COLOMBIA

COSTA RICACIF value (US$)

CIF value (US$)

1 CHIRIQUI

3 PANAMA

Volume kg CIF value (US$)

$17,

642

$580

,647

17,3

50 k

g42

1,04

0 kg

Filet

Dressed carcass

Total$320,938

Total230,747

$315

,338

225,

747

$5,5

50

5,00

0

Total132,126

Total$182,089

Total75,517

12,3

50

63,1

67

Total$95,262

$12,

092

$83,

171

Most of the product imported entered Panama via land customs in the Chiriquí Province from Costa Rica. Colon and Panama City registered fewer imports via marine transportation.

ORIGIN OF IMPORTS

Land customs Marine port

The ports of exit for Panamanian shark and ray products and byproducts were Chiriqui, Azuero, Colon, Tocumen and Ciudad de Panama. During the 2009-2017 period, Panama exported 19,419,856 kg of shark products as cartilage, dressed carcass* filet, fins and leather, as well as 1,543,878 kg of ray meat, for a total CIF value of US$40,007,497. Shark meat was mostly commercialized as dressed carcass, followed by filet. The main ports of exit for shark meat were Colón, Tocumen and Ciudad Panama, with the United States of America (USA) as the main destination. In the case of fins, they were exported via marine transportation from Colon and Ciudad de Panama, and via air transportation from Tocumen. The main destination for shark fins was Hong Kong.

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONPANAMA: PORTS OF EXPORTATION

TOTAL VALUE OF SHARK PRODUCTS EXPORTED OUT OFF PANAMA (2009-2017)

Fin Meat Cartilage Leather Ray

Meat Cartilage RayLeather

Airport Marine port

Sources: Analysis of information declared by importing companies during the period of January 2009 to August 2017,through the PENTA Transaction (On-line Foreign Commerce Statistics) platform.

1

1

2

5

3

CHIRIQUI

4 PANAMA

Volume kg Volume kgVolume kg

2 AZUERO

5 TOCUMEN

FOB value (US$)Volume kg

3 COLON0 50 km

P A C I F I CO C E A N

G U L FO F P A N A M A

C A R I B B E A NS E A

Panama

4

334,

193

9,47

2,07

5

26,5

00

11,2

88

222,

252

COLOMBIA

COSTA RICA

$29,601,460 $307,692 $13,932 $3,493,781

VOLUME19,419,865 kg

FOB VALUE (US$)$40,007,497

17,131,573 kg 78,100 kg 11,288 kg 1,543,878 kg

FOB value (US$)FOB value (US$)

$104

,940

$368

,099

$13,

932

Total $602,202

$197

,036

$405

,166

$0 $0 $33

$1,3

07,5

11

$202

,752

$3,0

73,0

53

$0

293,

367

51,6

00

1,29

9,44

6Total 155,361

2,38

7

300 0

$152

,973

509

0 00

4,87

6,29

2

25,0

79

21,6

42

0 0 0 0

$1,7

37

$10,

740,

036

$3,3

51,6

28

$0 $0

$50,

859

$0 $0 $0 $0

Volume kg FOB value (US$)

FOB value (US$)

Total 10,066,309 Total $16,601,130

$14,

379,

701

POINTS OF EXPORTATION

FOB value (Free on Board): value of goods sold at the point of origin, plus freight, insurance and other necessary costs to take the merchandise to the export customs.

*Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

Land customs

$4,0

76,5

90

2,63

0,26

2

Fin

$6,590,632

655,027 kg

PRESENTATION

$1,7

34,4

57

Total $14,093,401

Total $50,859Total 21,642

Total 4,901,880Total 4,274,674 Total $8,659,906

Item value Total value

Airport Marine portLand customs

1

2

3

5

4Gorgona

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONCOLOMBIA: PORTS OF ENTRYThe ports of entry for shark products and byproducts into Colombia are Barranquilla, Cartagena, Buenaventura, Bogota and Ipiales. During the 2005-2017 period, Colombia imported 8,535,789 kg of shark products, mostly in filets and dressed carcass* presentations, for a total CIF value of US$9,900,284. Filets were the most commercialized product, in terms of value and volume. There were small shark oil imports destined to the pharmaceutical industry. The import value of shark products and byproducts into Colombia was high in comparison to its exportations (26.8 to 1 ratio), making Colombia a net importer of this type of product, destined for the internal market.

PRESENTATION MeatOil Cartilage

Most of the product entered Colombia via Ipiales (imported from Ecuador), Cartagena and Buenaventura (imported from Panama). The shark oil was imported from Iceland and the cartilage from Ecuador.

ORIGIN OF IMPORTS

Sources: Analysis of information declared by importing companies during the period of January 2005 to August 2017,through the PENTA Transaction (On-line Foreign Commerce Statistics) platform.

0 180 km

P A C I F I CO C E A N

C A R I B B E A NS E A

VENEZUELAPANAMA

ECUADOR

PERU

BRASIL

IPIALES

CIF value (US$)Volume kg

CIF value (US$)Volume kg

CIF value (US$)Volume in kg

CIF value (US$)Volume in kg

CIF value (US$)Volume kg

Total 2,003,394

Total 1,296,064

Total $1,413,131

Total $1,453,690

Total 117,203 Total $93,739

$0$0$0

$1,4

12,0

77

$41,

613

$6,3

50,8

87

2,00

3,39

4

5

00

$1,4

36$4

1,61

3

2,70

0 kg

380

kg

VOLUME8,535,793 kg $9,900,284

CIF VALUE (US$)

Cartilage

Oil

Bogotá

Gorgona

$0$0

$93,

739

117,

203

00

BUENAVENTURA

CARTAGENA2

3

1 BARRANQUILLA

TOTAL VALUE OF SHARKPRODUCTS IMPORTEDINTO COLOMBIA (2005-2017)

CIF value (Cost, Insurance and Freight): valueof transportation and insurance covered by the exporter in the country of origin of the product.

BOGOTÁ

Total 5,118,752 Total $6,350,887

Total 380 Total $1,436

$0$0

$1,4

36

00

380

4

$9,8

57,2

35

8,53

2,71

3 kg

Meat

5,11

8,75

2

00

1,29

3,36

4

2,70

0

0

$0$0

Malpelo

*Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

Item value Total value

$1,4

13,1

31

Bogotá

4

2

1

3VENEZUELA

FOB value (Free on Board): value of goods sold at the point of origin, plus freight, insurance and other necessary costs to take the merchandise to the export customs.

Gorgona

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONCOLOMBIA: PORTS OF EXPORTATIONThe ports of exit for Colombian shark and ray products and byproducts were Barranquilla, Cartagena, Cucuta and Buenaventura. During the 2005-2017 period, Colombia exported 317,974 kg of shark products as dressed carcass* and fins, for a total CIF value of US$1,802,439. The main ports of departure were Cartagena and Buenaventura. The main destination was Mexico, followed far behind by Panama, El Salvador and Taiwan. Most shark fins were exported via Buenaventura and Cartagena, with Hong Kong being the main destination.

PRESENTATION Fin Meat POINTSOF EXPORTATION

Marine port

Land customs

BUENAVENTURA

Sources: Analysis of information declared by importing companies during the period of January 2005 to August 2017,through the PENTA Transaction (On-line Foreign Commerce Statistics) platform.

0 180 kmP A C I F I CO C E A N

C A R I B B E A NS E A

Total 50,103 Total $1,247,628

$1,2

26,5

55

$21,

07321

,056

29,0

47

4

Total 740

BARRANQUILLA

FOB value (US$)Volume kg

Total $92,558

$0

$92,

558

0

740

1

TOTAL VALUE OF SHARK PRODUCTS EXPORTED OUT OF COLOMBIA (2005-2017) Item value Total value

Fin MeatVOLUME317,974 kg

FOB VALUE (US$)$1,802,439

$1,386,079 $416,360

*Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

ECUADOR

PERU

CARTAGENA CUCUTA

FOB value (US$)Volume kg FOB value (US$)Volume kg FOB value (US$)Volume kg

Total 257,131 Total $412,254 Total 10,000 Total $50,000

$0

$50,

000

0

10,0

00

2 3

278,354 kg39,620 kg

$345

,288

$66,

966

17,8

24

239,

307

PANAMA

Malpelo

421

92

3 65 8 10

3

6

8

7

2

1

5

4

9

10

COSTA RICAN EXPORTS IN TRANSIT THROUGH THE US (2012-2017)

16,125 kg

2,044 kg

$1,181,212

$152,157

$692,493

$16,669,637

$250,157 $29,116 $17,542

8,711 kg

203,846 kg

2,636 kg 328 kg 384 kg

453,477 11,526,9605,180,253 93,412

$45,601

608 kg

Value

Volume

Hong Kong

391,300 kg

$6,036,659

Total volume

FOB value (US$)

38,028 kg

168,149 kg

176,806 kg

$87,230

$2,999,127

$512,084Value

Volume Volume

8,266 kg50 kg

$100

$2,438,118

Value

CanadaChina

South KoreaHong Kong

Vietnam

PANAMANIAN EXPORTS IN TRANSIT THROUGH THE US (2009-2017)

Marine

IMPORTATION AND TRANSIT ROUTES THROUGH THE USA TYPE OF PRODUCT

Dressed carcass*/meat FinAir

GEORGIA

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

TEXAS

JALISCO

TENNESSEE

WASHINGTON

FLORIDA

CALIFORNIA

P A C I F I CO C E A N

C A R I B B E A NS E A

MASSACHUSETTS

MARYLAND

PENNSYLVANIA

NEWJERSEY

PANAMACOSTA RICA PANAMACOSTA RICA

SHARK IMPORTSFOR LOCAL MARKET DEMANDIN THE USA (BY ORIGIN)

Item value Total value

Meat (kg) Meatand fins (kg)

FOB value (US$)

The United States of America (USA) is key for the commercialization of shark products and byproducts out of Costa Rica and Panama. Shark meat exported from Costa Rica to the US for local market demand mainly entered via maritime transportation, with Miami (Florida) being the main port of entry. Atlanta (Georgia) and Miami were the main points of entry for shark meat via air transportation. Miami was also the main transit port for shark fins destined for Hong Kong.Shark meat exported from Panama to the USA market entered the country mainly by air transportation, with LAX and Miami being the main ports of entry. Long Beach and Los Angeles were the main maritime ports of entry for shark meat from Panama.The cities of Long Beach and Los Angeles were the main transit marine ports and LAX the main airport terminal for sharks fins in route to Hong Kong, all located in California. Los Angeles was also the main maritime port of shark meat in transit to China and Vietnam.

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONUSA: PORTS OF ENTRY AND TRANSIT

232,639 kg

$18,885,758

Total volume

FOB value (US$)

FOB value (Free on Board): value of goods sold at the point of origin, plus freight, insurance and other necessary costs to take the merchandise to the export customs.

Sources: Analysis of information declared by exporting companies obtained through consultation of on-line external commerce information systems. For Costa Rica, the period covered was January 2012 to September 2017; for Panama, the period covered was January 2009 to August 2017.

*Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

7,889,583 kg

A study of the commercialization routes of shark and ray products and byproducts determined the origin of Costa Rican (2012-2017), Panamanian (2009-2017) and Colombian (2005-2017). The most relevant product imported by Costa Rica was shark meat, via marine transportation coming from fishing vessels that operate in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. The main sources were Panama (45%), Taiwan (40%) and Belize (13%). Shark fins imported by Costa Rica came exclusively from Panama. Panama only imported shark meat, with Costa Rica (58%) and Brazil (24%) as the main suppliers, and minor additional imports from Belize (6%), China (6%) and Trinidad and Tobago (6%). In the case of Colombia, only shark meat was imported, mainly from Ecuador (60%) and Panama (29%). Peru (4%) and Costa Rica (3.5%) were minor exporters to Colombia.

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONIMPORT ROUTES TO COSTA RICA,PANAMA AND COLOMBIA

China

Uruguay

Argentina

Indonesia

Taiwan

Japan

El Salvador

Nicaragua

Mexico

Panama Trinidadand Tobago

Belize

Colombia

Peru

EcuadorCosta Rica Suriname

Brazil

Spain

PortugalFrance

Holland

Iceland

US

438,390 kg

$598,289

8,532,709 kg

178,500 kg

$9,012,207

$571,850

$9,857,235

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

COLOMBIA

IMPORT ROUTES

TOTAL SHARK AND RAY IMPORTS Dressed carcass*/meat Fin

COSTA RICA (2012-2017) PANAMA (2009-2017)COLOMBIA (2005-2017)

Volume

CIF value

Volume

CIF value

Sources: Analysis of information declared by exporting companies obtained through consultation of on-line external commerce information systems. For Costa Rica, the period covered was January 2012 to September 2017; for Panama, the period covered was January 2009 to August 2017; and for Colombia de period covered was January 2005 to July 2017

*Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.

A study of the commercialization routes of shark and ray products and byproducts determined the destination of Costa Rican (2012-2017), Panamanian (2009-2017) and Colombian (2005-2017) exports. In terms of volume, Costa Rica exported mainly to Mexico (74%) and Taiwan (13%). Rays were exported mainly to Mexico (99%), while shark fins were exported to Hong Kong (74%), Taiwan (16%) and Mexico (5%). In the case of Panama, in terms of volume, shark meat was mainly exported to the USA (29%), Colombia (14%), Uruguay (14%), Portugal (8%), Brazil (7%) and Trinidad and Tobago (7%). Rays were exported out of Panama mainly to Mexico (73%), Vietnam (14%) and the USA (12%), while shark fins were mainly exported to Taiwan (63%) and Hong Kong (33%). For Colombia, in terms of volume, the main destination for shark meat was Mexico (65%), Panama (10%), El Salvador (9%) and Taiwan (9%). Colombian shark fins were exported to Hong Kong (98%) and China (2%).

SHARK COMMERCIALIZATIONEXPORT ROUTES TO COSTA RICA,PANAMA AND COLOMBIA

China

Brazil

Uruguay

Hong Kong

Vietnam MalasiaSri Lanka

Taiwan

Singapur

El Salvador

Guatemala

Mexico

Panama

Colombia

Ecuador

Peru

Costa Rica

NicaraguaVenezuela

Suriname

Dominican Republic

Spain

Portugal

France

BarbadosTrinidadand Tobago

Martinica

Cuba

Canada

US

TOTAL SHARK AND RAY EXPORTS Dressed carcass*/meat Fin

COSTA RICA (2012-2017) PANAMA (2009-2017)COLOMBIA (2005-2017)

Volume

FOB value

Volume

FOB value

$11,204,342$416,360

278,354 kg

39,620 kg

$1,386,079 $24,978,310

$33,091,429

18,672,909 kg

654,667 kg

$6,589,732

7,312,654 kg

455,269 kg

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

COLOMBIA

EXPORT ROUTES

Sources: Analysis of information declared by exporting companies obtained through consultation of on-line external commerce information systems. For Costa Rica, the period covered was January 2012 to September 2017; for Panama, the period covered was January 2009 to August 2017; and for Colombia de period covered was January 2005 to July 2017.

*Dressed carcass refers to a shark carcass that has been headed, gutted, and had all fins removed.