shared, plural and cultural values: a handbook for decision-makers
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UK National Ecosystem Assessment Follow-on
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Disclaimer: The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of
UNEP, the funders, contributory organisations or editors. The designations of material in
this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP,
the funders, or contributory organisations, editors or publishers concerning the legal status
of any country, territory, city area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its
frontiers or boundaries or the designation of its name, frontiers or boundaries. The
mention of a commercial entity or product in this publication does not imply endorsement
by UNEP.
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and
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Shared, plural and cultural values of ecosystems:A handbook for decision-makers
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Preface
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Contents3 5
. 6 1.1 .7
Box 1: The UK NEAFO......................................................................................................................................................8. 9
Box 2: Understanding the value of potential marine protected areas..............................................................11 Box 3: Deliberating on the future of Hastings........................................................................................................ 2
..... 3. 6
. 4. 7
6.1 .... 9 6.2
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. 4 6.4 . 5 6.5 om diff . 7
6.6 . 8 . 41 .......... .. 3
7.1 .... . 37.2 . .. .. . 67.3 . 507.4 . .... . 5 7.5
. 6
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1 Introduction
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e of clear diff
1.1 What this handbook will do
e being used in a diff
his is because diff
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business
eff
National government and its agencies
Local government
l
c
Policy analysts and consultancies
2 Why do shared, plural and cultural values matter?
ǮǮ ǮǮUnderstanding that shared values can often differ from aggregated
individual values is crucial in considering their
full impact
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research funders
Land managerse managers will also benefi
ff
y diff
NGOs and community and activist groups
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**
Box 2: Understanding the value of potential marine protected areas
y diff
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Box 3: Deliberating on the future of Hastings
ange of diff
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tion of diffor diff
een diff
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1,
y of diff
v
(Figure 2) en diff
Transcendental values
Cultural or societal values
Communal values
Group values
Deliberated values
3 What are shared, plural and cultural values?Other-regarding values
Value to society
, these diff
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1-
Values
Value-concept
Indicators
Contextual
Transcen-dental
Provider
Individuals
Ad-hoc groups
Commu-nities
Society & culture
ProcessNon-delibe-rated
Delibe-rated
Scale
IndividualSocietal
Intention
Other-regarding
Self-regarding
Figure 2 The five dimensions and seven main types of shared values.
diff
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1.
4 Overview of methods for assessing shared values
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able eff
Process:
c
Outcome:
of diff
Process:
Outcome:
able eff
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11
diff
Process:
c
Outcome:
Process:
Outcome:
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Process:
Outcome:
c
Process:
c
Outcome:
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Process and outcome:
Process:
Outcome:
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Process:
Outcome:
Outcome:
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Process:
Outcome:
Process:
Outcome:
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Outcome:
Process:
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2-
tion with diff
stakeholders eff
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een people with diff
5 Deliberation
•
tial decisions among diff•
have been overlooked.
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2.
•
• metaplan
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2/
timelines
• ranking
• prioritisation
• establishing a verdict
• willingness to pay
fair price
• multi-criteria (decision) analysisoss diff
•
ǮǮ ǮǮEstablishing a verdict
is a qualitative way ofappraising or choosing
a preferred option
•
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w diff
c
(Table 1)
6 How to consider shared, plural and cultural values in decisions
r
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Table 1. Methods and stages of the policy cycle.
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6.1 Using existing datasets to identify shared values
or diff c
c
w
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ailable in diff
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t
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Table 2.
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6.2 Risk management for a potentially contested environmental policy on the drawing board
• Desk based cultural historical study• Media analysis• In-depth discussion groups
w diff
oach can be used eff
r
oach is useful and eff
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ǮǮ
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Local media can be a useful source of data
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3-
6.3 Social desirability of a policy programme maZm�fb`am�aZo^�lb`gbÛ\Zgmenvironmental impacts
• Social media analysis• Citizen’s jury
v
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ǮǮ ǮǮ:�d^r�[^g^_bm�h_�\bmbs^gl �juries is that they can
incorporate a very wide range of values
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3.
6.4 Management interventions related to land use change
• Analysis of published documents• In-depth discussion groups• Visualisations and scenarios• Participatory Mapping / Geographical
Information Systems (GIS)
ff
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table eff
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6.5 Comparing the wellbeingthat people derive fromdifferent potentialprotected areas
• Storytelling• Psychometric subjective wellbeing
indicators
t diff ff
s
r
of diff
, diff
diff
a
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6.6 Project Appraisal• Deliberative Monetary Valuation (DMV) to
feed into Cost-Benefit Analysis• DMV as an alternative to Cost-Benefit
Analysis• Participatory Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA)
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ǮǮǮǮ It is important that there bl�ln_Û\b^gm�hiihkmngbmr�mh�consider cultural, ethical and political dimensions,
Zg]�iZkmb\biZgml��transcendental values more
broadly
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• Participatory systems modelling (PSM)• Deliberative Monetary Valuation (DMV)
6.7 Payments for Ecosystem Services schemes
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ǮǮǮǮ It is important to consider how socio-cultural,
economic, and cultural factors interact
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7 Methods case studies
7.1 Inner Forth: Linking participatory mapping and deliberative monetary valuation
r
w suff
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ǮǮǮǮ The IFLI project will… improve access, aesthetics,
interpretation, cultural heritage and skills.
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4-
off
ǮǮǮǮIt is not really beautiful in the way that people usually
think...but I feel quite proud of this place.”
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7.2 The value of potential UK marine protected areas
e diff
o diff
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(Table 3)
Table 3. Subjective wellbeing question in the MPAs case study
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ell diff t diff
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essed diff
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7.3 Hastings: Valuing the seain a broader societalcontext
ri
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r
r tion eff
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5+
(Table 4)
Table 4. Group key goals for Hastings used in MCA and DMV exercises.
City of Culture, Green Hastings, Greater City and Business as Usual
r
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7.5 Kinloch Rannoch, Forest Futures: Artisticengagement, interviews,deliberation and sociallearning to reveal hiddencultural values
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c ǮǮǮǮ Much of the project
involved building bridges – both socially and
conceptually
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