shank y brown_cap 3
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can be that much surer that you are on the right path.
his
virtue is an important
thing to
look
for as you read and evalúate quantitative articles.
ha
a p t e r
PracHce
Makes
Perfect
It ¡s now t ime to pract ice some of the insights an d
ski l ls
yo u have explored ¡n this
chapter:
• Scientific method. Can you
out l ine
t he
basic
steps of the
scient if ic method?
C an
you design an out l ine of a study that might fol low the scient if ic method?
• Scientific procedures. Beyond th e scient if ic method itself there ar e f ive proce-
dures that charac ter ize scient if ic research. Can y ou ident ify them? Can you
apply
them to the
s tudy
you
out l ined above?
•
Variables. What
is a
var iable? What
¡s the
dif ference between
a
dependent
and an ¡ndependent variable? Can you
give
examples of each?
• Descriptiva
designs. Which
training arricie uses a descript ivo design?
Discuss
th e key points of
this
design briefly using the training arricie as your exa mple.
• Relation finding designs.
Which
t raining art ic le uses a re la t ion- f ind ing design?
Discuss
the key points of
this
design br iefly using the training art ic le as your
example.
•
Hypothe sis testing
designs. Which t raining art ic le uses a hypothesis-testing
design?
Discuss
the key points of this design br ief ly using the training art ic le
as your example.
•
Model building
designs.
Which
t raining art ic le
uses
a
model building
des ign?
Discuss
the key
points
of
this design briefly using
th e
t ra in ing ar t ic le
as
your
example.
•
Objectiv i ty
What is object ivity? Why is it so ¡mportant in quantitative
research?
asic
Statistical Literacy
There Is a
Statistical
Worldview 33
Statist ics Uses Probabil i ty to Balance
Order
and Freedom 40
Statistics Starts by Looking at Data and D is t r ibut ions 41
There
Are a
Number
of
Dif ferent Types
of
D is f r ibut ions That
Can
Show
Up ¡n Research 4]
Distributions Have Important Propert ies 43
Distr ibut ions Can Be
Used
to
Describe
Either
Populat ions
or
Samples 46
Normally Distr ibuted Samples Can Be Measured or
Compared
to Each Other
47
Every Stat ist ical Test Is
Designed
to Tell You Something 48
Statistics Can
Also
Be Used to Model the World 54
There Are a Variety of Places t o
Turn
to Build Upon Your Basic
Understanding of Statistics 55
Our Emerging Literacy Orientaron 55
Practice
Makes
Perfect 56
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