shane garrard, lmsw, ccs, cadcii director of alcohol and drug services region one mental health
TRANSCRIPT
Shane Garrard, LMSW, CCS, CADCIIDirector of Alcohol and Drug Services
Region One Mental Health
AlcoholAlcohol is a depressant! Affects every organ and can damage a
developing fetus. FASD-different levelsIntoxication can impair brain function and
motor skills.
Alcohol2009- 51.9% of Americans age 12 and older
had used alcohol in the 30 days prior to being surveyed.
23.7% of that percent had binged (5 plus drinks within two hours).
6.8% drank heavily
NIDA
AlcoholA standard drink equals 0.6 ounces pure
ethanol, 12 ounces of beer, 8 ounces of malt liquor, 5 ounces of wine or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof.
One of the few substances that are dangerous to detox from!
Behaviors Associated with AlcoholSlurred speechSlower reaction timeInhibitions loweredDecisions are affectedOthers?Think about a growing brain!
Adolescent Brain• Adolescence is a period of profound brain maturation.
• We thought brain development was complete by adolescence
• We now know… maturation is not complete until about age 25!
Marijuana Street names include: Pot, Ganga, Weed,
Grass, and 420
Marijuana
Marijuana FactsMost commonly used illegal drug in the U.S.Made up of the Cannabis sativa hemp plant.Short term effects of marijuana use include
euphoria, distorted perceptions, memory impairment, and difficulty thinking and solving problems.
NIDA
UseThe most common way to use marijuana is to
smoke the substance. Can be smoked in hand made cigarettes (joints), in pipes or water pipes (bongs) or in blunts.
Can be ingested but is slower reacting. Usually mixed in foods or brewed as tea.
Illicit Drug Use
Marijuana2009-28.5 million Americans age 12 and
older had abused marijuana at least one in the year prior to survey.
2010 Monitoring the Future Study: 13.7% of 8th graders, 27.5% of 10th graders, and 34.8% of 12th graders had abused marijuana at least once in year prior.
NIDA
Myths and FactsMyth 1-Safe substance that grows naturally.
Fact-Individuals who smoke regularly potentially set themselves up for life-altering events.
Myth 2-There are no lasting effects to smoking. Fact-Smoking alters cognitive abilities and social development. Usually not seen till later in life.
Myth 3-Non-addictive. Fact- 9% of all users become addicted and those individuals who start young closer to 17%. One in Six! A quarter to half of daily users are addicted.
NIDA
Effects on LifeMakes exiting problems worse or creates new
life problems.Lower life satisfaction.Poorer mental and physical health.Relationship problems.Less academic and career success compared
to their peers (from similar backgrounds)
Should Marijuana be Legalized Not enough evidence in trialsMust be well defined and measurable
ingredients Is used for pain and nausea
NIDA
Spice
Synthetic MarijuanaStreet names include: K2, fake weed, Yucatan
Fire, Skunk, Moon Rocks, and many others.Labeled “not for human consumption”
Spice FactsClaim to be natural but contain synthetics (or
designer) cannabinoid compounds.Has been sold in head shops and gas stations.More popular with boys than girls.Hard to detect in standard drug testsSold as incense but resembles potpurri
Effects of SpiceSimilar to marijuana but in some cases
the effects can be stronger.Some users report psychotic effects like
extreme anxiety, paranoia, and hallucinations.
Since all have different compounds the results could differ.
Cases reported to poison control centers include rapid heart rate, vomiting, agitation, confusion, and hallucinations
NIDA
Opioids
Prescription Drug Abuse
Most Commonly UsedPain relievers- 5.1 millionTranquilizers- 2.2 millionStimulants- 1.1 millionSedatives-0.4 million
Facts1 in 12 high school seniors reported
nonmedical use of Vicodin; 1 in 20 reported oxycotin
70% of these seniors claimed they were given by a friend.
Misconception-they are given by a Dr therefore they are safe.
OpioidsCan be taken orally, snorting or injecting.High risk of overdoseHighly addicting-even when taken as
prescribedHeightened HIV risk with IV drug useRisky decisions through drug-altered
judgment and decision-making
NIDA
Medical ModelMethadoneSuboxoneWorks best in unison with other approaches:
CBT, MI, and REBT
Crack
CrackStreet name given to a processed form of
CocaineForm of Cocaine in a rock form which when
heated produces vapors that are smoked.Crack refers to the crackling sound given off
when heated.High only lasts for 5 to 10 minutes
FactsThe effects of crack cocaine use only lasts a
short period therefore the individual using it must “chase the high” for hours or days trying to obtain the same effect as first use.
Cocaine
Administration and EffectsSmoked as in CrackSnortingInjectingIntensity in use depends on the route of
administration.Causes increased energy, reduced fatigue
and mental alertness
Affects in the BrainIncreases levels of dopaminePleasure and movement in the reward center.Big release but no recycling of the chemicalLong term effects after repeated use
Health EffectsConstricts blood vessels, dilates pupils, and
increases body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure.
Loss of smell, nosebleeds, problems swallowing
ParanoiaAdverse reactions and increased risk
associated with using in unison with other substances
Meth
Street NamesSpeedMethChalkIceCrystalGlassHigh speed chicken feed
EffectsIncreased wakefulness and physical activity
(working mans drug)Produces rapid heart rate, irregular
heartbeat and increased blood pressure and body temperature
Long term effects include mood disturbances, violent behavior, anxiety, confusion, insomnia and severe dental problems
MethamphetamineIncreases the release and blocks the
reuptake of dopamineChanges how the brain functionsStructural problems with emotion and
memory are reported from chronic users
Psychosis?Abusers display similar symptoms as an
individual with psychosis such as paranoia, visual and auditory hallucinations, and delusions (insects under skin)
Bath Salts
Bath SaltsEmerging family of drugs containing one or
more synthetic chemicalsAmphetamine-like stimulantLabeled not for human consumptionGrowing public health and safety risk
Names for Bath SaltsIvory WaveBloomCloud NineLunar WaveVanilla SkyWhite LightningScar faceMost recently sold as jewelry cleaner or
phone screen cleaner
EffectsProduces euphoria and increased sex driveSome users experience paranoia, agitation,
hallucinatory deliriumSome display psychotic and violent behavior
and numerous deaths have been reportedSimilar to amphetamines and MDMA10 times more potent than cocaine
GHB
Date Rape DrugCentral nervous system depressantUsed in treatment of narcolepsyEffect GABA neurotransmitterOdorless, colorless, and tasteless forms that
are combined with alcohol or other beveragesSedates and incapacitates unsuspecting
victims
GHBActs on 2 sites in the brain: GABA receptors
and specific GHB binding siteHigh doses may result in sleep, coma, or
deathWithdrawal effects include insomnia, anxiety,
tremors and sweating
Rohypnol
RohypnolA benzodiazepine chemically similar to
valium or xanax.Not approved for this countyIndividuals using this substance often report
blackoutsCan produce tolerance and physical
dependence Lethal when mixed with other substancesMedical detox is necessary
Anabolic Steroids
SteroidsUsed legally to treat conditions resulting
from steroid hormone deficiencyCan be taken orally or injected into the
muscles or some may be applied to skinDo not have the same acute effects on brain
as other drugs-do not have the rewarding high
Does affect pathways and therefore may have significant impact on mood and behavior.
DetoxMood swings, fatigue, rest-lessness, loss of
appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and roid craving.
Most dangerous is the depression which is persistent and can lead to suicide attempts
Be careful of Roid Rage!