SGS 101 SGS 101 September 2008September 2008

Andrea Thyret-KiddAndrea Thyret-Kidd

Academic Integrity OfficerAcademic Integrity Officer

McMaster UniversityMcMaster University

This presentation was created by:This presentation was created by:

Academic Integrity Office Academic Integrity Office Andrea Thyret-KiddAndrea Thyret-Kidd

Centre for Leadership in LearningCentre for Leadership in LearningErika KudstraErika Kudstra

Centre for Student DevelopmentCentre for Student DevelopmentPeter WalshPeter Walsh

Purpose of Academic Integrity Purpose of Academic Integrity OfficeOffice

1.1. EducationEducation

2.2. PreventionPrevention

3.3. Process cases of academic Process cases of academic dishonesty dishonesty using procedural fairnessusing procedural fairness

What is What is Academic Integrity?Academic Integrity?

““The University states The University states unequivocally that it demands unequivocally that it demands scholarly integrity from all its scholarly integrity from all its

members. Academic dishonesty, in members. Academic dishonesty, in whatever form, is ultimately whatever form, is ultimately

destructive to the values of the destructive to the values of the University; furthermore, it is unfair University; furthermore, it is unfair and discouraging to those students and discouraging to those students who pursue their studies honestly.”who pursue their studies honestly.”

Academic Integrity Policy, McMaster University, 2006, Page 2.Academic Integrity Policy, McMaster University, 2006, Page 2.

Types of Academic DishonestyTypes of Academic Dishonesty

PlagiarismPlagiarism Inappropriate collaborationInappropriate collaboration Cheating on a test or examCheating on a test or exam

Aiding another student in academic dishonestyAiding another student in academic dishonesty Stealing, destroying or tampering with another Stealing, destroying or tampering with another

student’s workstudent’s work

Types of Academic DishonestyTypes of Academic Dishonesty

Preventing another student from completing an Preventing another student from completing an academic taskacademic task

Misrepresenting academic credentialsMisrepresenting academic credentials Submitting false information or false medical Submitting false information or false medical

note to gain a postponement or advantagenote to gain a postponement or advantage Forging, altering or fabricating any McMaster Forging, altering or fabricating any McMaster

documents (transcripts, etc.)documents (transcripts, etc.)

Types of Academic DishonestyTypes of Academic Dishonesty

Impersonating another studentImpersonating another student Providing a false signature for attendance in a Providing a false signature for attendance in a

classclass Research misconduct e.g. fabrication or Research misconduct e.g. fabrication or

falsification of research data, etc.falsification of research data, etc.

Graduate Student NumbersGraduate Student Numbers

Plagiarism:Plagiarism:

“(To) submit academic work that has “(To) submit academic work that has been, entirely or in part, copied from been, entirely or in part, copied from or written by another person without or written by another person without

proper acknowledgement, or, for proper acknowledgement, or, for which previous credit has been which previous credit has been

obtainedobtained””

Academic Integrity Policy, McMaster University, 2006, Page 6.Academic Integrity Policy, McMaster University, 2006, Page 6.

When Work is Not Your OwnWhen Work is Not Your Own

Any idea, concept, fact, phrase, sentence, Any idea, concept, fact, phrase, sentence, or piece of data that you did not create or piece of data that you did not create uniquely for this assignmentuniquely for this assignment Need to indicate it was not your ideaNeed to indicate it was not your idea Needs to be referenced appropriatelyNeeds to be referenced appropriately

When Work is Not Your OwnWhen Work is Not Your Own

The kind of “source” is irrelevant to The kind of “source” is irrelevant to academic integrityacademic integrity Material from the internet, public Material from the internet, public

domain, unpublished documents (yours domain, unpublished documents (yours and others), pictures, graphs, etc., must and others), pictures, graphs, etc., must all be referencedall be referenced

When Your Work is Not UniqueWhen Your Work is Not Unique

If you really want to “recycle” a sentence If you really want to “recycle” a sentence or part of a previous paper, you can, but or part of a previous paper, you can, but you MUST reference yourself and the you MUST reference yourself and the paperpaper

You may want to discuss this with your You may want to discuss this with your professor or supervisor firstprofessor or supervisor first

Referencing Referencing

Don’t create your own systemDon’t create your own system

Be consistent in whatever system you useBe consistent in whatever system you use

Follow the instructions of the instructor in Follow the instructions of the instructor in the course the course

Plagiarism ExercisePlagiarism Exercise

Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources

Peer-reviewed articles go through an extensive Peer-reviewed articles go through an extensive process:process: Generally written by a PhDGenerally written by a PhD Submitted to a journal with high scholarly Submitted to a journal with high scholarly

standardsstandards Reviewed by PhDs in the same field to comment Reviewed by PhDs in the same field to comment

on the value of the articleon the value of the article Published in the journal once deemed to be at the Published in the journal once deemed to be at the

standards of the journalstandards of the journal

Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources

Information on the internet goes through little Information on the internet goes through little to no evaluation or quality controlto no evaluation or quality control Wikipedia is open-source, meaning that anyone Wikipedia is open-source, meaning that anyone

can contribute to a page and information on pages can contribute to a page and information on pages can change dailycan change daily

You must determine who the author of a website is You must determine who the author of a website is to determine the quality of the information on the to determine the quality of the information on the sitesite

Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources

Internet sites for organizations will always reflect Internet sites for organizations will always reflect the mission of the organization (it will be from a the mission of the organization (it will be from a certain point of view). certain point of view).

For example, NASA’s website will reflect For example, NASA’s website will reflect NASA’s stated mission:NASA’s stated mission:

““to pioneer the future in space exploration, to pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research”scientific discovery and aeronautics research”http://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/what_does_nasa_do.htmlhttp://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/what_does_nasa_do.html

Evaluating ResourcesEvaluating Resources

While the NASA website likely has a better While the NASA website likely has a better quality of information than what is on quality of information than what is on Wikipedia, peer-reviewed articles will have Wikipedia, peer-reviewed articles will have the highest quality.the highest quality.

Students must evaluate the resources they use Students must evaluate the resources they use when writing a paper or assignment.when writing a paper or assignment.

Techniques to Avoid Techniques to Avoid Unintentional PlagiarismUnintentional Plagiarism

Don’t cut and paste Don’t cut and paste Separate doing research from writing the Separate doing research from writing the

paperpaper Keep all your reference/research material Keep all your reference/research material

and copies of draftsand copies of drafts 3 column note taking3 column note taking Avoid procrastinationAvoid procrastination

ResourcesResources

MLA or APA ManualsMLA or APA Manuals

RefWorks – found on any McMaster RefWorks – found on any McMaster Library homepageLibrary homepage

Librarians are an excellent resourceLibrarians are an excellent resource

ResourcesResources

Academic Integrity WebsiteAcademic Integrity Website

www.mcmaster.ca/academicintegritywww.mcmaster.ca/academicintegrity

CSD (Centre for Student Development)CSD (Centre for Student Development) Academic SkillsAcademic Skills Writing WorkshopsWriting Workshops ESL (English as a Second Language)ESL (English as a Second Language)

csd.mcmaster.cacsd.mcmaster.ca

ResourcesResources

http://infolit.library.dal.ca/tutorials/QuoteNote/http://infolit.library.dal.ca/tutorials/QuoteNote/

http://www.yorku.ca/tutorial/academic_integrity/indehttp://www.yorku.ca/tutorial/academic_integrity/index.htmlx.html

http://www.ryerson.ca/academicintegrity/tutorial.htmlhttp://www.ryerson.ca/academicintegrity/tutorial.html

http://www.library.ualberta.ca/guides/criticalevaluatihttp://www.library.ualberta.ca/guides/criticalevaluation/index.cfmon/index.cfm

Role of TA’sRole of TA’s