Seventh International Conference on Global Change: Connection to the Arctic

(GCCA-7)

19-20 February, 2007 The Fairbanks Princess Riverside Lodge

Fairbanks, Alaska

Jointly Organized by:

International Arctic Research Center, Fairbanks Alaska National Institute for Polar Research, Tokyo Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tokyo Japan

International Organizing Committee for GCCA-7

Local Organizing Committee:

Larry Hinzman University of Alaska Fairbanks, Chair John Walsh University of Alaska Fairbanks, Secretary Craig Dorman University of Alaska F. Stuart Chapin University of Alaska Fairbanks Glenn Juday University of Alaska Fairbanks Terry Whitledge University of Alaska Fairbanks Vladimir Romanovsky University of Alaska Fairbanks Douglas Kane University of Alaska Fairbanks

Committee of the University Consortium for GCCA

Syun-Ichi Akasofu University of Alaska, Chair Hiroshi Fukunishi Tohoku University Isao Murata Tohoku University Masami Fukuda Hokkaido University Hiroshi Tanaka University of Tsukuba Yutaka Matsumi Nagoya University Hiroshi Kanda National Institute of Polar Research Yojiro Matsuura Forestry & Forest Products Research Institute Minoru Kasahara Hokkaido University Shinichi Urano Hokkaido University Fumiaki Kimata Nagoya University Yasuhiro Murayama National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Noriyuki Tanaka Hokkaido University Yoshinobu Harazono University of Alaska John Walsh University of Alaska Vladimir Romanovsky University of Alaska F. Stuart Chapin University of Alaska Larry Hinzman University of Alaska

Conference Venue

The Fairbanks Princess Riverside Lodge 4477 Pikes Landing Road Fairbanks Alaska 99709

Secretariats

Larry Hinzman International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska Masami Fukuda Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University Hiroshi L. Tanaka Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba

Preface

Seventh International Conference on Global Change: Connection to the Arctic (GCCA-7)

It is our great pleasure to hold the 7th International Conference on Global Change: Connection to the Arctic (GCCA-7) at the International Arctic Research Center (IARC), University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) during 19 to 20 February 2007. The GCCA conferences have been organized by the IARC/UAF and the Committee of the University Consortium for GCCA in order to study and predict the arctic climate change in the context of the recent global warming. The conference is aimed to summarize our understanding of the climate variability and climate change and the goal is extended to find the new directions and perspectives of polar climate investigation. To these purposes, climate experts in a wide variety of relevant disciplines have been invited to present papers and to hold panel and informal discussions.

IARC/UAF is a unique focal point of international climate change research in the Arctic, which

was built in 1999 by the “Common Agenda” between the United States of America and Japan. During the phase of the establishment, two Wadati Conferences were held in 1995 and in 2001 to summarize the research progresses in global change connected to the Arctic. Professors John E. Walsh and Andrey Proshutinsky served as the first and second Wadati Chair Professors, respectively. The summarizing activity was succeeded by the GCCA, organizing the International University Consortium. The first GCCA conference (GCCA-1) was held at Tohoku University in Sendai in August 2000; GCCA-2 at Hokkaido University in Sapporo in January 2001, GCCA-3 at the IARC/UAF in November 2002, GCCA-4 at the Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory of Nagoya University in November 2003, GCCA-5 at the University of Tsukuba in November 2004, GCCA-6 at Miraikan in Tokyo in December 2005, and GCCA-7 here in IARC/UAF.

A preparation for the next stage of the International Conference on Global Change connected to

the Arctic and Subarctic is in progress with a strong support by the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) in Japan. As an organizer of the GCCA from the beginning, we sincerely appreciate the attendants to the GCCA-7, and hope the continuous participation to the International Conference on Global Change connected to the Arctic and Subarctic. Sincerely, Hiroshi L. Tanaka Committee of the University Consortium for the GCCA University of Tsukuba, Japan

Introduction

Seventh International Conference on Global Change: Connection to the Arctic (GCCA-7)

Climate change in the Arctic is real; the verification of a change is apparent throughout the Arctic and Subarctic in a wide variety of environmental components. Very rapidly our world’s population and our political leaders are accepting that realization, and the evidence they most often cite is from the polar regions. Most of our scientists, our agency leaders and many of our policy makers have understood and acknowledged that premise for many years due in a large part to scientific meetings such as this series of conferences entitled Global Change: Connection to the Arctic. Through arduous field studies, intensive numerical analyses and integration and synthesis of a broad array of results, arctic researchers have proven the climate has indeed changed markedly over the last century. But many challenges remain. We must continue to synthesize our study results into a coherent understanding of the arctic system. The complex interplay of physical, chemical, biological and social processes interact to such a degree that it is not possible to understand future trajectories without developing more fully holistic perspectives of the complete system. Arctic researchers must continue to work as collaborators and partners if we hope to reach our common goal of understanding the whole Arctic, the interactions with the more temperate regions and the external drivers. Although it is a bit overwhelming to consider attempting to develop a quantitative understanding of the whole Arctic system, we can work on distinct linkages and associated feedbacks, which will contribute to a broader understanding of the system as a whole. In a collaborative effort with arctic researchers around the world, we can achieve this level of understanding. We are pleased to welcome researchers from Japan, Russia, Canada and across the United States to Alaska to participate in the Seventh International Conference Global Change: Connection to the Arctic (GCCA-7). GCCA conferences have previously been held in Sendai (2000), Sapporo (2001), Fairbanks (2002), Toyokawa (2003), Tsukuba (2004), and Tokyo (2005). This series of conferences have been organized by the member universities of the University Consortium for GCCA in Japan and the International Arctic Research Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks in order to study Arctic climate change, global warming, and to improve our predictive capability for the future changes. The focus of this conference is (1) to synthesize a broad range of arctic research activities to enhance understanding of the linkages among system components (2) to integrate our understanding of the role of the Arctic in the global climate change in order to provide direction for Arctic research for the next decade and (3) to initiate joint research projects among arctic researchers to be conducted during the International Polar Year (IPY) to be held in 2007 to 2009. It is our hope through such cooperation and collaboration, we can achieve the level of understanding needed to be confident in our predictions of future environmental changes in arctic regions. Research results presented here in the Seventh International Conference on Global Change: Connection to the Arctic will help us advance towards that goal. Larry Hinzman Director International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks

Keynote Speaker

Atsumu Ohmura

President, International Glaciological Society Director, World Radiation Monitoring Centre (WCRP, GCOS)

Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science

Special aspects of mass balance of Arctic glaciers in the warming climate

Although the expected temperature rise in the polar regions in this century appears to become very large in terms of annual mean temperature, the change in summer temperature in the Arctic remains small. This is one of the most important and common results coming from most GCM experiments. This rather strange pattern of temperature change is due to the damping effect owing to the sea ice melt over the vast area in the Arctic. According to the transient experiment based on ECHAM5 and IPCC scenario A2, the mean temperature rise for the summer months June, July and August remains within 1 deg C even towards the end of the 21st century for most of the glacierized regions of the Arctic. This aspect puts the future of the Arctic glaciers and their effect to the sea-level rise into a very different situation in comparison with other mountain glaciers and ice caps in middle and lower latitudes.

Table of Contents

1. International Polar Year 2007-2008 page

Oral presentations Takeshi Naganuma and Annick Wilmotte 2

The MERGE: an IPY activity

Katey M. Walter, Guido Grosse, Sergey A. Zimov, Mary Edwards, F. Stuart Chapin III 6 An IPY effort to improve estimates of pan-artic lakes contribution to the global atmospheric CH4 budget

Guido Grosse, Vladimir Romanovsky, Kenji Yoshikawa, Torre Jorgenson, Yuri Shur, Katey Walter, Larry Hinzman, Jerry Brown 8

Circumarctic Thermokarst Assessment - Initiation of an effort to quantify the impacts and feedbacks of permafrost degradation

Olga Lovick 10 Lost in translation: What linguistics has to offer climate research

Amy C. Tidwell and Daniel M. White 12 Water Supply Sensitivity to Climate in Nome, Alaska: A Case Study of the Moonlight Springs Aquifer

Posters Teresa Hollingsworth, Jill Johnstone, F. Stuart Chapin III 13

Changing successional trajectories in Alaskan black spruce forests: Linking pre-fire site characteristics to post-fire successional trajectory

Sebastian H. Mernild 14 Freshwater runoff from eastern Greenland 1997-2005 and 2071-2100

Chris Petrich, Hajo Eicken 18 Fluid dynamics simulations of nutrient availability in Arctic sea ice sheets

Elena B. Sparrow, Jessica H. Robin; Leslie S. Gordon, Kim Morris, Elissa R. Levine, Martha R. Kopplin, Martin O. Jeffries, Rebecca Boger, and David L. Verbyla 19

Engaging pre-college students in the International Polar Year through Earth system science research and education

2. Atmospheric Circulation, Dynamics and Chemistry

Oral presentations

Jia Wang 22 Arctic Dipole Anomaly and its contribution to sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean in the 20th century

Hiroshi L. Tanaka, Shingo Kato, Ippo Suzuki 23 A trial of predicting the Arctic Oscillation index using the barotropic S-model

Nicole Mölders, Zhao Li and Gerhard Kramm 27

Influence of radiative forcing and land-cover changes on precipitation recycling in Alaska and Siberia

Gerhard Kramm, Ralph Dlugi, and Nicole Mölders 30 An Improved blending-height concept for aggregating fluxes of sensible and latent heat, momentum, and carbon dioxide over heterogeneous landscapes

Zhao Li and Nicole Mölders 35 Use of an analysis of variance (ANOVA) for assessing uncertainty in Alaska’s future water cycle caused by land-cover changes and CO2 increases

Posters

Peter Bieniek, Martha Shulski, Gerd Wendler 36 Climate and predictability of Alaskan wildfires

Xingang Fan, John E. Walsh, Jeremy R. Krieger 37 A one-year experimental arctic reanalysis and comparisons with ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses

Devdatta P. Kulkarni and Debendra K. Das 38 Energy savings in heating buildings and reducing atmospheric pollutants using nanofluids

Mio Matsueda, Masayuki Kyouda, H. L. Tanaka and Tadashi Tsuyuki 42 Daily forecast skill of multi-center grand ensemble

V. Tymofeyev 46 Coherent patterns in recent climate changes in both polar regions

Takashi Yamanouchi 50 Trends in cloud amount and radiation at the Arctic and Antarctic stations

Naomi Yokoyama and Hiroshi L. Tanaka 55 Seasonal variation of the Arctic Oscillation

Takao Yoshikane 59 Numerical study for the formation mechanism of the climatic cold region over the east Siberia in December 2005

3. Oceanic Circulation and Sea Ice

Oral presentations

Lawson W. Brigham, Michael S. Timlin and John E. Walsh 64

Bering Strait Region Future Sea Ice Retreat

Hibler, W. D. III, A. Roberts and J. Hutchings 68 The effect of tidal and inertial variability on Arctic sea-ice mass balance

Chris Petrich and Hajo Eicken 69 Fluid dynamics simulations of nutrient availability in Arctic sea ice sheets

Sang Heon Lee 70 Ecological significance in different characteristics of bottom sea ice algae at different regions of the Arctic Ocean

Kohei Mizobata and Jia Wang 71 Phytoplankton dynamics fluctuated by the Ice-Ocean circulation in the Chukuchi and Beaufort Seas

Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Takahiro Iida, Kohei Mizobata and Mitsuhiro Toratani 75 Recent Variability of Coccolithophore Blooms in Eastern Bering Sea Shelf

Posters Uma S. Bhatt, Donald A. Walker, Martha K. Raynolds, Josefino C. Comiso 76 Influence of regional sea ice variability on arctic tundra

David Darbinyan 79 Arctic Ocean halocline inter-annual variability

Hiroyuki Enomoto 80 Trans-Arctic sea ice observation

Sergey Pisarev 81 Interannual variability of the Atlantic derived water penetration into/from the Arctic Basin within the northern margin of the Kara Sea

Oleg M. Pokrovsky 82 A casual link between the eastern arctic ice extent reduction and changes in the

atmospheric circulation regimes over northern Asia Rachel A. Potter, Andrew Bray, Tony D’Aoust, David Musgrave, and Tom Weingartner 86 An application of HF radar in the coastal Beaufort Sea 4. Middle Atmosphere and Space Weather/Geodynamics

Oral presentations

Yasuhiro Murayama 88 The last decade of middle and upper atmosphere observations of Japan-US joint program

Masaki Tsutsumi 89 Radar network observations of polar mesosphere and lower-thermosphere

Yoshihiro Tomikawa, Kaoru Sato, Kazuyuki Miyazaki, Toshiki Iwasaki and Kiyotaka Shibata Modified Lagrangian-mean analysis of stratospheric sudden warmings 92

Minoru Kasahara, Hiroki Miyamachi, Hiroaki Takahashi, Masayoshi Ichiyanagi, Takahiro Maeda, Sen Rak-Se, M.Valentin, V.Bormotov, E.Gordeev, A. Ivashchenko, M.Gerasimenko and L.Gunbina 94

New broad-band seismic network for imaging the stagnant slab beneath the far eastern Russia

Satoshi Miura, Tadahiro Sato, Hiromi Fujimoto, Wenke Sun, J.T. Freymueller, A.Kaufman, R.Cross 95

Geodetic measurements for monitoring rapid crustal uplift in southeast Alaska caused by post-glacial rebound – Outline of the Project -

W. Sun, S. Miura, H. Fujimot, T. Sato, M. Kaufman, R. Cross, and J. Freymueller 98 Geodetic measurements for monitoring rapid crustal uplift in southeast Alaska caused by post-glacial rebound – Absolute gravity measurements

Poster

K. Sakanoi, Y. Murayama, R.L. Collins, and K. Mitzutani 101 Middle atmosphere disturbance in the western arctic during winter

T. Sato, S. Miura, H. Fujimot, W. Sun, M. Kaufman, R. Cross, and J. Freymueller 105 Geodetic measurements for monitoring rapid crustal uplift in southeast Alaska caused by post-glacial rebound - Observation of Gravity Tide at Juneau in Southern Alaska

5. Hydrology and Permafrost

Oral presentations

Fortier, D., Shur, Y., and Allard, M. 108 Will underground thermo-erosion occur more frequently under a warmer climate?

Jessie Cherry 109 Acceleration of the Arctic Water Cycle: evidence from the Lena Basin, Siberia

Tingjun Zhang, Daqing Yang, Oliver W. Frauenfeld, Larry Hinzman, Andrew Etringer, James McCreight, David Gilichinksy, and Roger G. Barry 110

Hydrological Response to Changes in Active Layer and Permafrost Conditions in the Russian Arctic

Sveta Berezovskaya and Douglas L. Kane 112 Representativeness of snow water equivalent measurements for hydrologic applications on Alaska's Arctic Slope

Kazuhisa A. Chikita, Yongwon Kim, Isao Kudo, Daisaku Kido, Kazuki Okada, Yuh-ichi Narita, Tomoyuki Wada 116

Characteristics of Discharge and Sediment load from the Yukon River Basin

Torre Jorgenson 120 Nature and Extent of Permafrost Degradation in Alaska

Posters

Bob Busey 126 Estimating permafrost distribution on Alaska's Seward Peninsula at three time periods: early 20th century, early 21st century and late 21st century

Hiromu Daimaru, Yojiro Matsuura, Takuya Kajimoto and Olga A. Zyryanova 127 Influence of slope landform on the ground thermal regime in Tura, Central Siberia

Koichiro Harada, Yuki Sawada, Kenji Norita, Masami Fukuda 131 Monitoring of permafrost conditions after wildfire in Seward

Peninsula, Alaska

J.W. Harden, K.L. Manies, J. Munster, J.L. Bubier, M. C. Mack 135 Changes in type, cover and production of moss in a fire chronosequence of black spruce in Interior Alaska

Yoshiyuki Ishii, Yuji Kodama, Yongwon Kim, Koichiro Harada, Yuki Sawada, and Masami Fukuda 137 Impacts of wildfire on the hydrological environment in Interior Alaska

Yuji Kodama, Yoshiyuki Ishii, Yong-won Kim 141 Observation of soil CO2 efflux at Poker Flat wildfire burned site in 2005 and 2006

Anna Liljedahl 142 Arctic coastal hydrology over time: Timing, magnitude and direction

Ipshita Majhi and Daqing Yang 143 Hydrology of the Yana Basin in Eastern Siberia

Matt Nolan 147 Climate interactions in arctic Alaska

Jon O'Donnell 148 DOC composition at spring snowmelt and summer baseflow in boreal forest streams of interior Alaska

Yuki Sawada, Koichiro Harada, Yoshiyuki Ishii, Gaku Yamazaki, Yuji Kodama, Kenji Norita, Shiro Tsuyuzaki, Masami Fukuda 149 Possible thermal and Hydrological changes on permafrost and active layer

Igor Semiletov, N. Shakhova, O. Dudarev, D. White, C. Belzile, I. Pipko, and A. Charkin 153 Transport and fate of the terrestrial particulate material and organic carbon derived from thawed permafrost in the East-Siberian Sea and adjacent part of the Laptev Sea

Natalia Shakhova and Igor Semiletov 157 Geochemical and geophysical evidence of methane venting on the Laptev shallow shelf

Tomoyuki Wada, Kazuhisa A. Chikita, Isao Kudo, Daisaku Kido, Yu-ichi Narita 161 Discharge, sediment load and chemistry in the Tanana River, Alaska

Daqing Yang, Douglas Kane, Sveta Berezovskaya, Baisheng Ye 165 Hydrologic Changes In The Large Northern Watersheds after the 2004 Boundary fire in Poker Flat Research Range, Interior Alaska

6. Arctic System Model

Oral presentations John Cassano 168

Atmospheric Response to Predicted Changes in Arctic Sea Ice Cover During the 21st Century

William J. Gutowski, Jr., Helin Wei, Charles J. Vörösmarty and Balázs Fekete 169 Influence of Arctic Wetlands on Arctic Atmospheric Circulation

Wieslaw Maslowski 173

Arctic Sea Ice Cover Change or Arctic System Change? Focus on Response to Forcing and Impact on Global Climate

J. Zhang 174 Dynamical Downscaling of Climate for Driving Glacier Mass Balances: Verification

P.H. Larsen, O.S. Goldsmith, and M.L. Wilson 175 A probabilistic model to estimate the value of Alaska public infrastructure at risk from climate change

Debasish Pai Mazumder, Zhao Li and Nicole Mölders 179 Evaluation of soil temperature climatology derived from simulations with the fully coupled Community Climate System Model version 3.0 over Russia

Posters

Stefanie M. Bourne, Uma S. Bhatt, Jing Zhang 182 Evaluation of surface-based temperature inversions Fairbanks, Alaska, in regional and global climate models

7. Ice Sheets, Glaciers and Paleoclimate

Oral presentations

Chris Larsen 188 Light aircraft altimetry measurements from 2006, Icy Bay and eastern St. Elias Mountains, Alaska

Reginald R. Muskett, Craig S. Lingle, Jeanne M. Sauber, Bernhard T. Rabus, and Wendell V. Tangborn 189

Acceleration of Thinning of the Tidewater Glaciers of Icy Bay, Alaska, from InSAR DEMs and ICESat Laser Altimetry

Wendell V. Tangborn, Jing Zhang, Craig S. Lingle, Uma Bhatt 193 Increasing temperature departures, rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations and decreasing glacier mass

M. Truffer1, M. Fahnestock2, J. Amundson1, R. Motyka 197 Velocity variations on Jakobshavns Isbræ: Long term trends and short-term variations

Regine Hock 198 Global glacier mass losses and mass balance sensitivities assessed from observations and gridded climate data

Poster Daisaku Kido, Kazuhisa A. Chikita, Yuihchi Narita, Tomoyuki Wada 199

Characteristics of water discharge and sediment load from Gulkana Glacier, Alaska

Kazue Suzuki, Takashi Yamanouchi, Naohiko Hirasawa, and Hideaki Motoyama 203 Moisture transport to Syowa Station and Dome Fuji Station, Antarctica 8. Arctic Ecosystem and Fire Impacts

Oral presentations

A. Osawa, T. Kajimoto, Y. Matsuura, A.P. Abaimov, O.A. Zyryanova, N. Tokuchi, M. Hirobe, K. Kondo, Y. Nakai, H. Daimaru, A.S. Prokushkin, A.V. Volokitina, and M.A. Sofronov 208

Age sequence of stand structure, carbon accumulation and allocation, and net primary production in permafrost larch (Larix gmelinii) ecosystems in Siberia: current knowledge and future study

Teresa Hollingsworth, Jill Johnstone, F. Stuart Chapin III 212 Changing successional trajectories in Alaskan black spruce forests: Linking pre-fire site characteristics to post-fire successional trajectory

Naoko Tokuchi, Muneto Hirobe, Kazuma Kondo, Satoru Hobara, Eri Mizumachi, Yojiro Matsuura, Takuya Kajimoto, Anatoly P. Abaimov, Oliga A.Zyryanova, and Akira Osawa 213 Nitrogen cycling in larch forests on permafrost in central Siberia

Kyle Joly & Randi R. Jandt 217 The unidirectional influences of wildfire, disturbance by caribou, global climate change and shrub expansion on arctic ecosystems

Tomoaki Morishita 221 CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes from a larch forest soil in Siberia

Scott Rupp 224 Climate-fire-vegetation interactions and their effects on forest composition and ecosystem services

Posters

Masako Dannoura And Mayuko Jomura 225 The change of CO2 efflux from CWD and root after forest fire in central Alaska

Eugenie Euskirchen 229 Energy feedbacks of northern high latitude ecosystems to the climate system due to reduced snow cover during 20th century warming

Masami Fukuda 230 Outline of research activity of joint study on impact of 2004 Alaskan large forest fire on terrestrial environment between Hokkaido Univ. and UAF in 2006

Hiroshi Hayasaka and Randi Jandt 231 Recent Alaskan forest fires under climate change

Muneto Hirobe, Satoru Hobara, Naoko Tokuchi, and Yojiro Matsuura 232 Effects of unburned moss island on local soil properties in a burned black spruce forest in interior Alaska

Satoru Hobara And Muneto Hirobe 235 Fire effects on DOC and metal concentrations in an Alaskan boreal forest

Mayuko Jomura and Masako Dannoura 239 Spatial distribution and decomposition process in coarse and fine organic matter caused by forest fire

Takuya Kajimoto, Aira Osawa, Yojiro Matsuura, Anatoly P. Abaimov, Olga A. Zyryanova, Naoko Tokuchi, Muneto Hirobe, Kazuma Kondo, Yuichiro Nakai, Hiromu Daimaru, Anatoly S. Prokushkin, Alexandra V. Volokitina, Mark A. Sofronov 243

Age-sequence of stand structure, carbon accumulation and allocation, and net primary production in permafrost larch (Larix gmelinii) ecosystems in Siberia: current knowledge and future study

Norihisa Kamibayashi 244 Detection of forest decline in Alaska

Eric S. Kasischke, Merritt R. Turetsky, Evan S. Kane, Roger Ottmar, and A. David 245 Factors controlling organic-layer consumption in Alaskan black spruce forests

Yongwon Kim and Noriyuki Tanaka 249 Winter fluxes of CO2 and CH4 in boreal forest soils of central Alaska: implications for the regional carbon budget

David R. Klein 253 Polar bears on Bering Sea islands: Holocene climate change influences

Lina Koyama, Naoko Tokuchi, Muneto Hirobe, Satoru Hobara, Karl Olson and Knut Kieland Plant response to biogeochemical shifts in Nitrogen dynamics follwing wild fire 254

Yojiro Matsuura. Takuya Kajimoto. Yuichiro Nakai, Akira Osawa, Tokomaki Morishita, Olga A. Zyryanova, Anatoly P. Abaimov 258

Carbon budget in a larch (Larix gmelinii) ecosystem of continuous permafrost region in central Siberia

David McGuire 262 Integrating regional changes in climate feedbacks of arctic terrestrial ecosystems

Yuichiro Nakai, Yojiro Matsuura, Takuya Kajimoto, Olga A. Zyryanova and Susumu Yamamoto Water and CO2 exchange at a Gmelin larch forest on continuous permafrost of central Siberia during growing seasons 263

Kyotaro Noguchi 262 Effects of wildfire on fine-root biomass in a black spruce forest

Timothy Shilling Susan D. Hazlett 268 Proposed model of terrestrial and marine linkages in glacial and post-glacial fjords

Masaki Uchida, Naoko Kan, Shinpei Yoshitake, Takayuki Nakatsubo, Hiroshi Kanda and Hiroshi Koizumi 272 CO2 emission from plant litter during winter on a High Arctic glacier foreland

Takeshi Ueno, Takashi Osono and Hiroshi Kanda 276 Inter- and intra-specific variations of the chemical properties of high-Arctic mosses along water regime gradients

Shinpei Yoshitake, Masaki Uchida, Takayuki Nakatsubo, Hiroshi Koizumi, Hiroshi Kanda 279 Soil respiration in a High Arctic glacier foreland in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard: Is it limited by low carbon and nitrogen availability?

9. Remote Sensing of Environmental Change

Oral presentations

Nettie La Belle-Hamer 284 Alaska Satellite Facility: A Data Provider’s Perspective on the Challenges Facing Climate Research

Masahito Ueyama and Yoshinobu Harazono 286 Satellite observation of ecosystem productivity over Alaskan black spruce forests

Mitsuhiro Toratani 287 Distribution of chlorophyll-a concentration around mouth of Yukon River

Kyle McDonald 288 Variability in frozen and thawed seasons in the terrestrial high latitudes: Characterization with spaceborne microwave remote sensing

Koji Nakau, Masami Fukuda, Keiji Kushida, Hiroshi Hayasaka, Hiroshi Tani, Keiji Kimura and Yumiko Nagamine 289 Validation of wild fire detection algorithm in boreal area

Rikie Suzuki 293 Preliminary analysis on interannual response of global NDVI for precipitation, temperature, and radiation

Posters

Yoshinobu Harazono, Nana Nishida, Yoshiaki Kitaya, Masahito Ueyama and Walter C. Oechel Application of Greenery Ratio (Visible Trichromatic Strengths) to Estimate Stand Scale 297

CO2 Budget

Masahiro Hori, Teruo Aoki, Knut Stamnes, and Wei Li 298 Spatial and seasonal evolution of satellite-derived snow physical parameters in the Arctic regions in 2003

John S. Kimball 300 Satellite detection of recent drought-induced decline in vegetation productivity for the pan-Arctic basin and Alaska

Shizuka Kimura, Hiroyuki Enomoto, Tomonori Tanikawa, Ryo Toshiro, Yongwon Kim, and Yoshihiko Saito 301 Satellite observations of snow cover, melting and property changes over Alaska

Isao Murata, Hideaki Nakajima, and Hiroshi Fukunishi 304 Adjustment of optics for the height retrieval from ground-based solar spectra