session 2 - amazon s3 › public-juniorachievement-org › student › documents › ...elementary...

Session 2

To Borrow or Not To Borrow

JA Worldwide®

Excellence through EthicsElementary School, Session 2

1

Excellence through EthicsElementary School

Session 2

To Borrow or Not To Borrow

Content: Ethics and Best Borrowing PracticesMethods: Scenarios and Discussion

JA Foundational Pillars: Ethics and Financial Literacy

JA Worldwide®


2

ContentsGuide for Volunteers and Teachers .........................................................................................................3

Student Handout ....................................................................................................................................8-9

Appendix .............................................................................................................................................14-20

Volunteer and Teacher Welcome ........................................................................................................14

Program Introduction and Overview ..................................................................................................15

Program Acknowledgements ..............................................................................................................18

Excellence through Ethics Pilot Cities ...............................................................................................19

Excellence through Ethics Evaluation ................................................................................................20

AcknowledgementsSponsorshipJA Worldwide ® (Junior Achievement) gratefully acknowledges Deloitte & Touche USA LLP for its commitment to the development and implementation of the supplementary program Excellence through Ethics. JA Worldwide appreciates its relationship with Deloitte & Touche USA LLP to develop and implement vital and innovative programs designed to foster ethical decision-making skills.

JA Worldwide®


3

To Borrow or Not To BorrowOverviewStudents will examine the act of borrowing money. They will view the process from the perspective of the borrower and the lender, and address the impact it may have on others who were not directly involved.

ObjectivesStudents will be able to: •Expressthemeaningsanddifferencesbetweenthetermsborrow,loan,anddebt. •Distinguishbetweencircumstancesandsituationsinwhichborrowingmoneyisethical

or unethical, in addition to understanding the legal implications. •Addresstheethicalandlegalobligationstorepayadebtandconsequencesassociated

with failure to do so.

PreparationReview the activity. Prepare the necessary copies and session materials.

Group work is incorporated into this session. You may consult with the teacher to determine how best to form the groups.

PostKeyTermsanddefinitionsinavisibleplace. •Ethics: The standards that help determine what is good, right, and proper. •Borrow: To receive or obtain something with the intention of returning it. •Lend/Loan: To give out something for temporary use. •Debt: Something owed.

Recommended TimeThis session typically takes 45 minutes to complete. Ask the teacher to help you keep track of time.

Materials• FailuretoRepayFlowchart1(1perstudent)• FailuretoRepayFlowchart2(1perstudent)• EthicalBorrowingScenarios:TheBorrowers(1pereveryotherstudent)• EthicalBorrowingScenarios:TheLenders(1pereveryotherstudent)

PresentationIntroduction (5 minutes)

Greet the students.

Ask the teacher if you may borrow a marker, drawing students’ attention to the exchange. When you accept the marker from the teacher, write the session title—To Borrow or Not to Borrow—on the board or poster paper, explaining to the students that this lesson will examine the act of borrowing money.

JA Worldwide®


4

Drawtwostickfiguresontheboardorposterpaper.Drawadollarsignbetweenthetwopeople,connecting them to each other. Write the word Borrower below one person and the word Lender below the other. Explain that when one person decides to borrow money, they are connecting, at least, one otherpersonintotheirfinanciallife.Thepersonwholoansyouthemoneyistiedtoyouuntilyoupaythemoneyback.Definetheworddebt: the debt is the amount of money the borrower owes.

ActivityThings to Consider before Borrowing Money (15 minutes)

Begin by asking students what it means to borrow. Answers will vary. Remind the students that you have just modeled the process of borrowing — taking the marker from the teacher. Ask students to compare borrowing a marker to borrowing money. Emphasize that this session is focused on borrowing money as opposed to borrowing items or merchandise. Guide a short discussion about the purpose of borrowing and how it should be used in times of true need. Being mindful of ethics when borrowing money means the borrower accepts money with the intent to be responsible and behave appropriately, and have a repayment plan that they share with the lender. If an unavoidable situation occurs in which the borrower cannot repay in the agreed time period as promised, the appropriate action is to immediately inform the lender,apologizeforanyinconveniencecaused,andfindanalternativesolutionasquicklyaspossible.

There is much to consider before borrowing money. Although every situation involving borrowing money varies (i.e., terms of agreement and timelines), generally, ethical borrowers accept loans when they feel it is completely necessary and immediately repayable.

Discussthefollowinglistofthingstoconsiderbeforerequestingaloan: •DoIowemoneyalready(tothispersonand/orothers)?Willthisaffectmyabilityto

repaythisdebt? •WhenwillIbeabletorepaythisdebt?Isthistimeframeacceptableforthepersonloaningmethe

money?AmIabsolutelysureIwillhavethemoney? •DoIreallyneedthis“thing”rightnoworcanIwaittopurchaseitafterIsavemoney?Isitbetter

tohavethisitem/servicerightnowortohavenodebthangingovermyhead? •Howwillborrowingthismoneyaffectthepersonloaningittome?Willthisbeahardshipon

them?Isthisfinancialhardshipworthmyneedforthismoney? •CanIrememberandkeeptrackofmydebtandmyrepayment?CanImakesureIrememberto

|payallthedebttothisperson,especiallyifIammakinginstallmentpayments? •Whatwillhappenifsomethingunexpectedoccurs,suchasanemergency,andIcannot

paythedebtontime?

Explainthatthisfinalquestionisatrickyconsiderationbecausewecannotpredictthefuture.Unforeseencircumstances could inhibit repayment of debts. Although, ethically you should always repay borrowed money,whatcouldhappenifyouareunabletodoso?

JA Worldwide®


5

Explaintothestudentstheconsequencesfortheborrower: •Youmostlikelywillfeelguiltyandburdened. •Non-repaymentcouldbeconsideredstealing,whichcouldhavelegalrepercussions. •Yourcreditrecordwillbeaffected.Thepersonyouborrowedfromwillnotwanttoloanyou

money again. When word of this spreads, companies that loan money may post this information, anditcanbeextremelydifficulttoborrowagain.Thiscanaffectyourabilitytogetajob,orpurchase a house or car.

•Ifthelenderisafriendorfamilymember,issuesoftrustmaycreateproblemsinyourrelationship.

Consequencesforthelender: •Theywillnothavethemoneytheyexpectedtoreceive,whichcouldcausethemfinancial

hardship. This might be especially true if they had plans for the money, such as paying a bill or purchasing a gift.

•A“snowballeffect”mayoccur,meaningthatyournon-repaymentcouldseriously impact other people who expected to have money by a particular time. Let’s look at the flowcharttoexplorethisconcept.

Restate the fact that borrowing money is a more complicated process than most people realize. In order for someone to be an ethical borrower, they must take many different elements into consideration.

Pass out Failure to Repay Flowchart 1.

Talkthroughthefirstflowchartusingtheexampleofthe$100loan.Encouragediscussionabouthoweachbubblerepresentsapersonalconsequence.

Pass out Failure to Repay Flowchart 2.

Discussthissecondflowchart,explainingthatthefocushereisonbusinesslosses,andconsequences,ratherthanpersonallosses,asinthepreviousexample.Statethatthisflowchartisanimaginaryscenario,and that many large companies set aside funds to cover a certain amount of loss; however, suppose 500 Sparklescustomersdidnotpaytheirbillinagivenmonth?Thecompanywouldbestrainedfinanciallyand might have to make up losses by letting employees go, or raising the price of their product.

ActivityEthical Borrowing Scenarios (20 minutes)

DefinethefollowingKeyTermsforstudents: •Borrow: To receive or obtain something with the intention of returning it. •Lend/Loan: To give out something for temporary use. •Debt: Something owed. •Ethics: The standards that help determine what is good, right, and proper.

Discuss with students that during the next activity, you will divide the class in half: one half will represent the borrower, the other, the lender. You will read scenarios addressing ethics, and borrowing and lending money. Using the information discussed in this lesson, the students will decide whether the circumstance would allow for borrowing money ethically.

JA Worldwide®


6

Divide the class and identify the side each half will represent.

Tell the students that you will read through each scenario, giving them a few minutes to record their ideas before discussing. Tell them to be sure to provide solid explanations for their decisions. Encourage students to hone in on their own ethical standpoints regarding borrowing and lending money.

Pass out Ethical Borrowing Scenarios: The Borrowers, and Ethical Borrowing Scenarios: The Lenders, to each half of the class.Readthefirstscenarioaloud.Allowstudents2-3minutestorereadandrecordtheirideas.

Facilitateafriendly“whatwouldyoudo”discussionstartingwiththe“borrowers,”thenmoveontothe“lenders.”Ifstudentsdisagree,remindthemthatthisisokay,astheyareexpressingtheirownstandpoint.Helpstudentsdebatecalmlybyaskingthemtofocusontherationalebehindtheirdecisions.

Continue this format for the remainder of the scenarios.

Summary and Review (5 minutes)

Close the activity by commending the students on their work. Point out that many of us change our views and ideas about borrowing money from situation to situation. This is true of life. Ethical borrowers carefully consider their personal situation before accepting money. Sometimes, circumstancesallowforaneasytransaction;othertimes,borrowingmoneycanbeamoredifficultprocess. It is best to borrow only if you are truly in need, have exhausted other means, and can repay the lender in a timely manner.

Thank the students for their participation.

JA Worldwide®


7

Session OutlineIntroduction •Greetthestudents. •Discusstheprocessofborrowing,includingthefollowingterms:borrower,lender,debt.Focus

on the ethical considerations the borrower must take into account when deciding when and why to borrow money.

•PassoutFailuretoRepayFlowchart1anddiscuss. •PassoutFailuretoRepayFlowchart2anddiscuss.

Activity •Dividetheclassinhalf. •PassoutEthicalBorrowingScenarios:TheBorrowers,toonehalfofthestudents,andEthical

Borrowing Scenarios: The Lenders, to the other half. •Readeachscenarioandallowstudentstorespondtotheirpositioninwriting. •Facilitateaninteractive“whatwouldyoudo”discussionfocusingonwhetherornottheborrower

should ask for money and whether or not the lender should loan the money.

Summary and Review •Brieflyreviewthevocabularyintroducedinthesession. •Ethicalborrowerstakeintoaccountmanyconsiderationsbeforeborrowingmoney,andunderstand

that they have a responsibility to repay what they borrowed in a timely and honest manner. •Thankthestudentsfortheirparticipation.

JA Worldwide®


8

Failu

re to

Rep

ay F

low

char

t 1:

How

You

r Dec

isio

ns Im

pact

Oth

ers

You

don

’t

repa

y $1

00

to f

rien

d

Fri

end

is s

hort

th

e $1

00 o

wed

Fri

end

ca

n’t

pay

$25

for

scho

ol b

ooks

Fri

end

ca

n’t

buy

$25

gift

for

sis

ter

Fri

end

is

late

pay

ing

for

$25

mag

azin

e su

bscr

ipti

on

Fri

end

ca

n’t

pay

$25

phon

e bi

ll

Sist

er’s

fee

lings

ar

e hu

rtP

hone

may

be

cut

off

Fri

end

borr

ows

$25

from

mom

to

buy

gif

t la

te

birt

hday

gif

t fo

r si

ster

Pho

ne

com

pany

is s

hort

th

e m

oney

Len

der

mus

t no

w b

uy t

atte

red,

us

ed b

ooks

Len

der

mis

ses

two

clas

s as

sign

men

ts

Subs

crip

tion

is

sus

pend

ed.

Mus

t no

w

pay

mor

e to

re-a

ctiv

ate

JA Worldwide®


9

You

bo

rrow

m

oney

fro

m

mom

and

yo

u do

n’t

pay

her

back

Now

, mom

ca

n’t

pay

the

Spar

kles

w

ater

bill

Spar

kles

can

’t

pay

the

Wat

er

Pur

ifica

tion

P

lant

Spar

kles

can

’t

pay

the

Bot

tle

Com

pany

Spar

kles

can

’t

pay

its

empl

oyee

s

Spar

kles

can

’t

pay

the

Del

iver

y C

ompa

ny

Bot

tle

Com

pany

can

’t

pay

for

the

plas

tic

Del

iver

y C

ompa

ny c

an’t

pa

y th

e tr

uck

driv

ers

Bot

tle

Com

pany

can

’t

pay

its

empl

oyee

s

Del

iver

y C

ompa

ny c

an’t

pa

y fo

r ga

s fo

r th

e tr

ucks

Wat

er

Pur

ifica

tion

P

lant

can

’t p

ay

its

empl

oyee

s

Wat

er

Pur

ifica

tion

P

lant

can

’t

pay

for

the

puri

ficat

ion

supp

lies

Spar

kles

’ em

ploy

ees

can’

t pa

y th

eir

bills

Failu

re to

Rep

ay F

low

char

t 2:

How

You

r Dec

isio

ns Im

pact

Oth

ers

H S

park

les

is a

n im

agin

ary

com

pany

that

pro

vide

s dr

inki

ng w

ater

to h

omes

an

d bu

sine

sses

.

JA Worldwide®


10

Ethical Borrowing Scenarios: The Borrowers What Would You Do?

1. Johnny loves to buy snacks from the market down the street from his house. Today, he wanted to buy snacks, but he knows he needs to buy a new notebook for his science project. Histeacheraskedeveryonetobringtheirownnotebooktoclassinordertorecordproceduresandobservationsthroughoutthemonth-longscienceunitonthewatercycle.Hecheckshissavings and realizes there is no money in it – he spent his entire allowance at the movies last weekend.Hewon’treceivehis$10allowancefortwomoredays.Hecouldasktoborrowthe$2he needs from his older brother, Doug, who always has extra money from an after-school job. Johnnythenremembershealreadyaskedhimformoneyforsnacksthisweek.Heowesbothbrothers$5,andheoweshissister$2.

ShouldJohnnyasktoborrowmoney?Whyorwhynot?Explaintheethicalconsiderations. __________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

2. Lana’s mother usually packs a lunch for her to take to school; however, today she gave Lana $2.50forhertobuylunchfromtheschoolcafeteria.Thiswasaspecialtreat,becauseLana’sfamily doesn’t have much extra money. Lana doesn’t get an allowance, but her parents try to give her treats from time to time. As Lana moved through the lunch line, she noticed that the school offers baked treats for an additional price. Lana knows she has only enough money to pay for lunch,butshecan’ttakehereyesoffthegiant,chocolatechipcookie.HerfriendKatiealwayshas extra money and may spend it as she pleases. Sometimes, she gives it to her friends on the playground; she often she loses it. Lana considers borrowing from Katie, but she doesn’t know when her parents would be able to give her the money to pay Katie back; sometimes they have extra money, and sometimes they don’t.

ShouldLanaaskKatietoborrowmoneyforacookie?Whyorwhynot?Explainthe ethical considerations. ________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

JA Worldwide®


11

3. Every Friday, the student store opens after school to sell a variety of snacks. All the students race to the store after dismissal. As usual, Justin moves up and down the line looking at the money in allthekids’hands.LisaleansovertoBobbie,“LookatJustinlookingformoneyagain!HeneverbringsmoneyonFridays.It’ssoannoying.”

Bobbieanswers,“Yeah,buthedoesalwayspaypeoplebackonMondayorTuesday.”

“Iknow,”Lisaresponds,“butstill…ifhehasthemoneyathome,whydoesn’thejust bringitonFridays?”

Lastweek,Justinborrowed$2fromJoeyforanicecreamsandwich,andtheweekbeforehe borrowed$4fromDeiontobuynachos.Bothtimes,hereturnedthemoneythefollowingMonday.Today,heislookingfor$1.50tobuyHotCheetos.Deioniswalkingawayfromthecashiercarefullycountinghischange.HeisexcitedaboutgoingtothearcadeonSaturdaytoplayhis favorite games. Justin considers asking Deion for a loan.

ShouldJustinasktoborrowmoney?Whyorwhynot?Explaintheethicalconsiderations. ___________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

JA Worldwide®


12

Ethical Borrowing Scenarios: The Lenders What Would You Do?

1.Doughasanafter-schooljobworkingatafast-foodrestaurant.Heworksthreedaysduringtheweekandoneweekendday.HeloveshavingextramoneytospendonvideogamesandCDs.Heusuallyhasextramoneyleftoverfromhispaychecks,whichhekeepsinsavings.Heisnotsavingthe money for anything in particular, but he knows that as he gets older, he will need to support himself.HislittlebrotherJohnnygetsanallowance,butitspendsitprettyquickly.ThisweekJohnnyspenthisentireallowanceatthemovietheater.Hewantedtohavefun,butnow,hehad nomoneyuntilthenextallowanceday.Healreadyhadtoborrowmoneythreetimesthisweek tobuysnacks.Heowesbothhisbrothers$5,andheoweshissister$2.Today,hesayshehastobuyanotebookforschool.Hewantstoborrow$2fromDougtobuythenotebookheneedsforascience lesson that begins tomorrow.

ShouldDougloanJohnnythemoney?Whyorwhynot?Explaintheethicalconsiderations. ________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2.Lana’smotherusuallypacksheralunchtotaketoschool;however,todayshegaveLana$2.50 to buy lunch from the school cafeteria. This was a special treat, because Lana’s family doesn’t have much extra money. Lana doesn’t get an allowance, but her parents try to give her treats from time to time. Lana has only enough money to pay for the lunch, but she really wants a giant, chocolate chip cookie. Katie is one of Lana’s best friends. She always buys her lunch and has plenty left over; however, Katie is irresponsible with her money and often spends it on things she doesn’t need. Lana decides to ask Katie for a loan to buy the cookie.

ShouldKatieloanLanathemoney?Whyorwhynot?Explaintheethicalconsiderations. __________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

JA Worldwide®


13

3. Every Friday, the student store opens after school to sell a variety of snacks. All the students race to the store after dismissal. As usual, Justin is moving up and down the line looking at the money inallthekids’hands.LisaleansovertoBobbie,“LookatJustinlookingformoneyagain!HeneverbringsmoneyonFridays.It’ssoannoying.”

Bobbieanswers,“Yeah,buthealwayspayspeoplebackonMondayorTuesday.”

“Iknow,”Lisaresponds,“Butstill…ifhehasthemoneyathomewhydoesn’the justbringitonFridays?”

Lastweek,Justinborrowed$2fromJoeyforanicecreamsandwich,andtheweek,beforehe borrowed$4fromDeiontobuynachos.Bothtimes,hereturnedthemoneythefollowingMonday.Deioniswalkingawayfromthecashiercarefullycountinghischange.HeisexcitedaboutgoingtothearcadeonSaturdaytoplayhisfavoritegames.Hejustboughtanicecreamsandwichandhasover$8lefttospendatthearcade.Heprobablywon’tneedthatmuchtoplayallhisfavoritegames, but maybe he would spend the extra money on some of the other games. Just then, Justin askshimtoborrow$1.50tobuyHotCheetos.

ShouldDeionloanJustinthemoney?Whyorwhynot?Explaintheethicalconsiderations. _________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

JA Worldwide®


14

AppendixWelcome to Junior Achievement’s

Excellence through Ethics

As a Junior Achievement (JA) volunteer or teacher, you are joining other teachers and volunteers fromacrosstheUnitedStatesinprovidingstudentswithauniqueeducationalexperience.JuniorAchievement’s Excellence through Ethics offers students learning opportunities to share knowledge and information regarding ethics in business. JA strives to show students how business works, and to better evaluate organizations that conduct their operations in the right way.

Excellence through Ethicsisdesignedtoequipvolunteersandteacherswithsupplemental,ethics-basedactivities for use with JA in-class programs for grades four through twelve. All these activities provide students with current and essential information about business ethics.

These activities are designed to reinforce students’ knowledge and skills, teach them how to make ethical decisions, assist them in learning to think critically, and help them to be better problem-solvers. All the activities are hands-on, interactive, and group-focused to present the material to students with the best instructional methods.

Withinthesesupplements,youwillfindsectionstohelpyoueffectivelyimplementtheactivitiesinyourvolunteerexperience.Materialsinclude:(a)anintroductorydiscussionofbusinessethics,marketplaceintegrity, and the growing capacity of students for ethical decision-making; (b) activities and student materials that connect to and expand current classroom-based Junior Achievement programs; and (c)afunctionalglossaryoftermsrelatingtoawidespectrumofethics,quality,service,andsocialresponsibility considerations in business.

JA greatly appreciates your support of these important and exciting activities. If you have comments about the Excellence through Ethics program content, curriculum, and/orinstruction,pleaseaccesshttp://studentcenter.ja.org/aspx/LearnEthics/andchoosethe“Excellence through EthicsSurvey”linklocatedinthemiddleofthepage.

JA Worldwide®


15

AppendixIntroduction and Overview

•HowdoIdotherightthinginthissituation? •ShouldIbecompletelyhonest,evenifitputsothersinjeopardy? •Whatkindofcommunitydowewanttobe? •Howdowedowhat’sbestforthelongterm? •Whoshouldcoverthecostof“doingtherightthing”?

Theseareallquestionshavingtodowithbusinessethics.Theyarevalidandnecessaryquestions,andgood business people have asked them for generations. They form the backdrop of vital discussions as business,community,andpoliticalleadersgrapplewithsignificantissues.Manystudentswouldaskthesequestions,evenifJuniorAchievementhadn’tdevelopedthisethicscurriculum.

Business Ethics Discussions Are Here To Stay

Business ethics has been in the spotlight for much of the past decade, especially as examples of wrongdoing come to light in the media. New technologies and international competitive pressures cause asteadyfocusonthequestion,“Isitpossibletobecompetitivelysuccessfulinbusinesstodayandstilloperateinanhonestandethicalmanner?”Thepastdecadehasseenindividualssearchfordeeperpersonal meaning in the workplace, which has contributed to lively ethics discussions in the business realm. For these reasons, the discussion of business ethics is not a passing fad; it’s here to stay.

Manygraduateschoolsofbusinesshaveeitherrequiredethicscourseworkorintegratedethicsprinciples throughout all areas of study. That is commendable. We believe this vital area of exposure and instruction also should happen at earlier ages and continue throughout the students’ educational journey.Manyoftoday’sstudentshaven’thadaccesstoawell-roundededucationineconomicsandfree enterprise or have come to see these in a very negative light. They have limited awareness of the extent to which good business leaders engage in the challenging exercises of ethical decision-making amid heavy competitive pressures. As students learn the general principles of economics and business, it’s critical that these be underpinned with a strong foundation in ethics. This will accentuate the best in American business traditions, while laying the groundwork for students’ continued evolution into future generations of leaders.

Integrity in the Marketplace?

Manyadultsandyoungpeoplechoosetobelievethatthemarketplaceisdrivenonlybygreed.Theyview it as bringing out only the worst in human behavior, demoralizing the human spirit, and driving out any sense of idealism. While elements of greed and extreme self-interest among some individuals cannot be denied, solid research has shown time and again that companies with a long-term focus on ethicsandabroadconsiderationofstakeholders’interestsaremuchmoreprofitablethanthoselackingsuch a focus.

James A. Autry, in his book LoveandProfit:TheArtofCaringLeadership,saiditwell:“Idonotdoubtthe presence of greed in the marketplace because I do not doubt the presence of greed in people. But, I also do not doubt the ennobling aspects of work, of the workplace, of the community, of endeavor, of

JA Worldwide®


16

Appendixthe marketplace. So I choose to believe that most of the marketplace is driven by people who want to do goodworkforothersandforthemselves.”

Excellence through Ethics accepts the challenge of educating youth in the basics of economics and business while establishing a positive balance on the side of well-informed, ethical business practice. This may appear to place a heavy burden on Junior Achievement volunteers, who are not trained ethics experts. The following informational pages will not turn you into an ethics expert. That’s not what we’re striving for here. What students need most is meaningful interaction with people who are willing to engage in a discussion of these vital issues.

Lively Practitioners Rather Than Dry Theorists

This program is more about day-to-day ethics practice than the nuances of ethics theory. Some believethatworkinginbusinessrequiresadisconnectfromone’spersonalethics.Wedonotbelieve this is the case. Students need to know that what they learn about fairness and honesty in general also appliestobusiness.Whilebusinessethicsmayaddresssomespecificareasofbusinesspractice,it’s not a separate and distinct specialty to be set apart from the general ethical principles that apply in other areas of life. Young people need to encounter the wisdom of age and experience that volunteers bring to the classroom.

Students’ Growing Capacity for Ethical Decision-Making

Excellence through Ethics is designed to foster discussions at the appropriate level for each age group. The curriculum developers have designed the ethics activities with sensitivity to student’s mental maturity. At the late elementary and middle-grades levels, students’ capacities for ethical reasoning tend toward good personal behavior as determined by adult rules and authority. In relationships, personal trust, loyalty, and respect are of paramount importance. For these students, corporate ethical behavior is viewed in much the same light as their own personal behavior: it’s governed by rules.

As students advance into high school, their ethical decision-making moves into the larger arena of socialcontractsandsystemsthatguideandgovernsocietalandgroupbehavior.Heretherationalityandutility of laws are scrutinized, as students become more capable of higher-ordered, principled thinking. Students are increasingly aware of the diversity of values among different cultures and communities. At this level, students’ capacities for processing the complex, ethical dilemmas that may be encountered in business are greatly enhanced.

Youwillgainconfidenceasyoucometorealizethatconductingarobust,provocativediscussionwithstudentsismoreimportantthan“havingtherightanswer.”Theactivitieshavebeendesignedtoleaveroomforlivelydiscussionandmultiplepointsofview.Havingthecouragetoshareyourownexperiences is very valuable to students.

JA Worldwide®


17

AppendixYou don’t have to apologize for the excesses students may see in business. Don’t assume responsibility for actions that are not your own, and do not try to defend the indefensible. While accentuating the fact that most businesses operate ethically, it’s okay to scrutinize the unethical players in the marketplace who give business in general a bad name.

Continuing Education

Teaching this material to students will no doubt strengthen and enhance your own ethics awareness and continuingeducation.Somestudentswillchallengeyourbestreasoningcapacities.Havingyourownsupport network of professional colleagues with whom you can share and discuss some of these issues is very valuable. It’s also helpful to seek out colleagues with philosophical views that differ from your own.Thisservesasavaluable“cross-pollination”functionbecauseyouwillbeabletounderstandanddiscuss a variety of views with students, as well as share students’ perspectives with your colleagues. In this way, everyone learns.

Finally, please be assured that your contributions here have tremendous value to students and will serve to upgrade business ethics in the future. We’re dealing with the future generation of leaders in their formative years. We can take pride in the fact that we’ve had a hand in shaping the very people who will be responsible for business ethics and social responsibility in the future.

JA Worldwide®


18

AppendixAcknowledgements

Manyeducators,economists,businesspeople,andconsultantshavecontributedtothedevelopmentof Excellence through Ethics. We would like to acknowledge the following individuals and groups for their efforts, creative talents, and support in creating these materials:

Deloitte & Touche USA LLP

Junior Achievement Blue Ribbon Panel on Ethics

Charles E. Abbott, Director, Ethics and Compliance, Textron Inc.

James D. Berg, Director, Ethics and Business Practice, International Paper

ArthurP.Brief,Ph.D.,LawrenceMartinChairinBusiness,DirectorofBurkenroadInstitute, A.B. Freeman School of Business, Tulane University

Frank Daly, Corporate Director of Ethics and Business Conduct, Northrop Grumman Corporation

GaryL.Davis,ExecutiveVicePresident,ChiefHumanResourcesandAdministrationOfficer, J.C. Penney Company, Inc.

JacquelynGates,PresidentandCEO,SOARingLLC

Patrick J. Gnazzo, Vice President Business Practices, United Technologies Corporation

FrancesHesselbein,Chairman,LeadertoLeaderInstitute(formerlythePeterF.DruckerFoundation)

EvelynHowell,ExecutiveDirector,BusinessPractices&Compliance,SaraLeeCorporation

WilliamA.McCollough,Ph.D.,Director,BusinessEthicsFoundationandResearchCenterAdministration, Warrington College of Business, University of Florida

JohnH.O’Byrne,VicePresident,NewYorkLifeInsuranceCompany

John Pepper, Chairman, Executive Committee of the Board, The Procter & Gamble Company

Eric Pressler, Director of Legal Compliance and Business Ethics, PG&E Corporation

Jack Robertson, Ph.D., Charles T. Zlatkovich Centennial Professor in Accounting, Department of Accounting, University of Texas–Austin (retired)

HaroldTinkler,ChiefEthicsOfficer,Deloitte&ToucheLLP

JA Worldwide®


19

AppendixExcellence through Ethics Writers and Consultants

Ron Ausmus, Integrity Associates

Susan Dilloway

KarenD.Harvey,Ed.D.,EducationalWriterandDiversityCurriculumConsultant

Insight Education Group

MotionPictureAssociationofAmericaPublicRelationsCouncil

Dave Somers, Owner of Brevity; Adjunct Professor, DeVry University

Excellence through Ethics Junior Achievement Pilot Offices

JA of Arizona, Inc.JA of Central Carolinas, Inc.JAofCentralMichigan,Inc.JA of Central Ohio, Inc.JA of Central Texas, Inc.JA of ChicagoJA of Columbia Empire, Inc.JA of Dallas, Inc.JA of Georgia, Inc.JA of Greater Baton Rouge & AcadianaJAofMiddleAmerica,Inc.JAofMiddleTennessee,Inc.JAofMississippiValley,Inc.JA of New York, Inc.JA of Northern New England, Inc.JA of Owensboro, Inc.JA of Rhode Island, Inc.JAofRockyMountain,Inc.JA of Southeast Texas, Inc.JAofSoutheasternMichigan,Inc.JA of Southern California, Inc.JA of The Bay Area, Inc.JAofTheHeartland,Inc.JA of The National Capital Area, Inc.JAofTheUpperMidwest,Inc.JA of West Texas, Inc.JA of Wisconsin, Inc.

JA Worldwide®


20

AppendixExcellence through Ethics Evaluation

JuniorAchievementhasdiscontinuedallpaperversionsofprogramsurveys.However,wegreatlyappreciate your comments and feedback about Excellence through Ethics. Please help us improve the qualityofExcellence through Ethics by sharing your comments through our new online survey process. The online survey should take less than 10 minutes to complete.

If you have comments about the Excellence through Ethicsprogramcontent,curriculum,and/orinstruction,pleaseaccesshttp://studentcenter.ja.org/aspx/LearnEthics/andchoosetheExcellence through Ethics Survey link located in the middle of the page.

Thank you for participating in JA!

JA Worldwide®


21

Excellence through Ethics Volunteer Survey

1. Including this session, how many individual sessions of Excellence through Ethics have you presented? ____________________________________________________________________

2. Do you feel that the students were engaged through this session?A. Not at allB. Somewhat engagedC. EngagedD. Very EngagedE. Unsure

3. Do you feel the session was relevant to students?A. Not relevantB. Somewhat relevantC. RelevantD. Very relevantE. Unsure

4. Do you feel students are more prepared to make ethical decisions after participating in this session?A. SignificantlymorepreparedB. Somewhat more prepared C. Somewhat less preparedD. SignificantlylesspreparedE. Unsure

5. On a scale of 1 to 10 (10 being excellent), how would you rate the overall quality of the Excellence through Ethics session? _______

6. After this JA experience, how likely are you to volunteer for JA again?A. More likely to volunteer B. Less likely to volunteer C. No more or less likely to volunteerD. Unsure

7. What comments or suggestions do you have regarding the overall session (including format, content, etc.)?

Optional: City _____________________________________________________________

State ______________________ Country ______________________________

Email ____________________________________________________________

JA Worldwide®


22

Excellence through Ethics Student Survey

1. What grade are you in? _______________

2.Pleasefillinthecirclethatbestdescribeshowyoufeelaboutthefollowingstatements. There is no right or wrong answer. Strongly Neither agree Strongly Disagree Disagree or disagree Agree Agree

This topic is very important.

I am able to apply what I learnedin this session to the real world.

The activities were interesting.

I learned something about ethicsfrom this session.

3. Do you feel more prepared to make ethical decisions after participating in this session?A. Significantlymoreprepared B. Somewhat more prepared C. Somewhat less preparedD. SignificantlylesspreparedE. Unsure

4. I saw someone at my job taking money from the cash register, I would: A. Ask someone I trust what I shouldB. Tell a supervisorC. Talk to the person taking the moneyD. Do nothingE. Not sure

5. To help us better understand who you are, please answer the following questions: How do you describe your ethnicity (family background)? (Fill in all that apply)A. African AmericanB. Asian AmericanC. Latino (a) or Chicano (a)D. European American (white)E. Native AmericanF. Other – how do you identify yourself? _________________

6. Do you have any additional comments regarding this session?

Optional: City _____________________________State ______________ Country _____________

session 2 - amazon s3 › public-juniorachievement-org › student › documents › ...elementary...

Documents