service-oriented architecture and web services essentials by iway - jake freivald

Service-Oriented Architectureand Web Services

Jake FreivaldApril 7, 2023

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 1

Essentials

A Lesson From Calvin and Hobbes

service-orientedarchitecture


First, A Question

What does the “S” stand for in SOA?

“Service”

Who or what is being serviced in SOA?

The business process owner


The Concept Behind SOA

A Lieutenant has: A flagpole A rope A flag Two shovels Three bags of cement A Corporal, a Lance Corporal, and a Private

He has been ordered to erect the flagpole How should he erect it?

“Corporal, erect the flagpole.”


Business Questions for IT Managers

How do we improve check processing? What will it cost to merge order processing apps? How long to implement the CRM application? How do I know that this IT investment will pay off?

Answering these questions requires a solid understanding of enterprise architecture


The Problem With Current Architecture

What’s this change going to cost? What will it affect? Will it be worth it?


Service-Oriented Architecture: An Attempt to Gain Control

Align IT with business requirements “Process check” “Accept order” “Change address” Not “Connect SAP to JDE, getting additional

information through CICS transaction WNIT, then sending a message through WMQI to the EDI processor for sending to…”

How do we do it? Define services Have IT create an architecture that

supports services


Implication

Web services aren’t the same thing as SOA Can be application-oriented Can be “tightly coupled” Can be unarchitected

What are Web services? How do we use them properly?

Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 9Copyright © 2001 iWay Software 2

What Are Web Services, and Why Use Them?


Interface Flexibility vs. Interoperability

Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity



Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity

text

HTML

Flash



Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity

Flat file + FTP

Web services

CORBA


Our Five Web Services Terms

Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity

XML

SOAP + WSDL

UDDI

Schema


Topic: XML

Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity

XML

SOAP + WSDL

UDDI

Schema


XML

“Self-describing” Easy to understand and use (in theory) Cross-platform

<book><author>Joliet Jake Blues</author><title>Shades of Blue</title><publisher>Free Forest Publishing</publisher>

</book>


XML – Issues

Too flexible. Can describe anything, but we need to know specifically what we’re going to see


</book>

<book><authors>

<author><title>Joliet</title><first>Jake</first><last>Blues</last>

</author></authors><title>Shades of Blue</title><publisher>Free Forest Publishing</publisher>

</book>


Topic: XML Schema

Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity

XML

SOAP + WSDL

UDDI

Schema



</book>

<book><authors>

<author><title>Joliet</title><first>Jake</first><last>Blues</last>

</author></authors><title>Shades of Blue</title><publisher>Free Forest Publishing</publisher>

</book>

Schema

Sets limits for what a given XML document holds The absolute minimum for automatic interactions


Topics: SOAP and WSDL

Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity

XML

SOAP + WSDL

UDDI

Schema


Example: Using SOAP and WSDL

SAP

“Can you help me gain access to SAP?”

User Administrator

“Sure. Here’s the WSDL file.”

WSDLSOAP

Request

SOAPResponse


Topic: UDDI

Interoperability

Fle

xibi

lity

XML

SOAP + WSDL

UDDI

Schema


Example: Using UDDI with SOAP and WSDL

SAP

User UDDI Directory

WSDLSOAP

Request

SOAPResponse

UDDIRequest


SOA and Web Services

The Vision of Web Services in Service-Oriented Architecture

WS WSWS WS WS WSWSWS

Web Services: XML and HTTP

PortalsPortals BusinessIntelligence

BusinessIntelligence

Java and.NET AppsJava and

.NET AppsB2B

InteractionB2B

Interaction

The Reality

API APIAPI API API APIAPIAPI

Custom Web Service Implementation


.NET AppsB2B

InteractionB2B

Interaction



BusinessIntelligencePortalsPortals

Eliminating Code from Web Services


iWay SOA Middleware: ESB, etc.


.NET AppsB2B

InteractionB2B

Interaction



BusinessIntelligencePortalsPortals

Web Services, XML, HTTP, JCA, ODBC, Plug-ins,…

SOA Means Not Being Limited To Web Services


iWay SOA Middleware: ESB, etc.


.NET AppsB2B

InteractionB2B

InteractionBusiness

IntelligenceBusiness

IntelligencePortalsPortals


One of Our Customer’s Requirements

1. Get approved work design

2. Load design detail into work request

3. Get Services Request Detail

4. Obtain Accomplish Records

5. Update Crew Schedule 6. Get Labor Equipment Info

7. Update estimate tables 8. Extract Employee Skills


ArcFM Mapping &

Models Mapping &

Models Work

DesignWork

Design

Gas &ElectricGas &

ElectricGraphical

ToolsGraphical

ToolsTime and Expense

Time and Expense

EnterprisePM tools

EnterprisePM tools

EnterpriseProject

Management

EnterpriseProject

Management

eTimeMachine Resources &

EmployeesResources &Employees

Customer/1 Customer

BillingCustomer

Billing

CISToolsCIS

Tools

Rates & meteringRates & metering

CustomerInfo

CustomerInfo

Accounting & EstimatingAccounting & Estimating

MaterialCatalogueMaterial

Catalogue

EvaluationsEvaluationsEstimatingtools

Estimatingtools

Timberline

Service Exposure, Composition, Provision: ESB

Primavera (P3E) Activity

EstimatesActivity

EstimatesProjects PlanningProjects Planning

EquipmentEquipment Actual LaborHours, costsActual LaborHours, costs

Passport Material

CatalogueMaterial

Catalogue

WorkOrdersWork

OrdersAM

ToolsAM

Tools

EquipmentEquipment

PragmaCAD MobileManagement

MobileManagement

CrewProfilesCrew

Profiles

Job OrderTools

Job OrderTools SchedulesSchedules

Peoplesoft HR

RecordsHR

Records

Organizationdetail

Organizationdetail

HRToolsHR

Tools

EmployeeSkills

EmployeeSkills

Customer Solution

Service Exposure, Composition, Provision: ESB

App Server:OrchestrationApp Server:

Orchestration


Web ServicesAren’t Enough

Creditin PSFTCreditin PSFT

Creditin SAPCreditin SAP

InformationAssets

Credit RiskEngine

Application owners create different services for each

ERP

Serviceconsumers

Web Services Alone Don’t Mean You Have a Good Architecture

InformationAssets

Common (but bad) idea: application developers call each service independently

Credit RiskEngine

Serviceconsumers



The Usual Solution

InformationAssets

Requires knowledge of business problem,

which functions to call, application security, metadata,

transaction management

Credit RiskEngine

Serviceconsumers



Terrible Development

InformationAssets

Tightly couples new application to underlying ERPs, so upgrades

must propagate to new application.

Serviceconsumers



Worse Maintenance

Credit RiskEngine

InformationAssets

EAI or BPMTools

Portals and B2B systems

Every new application has to recode multiple service calls the same way, reducing the benefit

of service reuse.

Serviceconsumers



Problems Multiply With Reuse

Credit RiskEngine

InformationAssets

EAI or BPMTools


Creditin SiebelCredit

in Siebel

Adding or removing applications causes a ripple effect throughout

the environment.

Serviceconsumers



No Isolation From Change

Credit RiskEngine

Enterprise

Service

Bus

InformationAssets

EAI or BPMTools


Serviceconsumers

Complete isolation from change.Service implementation has little

to no effect on consumers.



Better: Use “Service Composition”

Credit RiskEngine

Enterprise

Service

Bus

InformationAssets

EAI or BPMTools


Serviceconsumers




in SiebelCreditin PSFTCreditin PSFT



Credit RiskEngine

Enterprise

Service

Bus

InformationAssets

EAI or BPMTools


Serviceconsumers




in SiebelCreditin SAPCreditin SAP


Credit RiskEngine


What Was That Again?


App App App App

App App App App

Application ApplicationApplication Application

Application Application Application Application

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

Turn this… …into this

Web Services and Legacy Systems

…but service invocations and interfacesare usually still tightly coupled

Web services decouple service interfaces and applications


ESB and Legacy Systems

App App App App

App App App App

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

Turn this… …into this

…through transformation,routing, and service composition

ESBs can decouple service invocations from service interfaces

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface

ServiceInterface


Focus on your core business rather then IT …

New Flight Availability

Service

Old Flight Availability

Service

HotelAvailability

Service

BookHotel

Service

BookCar

Service

TravelReservation

Process

New CheckTravelerService

Check Credit Service

Book Flight Service

Add new services faster

Change services with minimal impact to

existing services

Flight Availability

Service

SOA, Legacy, and the ESB

Enterprise Service Bus


TravelReservation

Process

CheckTravelerService

Check CreditService

Book FlightService

HotelAvailability

Service

Flight Availability

Service

Book HotelService

Book CarService

When all applications conform to Web Services standards…

When not all applications conform to Web Services standards…

…a “standards-based” ESBmay do enough

…you may need an advanced ESB that creates services from existing non-

standard assets.

TravelReservation

Process

CheckTraveler

Application

Check CreditApplication

Book FlightApplication

HotelAvailability

Service

Flight AvailabilityApplication

Book HotelApplication

Book CarApplication

11 22

Typical Enterprise Service Bus Advanced Enterprise Service Bus



Web Service connectivity and data transformation

Universal connectivity and transformation

HTMLUDDI

WSDL HTTP

XML SOAP JMS

Web Services

UCCnetAquaLogicEDIINT BizTalk

JCA Essbase 3270 JMS

Siebel EDIG@SSAP ESRI

Google VSAMOracle

CICS BaanTuxedo

PeopleSoftLawson DB2/400 ebXML

iWay Enterprise Service Bus


HL7AS1

5250

FIX

GJXML AS2 AS3


iWay’s Two Major Benefits:Productivity and Interoperability

Productivity From developer’s perspective,

everything looks the same Requires no extra training or skills Useful for their tools of choice

Interoperability Different platforms and software

require different plugins Leaves you open for next steps, e.g.,

B2B, post-Web services

BPM/BPEL

Mainframe

DB2 CICS CICS IMSVSAM DB2/400 JDEiSeries

SQL Svr Etc.Windows

Oracle SAPUnix

Stateless services

Service interfaces: business data only

Portals

Plug-in

CompositeApps

JCA

B2B

XMLAS2

EAI Tools

Plug-in


SOA and Business Intelligence


Options:Traditional ETL

Supports DW goals: single version of truth, etc. Relatively simple conceptually Relatively high latency

DataFlow


Options: Real-time, or “Trickle-feed”, Data Warehousing

Events captured, cleansed, loaded as they happen Supports DW goals: single version of truth, etc. Very low latency, from real-time to several minutes

EventFlow


Options: Distributed Query

One query, many sources: reconciled in real time The operational systems’ “version of the truth” Need to be wary of performance, contention issues


ApplicationApplication

Data Integration vs. Application Integration


DataDumpData

DumpDataLoadDataLoadFTPFTP





DataDumpData

DumpDataLoadDataLoadFTPFTP


ApplicationApplicationApplicationApplication


Tra

nsa

ctio

ns

Tra

nsa

ctio

ns T

ransa

ctions

Tra

nsaction

s



Application Integration – and SOA – For Business Intelligence

DataWarehouse

Tra

nsa

ctio

ns

Tra

nsa

ctio

ns

BusinessIntelligenceApplications





DataWarehouse

Tra

nsa

ctio

ns

Tra

nsa

ctio

ns




ApplicationApplicationT

rans

act

ion

sT

rans

act

ion

s


DataWarehouse




ApplicationApplicationT

rans

act

ion

sT

rans

act

ion

s


DataWarehouse



CompositeApplicationsComposite

Applications

Business-to-Business

Interactions

Business-to-Business

Interactions

PortalsPortals


What Services Should We Expose, And When?

SQL-queryable data models Parameterized non-SQL queries Queries deployed from BI tools Pros and cons of various tool sets

Business intelligence Application integration EII / federated data query tools

Customers: Bell Canada Iowa Courts


Henny Penny


Pre iWay Topology Pre iWay Topology

ISERIES

7.3.3Rip and

Read

DB2

JDE TerminalInterface

INOVIS EDI Translator

ODBC

FTP / X!2 EDI

FTP / Form

TradingPartner I

TradingPartner II

Value Added Network

Receive and print orders

RIP and read


Solution Topology Solution Topology

FTP/ XML

Trading Partner I

eMail/File

Trading Partner Runtime

Protocol Adapter

EDI X12Adapter

Protocol Adapter

DB2

iSeries7.3.3

JD Edwards One World Adapter

Legacy Adapter

Validate and Translate

Trading Partner II

Sales Orders Sales Orders

Trading Partner III

Email Server

FTP/ X!2 EDI

JDE Master Business Functions interface

Running a process flow to validate and insert sales

orders.

iWayService Manager

Windows 2003 Server


Colorado Dept of Corrections


Pre iWay Topology Pre iWay Topology

Colorado Department Of Corrections

Jail Management System

Online Pharmacy

Colorado Bureau of

Investigation

Call CenterIs there any vendor

that can help us validate, transform, and route

flat files, HL7, and GJXML – in and out -

of our Jail Management System?

HL7

Flat files

GJXML


Online Pharmacy

Colorado Bureau of

Investigation*

Call Center

InformixRDBMSAdapter

ServiceManagerServiceManager

Wintel Unix

Colorado Department of Corrections

DOC Enterprise Service Bus

Jail Management System

HL7

Flat files

GJXML

*Future: GJXML exchanges with other departments inside the Colorado Justice supply chain …

iWay Solution iWay Solution


Wrap-up


What To Do Now: Project Perspective

Evaluate high-value projects Portal, composite application, B2B, BPM, BI

Evaluate BI applications You measure important stuff: walk the process

Identify the services needed to support them Identify other projects that can use them Create the services Orchestrate them

Don’t be too timid: you’ll want the ROI and reuse


Our iWay Integration Specialists willOur iWay Integration Specialists will Analyze your business challengeAnalyze your business challenge Examine your Enterprise / Environment Examine your Enterprise / Environment Assess your integration requirementsAssess your integration requirements Recommend Integration AlternativesRecommend Integration Alternatives

Call to Action Call to Action

Half Day needs analysis and ReviewHalf Day needs analysis and Review

Take us up on . . .

This half day session is free

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service-oriented architecture and web services essentials by iway - jake freivald

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