Service life planning of building components: the brazilian experience

Vera Fernandes Hachich Scia gerente

Themes of the lecture

How to establish minimum criteria to SERVICE LIFE PREDICTION AND ASSESSMENT OF DURABILITY of building products

The Brazilian Building Performance Standard

Long-term performance evaluation of technological innovation the Brazilian experience

Palace building

Non conformity X short service life

Failure of pipes

Early replacement

PIPES FAILURE OF

WATERTIGHNESS

4 MANDATORY replacement = costs, impacts, loss

http://www.cidades.gov.br/pbqp-h/

SiMaC - PBQP-H SiNAT - PBQP-H

Technical

Assessments

Quality Assurance

Programs

What are we doing?

PBQP-H Brazilian

Quality and Productivity Program for

Habitat

INNOVATIVE

PRODUCTS NO BRAZILIAN

STANDARDS

STANDARDIZED

PRODUCTS AND

BUILDING

SYSTEMS

90

92

94

96

98

100

102

104P

erf

orm

ance

Time

minimum acceptable

average service life

Nonconformity

0 40 80 120 160 200 240

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Coeficiente de perda de carga K

Mar

ca

2000

Loss of pressure of valves

Comparison of results from 14 products since the beginning of PSQ

0 40 80 120 160 200 240

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Coeficiente de perda de carga K

Mar

ca

2014

standard K

Lab Study Objective: To assess toilet bowl performance in different conditions and propose adequate testing methods;

Field Study Objective: To assess the behavior of low volume bowls under real usage conditions:

Test qualification main critical properties of performance criteria

Dual Flush

PSQ Toilets - Low Volume Flush Study 2000 and 2014

LOCKERS - Simulation of use

Salt spray test

Simulation of use

Handling simulation

PRODUCTS, PERFORMANCE AND MATERIALS

Site conditions can be differents

Instalallation conditions are differents

SAME PRODUCT, diferent performance:

PRODUCT PERFORMANCE AS A STANDARD COMPLIANCE

low pressure

User Confort vazo mnima necessria para o uso

High pressure

Probability of loss of water

Simulation of use

29% 36%

87% 88% 94% 89% 89%

71% 64%

13% 12% 6% 11% 11%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Re

sult

ado

s d

e a

pro

va

o

Referncia Reprovados AprovadosIncio das avaliaes

Comparao:

Sector Evolution

15

Estimated period of time for which a system is designed to meet the performance requirements set out by a standard, considering the requirements of the applicable standards, the stage of knowledge at the time of the project, and assuming compliance with the periodicity and correct work of maintenance processes specified in its Manual of use, operation and maintenance.

The design service life (VUP) must not be confused as the actual service life, durability, certified or legal warranty.

Note: The VUP is a theoretical estimate of service life. The VU may or may not be realized due to efficiency and maintenance, registration of changes in the work environment, climatic factors etc.

Cost of maintenance and replacement over the useful life Category

Design service life (VUP)

Design service life (VUP) System VUP minimal (years)

Structure 50*

Internal floors 13

External envelope (vertical) 40

Internal partition walls 20

Roofing 20

Water and sanitation system 20

17

DRYWALL: Conformity of components

Drywall

Components

18

DRYWALL performance of the system FIRE SECURITY - RESISTANCE AND REACTION

DRYWALL SECURITY; ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE

70mm

95mm

DESIGN SERVICE LIFE - VUP = 8 years approved products according to Brazilian standards. MANUFACTURER ASSUMES VUP, respecting ways of maintenance, installation and operation

What are we doing?

TECHNICAL EVALUATION

OF INNOVATIVE

PRODUCTS

PBQP-H Brazilian Quality and

Productivity Program for Habitat

INNOVATIVE PRODUCT INNOVATIVE BUILDING SYSTEM INNOVATIVE BUILDING SUBSYSTEM

THERE ISNT A BRAZILIAN STANDARD

SINAT National System of Technical Assessments

SINAT - DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS NBR 15575 - Edifcios habitacionais

Establishes minimum performance requirements of systems for residential buildings (structure, roof, floor, walls, etc.);

Requirements non dependent of materials and building system.

System with national coverage;

Technical assessment of innovative products and systems;

Reduction of hazards caused by ignorance of the real performance and durability of these products.

Recycled roof tile - Tetrapak ~ 2 years

SINAT - DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

Conformity assessment in relation to performance standards, Fire Departments, Buildings codes, international standards and other requirements defined for the ITA.

Procedure for evaluating products or systems TECHNICAL EVALUATION

The innovative product or system must be subjected to technical evaluation

SINAT - DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

Telha Reciclada aps ~2 anos

Customer

ITA

Study and draw up Guideline SINAT

Draw up Technical Evaluation Report

Conducts Audits of Quality

Prepare the DATEC

Appreciation of Guideline SINAT by CT- SINAT

PUBLISHED of Guideline SINAT

Conducts periodic control (validity of the Datec)

Appreciation of DATEC by CT- SINAT

Concession of the official approvall DATEC by CN-SINAT

PUBLISHED DATEC

referendum about the Guideline SINAT by CN- SINAT

STEPS

MINISTRIO DAS CIDADES - Secretaria Nacional da Habitao

Programa Brasileiro da Qualidade e Produtividade do Habitat (PBQP-H)

Sistema Nacional de Avaliaes Tcnicas (SINAT)

Diretrizes para Avaliao Tcnica de Produtos

DIRETRIZ SINAT

N 004

Sistemas construtivos formados por paredes

estruturais constitudas de painis de PVC

preenchidos com concreto

(Sistemas de paredes com formas de PVC incorporada)

Braslia, julho 2010

Tabela 1 - Requisitos para caracterizao dos materiais e componentes que formam os sistemas construtivos objetos desta Diretriz

Item Requisitos Indicador de conformidade

A Painis de PVC rgido

A.1 Espessura mnima dos

perfis 1,7mm

A.2 Cor dos perfis Conforme especificao de projeto, com () 0,6

A.3

Resistncia do PVC aos raios ultravioleta

(exposio de placas de PVC em cmara de CUV-

UVB)

2000 horas de exposio em cmara de CUV, com lmpada de UVB

A.4 Mdulo de elasticidade na flexo (antes e aps CUV)

Raps envelhecimento 0,70 Rinicial

A.5

Resistncia ao impacto: realizar ensaio de impacto

Charpy ou ensaio de impacto na trao (antes e aps exposio em cmara

de CUV)

Raps envelhecimento 0,70 Rinicial

A.6 Aspecto visual aps ensaio

de envelhecimento acelerado

As duas faces do corpo de prova devem ser avaliadas:

Sem bolhas, sem fissuras, ou escamaes, aps exposio de 2000 horas em cmara de CUV, com avaliao a 500h, 1000h, 1500h e 2000h

SINAT GENERATION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS

EXAMPLES OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS

INNOVATIVE FAADES PVC TILES

LONG TERM PERFORMANCE

Difficulties of durability evaluation

Changing degradation factors geographically and over time

Difficulties for the choice of factors and their intensities

Necessity to reduce the number of tests and testing time

Validation of the relationship between results and reality

Tests qualification main critical properties of long

term performance;

Conduction of exploratory tests and technical

discussions;

Natural Weathering and comparison of types of

degradation mechanisms

Monitoring and tracking performance in real conditions

Main steps

Structural performance, safety during handling and operation

Assembly and maintenance load

Weight of the structure and components

WATERTIGHNESS; SECURITY

Requisitos Exigncia

ESTANQUEIDADE GUA

No ocorrncia de escorrimento, gotejamento de gua ou gotas aderentes

Segurana no uso e na operao - POSSIBILIDADE DE CAMINHAMENTO DE PESSOAS SOBRE O TELHADO

Suportar carga vertical concentrada mnima de 1,2kN nas posies indicadas em projeto sem apresentar ruptura, fissuras, deslizamentos ou outras falhas.

Regies Condies de ensaio

Presso esttica Pa

Vazo de gua L / m2 / min

I 10

4 II 20 III 30 IV 40 V 50

Carga de

1,2kN

Ensaio em

laboratrio

Solicitao real

Requisitos Exigncia

DESEMPENHO ESTRUTURAL

Resistncia ao do vento

Clculo das cargas de vento - NBR 6123:1988 - Foras devidas ao vento em edificaes

No ocorrncia de remoo ou danos no telhado sujeitos a esforos de suco. Deformao mxima admissvel residual L/250 Deformao mxima admissvel instantnea 2 x L/250

Ao de granizo e outras cargas acidentais em telhados

No ocorrncias de ruptura ou traspassamento 1J

Regio

do Brasil

Presso de ensaio (Pa)

Altura do solo: 5m Altura do solo: 15m

I 500 850

II 750 1100

III 950 1500

IV 1200 1900

V 1500 2300

Esfera: 65g

Dimetro 25mm

Aplicar um impacto na posio mais desfavorvel por meio de esfera de ao abandonada em queda livre (1,5m).

Energia de impacto: 1J

WIND PRESSURE; SECURITY

Action of heat and thermal shock

10 cycles of heat and cooling with water spray

PVC TILES

Proposed text: revision of the standard NBR 15575: The outer surface of the covering system should provide flame propagation coefficient 75. For kitchen environment, flame propagation coefficient should be 25.

For joints forming materials, when installed, the assessment of outer surface could be:

European method of roof for outer

surface in real conditions 15:

ENV 1187 - Test methods for

external fire exposure to roofs

FIRE PROTECTION

PVC TILES FIELD EXPERIENCE

Teresina

Palmas

Piracicaba

Macei

Piracicaba Weather Station - ESALQ/USP Teresina

Palmas

Macei Building at seaside (strong wind action)

SELECTED LOCATIONS

EXPOSITION OF PROTOTYPES ROOFS

PALMAS: replacement of metal

tiles for PVC tiles

ESALQ structures manufacture

PVC TILES

Natural Weathering stations Rio Grande

20/4/2005 Vera Fernandes-Hachich and Vahan

Agopyan 41

Unplasticized PVC window frames accelerated weathering of PVC specimens X natural

weathering Rate of strength decrease

MBC10 - Reduo relativa de

resistncia

Exposio acelerada

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

0 1000 2000 3000

Tempo (h)

RI(

t)/R

I(0)

MBC10 - Reduo relativa de

resistncia

Exposio natural

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

0 1 2 3 4 5

Tempo (anos)

RI(

t)/R

I(0)

y = -0,0002x + 0,9827

R2 = 0,8653

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

0 1000 2000 3000

y = -0,1385x + 0,9217

R2 = 0,8956

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

0 1 2 3 4 5

DR/Ro = 13,85% / year DR/Ro = 20% / 1000 h

In the examples above:

Maximum fee of impact resistance decrease: criteria

Reducing the

consumer risk, i.e, the

risk of accept an

inapropriated

formulation (consumer

risk = 1,9%), without

excessively increasing

the risk of the producer

(2,2%), ie, a good

formulation be

rejected, one arrives at

a rate of strenght

decrease of

7% per year 0,0%

5,0%

10,0%

15,0%

20,0%

25,0%

30,0%

4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Valor limite da taxa de

decrscimo de resistncia

Prob

abili

dade Prob. de rejeitar

compostoadequado

Prob. de aceitarcompostoinadequado

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

2% 6% 10% 14% Mais

Distribuio de taxas de decrscimo de

resistncia - Exposio natural

Accelerated weathering 1000 hours are enough?

2000 h

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

0 1000 2000 3000

RI

(t

)/R

I(

0)

Time (hs)

MBC10 - Relative strenght

decrease

- accelerated weathering

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

0 1000 2000 3000

RI(t)/R

I(0

)

Time (hs)

MBC10 - Relative strenght

decrease - accelerated

weathering

1000 h

1000 h 2000 h 2000 h r2=0,78

SATISFACTORY

1000 hours vs. 2000 hours

R = 0,3125

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%

0% 5% 10% 15%

AC

CE

LE

RA

TE

D(1

000X

%h)

Natural (%/year)

Rate of strenght decrease DRI/RI(0),

of different formulations

(acceletated test until 1000 h)

MBC10 ABC10

CPP10 CPC10 ACC10

ACB10 Linear ()

R = 0,7803

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0% 5% 10% 15%

AC

CELER

ATED

(100

0 x

%/h

)

Natural (%/year)

Rate of strenght resistance, DRI/RI(0), of different formulations

(acceletated test until 2000 h)

MBC10 ABC10

CPP10 CPC10 ACC10

ACB10 Linear ()

1000 h r2=0,31

INSATISFACTORY

ACCEPTABLE?

Rate of strenght decrease

DRI/RI(0), of several formulations

(accelerated weathering test until 2000 h)

R 2 = 0,7803

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0% 5% 10% 15%

Natural (%/year)

Acc

ele

rate

d (

1000 x

%/h

)

MBC10

ABC10

CPP10

CPC10

ACC10

ACB10

Linear

Criteria DR/Ro < 0,015% / h on QUV

Accelerated:

15% / 1000 h

0,015% / h

Measures at 0, 500, 1000 e 2000 h

Natural: 7% per year

46

Degradation of PE reservoirs exposed to the weather

- accelerated exposure = 18000h WOM.

- natural exposure = 10 years

Technical experiments

47

Technical experiments

Reservoirs's deformation

Laboratory tests:

- Short duration test (72h);

- Test chamber: 50C;

- Detect the possible deformations and loss of watertight;

- Distinguish products that present different deformations behavior.

Field Study:

- Exposure of reservoirs by 130 days to weather (in SP);

-Determination of reservoirss deformation

Lifetime of Plastic Pipes

environment

load

material

Lifetime = f

Environmental Factor Chlorine

Testing Techniques

Hydrostatic Pressure Testing

Notch Pipe Testing (SCG-test)

Rapid Crack Propagation Testing (Up to 250 mm)

Circulation Loop Testing Water

Circulation Loop Testing Chlorinated water

N 2 PIP

E

Bath

or

oven

at

0-

160C Float valve

Float

Time registration

P

N 2

H 2 O

Evaluating the Results

Development of PE Pipe Materials

Discovery of low pressure polymerization by Dr. Karl Ziegler

Mid 1950s, First generation PE 50 and PE 63

1980s, Second generation Unimodal PE 80

[MPa]

[h]

1st Generation

20C

60C

80C

[MPa]

[h]

2nd Generation

20C

60C

80C

STRESS REGRESSION LINE (PE) Transition of failure mechanism

STRESS REGRESSION LINE (PE)

STRESS REGRESSION LINE PVC PIPES

EUA (HDB) = 100.000 h = 11,4 anos Europa (MRS) = 50 anos = 438.000 h

HDB = Hydrostatic Design Basis MRS = Minimum Required Strenght

STRESS REGRESSION LINE(PP)

LAB FAILURES AND NOT

PR

ES

SU

RE

FAILURE TIME

.NOT FIELD FAILURES!

THANK YOU,

FOR YOUR ATTENTION!