-

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Serial number and name of station.

PAGE

1 Agricultural Research Station, Ana.ka.pa.lle 1-34

2 Do. Sama.lkot, 35-88

3 Do. Guntur 89-116

4 Rice sub-station, Buchireddipa.lem 117- 134

5 Agricultura.l Research Station, Nandyal 135-Hi4

6 Do. Hagari 165-220

7 Do. Palur 221-266

8 Do. Tindivanam 267,..312

9 Do. Kovilpatti 313-340

10 Rice Research Station, Ambasamudram 341-334 11 Agricultural Research Station, Taliparamba 355-366 12 Do. Nileshwal' No. I (Pilicode). 367-376 13 Do. Do. No. II 377-386 14 Do. Do. No. III 387-396 ,,/ 15 Do. Kasaragod 397-408 16 Do. Nanjanad 409·-432 17 Central Farm, Coimbatore 433-450 18 Millets Breeding Station, Coimbatol'e .. 451-474 19 Cotton Breeding Station, Coimbatore 475-4-98 20 Paddy Breeding Station, Coimbatore .. 4S9-542 21 Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru 5103-578 22 Do. Aduturai 579-618 23 Do. Pattambi 619-656 24 Do. Pattukkottai 657-676 25 Agricultural College Dairy, Coimbatol'e 677-.680 26 Pomological Station, Coonoor and the Burliar and Kallal'

Fruit Gardens. . 681-710 27 Fruit Research Station, Kodur .. 711-744 28 Sugarcane Research Station, Gudiyattam 745-764 29 Agricultura.l Research Statioll, Siruguppa 765-808

Glossary 809-S13

ANNU L REPORT OF' THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ST TION, KASARAGOD, F'OR THE YEAR 1939-40 (FASLI 1349) (JULY 1939-JUNE 1940).

MAIN CROP-COCONUT.

Sea.son and 1·ainfall.- The south-west monsoon commenced early in June 1939 and a total of 101·46 inches of rain was received in 94 iny days, as against 105·07 inches of rain in 96 days for the ' me period in 1938. During the north-east monsoon, 9·81 inches

of rain were recorded · on 19 days. This was below the normal hy 5·96 inches. A spell of drought followed and continued till the middle of April 1940, when the hot weather rains commenced, amounting to 9·83 inches of rain, as against 8·32 inches of rain luring the same season in the previous year. Though below the normal by 7·65 inches, these rains were quite beneficial to all "rops and particula,l'ly to the coconut.

The rainfall statement is furnished in Table I.

TABLE 1.

Rai11fall statement.

Month. Week.

1!43()-40. 19:38-39. Average for past 5 years.

,-----'---~ ,...----A..-_, ,.----"---, Rain· Number l{uill- Number Baill Nun1ber fall of ["U of faU of in rainy in raIny in rahty

inches. da.ys. inches. days. inches. days.

Average for past 20 years. ,.--~

lL'l.ill- Number fuJI of in rainy

inches. days.

South-west mOliSoon.

J,: ·August

llij,'1l,t·Scptcmber.

1-4 5-11

12-18 19-·25 26-1 2-i; !l-15

16-22 23-i9 30-5 6-12

1:3-19 20 26

9·70 10,20

7'47 7·00 U·26 9·74 9'62 1,41 1 ·[;7 2·5;~ 0,91 0·85 2'60

4 6 7 7 i) 7 (l

6 7 7 ~ 2 6

17·55 22'85

:l'70 2,09 3·76 2·5·{ 0'25 :3-12 u'5t 1,21 0'20 a'58 2·55

4, 7 7 7 7 5 -1 7 0

" 1 5 7

9,28 13 '63 12'09

6·77 10·74 5'57 4,11 4':15 3·47 1·:15 3·70 19:3 1·22

4,00 0·60 7'00 6'4U 7'00 6,20 G'60 520 5'00 5·20 4'80 a'40 :l·20

7,11 11,70 8'52 8 '40 7·68 7'47 5'!l1 4·71 3'95 2·55 2'04 2,17 1,80

3'90 6·00 6·75 6'60 6·95 0'45 6·10 6,15 5-75 5·45 4·50 4·10 4·20

Total .. 64,94 72 70·82 72 78'21 69,60 78'01 73,50

27-3 4-10

11-17 18-2.10 25-31 1-7 8-H

15-21 22-28

. ""ember-December. 29-5 6-12

13-19 20-26 27-3 4-10

11-17 18-24 25-31

0'17 0'20 0'60 3·71 1,30

3·43 0'40

Nortlt-cast 'mo nsoon. 2 7-n 6 1 1)'75 4 3 O'O! 1 6

0"32 . i 2 2·0!) 4 0,22 1

4 1

4';'2 3,:30 1'00 2·55 0,87 1'62 0-49 0'16 0'30 0·02

O:U4.

0:U6

4'40 3'40 2·20 I-SO 2-00 3'00 1'20 0·00 0·4U 0'20

0,20

0·20

3,60 2'65 2,01 1·49 1'41 1,62 1'26 0·62 0·12 0,18 0'1!) 0·41 0'00 0·06 0,03 0'05

0'02

4-30 3,80 2·85 2·15 2'6;' 2'4G 2'OG 0·90 0,35 0'75 0·45 0·15 0·10 0'20 0,15 0-10

0,10

Total .. 9·81 1!l 16·15 17 14·93 10'UO 10'77 23'50

398

)Jont h.

February ..

March

Ma.rch-Ap ril

April-llray

May-June

June

,\N N U.\L JtEl'OJlT!:i 01" .\GH1CULTU [tAL STXrlONi:>

Rainfall statement- -cont. 1939-40. 1038-30.

Week. It"in- Number Rain- Number of

rainy days.

fall of fall in rainy in

inches. days. inches.

1-7 8-14

15-21 22-28 or

29 1-7 8-14

15-21 22-28

., 29-4 i;-U

i~~~ 0'04 26 2 2·82

3 9 0·27 10 l6 O·8~ 17-2:3 2·74

.. ~i=~O 2'23 Total 9,83

7-1:l 1

UF .\C;!UUl; Ul'lllL\ L S'l'Nl'lONS

statement--cont. 1938-39. Average for Av~rnge for

past 5 years. past 2il yellrs..

ar Rain- Number n ·aiu Numbor R ain- Number

fl1l1 of rail of f ilii of In rainy in ral!ly ill rniny

Incbes. days. inches. days. inches . da)·s. Hot u;c~lher.

0·11 0·211 0·14 O·Oj

0'06 O' O~

C)'06 0·004

0"20 0·20

0·001 0 ·11 010

0·0;; 0·30 0·30

0'67 1·00 0·48 0·65 0'10 2 1)-(i9 1·00 0 '00 0'85 2·80 0'45

:) 1

0·7+ 1·03

1'00 1·20

0'5 ~ 1-1 2

0'8:'1,(,0

rHO 4 0·56 1·20 0· 73 l'Sr, 0·11. 0·75

O"W 0·80

0 '(;8 0·92

1·0:, l':UO

0·12 ~ 1·28 2··\0 1·76 2·41)

4"45 .) :1·60 :,·60

:3·60 4'40

2·98 7·17

3·1" 4·j:,

8·32 15 15·89 17-40 17·48 18' ~il

1110/!S f)(j iL

11-11) 7 8· 45 5·80 8·62 5'P;:' 1:)'68 7 H·27 7·00 0·67 6·~" 11'04 6 10·07 6·RO 10·83 6·S:, 0·65 2 3·68 2·60 3·99 2·66

36'52 22 36'47 22·20 33·11 22·ef,

131 81 126 145'50 128·80 144·37 138'01i

operations- (i) Cult1tral operations.\-vas worked in all blocks receiving

in the middle of ,June 1939 for manure' and' no cultivation ' plot

hing was given during Augustrthe crop of cowgra.m into the soil.

for incorporating the manures, .and boncmeal into the soil. The

.January 1940 to check the growth

".-Cowgram for green manure was une 1039, the seed being dibbled in and growth of the crop were good.

stuff obtu,ined from the different

of cowg'I'U'In-Gl'een stujj'-1939. Remarks.

Seeds sown bl'oad c:ast.

Seeds sown in plough furrows.

No manm'e plots .

Seeds sown in plough furrows.

Do. Do.

Coconut husk buried ill trenches. Cattle manure applied in previous

yea.rs. Seeds sown in. plough furrows.

Do. Fallow field-~ianmed at 14,000 lb. , ofcattle manure per acre.

IW S GA[(Cl l STA'fWN , K A,SARAGQD 391:)

J fist before the ploughing in of the crop of cowgram in August-September 1939, ammonium sulphate a,t the rate of 3 lb. 111'

400 ANNUAL HEl'OHTB OF M;J{WUL'I'U1UL S'rATIONS

(ii) Expe1'iment to 'increase (he humus content of the soil and lid effect on the coconut. The burying of COCOllut husks and c conut leaves in Block VII started in 1937 was completed in 1939. A total of 112,886 husks and 22,300 leaves were buried in an area of i·5 acres.

lVlean yield of llUtl:l, mean production of female flowers, menn setting percentage, and mean number of leaves in the crown in 1937 were compared with the respective means for 1939. Hesul are given in Table IV.

TABLE IV.

Coconut- increasing the humus content of the soil and ,its effect on coconut.

Comparison of palm characterl:l. Mcnn ilIcun Alean 'Ieall

yield of production setting l1\1mberO/ Pariicular8. Huts in offemalc perccntage Ir1\"es on

10:19. flowers iu in lOaO. Ow orown lOan. I n 1!JM

Number of trees 49 49 49 Avera.ge increasc ( -;-) over or d ecreasc +2' ~o -14·57 +5,70

(- ) frOID the mean for 1937. Critical difference 3·72 1 !J.08 4·00 Significant or not P = 0·05 . . No . No. Yes .

Conclusions. - It is too early to judge tho offect ()f the treatment on th yield of nuts. However, there is a significant increase in the setting p ercenlllClr and the number of functioning leaves in the crown. The results are encouragiJIi so far. Husk and leaf burial appeal's to be a useful method of improving t)w coconut gardens especially on the light soils of the tract.

(iii) Electro-c'ulture e:t;periment.-The experiment started in 1938, to find out the effect of electro-culture treatment on the yidd of coconut trees, details of which were reported in the last annual report, was continued. Four hundred and six spadices were aproned as they opened, and the aprons and jackets were sparked on 168 days according to schedule of treatment.

Yield of nuts, setting percentage and fema.le flower production for 1939 of the trees under the experiment were analysed. There were no significant diff.:ll'ences due to treatments.

(iv) Button shedding e:l:jJeriment.-·'J1he experiment started in March 193!), to study the effect of retaining only one spadix in the crown and removing the rest immediately after the opening of tlJe first female flower, was continued during the year. The obj£'ct was to see how setting percentage would be affected by reducin~ the number of nuts in the crown to that in one bunch. The experi· mental bu nch in each of the five tree.'! was harvested in April lO ttl and the setting percentagefl determined. The details of the settin' percentages of t he experimental bunches as compared with thft mean seLting percentages of the same trees for the month of April during a period of five years prior to the starting of the experimcn are given in Table V.

Coconut- Button shedding e.'ll

BlOck and tr e number.

Ill/71 Ill/83 IV/I02 VI/OJ VII /41

SeWnl( per cerit ill the

experimental bUlleh (April 19:39).

(A)

!J·22 11·58 11·76 42·22 18·06

Uonclusiolls-A B. , ..

~Ieall Het.t.inl(]ler ce nt

durin!! the periOd

1034-:38 (for April ,.

Ofcach yea.). (B)

2'4rJ 6·63

. 6,52 30·76

9·31,

. There is significant increase the five experimental trees due to .

By retaining ouly one huneD complement of 12 Or 13, more pJa retamed bunch and the setting p€

The figures for the product analysed. Thoug~ there W~1S an all of female flowers , It was not signifi~

(v) Var-ietal and seasonal trial.; To fi~d out the best green manure best t Jllle of sowing it.

~ield-Block XI, south·east plot. l:rop~ and seed ·rates p er acre Gl'oundnut dalLl~l1a (35 lb.) and sUllnhemp (70 lb.).

~.aY-01;lv-4 X 5 randomized block s for each Ize of each plot-40' X 5'.

Mallure--10 cart loads of ca.ttle manure p el'

asons(1) April 1939 sowings with early showers (2) June 1939 sowings wit.h the brenk of s (3) September 193!J sowings prior t.o the 0

Crop.

Dates of sowing'(tj First

sowing.

.. 25th April I93!l.

Do. Do. Do.

Durntion Se ill (lHyS. SOl'

SO

148 131

80

IIarvest.-The crops were harve when t.he maximum vegetative grow

T he germination in all the so~ Bowing sunnhemp and daincha con w~th stand the heavy mins. In the 11l11d attack of "Surul Poochi." T wore analysed and the results are give

26

~

;\OHl Vl;l:l'UHAI, S'l'Al'lONS

th'e hwmns content of' the soil and its of coconut hu~ks and coconut

19:37 was completed in ] 939. A 00 leaves were buried in an area of

production of female flowers, mean number of ieaves in the crown ill

've means for 1939. Result

118 content of the sO'il and -its effect cocon·ILl.

[ palm characters. S[oan . )Ican ~rcnn Mean

yield of l?roductioll setting number or nut-sill oHemale perccntage J",,,, es 011

lU39. flowers iu in 1939. the crOwn 1 ()3(). In 1939.

4-9 49 49 47 +2·86 - 14-

,\NN U.\L HEPOR'l'S OF AGHICUL'l'UHAL ti 'r,\ 'l'IONS

TABLE VI.

Green man'Ul'e trials-Season ancZ C1·OpS.

ScnSOllS. Acre yield ofgrecu stuffill lb.

,..-------- - --"-________~ ' Z· test

signi!icuu't .o-Or not

Criticn l (llft'er· ence.

GrOUllduut, COwgram. Dainchu. Sunnhenlp. P=O·05.

April .. 21,141'0 3,082'0 4 ,668'0 2,607·0 Yes. ;),302 June .. 4,984'0 14,852'0 Failed Failed Yes. 3,857 September 980·9 2,227'0 1,191·0 879·6 Yes. 824-8

Conclusions(1) April sowings-Groundnut, daincha., cowgnun, sunnhemp. (2) June sowings-Cowgram, groundnut. (3) September sowings-Cowgra.m, daincha , groundnut, sunnhemp.

TABLE VII. •

Green manure trials-Crop and seasons.

Acrericld Of grcen stu fl' in lb. , Z • test. ,..-_______.A._____ -.Crap. sigl1HicHUt Cr IUCIl)

AP1'il .Tunc tleptember Or not difl'extnce. sow[ngs.. ::;owings. so wing.8 . P~O·05.

Groundnut 21,141'0 4,984'0 980·9 Yes. 3,983 Cowgram 3,082·0 14,852'0 2,227'0 Yes. 5,184

Conclusions-(1) Groundnut-April, J'une, September. (2) Cowgram-Juno, April, Septembe:.

From Table VI it is seen that groundllut sown in April yielded the largest quantity of green stuff. In June a.nd September sowings cowgram fared best. Table VII shows that cowgram is the best yielder of green stuff sown in June, a rainy month.

(vi) Extent of nat'ural C1'OSS poll-ination in the coconut.-With a view to find out the extent of natural oross pollination in the cooonut, two trees (ordinary tall) the setting peroentages of which were definitely known, were selected in March 1939. All chanct>S for self or inter-spadix pollillCl.tion in these experimental trees were eliminated by completely removing all male flowers as soon as the spathe opened. In all, 25 spadioes were treated on the two trees from Maroh 1939 to February 1940. The mean setting peroentages of the treated spadices and the mean setting percentages for the period of five years prior to the treatment · were comptwed. The figures arc given in Table VIII.

TABLE VIII.

Coconut- E;ctent of natu-ral CT08S pollination-Sett·ing percentages. SettiHi[ percentage ~rca 11 settillJ! after treatment pereent:l!:c for

BlOck ancl t ree Humber. (~ra rch 19:30- the post five years l' ehruary 11l40). (~la reh 1934

J.'ebruary 1939).

vnfl 20·14 23·17 ± 2·75 VIlli 2:)'84 3:)·92 ± 1·47

There wa no significa,nt difference iIi the set,ting percentage due to treatm llt in one tree and in the other tree there was significant deorease. The experiment w:i1l be repeated.

ll.ESF.AHCH STATIO

(vii) Oultivation of the soil vel To ~nd out the effect on coconut of cultIvated for a number of years.

. De.terioration plot, Block-IX ~ beI~lg regularly oultivated before 10 penod of five years, the plot. ,,;as Ie nuts, produotion of female flowers . and of 1937 were compared. The r

\ TABLE IX Coconut-Cultivation. of the soil

C / . ompanson of chi l'artieulars.

Numbol' of trees ..Mean increase (+) ~~'er Or decrease (-) , ~r.om t he mean in 1932.

CritICal d ifference Significant or not P .~ 0'05' .

It is seen from the table that was not affected; but the reduotion ficant. Therefore, the setting reduoed for want of oultivation.

. From 1937 the plot had been Yield of ~ut~ for 1939 was compared were no slgmficant differences. It is ra mant due to cultivation from 1937.

. (viii) No manUre and. no

cultw~ted-Object.-To study the

trees 111 a regularly cultivated (

vated (unmanured) plot.

Th mean yield of nuts pel'

192 39, of five experimental trees in

and no cultivation was determined.

tree, pel' year of five experimenta.l

no ~anure, but regularly cultivated

perIOd. The two 1l1ean~

Table X.

TABLE X. Ooconut-No manure and no cu.at'l'lm

but cultivated-Com.prwison Mea n yield Of lIut;; .Mean yield of nut. :

per tree, per year 111 pCr tree pOr yenr fn

no Jll~n}Jl'e , no no mannre' but

CUItlv.l(tlon lJiot. cult.i"" ted lJiot. A) (B)

n· ;) IHH Condusions-B, A.

The difference between the a.dvantage of culti vation alone even

26.4.

_I

STATIONS

~Season and crops. ~ll stuiftll lb. , '. Z '. test _ ---------., l:Hg)llficant

Or not, Daillcha. SUllulle)llp. P=O·05.

4668·0 F

'

·\NNUA1 nEPOl1TS OF ,\UI(lCUL'l'UH :\L S'!':\ 'l'iON'\

5. Scheme of ?"esea1'Ch on COCOn1J,[s.-Studies scheduled ,l'nder items 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and B of the technical progl'amme of rel>e rch were in progress. Deta,ils of the work done are given in the anllual report of tho coconut scheme.

6. Pests and d'isea.ses.-Rhinoceros or black beetle continued to be the most destructive pest of the coconut. Regular search for the beetles was made in the crowns of palms and 2,200 beetles were caught and killed during the year. lVIanure and compost pits were periodically searched for the beetle grubs and 1,564 grubs were caught and killed.

Muscardine fungus trials by the Government Entomologist for the control of the rhinoceros beetle were in progress. There was no serious atta,ck of Nephantis serinopa, during the year.

One oil palm in Block XI and one COCOllut seedling in Block IX died of bud rot.

7. Other cro]Js- (i) Fodder crops.- (a) Cholam, maize, cmnbu and sUIUlhemp were tried in small plots of 5 cents each near the rest house, in June 1939. The following were the calculated acre yields of green stuff obtained :-

Ael'e yield of Cmp. gree'n stuff

in lb.

Cholam 7,025 Maize 6,500 Cumbu 5,000 Sunnhemp 1,600

Though the crops received a basal dressing of ten cartloads of cattle lllanure per

OF AU lac UL'l'U HAJJ S'j'ATJOW,

" coconuts.- Studies scheduled under he technical programme of r esearch

the work done are given in the unnual

llinoceros or black beetle continued lest of · the coconut. Regular search

e crowns of pa.lms and 2,200 heetIc! iug the year. Manure and compost .d for the beetle grubs and 1,564 grubs

by the Government Entomologist for beetle were in progress. There was

itis serinopa during the year.

and one coconut seedling in Block IX

l' CI'Ops.-(u) Uholam, maize, cumbll small plots of 5 cents each near the e following were the c8Jcuiat ed acre

Acre yield of green stuff

in lb.

7,025 6,500 5,000 1,600

eceived a basa,l dressing of t ell cartcre, the yields of green stuff (at tlw

nite satisfactory.

l tried in October Hl:39 . Germination ~s failed for want of sufficient moisture

ftn Clovcr.-Three varieties of berseem, ~rovince " , " l\'liskarvi" and "Fahl" ;ons-.Tune 1939, October 1939 and half cent. plots in the office and ot.her u untreated and also treated with Germination was good in all the wth was poor. In spite of heavy whenever necessary, and good care the tria,ls died before reaching the

ana'l'ese ' Kadn Neeli '-a new .--It is a leguminous weed indigenous

thriving well without any manuJ.'ing by ca,ttle and has good nutri·

t.he details of chemical analysis of Government Agricultural Chemist,

nl~ R r. Ar:C;H STATION, KASAR.AGOD

TABLE XI.

A naZysis of I ncl'igofera nn·iflora.

H cnd80 f analysis.

:Moisture 2. Ash ::l Crude proteins .. 4 Ether extractives 5 Crude fibre (\ Cal'bohydl'ate~ by difference

7 Albuminoids 8 Insoluble mineral matter

Res ults expressed ;\s

pel' cent.

!)' 511 ·5· 4fJ

12·2H 2·4,(:;

40· 112. 20,71

100·00 8·06 1·3(\

405

Relllarks.-1'he 1)ll111t i3 ;l gOOd fodder plant. Preliminary ob"ervatiOJI plot~ a rC in the fleld,

(ii) Subs·icZial'Y cmps-(a) Pineapple.- Twenty-rilne fruits weighing 135 lb. were harvested from an area of four cents. One hundred and eighty suckers of the " K ew" variety were planted in July 1939 and 150 suckers in June 1940.

(b) Chillies.- Four varieties of Gnntur chillies Nos. 367, 390, 398 and 399 were put under ob"ervation plots in plots of 4 cents each in th e Office Block. Germina.tion was good and the crop was satisfactory. The calculated acre yields of dry pods a,re brlven below ;-

Va l·iety.

367 390 398 :~99

Fui,ther trials are in progress.

Acre yields of dl'y pods

in lb.

500 440 440 440

(iii) AjTican oil palm.-Of the six seedlings planted in 1932, one died of bud rot during the year. The l'emaiuing palms are thriving well and four of them 8,re bcctl'ing.

Observations on leaf and spadix production were recorded. The mean number of leaves in the crown pel' palm is 65. Usually every leaf axil produces a spadix either male or female. The propor t ion of male to female spa,dices is I : 1. The numuer of nuts in a bunch in these young palms varies from 40 to 100.

(iv) Lab-Lab trials (for g'reen m,amll'e).-Two va.rieties of lab·lab D.L. 173 and D .L. 231 received from the Millets Specialist and Geneticist were sown in Block IX extension in between rows of coconut seedli.ngs, in ,Tune, July ~1nd October 1939. Germina· tion was good in the first two sowings but was rather poor in October 1939 sowings. These October sowings later on failed due to want of sufficient moisture in the soil a.nd 'aphis' att ctck. June and July SO\' ings also had a.n a,ttack of 'aphis' and had to be harvested in November 1939. There was no flowering in any of the sowings.

l

l

406 ANNUAL REPORTS OF AGRICULTURAL STATIONS

The following calculated acre yields of green stuff /in lb. ' were obtained:

Variety. , June 1939.

D.L.173 317 D.L.2:n 756

Analysis of data revealed no significant differences between varieties or seasons. The yield of green stuff obtained was rather low to be of use as green manure in this tract.

(v) Redgmm (local).-Seeds were sown in Block IX outskirts in an area of 2 cents in July 1939 with I} feet spacing. The germi· nation was good and the crop grew luxuriantly. The green stuff that could have been obtained in October 1939 was estimated at about 10,000 lb. per acre. The crop was left to seed and about 6 lb. of seed wa.s obtained from the area.

The crop has one disadvantage to be used as green manure crop in coconut gardens. It does not thrive so well in the shade of the coconut palms as in the open.

s. New plantings.-The following seedlings were planted dming the year:

Block. )Ionth of planting.

XI September Hl39 and November 1939.

XI June 1940

I, II, VI June 1940 ., and IX.

9. Seed supply.-The following quantities of seeds and seedlings

I

were distributed among the District Officers and the public : Seed coconuts 5,867 Coconut seedlings 1,62 Cashewnut seeds 567 lb. Pineapple suckers 38 Chilly seedlings 400 Citronella grass slips 50

10. Compost making.-Composting trials according to theJ , Bangalore' and the 'Coimbatore' methods were started in June-July 1939. The material composted was coconut leaves and petioles. The material was examined after 3~- months, 7 month and one year. Even after one year, the material was not in 0 satisfactorily decomposed condition.

Fresh trials each with 1,200 lb. of dry coconut leaflets and 2,200 lb. chopped coconut petioles were started in January 19·11/ in Block XI in pits 10' X 4' by 5' deep, both according to the

Seedlings planted.

Four of Cocos plumosa and two australis.

Coconut-World variet.ies Dwarf Ccvlon Ta~ll X Dwarf crosses Tall X Tall crosses .. Ordinary tall. (colour types)

Ceylon variety (to fill up gaps) Dwarf

Seasons. ---'----~---,

July 1939. October 1939.

109 Failed. 232 Faillld.

of Cocos

.. 20

31

RESEA.nCH

~ Bangalore' and the 'C III an.y of the pits Wa,s not fou a perIOd of six months.

. 11. !he Improved Oopra .ll l~0makll1g copra in the kiln ( J. halves). Copra was rea a ay. The quality of col! number of shells required for (shells of 200 nuts) t' . . cos InfF 8 mamtamed inside the k'lth tin

b va

e ex. ernal temperature. TI copra I th .n e rallly season whel

!2. Livestock.- Olle pair durmg the year 'I'h .' . e pall' pIb Ilu. ocks developed 's.pa· of th h' 1 V1l1 COe me legs.

1.3. Petty construction and repairs to non-residential b . completed 'c1f-n'ing the year, a~ l~

(1) Oravelling roads (2) Erection of" Stevens~

meteorological instrul11e (3) Construction of concre

14. Exkibilions.-Suitab1e € coconuts, varieties of coconuts, ( etc., were sent to the £011 .owmg e

(1) ~ll-~ndia Khadi and TI'lchmopo1y, Ca1icut

(2) Agricultural (3) Exhibition at (4) Agricultural Exhib (5) District Agricultural

and Nellore. (6) Agricultural and (7) Rural Uplift Classes

KASARAGOD

30th JUly 1940.

COIMBATORE,

5th August 1940.

GlUCULTUBAL STATIONS

acre yields of green stuff in lb.

Seasons. r A.._-----_____

June 19~9. July 1939. October 1039.

109 Failed. 756 :317

232' Failed.

no significant differences between

of green stuff obtained was rather

in this tract. .

were sown in Block IX outskirts

with I} feet spacing. The germi

luxuriantly. The green stuff in October 1939 was estimated crop was left to seed and about

the area. to be used as green manure

not thrive so well in the shade

seedlings were planted during

Seedlings planted.

of Cocos plumosa and two of Cocos mstralis. onut- vVorld varieties 20

2arf 1~1 1011

~l x Dwarf crosses 3 ~l X Tall crosses ., .. d inary ta.ll_ (colour types)

2 3

31

tylon variety (to fill up gaps) arf

6 2

ing quantities of seeds and seedlings trict Officers and the public :

5,867 1,628

567 lb. 38

40 50

posting trials according to the batore' methods were started in composted was COCOllut leaves and

Kamined after 3} month8, 7 .months e year , the material was not in a

·tion. I~OO lb. of dry coconut leaflets and ioles were started in Janual'Y 1940 Iby 5' deep, both according to the

,

RESE.AnCH STATION, KASARAGOD. 407

, Bangalore ' and' the 'Coimbatore' methods. The material in any of the pits was not found to be properly decomposed after a period of six months.

II. The Improved Copra Kiln (ten acre).-TrialB were conducted in ma.king copra in the kiln. Each charge consisted of 50 nuts (100 halves). Copra was ready in four days of 10 hours drying a da.y. The quality of copra obtained was satisfactory. The number of shellB required for feeding the fire was about 400 halves (sh{'lls of 200 nuts) costing about four annas. The temperature maintained inside the kiln varied fi'om 40° C- 50°C depen ding on the external temperature. The kiln is a useful device for making copra in the rainy season when sun drying is not possible.

12. Livestock.-One pair of work bullocks was maintained during the year. The pair put in 218k days' work. One of the bullocks developed 'spavin coupled with string halt' in the joints of the hind legs.

13. Petty const1·11.ction ancl Tepail's.-In addition to the annual repairs to non-residential buildings, the following works were completed 'clJuing the year, at costs noted against each :

RS. A. P.

(1) Gravelling roads 225 0 0 (2) Erection of" Stevenson Screen" for housing

meteorological instruments 59 15 6 (3) Construction of concrete signboard 33 0 0

H. Exkib&tions.- Sllitable exhibits consisting of ideal seed coconuts, varieties of coconuts, coconut seedlings, samples of copra, etc., were sent to the following exhibitions :

(I) All-India Khadi and Swadeshi Exhibition, Srirangam, Trichinopoly, Calicut and :Madras.

(2) Agricultural College Day Exhibition, Coimbatore. (3) Exhibition at Tirukadayur. (4) Agricultural Exhibition, NIannargudi and Tekkali. (5) District Agricultural Exhibition and Cattle Show, Nagaram

and N ellore. (6) Agricultural and Industrial Exhibition, Vuyyur. (7) Rural Uplift Classes Exhibition , Tiruvannamalai.

KASARAGOD, G. V. NARAYANA, 30th July 1940. Superintendent.

COIMBATORE, C. 1\'I. JOHN, ·5th August 1940. Oil-Seeds Specialist.

I

I

408 REPORTS OF AGRICULTURAL STATIONSANNUAL

APPENDIX.

I

AND eH UtGES OF THE AGRICULTURALSTATEMENT OF RECEIPTS , I III • P ODE NILESWAR 1 ANDRESEARCH STATIONS KASARAGOD, ILUC ,

FOR 1939-40 (JULY 1939-JUNE 1940).

Receipts.

XXIX. Agriculture.-A. Agricultural Receipts-A"riculturol StatlOns .. Miscellaneous .. Recovery of overpayments Rent on buildings Deduct-Refunds

Total-Agricultural Receipts

XXXIX. Civil Works . . Rents of buildings-Provmclal

XLV. Stationery and Printing

Charges.

40. c. Agriculture-Experiment~1 FarmsA. Agricultural Research St~tIOl:S-

1 Pay and Allowance of Staff-Voted. Pay of Establishment--Permanent

Pay of Establishment-Temporary Travelling Allowance . . . .

Total-I. Pay and Allowances

2. Contingencies:-Vot~d-Other contmgenclCs .. . Petty construction and repaIrs

Deadstock ..

\Vorking expensesR llpairs and upkeep Maintenance of cattle Coolie labour Miscellaneous cultivation expenses Manures and chemicals .. Seeds and plants Sundries ..

Total

Total-\Vorking expenses

Total-2. Contingencies-Voted

Gr~nd total-A. Agriculturalli,esearch Stations

us. A. P.

2,713 3 2 151 2 6

9 9 0 ·90 0 0

- 31 9 0

2,932 5 -----

629 0 0

14 0

4,430 11 0 4,799 6 0

347 3 0

9,577 4 0

606 13 4 1,217 6 0

1,824 3 4

131 4 4

676 9 544 8

2,289 9 2,122 9 ~ 2,302 & 5

362 7 8 3.50 15 7

8,649 3 4

10,004 11 0

20,181 15 0

.\NNUAL REPOR'L' OF THE

STATION, NANJANAD, FOR

Season.-The total ra.infall of 51.4 days, was just below the average for monsoons were favourable for the amounting to 7'90 inches received n.ccompanied by high winds, were for all the standing crops. 8'66 ' 2nd and 3rd week of August were the 2nd crop potato, but detrimental orop. The September rains of 5.50 the second week, facilitated the \veeding of cereal crops. The Octobe inches just above the average for the ficial for all the standing crops except: were setting grains. In November, 9 during the last week. December to' .M with frost for about 24 days. In April, the last week, facilitated the main sow' green manure crop. The May rains amfj lited the newly sown crops. In June with high winds which defoliated the fields exposed to the monsoon. The rain

2. OropS--Potato (Solanum t~tbe1'osun ments were conducted during the year'

TABLE r. (a) Oomparative

Object.-To test different cultures of

QUllntity planted per plot. .'umber of tubers per plot Data of planting Date of harve~ting Previous crop Field number

Randomized b peated 4 times.

0'5 cent (48'4' X Second crop seed,

39. 3 months old. 12! Th. 128 :lrd April H)39 " 14th September 1 Samai 13

Details of ~Tf'.fJ,~m~p.ni A. Bcncrunehau (Colltrol) . . B. Great Scot X Coolloor White C. Golden Wonder x CoonoOJ' White D. Ea.rly Market x Coonoor White " E. Golden 'Yonder x Late Cat'lU[lll .. F. Kerr's Pink x Coonoor White G. Late Carman X Coonoor White .. H. Talisman x COOIlOor Whlt,e