septa ayne junction sfc rehabilitation wayne junction sfc rehabilitation location philadelphia, pa...

SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY

SEPTA WAYNE JUNCTION SFC REHABILITATION

SEPTA PO NO. S-863197

STV PROJECT NO. 4017500

DESIGN CRITERIA DOC. NO. EVAL-4017500-E-002

REV. D MARCH 17, 2017

Document Name Design Criteria Seal, Signature, and Date Document Number EVAL-4017500-E-002 Revision D Date March 17, 2017 Total Pages 101 Client SEPTA Project Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Location Philadelphia, PA Engineering Firm STV Incorporated

1818 Market St., Suite 1410 Philadelphia, PA 19103

Certificate of Authorization N/A Professional Engineer Brandon S. Swartley, P.E. License Number PE055403E

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87

Revision Description

Revision Date Description A 3/27/16 30% submittal B 9/23/16 60% submittal C 11/29/16 60% submittal revised D 3/17/17 90% submittal to respond to SFCC questions

Action Name

Prepared Brandon S. Swartley, P.E.

Reviewed Jerry Jakubowski

Approved Brandon S. Swartley, P.E.

Contributing Authors

Brandon Swartley SFC and Power Systems Jerry Jakubowski Traction Power John Hopkins Electrical Power Gustav Hertz Communications and SCADA Gavin McManaman Structural John Pizzi Geotechnical Daryl Summerson Mechanical Kevin Brady Plumbing and Fire Protection Doug Glorie Environmental Ahmed Osman Civil Kelly Freeman Architectural Ron Pierri Site Survey Brian Hobbs Zoning and Permits


Table of Contents

1.0 General ............................................................................................................................................................ 8

1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Project Requirements ............................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Site Description......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... 11 1.5 Codes, Standards, and References ........................................................................................................ 13 1.6 Design Life .............................................................................................................................................. 18 1.7 Project Integration ................................................................................................................................... 18

2.0 Electrical ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 2.1 Design Conditions ................................................................................................................................... 21 2.2 Station Single-Line Diagram ................................................................................................................... 21 2.3 SFC Power Block .................................................................................................................................... 22 2.4 SFC Control Room ................................................................................................................................. 24 2.5 SFC 60 Hz Input Transformers ............................................................................................................... 25 2.6 SFC 60 Hz Filter Yard ............................................................................................................................. 27 2.7 SFC 25 Hz Output Transformers ............................................................................................................ 28 2.8 SFC 25 Hz Filter and Breaker Yard ........................................................................................................ 30 2.9 25 Hz Traction Power Substation ........................................................................................................... 31 2.10 System Load Demand ............................................................................................................................ 31 2.11 PECO Customer Requirements .............................................................................................................. 38 2.12 60 Hz Operating Requirements .............................................................................................................. 38 2.13 60 Hz Short-Circuit Availability ............................................................................................................... 39 2.14 Harmonics and Electromagnetic Compatibility ....................................................................................... 39 2.15 230 kV Substation ................................................................................................................................... 40 2.16 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Switchgear ..................................................................................................................... 42 2.17 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Auxiliary Power Transformers ........................................................................................ 44 2.18 13.2 kV, 60 Hz System Operating Characteristics .................................................................................. 44 2.19 13.2 kV, 60 Hz SFC Supply Circuits ....................................................................................................... 45 2.20 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Circuit Breakers .............................................................................................................. 46 2.21 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Busbars .......................................................................................................................... 46 2.22 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Air Disconnect and Grounding Switches ........................................................................ 47 2.23 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Surge Arresters .............................................................................................................. 47 2.24 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Instrument Transformers ................................................................................................ 48 2.25 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Insulators ........................................................................................................................ 48 2.26 6.9 kV, 60 Hz Switchgear ....................................................................................................................... 48 2.27 480 V, 60 Hz Switchgear ........................................................................................................................ 48 2.28 Low-Voltage Distribution System ............................................................................................................ 49


2.29 125 V dc Power System ......................................................................................................................... 49 2.30 Lighting ................................................................................................................................................... 49 2.31 Grounding ............................................................................................................................................... 50 2.32 Lightning Protection ................................................................................................................................ 51 2.33 Power and Control Cable ........................................................................................................................ 51 2.34 Cable Installation Criteria ........................................................................................................................ 52 2.35 Underground Installation Criteria ............................................................................................................ 52 2.36 Medium-Voltage Cable Terminations ...................................................................................................... 52 2.37 Control Circuit Voltage Ranges .............................................................................................................. 52 2.38 Conduit Bends and Fill ............................................................................................................................ 53 2.39 25 Hz, 24/12 kV System Characteristics ................................................................................................. 53 2.40 25 Hz, 24/12 kV Circuit Breakers ............................................................................................................ 54 2.41 25 Hz Busbars ........................................................................................................................................ 54 2.42 25 Hz Air Switches .................................................................................................................................. 55 2.43 25 Hz Surge Arresters ............................................................................................................................ 55 2.44 25 Hz Instrument Transformers .............................................................................................................. 56 2.45 25 Hz Insulators ...................................................................................................................................... 56 2.46 25 Hz Power Cables ............................................................................................................................... 57 2.47 Interlocking ............................................................................................................................................. 58 2.48 SFC Protective Relaying ......................................................................................................................... 58 2.49 25 Hz Substation Protective Relaying ..................................................................................................... 58

3.0 Fire Detection and Annunciation .................................................................................................................... 59 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 59 3.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 59

4.0 Communications and Control ......................................................................................................................... 60 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 60 4.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 60

5.0 Security .......................................................................................................................................................... 61 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 61 5.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 61

6.0 Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning ..................................................................................................... 62 6.1 General Design Criteria .......................................................................................................................... 62 6.2 Roof Top Units ........................................................................................................................................ 62 6.3 Make-Up Air Units ................................................................................................................................... 62 6.4 Ductwork ................................................................................................................................................. 62 6.5 Exhaust Fans .......................................................................................................................................... 62 6.6 Outdoor Air Intakes ................................................................................................................................. 62 6.7 New Control System ............................................................................................................................... 63 6.8 New HVAC Systems for SFC Rooms ..................................................................................................... 63 6.9 New HVAC Systems for SFC Corridors .................................................................................................. 63

7.0 Plumbing ........................................................................................................................................................ 64


7.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 64 7.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 64

8.0 Fire Protection ............................................................................................................................................... 65 8.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 65 8.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 65

9.0 Architectural ................................................................................................................................................... 67 9.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 67 9.2 Building Classification ............................................................................................................................. 67 9.3 Repairs and Upgrades ............................................................................................................................ 69 9.4 SFC #4 Building Design .......................................................................................................................... 72

10.0 Structural ....................................................................................................................................................... 73 10.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 73 10.2 Building Design Criteria .......................................................................................................................... 74

11.0 Geotechnical .................................................................................................................................................. 77 11.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 77 11.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 77

12.0 Civil ................................................................................................................................................................ 79 12.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 79 12.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 79

13.0 Survey ............................................................................................................................................................ 80 13.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 80 13.2 Site Survey ............................................................................................................................................. 81

14.0 Environmental ................................................................................................................................................ 81 14.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 81 14.2 Design Criteria ........................................................................................................................................ 81

15.0 Regulatory Compliance and Permits ............................................................................................................. 83 15.1 Wetlands ................................................................................................................................................. 83 15.2 100-year Floodplains .............................................................................................................................. 83 15.3 Threatened and Endangered Species Habitat ........................................................................................ 83 15.4 Permitting Requirements ........................................................................................................................ 83 15.5 Buy America ........................................................................................................................................... 83

16.0 Site Construction Phasing .............................................................................................................................. 83 16.1 General Construction Sequence ............................................................................................................. 83 16.2 Construction of New SFC building .......................................................................................................... 85 16.3 Construction of Duct Banks .................................................................................................................... 85 16.4 Construction of Oil Containment Pits ...................................................................................................... 85 16.5 Repair of Existing Foundations and Building .......................................................................................... 85 16.6 Installation of New SFCs ........................................................................................................................ 86 16.7 Testing and Commissioning of New SFCs ............................................................................................. 86 16.8 Operation in Parallel with Existing Converters ........................................................................................ 86 16.9 Rigging and Transportation Constraints ................................................................................................. 86


16.10 Protection of Equipment During Excavation, Demolition, and Construction ............................................ 87

Tables

Table 1 - Design Conditions ......................................................................................................................................... 21 Table 2 - Existing Converter Unit Ratings and Design ................................................................................................. 22 Table 3 - New SFC Requirements ............................................................................................................................... 24 Table 4 - Existing 60 Hz Input Converter Transformer (Typical) .................................................................................. 25 Table 5 - Existing 60 Hz Filter Yard .............................................................................................................................. 28 Table 6 - 25 Hz Output Transformer Specifications ..................................................................................................... 29 Table 7 - PECO Billing Data ......................................................................................................................................... 32 Table 8 - SFC #3, July 24, 2014, Measurements vs Ratings ....................................................................................... 34 Table 9 - SFC #3, January 7, 2015, Measurements vs Ratings ................................................................................... 36 Table 10 - 60 Hz System Characteristics ..................................................................................................................... 38 Table 11 - 60 Hz Short-Circuit Characteristics ............................................................................................................. 39 Table 12 - Existing 230-13.2 kV Substation Transformer 1 .......................................................................................... 40 Table 13 - Existing 230-13.2 kV Substation Transformer 2 .......................................................................................... 41 Table 14 - SFC Input Circuit Breaker Ratings .............................................................................................................. 43 Table 15 - Existing 13.2 kV Auxiliary Power Transformers .......................................................................................... 44 Table 16 - 13.2 kV System Characteristics .................................................................................................................. 44 Table 17 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz SFC Supply Cables ............................................................................................................ 45 Table 18 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Manholes ............................................................................................................................ 46 Table 19 - New 13.2 kV Circuit Breakers ..................................................................................................................... 46 Table 20 - 13.2 kV Open-Air Substation Busbars ......................................................................................................... 46 Table 21 - 13.2 kV Disconnect and Grounding Switches ............................................................................................. 47 Table 22 - 60 Hz Surge Arresters Connected Line-to-Ground ..................................................................................... 47 Table 23 - 60 Hz Surge Arresters Connected Line-to-Line .......................................................................................... 47 Table 24 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Current Transformers ......................................................................................................... 48 Table 25 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Potential Transformers ....................................................................................................... 48 Table 26 - 60 Hz Insulators .......................................................................................................................................... 48 Table 27 - 480 V Distribution Feeder Data ................................................................................................................... 49 Table 28 - Cable Installation Parameters ..................................................................................................................... 52 Table 29 - Control Circuit Voltages .............................................................................................................................. 52 Table 30 - Conduit Fill Capacity ................................................................................................................................... 53 Table 31 - Conduit Minimum Bend Radius ................................................................................................................... 53 Table 32 - 13.2 kV, 25 Hz System Characteristics ....................................................................................................... 53 Table 33 - 25 Hz, 46 kV, Two-Pole Circuit Breaker ...................................................................................................... 54 Table 34 - 25 Hz Open-Air Substation Busbars ........................................................................................................... 54 Table 35 - 25 Hz Disconnect and Grounding Switches ................................................................................................ 55 Table 36 - 25 Hz Surge Arresters ................................................................................................................................. 55 Table 37 - 25 Hz Current Transformers ....................................................................................................................... 56 Table 38 - 25 Hz Potential Transformers ..................................................................................................................... 56 Table 39 - 25 Hz Insulators .......................................................................................................................................... 56 Table 40 - 25 Hz Power Cables ................................................................................................................................... 57 Table 41 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz SFC Protective Relaying ..................................................................................................... 58 Table 42 - 24/12 kV, 25 Hz SFC Protective Relaying ................................................................................................... 58 Table 43 - 24/12 kV, 25 Hz Substation Protective Relaying ......................................................................................... 58 Table 44 - Outdoor Design Temperatures .................................................................................................................... 62 Table 45 - Indoor Design Temperatures ...................................................................................................................... 62 Table 46 - Internal Loads ............................................................................................................................................. 62 Table 47 - Water Flow Test Data from 6/13/15 ............................................................................................................ 66 Table 48 - Preliminary Code Review - 2009 IBC .......................................................................................................... 67 Table 49 - SFC #1 Repairs and Upgrades ................................................................................................................... 69 Table 50 - SFC #2 Repairs and Upgrades ................................................................................................................... 70 Table 51 - SFC #3 Recommended Repairs and Upgrades .......................................................................................... 70 Table 52 - Control Building Repairs and Upgrades ...................................................................................................... 71 Table 53 - Structural Steel ........................................................................................................................................... 74 Table 54 - Concrete 28-Day Compressive Strength ..................................................................................................... 74

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 Table 55 - Reinforcing Steel ......................................................................................................................................... 74 Table 56 - Masonry ...................................................................................................................................................... 74 Table 57 - Dead Loads ................................................................................................................................................. 75 Table 58 - Floor and Roof Live Loads .......................................................................................................................... 75 Table 59 - Wind Loads ................................................................................................................................................. 75 Table 60 - Snow Loads ................................................................................................................................................ 75 Table 61 - Seismic Loading .......................................................................................................................................... 76 Table 62 - Allowable Deflections .................................................................................................................................. 76 Table 63 - Allowable Building Story Drifts .................................................................................................................... 76 Table 64 - P-Multipliers ................................................................................................................................................ 78 Table 65 - Seismic Design Parameters ........................................................................................................................ 78

Figures

Figure 1 - Wayne Junction SFC Site ............................................................................................................................ 10 Figure 2 - Proposed Single-Line Diagram .................................................................................................................... 21 Figure 3 - Block Diagram of Existing Cycloconverter Unit ............................................................................................ 23 Figure 4 - Existing SFC #2 Converter Room ................................................................................................................ 23 Figure 5 - SFC Control Room ...................................................................................................................................... 25 Figure 6 - 60 Hz Converter Transformer (SFC #1 left, SFC #2 right) ........................................................................... 26 Figure 7 - 60 Hz Converter Transformer (cable connections) ...................................................................................... 27 Figure 8 - 60 Hz Filter Yard #2 ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 9 - 25 Hz Output Transformer ........................................................................................................................... 29 Figure 10 - 25 Hz SFC Filter and Circuit Breaker Yard ................................................................................................ 30 Figure 11 - Existing 25 Hz Traction Power Substation ................................................................................................. 31 Figure 12 - SFC #3, July 24, 2014 ............................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 13 - SFC #3, July 24, 2014, Measurements vs Ratings .................................................................................... 33 Figure 14 - WJSFC Station Output, July 24, 2014, 30-Minute Average ....................................................................... 34 Figure 15 - SFC #3, January 7, 2015 ........................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 16 - SFC #3, January 7, 2015, Measurements vs Ratings ................................................................................ 35 Figure 17 - WJSFC, Station Output, 30-Minute Average ............................................................................................. 36 Figure 18 - WJSFC, Station Output, 1-Second Measurement Rate ............................................................................. 37 Figure 19 - PECO 230 kV System Supplying Wayne Junction .................................................................................... 39 Figure 20 - 230-13.2 kV Substation Transformer ......................................................................................................... 41 Figure 21 - Spare SFC 15 kV Circuit Breaker .............................................................................................................. 43 Figure 22 - SFC #4 13.2 kV circuit breaker and relay cabinet (outside and inside) ...................................................... 43 Figure 23 - Auxiliary Power Transformers .................................................................................................................... 44 Figure 24 - Control Room lighting fixtures .................................................................................................................... 50 Figure 25 - Suspended fixtures in the SFC building corridor ........................................................................................ 50 Figure 26 - Existing Fire Alarm and Halon System Control Panel in SFC building ....................................................... 59 Figure 27 - Existing QEI Cabinet located in the SFC building Control Room ............................................................... 60 Figure 28 – Existing occupancy sensor located in SFC building corridor ..................................................................... 61

Attachments

Attachment 1 - Scope of Work - Summary

Appendices

None

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 1.0 General The scope of this document is to define the engineering design criteria for the Wayne Junction Static Frequency Converter Station (WJSFC) Rehabilitation Project. This design criteria shall be used as the basis for all equipment specifications and design documents, providing the minimum design requirements. Where conflicts exist between design documents, the more stringent requirement shall take precedence, unless otherwise approved by SEPTA.

1.1 Introduction The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) operates a system of commuter rail lines in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. The system, known as the Regional Rail Division (RRD), consists of various routes formerly owned by the Reading and Pennsylvania Railroads. The former Reading system is supplied with traction power from SEPTA's converter substation at Wayne Junction and the former Pennsylvania system is supplied by the Amtrak traction power system. Although the railway tracks of both systems are joined through the Center City Commuter Connection, the traction power networks for each are of different types and operate independently. The electrical systems are separated by phase breaks in the overhead power distribution system.

The majority of the RRD was electrified in the early 1900's and has operated safely and reliably ever since. Today, some of the original equipment is still in service, but due to equipment age, many electrical subsystems and components are at or near the end of their useful life and need to be replaced. One of these subsystems is the static frequency converter facility at the Wayne Junction power substation, located at 18th Street and Wagner Avenue in Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA.

The three existing SFCs at the Wayne Junction facility were built in the 1980s by ASEA (now ABB), and are now in need of replacement due to age. These SFCs consist of three 15 MVA, solid-state, cycloconverter-based modules converting 13.2 kV, 60 Hz, three-phase power into 36/24/12 kV, 25 Hz, single-phase power for use on SEPTA's Regional Rail system. In addition, to achieve greater capacity and reliability, a fourth converter is to be added to, and integrated with, the existing three converters.

1.2 Project Requirements

As part of this contract, SEPTA requires to supplement these existing SFCs with a fourth SFC unit and also upgrade the existing three SFC units. The project requirements related to the new SFC power block include:

• The design, construction, testing, and commissioning into full service of one new SFC, with an input of 13.2 kV, 60 Hz, 3-phase and an output of 36/24/12 kV, 25 Hz, single phase. The full-load power capacity of the new SFC shall be not less than 15 MW. The Wayne Junction converter output transformer has three bushings on its secondary side: 12 kV trolley, 24 kV feeder, and a solidly-grounded rail connection tapped at 1/3 of the secondary winding. Voltage measured from trolley-to-feeder is 36 kV, trolley-to-rail is 12 kV, and feeder-to-rail is 24 kV.

• The construction of a new building for the fourth SFC attached to the existing SFC #3 facility with control and protection equipment for the new SFC in the existing Control Room.

• A new isolation switch and relay protection supplied in the 25 Hz substation. The new SFC shall be fully interoperable and compatible with the existing SFCs so that it can perform its function either alone or with any combination of the existing SFCs on line.

• Complete functional overhaul of the three existing SFCs. All components of the SFC systems are to be refurbished or replaced as necessary to restore the system to like-new performance, with an expected lifetime of no less than forty years. This activity includes, but is not limited to, the SFC power block equipment, input and output circuit breakers and transformers, conduits, medium voltage cables and control cables and terminations, and miscellaneous electrical accessories. In particular, it is required that:

1. The control computer be brought up to date and include controls for all four converters.


2. The protection relays be brought up to date with the latest technology.

3. The individual converter control equipment be brought up to date with the latest technology.

4. All cooling fans be renewed.

5. All electronic equipment in the converter cubicles and control cubicles be replaced with new technology.

6. The traction power bus protection be recalibrated, incorporating the fourth converter.

In addition to the SFC power block equipment, the project also requires:

1. The replacement of the existing Pyrotronic suppression/fire alarm control panels with a new updated addressable fire alarm system and a Halon suppression activation panel in the Wayne Junction 230 kV substation and SFC building.

2. An analysis of the structural stability of the existing SFC building with recommendations for remediation of any defects found.

1.3 Site Description

Site Name: Wayne Junction SFC Station

Site Billing Address: SEPTA Wayne Junction 4500 Germantown Ave Philadelphia, PA 19144

Site Property Address: SEPTA Wayne Junction 1754 Wagner Ave Philadelphia, PA 19144

Project Owner: Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA)

Owner’s Address: SEPTA 1234 Market St. Philadelphia, PA 19103

Quadrangle Name: Germantown

Decimal Degrees: 40.0261 N, -75.1552 W (Google Maps)

Proposed Construction: PECO provides electrical power for SEPTA's train service. At present, frequency conversion is accomplished by three 1980 vintage, 15 MVA static converters at WJSFC station. Four new 15 MVA frequency converters are proposed for WJSFC station. The existing three SFCs will be removed one at a time and replaced with three new SFCs. A new building will be constructed to house one new SFC.

Major SFC Equipment: Four identical SFCs, each rated at 15 MVA, located within a concrete masonry unit (CMU) constructed building. The SFC equipment includes four new step-down transformers, power converters, filters, cooling equipment, local controls, and step-up transformers, as required.

Auxiliary Equipment: An existing SFC Building contains SFC controls, SCADA, SER, power distribution switchgear, batteries, lighting, HVAC, and plumbing for the existing three SFC units. An addition will extend the building to house one new SFC unit.


There are two existing 1500/2250 kVA, 13.2 kV-480Y/277 V, 3-phase, 60 Hz transformers that supply auxiliary power to the SFC Building. They are located on the west side of the 230 kV Control Building.

Converter Input Voltage: 13.2 kV, 60 Hz, 3-ph from the 230 kV Substation Control Building.

480Y/277 V, 60 Hz, 3-ph, 4-wire for auxiliary equipment.

Converter Output Voltage: 24/12 kV, 1-ph, 25 Hz, to the SEPTA Wayne Junction Traction Power Substation (WJTPSS). The converter output transformer supplies a traction power system directly. The system voltages are 12 kV from trolley-to-rail, 24 kV from feeder-to-rail, and 36 kV from trolley-to-feeder. The output transformer secondary is rated 36 kV bushing-to-bushing with the winding tapped at 1/3 from the trolley bushing. The connection to rail is solidly-grounded.

Figure 1 - Wayne Junction SFC Site

230 kV control building

(13.2 kV switchgear)

60 Hz Filter Yard

SFC #1 SFC #2

SFC #3

Future SFC #4

25 Hz Filter Y d

25 Hz Traction Power

S b t ti

Control Bld

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 The site layout is shown in Figure 1 above. From left to right:

1. 230 kV control building - contains 13.2 kV and 480 V switchgear that supplies converter power block and auxiliary systems.

2. Auxiliary power transformers - located to the right of the control building.

3. 60 Hz filter yard

4. 60 Hz converter input transformers

5. SFC control building and SFC rooms

6. 25 Hz converter output transformers

7. 25 Hz filter yard

8. 25 Hz traction power substation

1.4 Definitions

ac alternating current

AMCA Air Movement and Control Association

ARI Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute

BJT bipolar junction transistors

BUR built-up roof

CMU concrete masonry unit

dc direct current

FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency

FIRM flood insurance rate map

GIS geographic information system

GPR ground penetrating radar

GTO gate turn-off thyristor

HVdc high-voltage direct current

IGBT insulated-gate bipolar transistor

IGCT integrated gate-commutated thyristor

MMC modular multilevel converter

MMDC modular multilevel direct converter

MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconducting field effect transistor

NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

NWI National Wetlands Inventory

PA Pennsylvania

PADEP Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

PECO Philadelphia Electric Company

PNDI Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Index


PPI press-pack IGBT

RCP reinforced concrete pipe

RTU (Communications) remote terminal unit

RTU (Mechanical) roof top unit

SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition

SCR silicon-controlled rectifier

SEPTA Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority

SER sequence of events recorder

SFC static frequency converter

SONET synchronous optical network

SOW scope of work

TPSS traction power substation

USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service

VSC voltage-source converter

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 1.5 Codes, Standards, and References All design shall conform to or exceed the requirements of the latest version of the codes or standards that are identified throughout every section of these criteria. If a new edition or amendment to a code or standard is issued before the design is completed, SEPTA shall determine if the new edition or amendment is to be used.

All codes, standards, and references have been numbered in continuous sequential order in order to be uniquely cross-referenced in this document. Other required codes and standards are listed in specifications.

1.5.1 Electrical Codes and Standards

1. Exelon, ComEd and PECO Transmission Facility Connection Requirements, 5/2014.

2. ICEA S-108-720-2012, Extruded Insulation Power Cables Rated 46 kV Through 345 kV.

3. IEC 61000-3-6-2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-6: Limits - Assessment of emission limits for the connection of distorting installations to MV, HV and EHV power systems.

4. IEC 61000-4-1-2016, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-1: Testing and measurement techniques - Overview of IEC 61000-4 series.

5. EN 50121-5-2006, Railway applications. Electromagnetic compatibility. Emission and immunity of fixed power supply installations and apparatus.

6. IEEE 1119-1998, IEEE Guide for Fence Safety Clearances in Electric Supply Stations.

7. IEEE 141-1993, IEEE Recommended Practice for Electric Power Distribution for Industrial Plants.

8. IEEE 32-1972, IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Procedure for Neutral Grounding Resistor.

9. IEEE 519-2014, IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems.

10. IEEE 80-2002, IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding.

11. IEEE 835-1994, IEEE Standard Power Ampacity Tables.

12. IEEE 837-2002, IEEE Standard for Qualifying Permanent Connections Used in Substation Grounding.

13. IEEE 998-2012, IEEE Guide for Direct Lightning Stroke Shielding of Substations.

14. IEEE C2-2012, National Electrical Safety Code.

15. IEEE C37.06-2009, IEEE Standard for ac High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis - Preferred Ratings and Related Required Capabilities for Voltages Above 1000 V.

16. IEEE C37.20.2-1999, IEEE Standard for Metal-Clad Switchgear.

17. IEEE C37.30-1997, IEEE Standard Requirements for High-Voltage Switches.

18. IEEE C37.32-2002, American National Standard for High Voltage Switches, Bus Supports, and Accessories Schedules of Preferred Ratings, Construction Guidelines, and Specifications.

19. IEEE C37.90-2005, IEEE Standard for Relays and Relay Systems Associated with Electric Power Apparatus


20. IEEE C50.13-2005, IEEE Standard for Cylindrical-Rotor 50 Hz and 60 Hz Synchronous Generators Rated 10 MVA and Above.

21. IEEE C57.13-2008, IEEE Standard Requirements for Instrument Transformers.

22. IEEE C62.22-2009, IEEE Guide for the Application of Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for Alternating-Current Systems.

23. NEMA C29.9-1983, Wet Process Porcelain Insulators - Apparatus, Post Type.

24. NEMA WC 53-2008/ICEA T-27-581, Standard Test Methods for Extruded Dielectric Power, Control, Instrumentation, and Portable Cables for Test.

25. NEMA WC 57-2004/ICEA S-73-532, Standard for Control, Thermocouple Extension, and Instrumentation Cables.

26. NEMA WC 63.2-1996, Performance Standard for Coaxial Premise Data Communications Cables.

27. NEMA WC 70-2009/ICEA S-95-658, Power Cables Rated 2000 V or Less for the Distribution of Electrical Energy.

28. NEMA WC 74-2006/ICEA S-93-639, 5-46 kV Shielded Power Cable for Use in the Transmission and Distribution of Electric Energy.

29. NFPA 70-2008, The National Electrical Code (adopted by City of Philadelphia).

30. NFPA 72-2013, National Fire Alarm Signaling Code.

31. PECO Electric Service Requirements (ESR) Manual, Section 7, Services Over 600 V, 10/2011.

32. PECO Energy Company, Electric Service Tariff, issued 7/17/2015, effective 9/1/2015.

33. Philadelphia Building Construction and Occupancy Code, Subcode “E” Philadelphia Electrical Code.

34. Philadelphia Building Construction and Occupancy Code. Subcode “F” Philadelphia Fire Code.

35. PJM Design Criteria for Electrical Facilities Connected to the PJM 500 kV, 345 kV and 230 kV Transmission System, TSDS Technical Requirements, 5/20/2002.

36. PJM Manual 03, Transmission Operations, Rev. 47A, 7/1/2015.

37. RUS Bulletin 1724E-300, Design Guide for Rural Substations, USDA RUS, Issued 6/2001.

1.5.2 Mechanical Codes and Standards

38. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) Standards.

39. Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA) Standards.

40. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Handbooks.

41. City of Philadelphia Code Title 14, Chapter 14-704.

42. City of Philadelphia Code, Title 14 Zoning and Planning Code.

43. Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association (SMACNA) Standards.

1.5.3 Architectural Codes and Standards

44. International Building Code (IBC) 2009, PA Edition.


45. International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) 2009.

46. International Mechanical Code (IMC) 2009.

47. National Environmental Balancing Bureau (NEBB) Standards.

48. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards.

1.5.4 Structural Codes and Standards

49. ACI 301-05, Specifications for Structural Concrete.

50. ACI 318-08/ACI 318R-08, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary.

51. ACI 530.1-08, Specification for Masonry Structures & Commentary.

52. ACI 530-08, Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures & Commentary.

53. ACI Precast and Prestressed Concrete (PCI) Design Handbook.

54. AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges, 2005

55. AISC Design Guide No. 3, Serviceability Design Guide Considerations for Low-Rise Buildings, 2nd ed.

56. AISC Design Guide No. 7, Industrial Buildings, Roofs to Anchor Rods, 2nd ed.

57. AISC Steel Construction Manual, 13th Edition.

58. ASCE 7-05, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.

59. AWS D1.1-04, Structural Welding Code – Steel.

60. AWS D1.3-98, Structural Welding Code – Sheet Steel.

61. AWS D1.4-98, Structural Welding Code – Reinforcing Steel.

62. Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI).

63. International Building Code (IBC) 2009, PA Edition.

64. Manual of Standard Practice for Reinforced Concrete Construction.

65. SDI No. 31, Design Manual for Composite Decks, Form Decks and Roof Decks.

66. SDI No. DDMO3, Diaphragm Design Manual, 3rd ed.

67. SDI No. MOC2, Manual of Construction with Steel Deck.

1.5.5 Geotechnical Codes and Standards 68. International Building Code, 2009 Edition (IBC 2009).

69. ASCE/SEI 7-05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.

70. Subsurface Investigations – Geotechnical Site Characterization, FHWA NHI-01-031, May 2002.

71. Geotechnical Engineering Circular No. 6 – Shallow Foundations, FHWA-SA-02-054, September 2002.

72. Design and Construction of Driven Pile Foundations – FHWA NHI-05-042 Volume 1 and 2 April 2006.

1.5.6 Civil Codes and Standards 73. Pennsylvania Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, PA Department of

Environmental Protection, 2006 Edition.


74. Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual, PA Department of Environmental Protection, 2012 Edition.

75. Urban Drainage Design Manual, Federal Highway Administration, Third Edition.

1.5.7 Environmental Codes and Standards 76. National Emission Standards for Hazard Air Pollution (NESHAP) (cited as 40 CFR Part

61 Subpart M).

77. OSHA 29 CFR 1926.62, Lead.

78. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120, Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response.

79. OSHA 40 CFR Part 265 Subpart D, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Contingency Plan.

80. Title 25, Part 1, Subpart C Article III, Chapters 123, 133, 137, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP).

81. Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 101 (Hazardous Substances).

82. Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 91.34 (PA Water Quality Program).

83. PADEP Act 2 of 1995, The Land Recycling and Environmental Remediation Standards Act.

84. Pennsylvania Asbestos Occupations Accreditation and Certification Act of 1990 (Act 194 and Act 161).

85. City of Philadelphia, Title 6, Asbestos Control Regulation of Board of Health.

1.5.8 References

86. Dwg. 3101D-G100, Rev. 2, Wayne Junction Substation Static Frequency Converter Drawing List (Phase I), International Engineering Company (IECo), 12/16/1985.

87. Dwg. 3101D-E340, Sht. 1, Rev. 2, 60 Hz Filter Yard Raceway Layout.

88. Dwg. 3101D-E440, Sht. 1, Rev. 3, Converter and Control Building Raceway Layout - Plan.

89. Dwg. 3101D-E540, Rev. 2, 25 Hz Filter Yard Raceway Layout.

90. Dwg. 5I-26390, G-101, Cover Sheet, Wayne Junction Substation Modernization Program Phase II, Stone and Webster Engineering Corporation (SWEC), 1/16/1987.

91. Dwg. 5I-26391, G-102, Rev. 1, Drawing Number Index, Wayne Junction Substation Modernization Program Phase II, Stone and Webster Engineering Corporation (SWEC), 8/12/1987.

92. Dwg. 5I-26392, G-103, Rev. 1, Drawing Number Index, Wayne Junction Substation Modernization Program Phase II, Stone and Webster Engineering Corporation (SWEC), 8/12/1987.

93. Dwg. 5C-26399, C1, Road and Plot Plan.

94. Dwg. 5C-26400, C2, Road and Plot Plan.

95. Dwg. 5C-26401, C3, Grading and Drainage Plan, Sht. 1.

96. Dwg. 5E-26470, DE-1J, Rev. 1, Main One-Line Diagram, SFC and Traction Power Distribution Interim Arrangement.

97. Dwg. 5E-26471, DE-1S, Rev. 0, Main One-Line Diagram Plant Distribution System.


98. Dwg. 5E-26469, DE-1B, Main One-Line Diagram, 230 kV Static Frequency Converter, Traction Power Substation.

99. Dwg. 5C-26042, C3, Grading and Drainage Plan, Sht. 2.

100. Dwg. 5E-26493, DE-52A, 60 Hz Filter Yard No. 1, Raceway Layout Plan.

101. Dwg. 5E-26494, DE-52B, 60 Hz Filter Yard No. 3, Raceway Layout Plan.

102. Dwg. 5E-26495, DE-52C, 60 Hz Filter Yard No. 4, Raceway Layout Plan.

103. Dwg. 5E-26507, DE-54A, 25HZ Filter Yard-Unit No. 1, Raceway Layout Plan.

104. Dwg. 5E-26507, DE-54A, 25HZ Filter Yard-Unit No. 1, Raceway Layout Plan.

105. Dwg. 5E-26516, DE-58A, Raceways from New 230 kV Substation Control Building to Filter Yards, SFC Building and Traction Power Building, Plan Sht. 1.

106. Dwg. 5E-26517, DE-58B, Raceways From New 230 kV Substation Control Building, Plan Sht. 2.

107. Dwg. 5E-26522, DE-58G, Interim Raceways Between SFC Areas & 25 HZ Switch Yard & Control Building, Plan Sht. 1.

108. ABB Ref. L 5834.1004, XT 180 065-K, SEPTA Wayne Junction SFC Units 1 and 3 Operating Manuals, BK 1990-12-12 - cycloconverter description, ratings, block diagram.

109. ABB SF6 Circuit Breaker, Type HPL 72.5 - 170/25A1-40 A1 with BLG-1002, BK 87-02-03.

110. ASEA Ref. 3834.1002, XN 320 028-A, SEPTA Wayne Junction SFC Unit 2 Operating Manuals - cycloconverter description, ratings, block diagram.

111. L3834.1002 12-22-1983, Ake Petersson, SFC Design Criteria.

112. ASEA XN 350 097-D, Busbar System Data, Three-Phase System.

113. ASEA XN 350 097-C, Busbar System Data, Single-Phase System.

114. Calc. 15948-SK-A, 13.2 kV, 6.9 kV, 480 V Relay Settings, Stone and Webster Engineering Corporation, 6/6/89

115. SEPTA Preliminary Engineering of the Regional Rail Traction Division Power System, LTK Engineering Services, July 1993.

116. Email from W. Szela to B. Swartley, RE: 4017500 Wayne Junction SFC upgrade - utility system information, 8/19/2015.

117. Email from P. Kirlin to B. Swartley, Wayne Junction SFC, 9/2/2015 - service and meter application.

118. Email from P. Kirlin to B. Swartley, Wayne Junction SFC, 9/3/2015 - demand and power factor measurements.

119. "Static Converters, Dynamic Performance," ABB Review, Feb. 2010.

120. "The Railway Connection: Frequency converters for railway power supply," ABB Review, March 2008.

121. Adapa, R., "High-Wire Act," IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, Nov/Dec 2012.

122. Gyugyi, L., and Pelly, B. R., Static Power Frequency Changers: Theory, Performance, and Application, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1976.

123. Jones, A., "Amtrak’s Richmond Static Frequency Converter (SFC) Project," 2002.


124. Mohan N., Power Electronics: Converters, Applications, and Design, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1995.

125. Southwire Power Cable Manual, 2nd Edition, 1997.

126. Okonite Okoguard-Okoseal Type MV-105, 15 kV Shielded Power Cable, Product Data, Section 2, Sheet 8, M/15120208.

127. Okonite Okoguard-Okoseal Type MV-105, 25 kV Shielded Power Cable, Product Data, Section 2, Sheet 14, L/15120214.

128. Okonite Okoguard-Okoseal Type MV-105, 69 kV Shielded Power Cable, Product Data, Section 2, Sheet 18, E/13060218.

129. Okonite Okoguard-Okoclear Type MV-105, 1/c, 1000 kcmil, 46 kV Shielded Power Cable, Dwg. CS-21783, dated 10/2/15.

130. Okonite Installation Practices for Cable Raceway Systems, 2011.

131. ABB Ref. L 5834.1004, XT 180 065-L, SEPTA Wayne Junction SFC Units 1 and 3 Operating Manuals, BK 1990-12-12 - relay and control equipment.

1.6 Design Life

All components of the SFC system are to be refurbished or replaced as necessary to restore the system to like-new performance, with an expected station lifetime of no less than forty (40) years.

1.7 Project Integration The project integration requirements are summarized as follows:

1. The final project configuration will have four 15 MVA SFCs with ratings given in Table 3.

2. The new frequency converters shall be required to operate both independently and in parallel with each other under either manual or automatic load sharing control.

3. Always keep two SFC units in operation (live) with a third in stand-by (de-energized, but ready to start when needed).

4. Minimize disruption to existing SFC station operations during design, construction, testing, and commissioning.

5. Accommodate concurrent infrastructure improvement projects.

6. Minimize adverse operational, aesthetic, and environmental impacts.

7. The spare 13.2 kV, 60 Hz, 3-phase circuit breaker in the 230 kV control building (contains 13.2 kV switchgear) will be used for powering the new SFC #4.

8. The spare 480 V, 60 Hz, 3-phase circuit breakers in the 230 kV control building will be used for supplying auxiliary power to the new SFC #4.

9. Existing filter equipment in the 60 Hz filter yard will be removed. The foundations for these filters will remain in place. Any new reactors, charging transformers/circuit breakers, or heat exchangers can be located in these areas.

10. A new duct bank will be constructed from the 230 kV control building to the new SFC #4 open-air bus to be constructed in the 60 Hz filter yard. Another duct bank will be constructed from the open-air bus to the SFC #4 input transformer, with a portion extended to the basement of the SFC #4 building. The duct banks will contain power and control cables. The existing 60 Hz filter yard duct banks will be re-used for SFCs #1, #2, and #3.


11. The new SFC #4, 60 Hz open-air bus will utilize a manually-operated grounding switch similar to SFCs #1, #2, and #3. The open-air bus will also have a set of PTs and CTs for use with the new SFC #4 protective relaying, metering, and/or control scheme.

12. The existing 60 Hz, 13.2 kV, 1000 kcmil cables will remain connected between the 13.2 kV switchgear and open-air bus. The existing 60 Hz, 13.2 kV, 500 kcmil cables to SFC #1, #2, and #3 input transformers will be replaced as required by the new SFC design.

13. All duct banks associated with SFCs #1, #2, and #3 will remain in place in the 60 Hz filter yards in order to minimize risks and operational impact during construction.

14. The existing grounding switches, PTs, and CTs will remain connected to the existing 60 Hz open-air bus for SFCs #1, #2, and #3. Based on the accuracy class, the PTs and/or CTs may be replaced if required by the SFC vendor.

15. New input transformers must fit into the existing 60 Hz transformer areas.

16. New SFC equipment must fit into the existing converter rooms with sufficient working space to meet all building and electrical codes and standards.

17. New SFC equipment will be transported into the existing SFC rooms through doorways that are approximately 6 ft wide and 13 ft-4 in high (182.9 cm x 406.4 cm).

18. The new SFC #4 building addition will have the same overall dimensions as the SFC #3 room.

19. The existing and new converter rooms are approximately 45 ft-8 in long, 28 ft wide, and 19 ft-1 in high to lowest overhead beam (13.9 m x 8.5 m x 19.1 m).

20. New SFC heat exchangers shall be located on the roof of the converter buildings. These heat exchanges will share room with roof top units used for building heating and cooling.

21. New output transformers must fit into the existing 25 Hz transformer areas.

22. The existing filter equipment in the 25 Hz filter yard will be removed. The foundations for these filters will remain in place.

23. A new duct bank will be constructed from the output of the SFC #4 building basement, joining a new duct bank from the 25 Hz output transformer to the 25 Hz yard cable riser. The duct bank will contain power and control cables. A new open-air bus will be constructed to terminate the SFC #4, 24/12 kV cables from the 25 Hz output transformer. The new open-air bus will contain surge arresters, PTs, CTs, disconnect switches, grounding switches, and a circuit breaker. An exposed rail return bus will be constructed near the SFC #4 output breaker, similar to the SFC #1, #2, and #3 rail return buses, in order to bond the transformer rail return cable to station ground.

24. A new duct bank will constructed from the SFC #4 output circuit breaker to the 25 Hz traction power substation. The duct bank will contain power and control cables.

25. All duct banks associated with SFC #1, #2, and #3 will remain in place in the 25 Hz filter yards in order to minimize impact during construction.

26. The existing 25 Hz, 12 kV, 24 kV, and rail return cables will remain in place between the 25 Hz traction power substation and the SFC disconnect switches located next to the SFC output circuit breakers.

27. The existing SFC output circuit breakers will be replaced for each SFC. The new circuit breakers are ABB model FSKII. Each is supplied with a CT on both line and load side of each pole. These CTs will replace the existing CTs.

28. The existing 25 Hz disconnect and grounding switches next to the cable riser on the load side of the circuit breaker will be replaced.


29. The 25 Hz disconnect and grounding switches, PTs, and surge arresters on the SFC side of the circuit breaker will be relocated and replaced, as required, based on the size of the new ABB FSKII circuit breakers.

30. In the existing 25 Hz traction power substation, the new SFC #4 12 kV and 24 kV feeders will be routed to a new two-pole disconnect switch along newly installed cable tray. The new rail return cable will be terminated to the existing rail return bus. The new SFC #4 feeders will be integrated into existing bus work. A new multifunction protective relay and associated equipment will be installed in existing relay panels.

These functional system integration requirements shall be periodically assessed during final design and construction.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.0 Electrical

2.1 Design Conditions

Electrical systems and equipment shall be designed to operate under design condition limits given in Table 1

Table 1 - Design Conditions

Parameter Value Reference Ambient temperature 11.6 deg F to +92.7 deg F Ref. 40 Altitude Less than 3300 ft Ref. 17 Wind loading substation (no ice)

Per ASCE 7-98, Figure 6-1 depending on location (typically 90 to 110 mph)

Ref. 35

Flood plain Structures shall be outside the 100-year flood plain. Ref. 35

2.2 Station Single-Line Diagram

The final SFC station will consist of four identical SFC units as shown in Figure 2. Refer to project drawing ET602 for the latest version.

Figure 2 - Proposed Single-Line Diagram

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.3 SFC Power Block

Table 2 - Existing Converter Unit Ratings and Design

Parameter Value Primary Side 13.2 kV, +/-10%

3 phase 60 Hz, +/-2%

Secondary Side 12+24 kV, +/-2% 1 phase 25 Hz (fixed 5/12 of the 60 Hz grid)

Rating - continuous 15 MVA continuous power Rating - overload 18 MVA for 1 hour

24 MVA for 6 minutes 30 MVA for 30 seconds 4000 A for 2 seconds at 12 kV followed by 15 MVA for 1 hour before next overload cycle

Losses 155 kW no-load 510 kW at rated load

Primary power factor ≥0.95 lagging ≤0.866 leading (30 minutes integration time)

Number of thyristor cubicles 8 Number of thyristors 192 Number of thyristors in parallel 8 Number of thyristor bridges out of order "trip out" 2 Type of thyristors YST 45-21 Current rating ITAV 2500 A Voltage rating 4200 V Cooling type Double Cooling air demand 68,000 m3/hr (100 ft3/s)

Electrical measurements have determined that the existing converters have an output power factor typically ≥0.70 lagging during heavy loading conditions.

Each SFC is presently located in its own room. All SFC rooms utilize air-conditioning to cool the rooms during maintenance. SFC #2 uses a natural ventilation system during unit operation. SFCs #1 and #3 use a forced ventilation system. All new SFCs will be supplied with liquid cooling systems to remove the majority of power electronic waste heat. New air-conditioning and ventilation systems, not provided by the SFC vendor, will serve to remove residual heat.

Each existing cycloconverter unit consists of two dual-converters connected in series. A dual-converter consists of two six-pulse thyristor bridges connected in antiparallel configuration.


Figure 3 - Block Diagram of Existing Cycloconverter Unit

Figure 4 - Existing SFC #2 Converter Room

Each new SFC unit will follow the same general design criteria as the existing SFC units:

1. The SFC can operate alone.

2. The SFC can operate in parallel with other static converters.

3. Any overload condition or short-circuit in the single-phase railway network will not trip the SFC.

4. The SFC does not generate any voltage harmonic in the three-phase network or in the single-phase network larger than 3%.

5. Start-up time is less than 2 seconds. The SFC has an automatic start-up equipment, which automatically starts converter when the load increases above the preset value.

6. Local or remote control of the SFC is possible.


7. The SFC is equipped with current limitation that protects the converter from overload.

Each new SFC unit shall be designed to have the same ratings as the existing SFC units. Table 3 - New SFC Requirements

Parameter Value Total capacity of station 60 MVA Number of converters 4 Rating (each unit) - continuous 15 MVA Rating (each unit) - overload 18 MVA for 1 hour

24 MVA for 6 minutes 30 MVA for 30 seconds 4000 A for 2 seconds at 12 kV followed by 15 MVA for 1 hour before next overload cycle

Power factor (design) 0.7 pf lagging @ rated output, 24/12 kV, 25 Hz 0.95 pf lagging @ rated output, 13.2 kV, 60 Hz

Power factor (operating limit) 0.95 pf lagging @ rated output, 230 kV, 60 Hz Rated current at 60 Hz, 3-ph (Assuming a 3% loss)

15 MVA / 0.97 loss / 13.2 kV / 1.732 = 676 A rms cont. 18 MVA / 0.97 loss / 13.2 kV / 1.732 = 812 A rms for 1 hr. 24 MVA / 0.97 loss / 13.2 kV / 1.732 = 1082 A rms for 6 min 30 MVA / 0.97 loss / 13.2 kV / 1.732 = 1353 A rms for 30 s 48 MVA / 0.97 loss / 13.2 kV / 1.732 = 2164 A rms for 2 s

Calculated load currents (four converters)

15 MVA x 4 / 0.97 loss = 61.9 MVA 61.9 MVA / 13.2 kV / 1.732 = 2707 A rms during normal operating conditions 2707 A / 0.98 pu = 2762 A rms during normal low voltage conditions 2707 A / 0.95 pu = 2849 A during emergency low voltage conditions

Rated current at 25 Hz, 1-ph (each converter)

15 MVA / 36 kV = 417 A rms balanced (no rail return) 15 MVA / 24 kV = 625 A rms feeder (feeder-to-rail) 15 MVA / 12 kV = 1250 A rms trolley (trolley-to-rail)

Operating output voltage range 24/12 kV -/+5% (25 Hz system may reach +10% due to train regeneration.)

Calculated load currents (one converter)

15 MVA / 36 kV / 0.95 pu = 439 A rms balanced (no rail return) 15 MVA / 24 kV / 0.95 pu = 658 A rms for feeder-to-rail 15 MVA / 12 kV / 0.95 pu = 1316 A rms for trolley-to-rail

Outgoing 24/12 kV feeder minimum ampacity 658 A rms feeder cable 1316 A rms trolley cable

Operating modes Synchronous machine mode (converter acts like a synchronous-synchronous motor-generator set) Constant power mode (converter delivers settable power to the 25 Hz network) Phase shift mode (converter delivers reactive power to the 25 Hz network during loss of the 60 Hz network)

Power flow direction From 60 Hz to 25 Hz only. Reverse power flow not required.

Loss of 13.2 kV, 60 Hz power Converter shall continue to supply reactive power to the 25 Hz network

Loss of 480 V, 60 Hz auxiliary power supply Converter shall continue to fully function and supply both real and reactive power to the 25 Hz system during a loss of auxiliary power up to 3 seconds.

Harmonic distortion on 60 Hz system SFC design must limit harmonic voltage distortion to limits given in IEEE 519 and PECO design standards at the 230 kV cable terminations in the PECO 230 kV switchyard

Harmonic distortion on the 25 Hz system SFC design must limit harmonic voltage distortion to limits given in IEEE 519 at the 24/12 kV, 25 Hz cable terminations at the SFC 24/12 kV output transformers

2.4 SFC Control Room The SFC Control Room has a raised floor and all wiring from the control room to the SFCs is routed below this raised floor and through the SFC room and basements. The control equipment for SFCs #1, #2, and

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 #3 are located around the walls of the room. The original design included placement of SFC #4 control equipment in the center of this room. The control equipment uses analog indicators and solid-state relays.

All SFC control equipment within this room will be replaced with the new SFC control system equipment. The new SFC control equipment will not be integrated with the existing equipment. It is expected that the SFC Contractor will place a central controller (HMI) in the middle of the control room, and place unit-specific SFC control equipment in the individual SFC rooms. The central controller will communicate with the individual SFCs and coordinate their operation through fiber optic cables. This minimizes the amount of cable work in the control room while allowing operation of the station from a central location.

The SFC Contractor may choose to replace each SFC control panel as the SFC unit is replaced. This methodology is discouraged as it may disrupt the underfloor wiring and could affect the operation of other units. If this methodology is proposed by a SFC Contractor, a detailed design concept will need to be evaluated during the SFC Contractor bid stage.

Any transducers, located within this control room, used for sending signals external to the SFC building, will need to be replaced by new transducers. Final design of these modified transducer circuits can only be made after the SFC Contractor completes his design.

Figure 5 - SFC Control Room

2.5 SFC 60 Hz Input Transformers

The existing converter transformers are located on the east side of the building and surrounded by wing walls. SFCs #1 and #3 both have concrete oil containment pits, while SFC #2 has no oil containment.

All existing converter transformers will be replaced based on the requirements of the new SFCs. If transformers are required, new oil containment pits will be designed for SFC #2 and #4. The new oil containments will be designed similar to existing containment pits. Sump pits will be provided for each containment.

It is assumed that the existing transformer foundations can be re-used for the new transformers. Table 4 - Existing 60 Hz Input Converter Transformer (Typical)

Parameter Value Identification T1 Power rating 60⁰C Rise:

H: 31.9 MVA OA X: 16.6 MVA OA Y: 16.4 MVA OA

Voltage rating 13.2 kV Y-1.11 kV Δ-1.10 kV Y, 3-phase, 60 Hz


Parameter Value Impedance H-X: 9.13% at 31.9 MVA

H-Y: 9.47% at 31.9 MVA X-Y: 2.82% at 31.9 MVA

Insulation rating H: 95 kV BIL Neutral: 26 kV applied X: 5 kV applied Y: 5 kV applied

Weight 158,300 lbs Tap changer No-load tap changer on H winding only, +/-2 x 2.5 % Oil type Mineral oil Oil quantity Oil in tank: 5765 gal

Oil in coolers: 1112 gal Manufacturer ASEA Transformer type TMY 31 Serial No. 7288529 Year of manufacture 1984 Standard ANSI C57.12.00-1980 Grounding Not grounded

Figure 6 - 60 Hz Converter Transformer (SFC #1 left, SFC #2 right)


Figure 7 - 60 Hz Converter Transformer (cable connections)

2.6 SFC 60 Hz Filter Yard The existing SFC power feeders exit the 230 kV control building through the CMU wall and are routed down to duct bank conduit stub-ups via enclosed metal tray. Each SFC uses 2-3/c, 1000 kcmil cables between the 230 kV control building and the filter yard. The existing feeders terminate on overhead bus structures and filters are tapped off of this structure. Each SFC has three filters. Each open-air bus has one current transformer, one potential transformer, and two lightning arresters. The SFC power feeders leave the open-air bus as 4-3/c 500 kcmil cables and feed the SFC input transformers.

All filters in the 60 Hz filter yard will be removed, but foundations will remain in place. The yard can be used for reactors and/or heat exchangers, if required by the SFC vendor.

A new duct bank will be constructed from the 230 kV control building to the new SFC #4 open-air bus to be constructed in the 60 Hz filter yard. Another duct bank will be constructed from the open-air bus to the SFC #4 input transformer, with a portion extended to the basement of the SFC #4 building. The duct banks will contain power and control cables. The existing 60 Hz filter yard duct banks will be re-used for SFCs #1, #2, and #3.

The new SFC #4, 60 Hz open-air bus will utilize a manually-operated grounding switch similar to SFCs #1, #2, and #3. The open-air bus will also have a set of PTs and CTs for use with the new SFC #4 protective relaying, metering, and/or control scheme.

The existing 60 Hz, 13.2 kV, 1000 kcmil cables will remain connected between the 13.2 kV switchgear and open-air bus. The existing 60 Hz, 13.2 kV, 500 kcmil cables to SFC #1, #2, and #3 input transformers will be replaced as required by the new SFC design.

All duct banks associated with SFCs #1, #2, and #3 will remain in place in the 60 Hz filter yards in order to minimize risks and operational impact during construction.

The existing grounding switches, PTs, and CTs will remain connected to the existing 60 Hz open-air bus for SFCs #1, #2, and #3. Based on the accuracy class, the PTs and/or CTs may be replaced if required by the SFC vendor.


Table 5 - Existing 60 Hz Filter Yard

Parameter Value Fixed filter - capacitors, air-cooled reactors, resistors 14 Mvar Switched power reactors 7 Mvar Switched harmonic filter - capacitors and reactors in series 10 Mvar, tuned to 110 Hz

Figure 8 - 60 Hz Filter Yard #2

2.7 SFC 25 Hz Output Transformers

The output transformers are located on the west side of the SFC building. Each transformer is surrounded on its sides by CMU wing walls. Electrical bus duct supplies the transformers from the converter. Insulated cable connects the transformer output to the 25 Hz filter yard via duct banks that run underneath the road between the transformers and filter yard.

The transformers are grounded through the rail bus that is common to all output transformers located in the 25 Hz filter yard.

SFCs #1 and #3 both have concrete oil containment pits, while SFC #2 has no oil containment.

All existing converter transformers will be replaced based on the requirements of the new SFCs. New oil containment pits will be designed for SFC #2 and #4. The new oil containments will be designed similar to existing containment pits. Sump pits will be provided for each containment.


Table 6 - 25 Hz Output Transformer Specifications

Parameter Value Identification T2 Power rating Temperature rise 60⁰C

X1 X2: 15.366 MVA OA H1 H2: 12.5 MVA OA H2 H3: 7.5 MVA OA

Voltage rating X1 X2: 1.62 kV H1 H2: 13 kV H2 H3: 25.8 kV Single-phase, 25 Hz

Impedance X1 X2/H1 H2: 4.19% @ 15.366 MVA, 1.62/13 kV X1 X2/H2 H3: 8.94% @15.366 MVA, 1.62/26 kV H1 H2/H2 H3: 3.72% @15.366 MVA, 13/26 kV X1 X2/ H1 H3: 5.44% @15.366 MVA, 1.62/39 kV

Insulation rating X1 X2: 60 kV BIL H1 H2: 250 kV BIL H2 H3: 250 kV BIL

Weight 106,648 lbs Tap changer None Oil type Mineral oil Oil quantity Oil in tank: 2985 gal

Oil in coolers: 420 gal Manufacturer ASEA Transformer type TMZ 31 Serial No. 7288530 Year of manufacture 1984 Standard ANSI C57.12-1980 Grounding Solid, H2 bushing

Figure 9 - 25 Hz Output Transformer

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.8 SFC 25 Hz Filter and Breaker Yard The 25 Hz filter and breaker yard consists of CTs, PTs, disconnect switches, lighting arresters, a RLC filter between the 12 kV trolley power and ground, and a two-pole, 24/12 kV live-tank circuit breaker. The RLC filter will not be required with the new SFC technology.

The existing filter equipment in the 25 Hz filter yard will be removed. The foundations for these filters will remain in place.

A new duct bank will be constructed from the output of the SFC #4 building basement, joining a new duct bank from the 25 Hz output transformer to the 25 Hz yard cable riser. The duct bank will contain power and control cables. A new open-air bus will be constructed to terminate the SFC #4, 24/12 kV cables from the 25 Hz output transformer. The new open-air bus will contain surge arresters, PTs, CTs, disconnect switches, grounding switches, and a circuit breaker. An exposed rail return bus will be constructed near the SFC #4 output breaker, similar to the SFC #1, #2, and #3 rail return buses, in order to bond the transformer rail return cable to station ground.

A new duct bank will constructed from the SFC #4 output circuit breaker to the 25 Hz traction power substation. The duct bank will contain power and control cables.

All duct banks associated with SFC #1, #2, and #3 will remain in place in the 25 Hz filter yards in order to minimize impact during construction.

The existing 25 Hz, 12 kV, 24 kV, and rail return cables will remain in place between the 25 Hz traction power substation and the SFC disconnect switches located next to the SFC output circuit breakers.

The existing SFC output circuit breakers will be replaced for each SFC. The new circuit breakers are ABB model FSKII. Each is supplied with a CT on both line and load side of each pole. These CTs will replace the existing CTs.

The existing 25 Hz disconnect and grounding switches next to the cable riser on the load side of the circuit breaker will be replaced.

The 25 Hz disconnect and grounding switches, PTs, and surge arresters on the SFC side of the circuit breaker will be relocated and replaced, as required, based on the size of the new ABB FSKII circuit breakers.

Figure 10 - 25 Hz SFC Filter and Circuit Breaker Yard

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.9 25 Hz Traction Power Substation The 25 Hz traction power substation is presently being substantially upgraded under another project. The converter 24 kV feeder, 12 kV trolley, and rail return insulated cables leave the 25 Hz converter filter yard and connect to the 25 Hz traction power substation via an underground duct bank. SFC #2 cables stub-up on the south side of the 25 Hz yard while the SFC #1 and SFC #3 cables stub-up on the north side. A new 24 kV Bus 4 and a new 12 kV Bus 4 will be constructed at the existing substation location.

The SFC #4 duct bank will be built on the east side of the 25 Hz filter yard and extend just north of the SFC #1 and #3 stub-up.

A new multifunction protective relay will be installed in the 25 Hz traction power substation control house. The location of the relay and associated test switches have been determined under another project.

In the existing 25 Hz traction power substation, the new SFC #4 12 kV and 24 kV feeders will be routed to a new two-pole disconnect switch along newly installed cable tray. The new rail return cable will be terminated to the existing rail return bus. The new SFC #4 feeders will be integrated into existing bus work. A new multifunction protective relay and associated equipment will be installed in existing relay panels.

The new 25 Hz traction power substation design drawings show that ammeters and voltmeters receive signals from transducers located on SFC breakers. However, there are no transducers on these breakers. There are transducers in the SFC control room, and these must be the transducers being referenced by the other project (to be confirmed). In any case, any transducers that are being used for supplying signals to the 25 Hz traction power substation will be replaced under the WJSFC project.

Figure 11 - Existing 25 Hz Traction Power Substation

2.10 System Load Demand

2.10.1 60 Hz System Measurements

PECO provided a table of 230 kV load demand and power factor recordings on a monthly basis from August 29, 2013 through August 27, 2015 (Ref. 118). The highest recorded demand was 29,393 kW during between the period of 1/2/14 and 2/3/14. This load demand includes the traction power load as well as the station balance of plant load, i.e., maintenance building, offices, etc. Demand is calculated as the highest 30-minute average during a month. Since Wayne Junction is a HT customer with a standard power factor of 95%, on-peak demands are adjusted by the ratio of standard power factor to measured power factor for billing purposes. For example, if the on-peak demand is 25,000 kW, then the adjusted on-peak demand is 0.95/0.88 x 25,000 kW = 25,119 kW.


Table 7 - PECO Billing Data

From To Power Factor Off Peak kW On Peak kW Max kW Adj On

Peak kW Total kWhr

7/29/2015 8/27/2015 0.880 25,000 23,268 25,000 25,119 8,551,477

6/29/2015 7/29/2015 0.894 24,434 24,516 24,516 26,052 8,990,354

5/29/2015 6/29/2015 0.879 25,436 23,069 25,436 24,932 8,827,397

4/29/2015 5/29/2015 0.877 25,034 24,710 25,034 26,767 8,782,575

3/31/2015 4/29/2015 0.877 24,032 23,760 24,032 25,738 7,949,554

3/2/2015 3/31/2015 0.886 26,996 24,166 26,996 25,912 8,256,913

1/30/2015 3/2/2015 0.886 27,855 24,313 27,855 26,069 9,744,276

12/30/2014 1/30/2015 0.889 26,931 25,199 26,931 26,928 9,344,821

11/25/2014 12/30/2014 0.884 25,086 23,609 25,086 25,372 9,467,878

10/29/2014 11/25/2014 0.885 26,434 24,559 26,434 26,363 7,425,002

9/30/2014 10/29/2014 0.880 25,151 24,494 25,151 26,442 8,168,373

8/29/2014 9/30/2014 0.886 25,302 24,360 25,302 26,120 9,110,634

7/30/2014 8/29/2014 0.881 26,853 23,803 26,853 25,667 9,133,618

7/1/2014 7/30/2014 0.883 26,633 23,656 26,633 25,451 8,649,407

5/31/2014 7/1/2014 0.880 26,529 23,967 26,529 25,873 9,374,478

5/1/2014 5/31/2014 0.883 25,916 24,270 25,916 26,112 8,791,386

4/2/2014 5/1/2014 0.892 25,739 25,328 25,739 26,975 8,293,977

3/4/2014 4/2/2014 0.884 29,065 24,084 29,065 25,882 8,686,770

2/3/2014 3/4/2014 0.893 28,832 25,574 28,832 27,206 9,087,371

1/2/2014 2/3/2014 0.889 29,393 24,697 29,393 26,392 9,873,235

11/27/2013 1/2/2014 0.889 28,784 24,214 28,784 25,875 10,414,956

10/29/2013 11/27/2013 0.881 26,957 24,641 26,957 26,571 7,861,145

9/30/2013 10/29/2013 0.880 25,695 23,306 25,695 25,160 8,172,652

8/29/2013 9/30/2013 0.913 26,179 24,702 26,179 25,703 9,228,786

2.10.2 25 Hz System Measurements SEPTA continuously measures the total SFC station power output at 100 ms intervals. Individual SFC feeder current and trolley voltage are also measured. Using these values, the station real power and individual SFC apparent power has been tabulated and plotted at one second intervals. Rolling averages have been calculated, plotted, and compared to the cycloconverter ratings. Two days were selected for the analysis: one in July 2014 and one in January 2015. Both were weekdays with one occurring in summer and one in winter.


Figure 12 - SFC #3, July 24, 2014

Figure 13 - SFC #3, July 24, 2014, Measurements vs Ratings


Table 8 - SFC #3, July 24, 2014, Measurements vs Ratings

Rating Limit MVA Measured MVA Percent

2 seconds 48 28.3 59%

30 seconds 30 24.8 83%

6 minutes 24 16.7 70%

1 hour 18 13.8 77%

Continuous 15 8.4 56%

Figure 14 - WJSFC Station Output, July 24, 2014, 30-Minute Average

The maximum 30-minute demand was 23.8 MW at 0.83 pf, compared to a PECO reading of 26.6 MW. The difference of 2.8 MW is the balance of plant demand.


Figure 15 - SFC #3, January 7, 2015

Figure 16 - SFC #3, January 7, 2015, Measurements vs Ratings


Table 9 - SFC #3, January 7, 2015, Measurements vs Ratings

Rating Limit, MVA Measured, MVA Percent

2 seconds 48 28.0 58%

30 seconds 30 23.7 79%

6 minutes 24 17.2 72%

1 hour 18 14.0 78%

Continuous 15 8.6 57%

Figure 17 - WJSFC, Station Output, 30-Minute Average

The maximum 30-minute demand was 24.2 MW at 0.82 pf, compared to a PECO reading of 24.5 MW. The difference of 0.3 MW is the balance of plant demand during the same period.

Based on a comparison of existing station load measurements and the ratings of the cycloconverters, applying the cycloconverter ratings to the new frequency converters seems reasonable.

Also, an output power factor of ≥0.70 lagging appears reasonable for specifying the new converter equipment.


Figure 18 - WJSFC, Station Output, 1-Second Measurement Rate

Figure 18 shows the rapid load cycle of the station, with load demand changing by 43 MVA in 30 seconds, or about 1.43 MVA/s.

The new SFCs shall be able to supply power to the 25 Hz system under the same load conditions as shown above.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.11 PECO Customer Requirements Wayne Junction is a HT customer with a standard power factor of 95%. The billing address is:

SEPTA Wayne Junction 4505 Germantown Ave Philadelphia, PA 19144 Account Number 66036-00704

2.12 60 Hz Operating Requirements Specific design requirements for PECO customers are provided in the PECO Electric Service Requirements Manual (Ref. 31). PECO operates within the PJM territory and follows requirements documented in PJM Manual M-03 (Ref. 36).

Table 10 - 60 Hz System Characteristics

Characteristic Value Nominal operating voltage 230 kV Operating voltage range 242 kV normal high

225.5 kV normal low 218.5 kV emergency low for 15 minutes 213.5 kV load dump for 5 minutes

Phase number 3 Frequency 60 Hz

57.5 Hz for 5 seconds 58 Hz for 30 seconds Up to 62 Hz for a limited duration (typically 1 minute)

Impulse withstand (BIL) 900 kV (Note: Existing transformers are rated 750 kV BIL) 1.2 x 50 µs (lightning impulse) minimum CFO 1105 kV Minimum distance between conducting parts

89 inches @ 900 kV BIL, phase-to-phase 71 inches @ 900 kV BIL, phase-to-ground

Spacing 144 inches @900 kV BIL, phase-to-phase Fault clearing time Normal clearing time for all types of faults = 5 cycles. Fault

clearing due to failed primary line relaying = 33 cycles. Fault clearing due to stuck breaker = 17 cycles.

System grounding Effectively grounded neutral (always) Harmonic voltage distortion limits 1.0% individual frequency voltage harmonic

1.5% THD in 230 kV switchyard Harmonic current distortion limits Must be low enough to meet voltage distortion requirements.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.13 60 Hz Short-Circuit Availability PECO prepared a short-circuit model for Wayne Junction and simulated faults at the primary and secondary sides of the Wayne Junction 230-13.2-13.2 kV transformers (Ref. 116).

Figure 19 - PECO 230 kV System Supplying Wayne Junction

Table 11 - 60 Hz Short-Circuit Characteristics

Location and Type Value YWT-XMT1, 230 kV (From PECO Line 220-42) 32,111 A, 3LG

24,109 A, 1LG YWT-XMT2, 230 kV (From PECO Line 220-28) 25,903 A, 3LG

18,630 A, 1LG YWT-XMT1, 13.2 kV, X winding 24,594 A, 3LG

381 A, 1LG YWT-XMT1, 13.2 kV, Y winding 13,000 A, 3LG

380 A, 1LG YWT-XMT2, 13.2 kV, X winding 24,206 A, 3LG

381 A, 1LG YWT-XMT2, 13.2 kV, Y winding 12,867 A, 3LG

380 A, 1LG 2.14 Harmonics and Electromagnetic Compatibility The harmonics and electromagnetic fields generated by the new SFCs shall not impact the environment, 60 Hz utility system, or railroad operation in a detrimental way. The design and operation of the SFCs shall follow IEC 61000-3-6-2008, IEC 61000-4-1-2016, and EN 50121-5-2015 electromagnetic compatibility requirements.

PECO requires that customers connected to the 230 kV system follow IEEE 519 requirements with respect to harmonic distortion limits (Ref. 31).

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.15 230 kV Substation The Wayne Junction SFC station was upgraded in 1990 for 3 x 15 MVA units, with provision for a future fourth 15 MVA unit. The two incoming PECO 230 kV, 60 Hz supply lines and switchgear were sized and installed to accommodate the initial and the future load of the entire station. The incoming PECO lines are adequate for this project.

There are no planned modifications to the 230 kV switchyard equipment within the scope of this project. The new SFC #4 and its auxiliary equipment will be supplied from these existing transformers.

Neutral grounding resistors are mounted on stands next to the transformers.

The two main transformers convert the 230 kV 60 Hz power to 13.2 kV 60 Hz with a 3 winding transformers rated at 45/60/75 MVA each. With air cooling only, the transformers are rated for 45 MVA each at 55⁰C rise. However, with fan cooling, they are capable of being loaded up to 75 MVA. When the fourth SFC is installed, the total connected load will be 60 MVA for the converters plus the auxiliary loads. Therefore, if all frequency converters are operating, and one transformer is out for maintenance, the transformers fans may be required if the load goes above 45 MVA.

These two transformers feed two separate 13.2 kV switchgear lineups, one for the static frequency converters (NPS-SWGX) and one for the auxiliary loads (NPS-SWGY).

Any modifications to the station load demand or energy usage must comply with PECO requirements and standards.

Table 12 - Existing 230-13.2 kV Substation Transformer 1

Parameter Value Identification YWT-XMT1 (From PECO Line 220-42) Power rating 55⁰C Rise:

H: 45 MVA OA/60 MVA FAI/75 MVA FAII X: 45 MVA OA/60 MVA FAI/75 MVA FAII Y: 6 MVA OA/8 MVA FAI/10 MVA FAII 65⁰C Rise: H: 84 MVA FAII X: 84 MVA FAII Y: 11.2 MVA FAII

Voltage rating 230 kV Δ-13.2 kV GndY-13.2 kV GndY, 3-phase, 60 Hz Impedance H-X: 7.64% at 45 MVA

H-Y: 1.97% at 6 MVA X-Y: 24.9% at 45 MVA

Resistance H-X: 0.18% at 45 MVA H-Y: 0.08% at 6 MVA X-Y: 0.75% at 45 MVA

Insulation rating H: 750 kV BIL X: 110 kV BIL Y: 110 kV BIL

Weight 230,600 lbs (complete) Tap changer No-load tap changer on H winding only Manufacturer Trafo-Union, Nuremberg, West Germany Transformer type TLUJ7954 No. N 407393 Year of manufacture 1988 Standard ANSI C57.12.00-1980 Grounding 20 ohms, 400 A, 10 seconds (each wye winding)


Table 13 - Existing 230-13.2 kV Substation Transformer 2

Parameter Value Identification YWT-XMT2 Power rating 55⁰C Rise:

H: 45 MVA OA/60 MVA FAI/75 MVA FAII X: 45 MVA OA/60 MVA FAI/75 MVA FAII Y: 6 MVA OA/8 MVA FAI/10 MVA FAII 65⁰C Rise: H: 84 MVA FAII X: 84 MVA FAII Y: 11.2 MVA FAII

Voltage rating 230 kV Δ-13.2 kV GndY-13.2 kV GndY, 3-phase, 60 Hz Impedance H-X: 7.69% at 45 MVA

H-Y: 1.98% at 6 MVA X-Y: 25.3% at 45 MVA

Resistance H-X: 0.18% at 45 MVA H-Y: 0.08% at 6 MVA X-Y: 0.75% at 45 MVA

Insulation rating H: 750 kV BIL X: 110 kV BIL Y: 110 kV BIL

Weight 230,600 lbs (complete) Tap changer No-load tap changer on H winding only Manufacturer Trafo-Union, Nuremberg, West Germany Transformer type TLUJ7954 No. N 407394 Year of manufacture 1988 Standard ANSI C57.12.00-1980 Grounding 20 ohms, 400 A, 10 seconds (each wye winding)

Figure 20 - 230-13.2 kV Substation Transformer

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.16 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Switchgear The 13.2 kV switchgear NPS-SWGX is located in the 230 kV Control Building and supplies power to the SFCs with a main-tie-main automatic transfer system and a 3000 A bus. The maximum calculated load possible on this switchgear is 68 MVA.

The 13.2 kV switchgear NPS-SWGX has one spare cubicle dedicated to supply the new SFC #4. It contains electromechanical relays for protecting the new SFC #4 feeder. The protective relays will need to be set to the requirements of the new static frequency converter equipment. The types of relays and auxiliary devices are listed below:

1. 50/51 overcurrent, phases 1, 2, 3

2. 50GS overcurrent

3. 0-2000 A ammeter

4. 86 lockout relay

5. Ammeter switch

6. SFC No. 4 breaker control

7. Local/remote key switch

8. 50GS test switch

9. 87BX2 test switch

10. Current circuit test switch

11. PK-2 current circuit

A spare 3000 A circuit breaker, presently used during maintenance activities, is available for use by the future SFC #4. The new SFC #4 will be supplied using this spare 3000 A circuit breaker from the allocated cubicle. All existing protective relays will be used.

A new set of 13.2 kV cables will be run from the existing 13.2 kV cubicle using overhead conduit, then routed from the building through the CMU wall to enclosed cable tray, and then down to conduit stub-ups just outside the 230 kV control building.

The 15 kV switchgear NPS-SWGY supplies power to the auxiliary systems with a main-tie-main automatic transfer system and a 1200 amp bus. The maximum calculated load possible on this switchgear is 27 MVA. The estimated actual load, based on the ammeter reading and verbal conversations with plant personnel is less than 100 amps on this switchgear or about 2.3 MVA.

There are five feeder circuit breakers that originate in switchgear NPS-SWGY. There is a circuit breaker for the feeder to the existing car shop and the estimated load is 250 kVA. There are two feeders for the two 1000/1500 kVA transformers that power the 6.9 kV system with an estimated load of 500 kVA. There are two remaining feeders that power all the auxiliary loads for the static frequency converter building and auxiliary systems with a combined estimated load of 1.6 MVA. These auxiliary loads are connected through 1500/2250 kVA dry-type transformers to convert the voltage to 480 V, 60 Hz. The approximate load on the 480 V switchgear is currently 2.5 MVA.


Table 14 - SFC Input Circuit Breaker Ratings

Parameter Value Identification SFC #4 Input Breaker Manufacturer Siemens Type 15-GM-1000-3000-77 Amps 3000 Frequency 60 Hz Serial No. R-80650B-1 Manufacture Date August 1989 Rated Max. Voltage 15 kV Voltage Range Factor K=1.30 BIL 95 kV Rated Short-Circuit Current 37 kA Close and Latch 77 kA Interrupting Time 5 cycles Motor Voltage and Current 100-140 V dc, 3 A nom. Close Circuit Voltage and Current 100-140 V dc, 5 A nom. Trip Circuit Voltage and Current 70-140 V dc, 5 A nom.

Figure 21 - Spare SFC 15 kV Circuit Breaker

Figure 22 - SFC #4 13.2 kV circuit breaker and relay cabinet (outside and inside)

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.17 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Auxiliary Power Transformers There are four auxiliary transformers just outside of the 230 kV Control Building. A fifth transformer is supplied from the 13.2 kV switchgear NPS-SWGY, but is located in the existing car shop. Existing transformers NJS-XAT1 and NJS-XAT2 will be used to supply the new SFC #4 auxiliary systems.

Table 15 - Existing 13.2 kV Auxiliary Power Transformers

Transformer Description NJS-XAT1 1500/2250 kVA, 13.2 kV Δ-480Y/277 V (SFC aux power), 95

kV BIL HV, 10 kV BIL LV, 80 deg C rise, cast coil NJS-XAT2 1500/2250 kVA, 13.2 kV Δ-480Y/277 V (SFC aux power), 95

kV BIL HV, 10 kV BIL LV, 80 deg C rise, cast coil NOS-XAT3 1000/1500 kVA, 13.2 kV Δ-6.9 kV Δ NOS-XAT4 1000/1500 kVA, 13.2 kV Δ-6.9 kV Δ

Figure 23 - Auxiliary Power Transformers

2.18 13.2 kV, 60 Hz System Operating Characteristics All new equipment installed on the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz system shall operate under the following conditions:

Table 16 - 13.2 kV System Characteristics

Parameter Value Reference Nominal operating voltage 13.2 kV Table 12 Operating voltage range 13.86 kV normal high

12.94 kV normal low 12.54 kV emergency low for 15 minutes 11.88 kV load dump for 5 minutes

Ref. 36, 230 kV operating ranges converted to 13.2 kV system

Phase number 3 Frequency 60 Hz

57.5 Hz for 5 seconds 58 Hz for 30 seconds Up to 62 Hz for a limited duration (typically 1 minute)

Ref. 36

Rated maximum voltage 15 kV Photograph shown in Figure 21

Power frequency withstand 36 kV Ref. 14 Lightning impulse withstand (BIL) 95 kV BIL indoors

110 kV BIL outdoors Ref. 29

Minimum distance between conducting parts

12 inches @ 110 kV BIL, phase-to-phase 7 inches @ 110 kV BIL, phase-to-ground

Ref. 29

Phase spacing - vertical break disconnect switches and bus supports

24 inches @110 kV BIL, centerline-to-centerline Ref. 18

Phase spacing - horizontal break disconnect switches and bus supports

30 inches @110 kV BIL, centerline-to-centerline Ref. 18


Parameter Value Reference Short-circuit availability 381 A 1LG

24,594 A 3LG Ref. 116

Earth fault factor 1.732 (resistive grounded-wye) Conservative assumption

Fault clearing time Approx. 8 cycles at maximum 3-ph fault current (assume 3 cycles for relays, 5 cycles for breaker)

Photograph shown in Figure 21

System grounding Effectively grounded neutral (always), low-resistance grounded (20 ohms per transformer)

Nameplate

2.19 13.2 kV, 60 Hz SFC Supply Circuits

The existing 13.2 kV, 60 Hz supply circuits are (2) 3-1/c, 1000 kcmil cables between the 13.2 kV switchgear and the 60 Hz open-air bus, running in 6" conduit. The circuits transition to (4) 3-1/c, 500 kcmil cables between the 60 Hz open-air bus and the 60 Hz SFC transformers, running in 5" conduit.

The new SFC #4, 60 Hz supply circuits will replicate the existing SFC cable design. New open-air bus will be constructed for SFC #4 similar to SFC #3. It will contain a grounding switch, CTs, PTs, and surge arresters. The instrument transformer ratings will be selected by the SFC vendor.

Parameters for both the 1000 kcmil and 500 kcmil cables are provided below. Table 17 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz SFC Supply Cables

Parameter Values Reference Rated Voltage 15 kV rms Ref. 28 Voltage withstand 35 kV rms Ref. 28 Size 1000 kcmil stranded 500 kcmil stranded Selected Number of conductors per cable

One (1) Selected

Conductor Soft-drawn bare copper Ref. 28 Insulation type XLPE Ref. 28 Insulation thickness 100% insulation level, 175 mils Ref. 28 Shield 5 mil copper tape, >10% overlap Ref. 28 Jacket type PVC Ref. 28 Jacket thickness >70 mils Ref. 28 Normal Operation Temperature

105°C Ref. 28

Emergency Operation 140°C Ref. 28 Short Circuit Operation 250°C Ref. 28 Load current 676 A rms continuous Calculated Estimated ampacity 640 A each circuit

x 2 circuits x 0.88 correction factor (2 conduits) x (1 - 0.06 x 6 ft)= 721 A rms continuous 3-1/c cable per duct. Burial depth 8.5 ft. Derated additional 6% per foot of burial depth after 30 inches (2.5 ft). Cable operated at 90⁰C.

370 A each circuit x 4 circuits x 0.94 correction factor (4 conduits) x (1 - 0.06 x 6 ft)= 890 A rms continuous 3-1/c cable per duct. Burial depth 8.5 ft. Derated additional 6% per foot of burial depth after 30 inches (2.5 ft). Cable operated at 90⁰C.

Ref. 29, NEC Table 310.77, Details 1 and 2, and Appendix B notes

Installation location Conduits in concrete encased duct bank By design Approximate O.D. 1.71 inches 1.38 inches for 1/c

2.91 inches for 3/c Ref. 126

Minimum bend radius 1.71 x 12 = 21 inches 1.38 x 12 = 17 inches for 1/c 2.91 x 7 = 21 inches for 3/c

Ref. 29, NEC Section 300.34

Allowable pulling tension 8000 lbs 4000 lbs Ref. 130 Allowable sidewall pressure 500 lbs/ft Ref. 130

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 Manholes shall be sized in accordance with NEC 314.71.

Table 18 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Manholes

Parameter Value Reference Straight pulls - minimum length of box 48 times outside diameter of shielded cable Ref. 29 Angle or U-pulls - minimum distance between each conductor or conductor entry inside box and opposite wall

36 times outside diameter of shielded cable, increased for additional entries by the amount of the sum of the outside diameters, over sheath, of all other cables or conductor entries through the same wall of the box.

Ref. 29

2.20 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Circuit Breakers All new outdoor circuit breakers on the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz system shall meet the following requirements.

Table 19 - New 13.2 kV Circuit Breakers

Parameter Value Reference Rated maximum voltage 15.5 kV Ref. 15 BIL 95 kV Ref. 15 Current carrying capacity 2000 A rms continuous Ref. 15 Interrupting duty 40 kA Ref. 15 Close-and-latch 104 kA Ref. 15 Rated interrupting time 83 ms Ref. 15

2.21 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Busbars

All new busbars used on the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz open-air substation shall be the following requirements. Table 20 - 13.2 kV Open-Air Substation Busbars

Parameter Value Reference Rated maximum voltage 15.5 kV Ref. 18 BIL New: 110 kV peak

Existing: 150 kV peak Ref. 18 Ref. 112

Current carrying capacity 1100 A minimum Ref. 112 Withstand current 40 kA rms sym Ref. 112 Centerline-to-centerline spacing for rigid buses 24 inches Ref. 18 Minimum metal-to-metal distance for rigid conductors

12 inches Ref. 18

Minimum to grounded parts 10 inches recommended 7 inches minimum

Ref. 18

Size 2 inches nominal, schedule 40 Selected Alloy 6061-T6 Selected Radial thickness of ice 0.5 inches (NESC heavy) Ref. 37 Wind pressure 4 lbs/ft2 Ref. 37 Maximum vertical conductor deflection 1/200 of span length Ref. 37

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.22 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Air Disconnect and Grounding Switches

All new air disconnect and grounding switches on the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz system shall be station class and meet the following requirements.

Table 21 - 13.2 kV Disconnect and Grounding Switches

Parameter Value Reference Rated maximum voltage 15.5 kV Ref. 18 BIL 110 kV peak Ref. 18 Minimum 60 Hz withstand 50 kV, dry, 60 seconds

45 kV, wet, 10 seconds Ref. 18

Opening/closing capability 3/4 inch ice Ref. 18 Current carrying capacity Disconnect switch - 1600 A rms continuous

Grounding switch - None Ref. 18

Withstand current 44 kA rms sym 114 kA peak

Ref. 18

Minimum metal-to-metal distance disconnecting switches, bus supports and rigid conductors

12 inches Ref. 18

Ground clearance 10 inches recommended 7 inches minimum

Ref. 18

Centerline-to-centerline spacing 24 inches - vertical break 30 inches - side break 36 inches - horn gap

Ref. 18

2.23 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Surge Arresters All new surge arresters on the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz system shall meet the following requirements.

The nominal system voltage is 13.2 kV.

Maximum continuous line-to-ground voltage = 13.2 kV / 1.732 x 1.05 = 8.0 kV

During a line-to-ground fault, with the system being grounded through a 20 ohm neutral grounding resistor, the temporary overvoltage (TOV) between line-to-ground is:

TOV = 13.2 kV x 1.05 = 13.9 kV

Selecting an MCOV rating of 8.4 kV, the highest corresponding station class duty cycle rating is 15 kV per IEEE C62.22. This will adequately protect the solid-dielectric cable and converter input transformers.

Table 22 - 60 Hz Surge Arresters Connected Line-to-Ground

Parameter Value Reference Type Gapless metal-oxide Selected Maximum line-to-ground 8.0 kV rms Calculated TOV rms 13.9 kV rms Calculated MCOV rating 8.4 kV rms Ref. 22 Duty cycle 15 kV rms Ref. 22 Class Station Ref. 22

For surge arresters connected line-to-line, the maximum continuous voltage between phases is:

Maximum continuous line-to-line voltage = 13.2 kV x 1.05 = 13.9 kV Table 23 - 60 Hz Surge Arresters Connected Line-to-Line

Parameter Value Reference Type Gapless metal-oxide Selected Maximum line-to-line 13.9 kV rms Calculated TOV rms 13.9 kV rms Calculated MCOV rating 15.3 kV rms Ref. 22 Duty cycle 18 kV rms Ref. 22 Class Station Ref. 22


2.24 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Instrument Transformers Table 24 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Current Transformers

Parameter Value Reference Ratio 2000:5 A multiratio Ref. 21 Accuracy class C400 Ref. 21 Secondary thermal overload 2.0 Ref. 21 Insulation class 15.5 kV Ref. 21 BIL 110 kV Ref. 21 Power frequency withstand 34 kV Ref. 21

Table 25 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Potential Transformers

Parameter Value Reference Nominal voltage 13.2 kV Ref. 21 Insulation class 15.5 kV Ref. 21 Primary voltage 8400 V Ref. 21 Secondary voltage 120 V Ref. 21 Ratio 70:1 Ref. 21 Burden Z, 200 VA Ref. 21 Accuracy class Relaying - 0.3

Metering - 0.15 Ref. 21

BIL 110 kV Ref. 21

2.25 13.2 kV, 60 Hz Insulators Table 26 - 60 Hz Insulators

Parameter Value Reference Nominal voltage 13.2 kV Given BIL 110 kV Ref. 23 Low-frequency wet withstand 45 kV Ref. 23

2.26 6.9 kV, 60 Hz Switchgear The 6.9 kV switchgear NOS-SWGY is located in the 230 kV Control Building and has a main-tie-main automatic transfer system. The 6.9 kV switchgear originally had four feeder breakers, but with time, it has been reduced to just two operating circuit breakers. The wheel turn building and the 100 Hz motor-generator signal feeders are no longer used. The main function is to supply power to the Delta East and Delta West part of the Septa system. The load is estimated to be 250 kVA.

2.27 480 V, 60 Hz Switchgear

The 480 V switchgear is located in the 230 kV Control Building. It was designed to supply two redundant power feeders to each of the four SFCs with a main-tie-main automatic transfer system. Additionally, this switchgear supplies power to MCC1 and MCC2, which powers the 230 kV Control Building and the SFC Building, respectively. In time, other loads were added for the Power Distribution (PD) Building and the old Tempco Building (old rotary converter building).

The 480 V switchgear has two spare cubicles dedicated to supply the new SFC #4. New 480 V feeders will be routed from the 230 kV Control Building to the SFC Building for SFC #4. Existing feeders for SFC #1, #2, and #3 will remain routed from the 230 kV Control Building, but will be spliced at the SFC Building to new feeders supplying the SFC auxiliary power system equipment.

SFC #4 auxiliary power feeders are required to be 500 kcmil with a higher trip setting, since they will also carry the SFC Control Building Roof Top Unit air-conditioning/heating load.


Table 27 - 480 V Distribution Feeder Data

Parameter Values for SFC #1, #2, #3 Values for SFC #4 Reference Nominal voltage 480 V 480 V Ref. 114 Insulation 600 V 600 V Cable size 3-1/c, 350 kcmil 3-1/c, 500 kcmil Ref. 114 Breaker type Siemens Static Trip II Siemens Static Trip II Ref. 114 Frame size 800 A 800 A Ref. 114 Trip coil range 400 A 400 A Ref. 114 Long-time delay pickup 250 A 400 A Ref. 114 Short-time delay pickup 3000 A 3000 A Ref. 114 Ground sensor pickup 200 A 200 A Ref. 114

Equipment grounding is accomplished by running ground wires, bonded to metallic conduits, cable trays, and embedded in concrete encased duct lines, along with the circuit conductors.

2.28 Low-Voltage Distribution System The existing 480 V-208Y/120 V transformers and 208Y/120 V ac power distribution panels in the SFC Building will remain, but SFC Room lighting circuits will be removed from these panels and placed on the new SFC distribution panels supplied by the SFC Contractor.

Roof-top air-conditioning and heating units (RTUs) will be powered from the new SFC distribution panels supplied by the SFC Contractor.

2.29 125 V dc Power System The existing 125 V dc battery and charger systems may be required to operate the new SFC equipment. The batteries are presently used for the existing SFC system and 25 Hz circuit breaker control. Per SEPTA's request, the existing battery system will be replaced with a new 120 V dc, 190 A-hr pure lead VRLA (valve-regulated, lead-acid) AGM (absorbent glass mat) stationary battery of flat plat construction, comprised of ten (10) monoblocks (a.k.a. multi-cell unit or monoblock) at 12 V dc each. Using new VRLA batteries will require replacing the battery charger system as well.

2.30 Lighting

Lighting levels are adequate in all building areas. The existing lighting systems in the converter building consist of standard 4-foot fluorescent lighting fixtures. In the corridors, the lighting fixtures are suspended from the ceiling. In the control room, the fixtures are integrally fitted into the ceiling.

All fixtures within the SFC Building will be upgraded to LED-type fixtures. LED exit lights and emergency egress lights will be added where required by NFPA 101 life safety code.

The existing yard lighting is adequate. Lighting fixtures are mounted on poles and on the sides of buildings. Lighting fixtures on the side of SFC #3 building will be removed with the construction of SFC #4 building. New LED-type lighting will be specified for SFC #4 building exterior to replace the lighting removed from the side of SFC #3 building.


Figure 24 - Control Room lighting fixtures

Figure 25 - Suspended fixtures in the SFC building corridor

2.31 Grounding

All outdoor switchyard grounding grids shall be constructed to meet the requirements of IEEE 80, the IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding. A grounding grid study, which demonstrates compliance with the requirements of IEEE 80, is required, and the resistance to remote earth of the completed ground grid shall be tested. It is anticipated that grounding grids will only be required in the SFC 25 Hz switchyard.

All switching and substation grounding grids shall be constructed with a minimum of 4/0 AWG copper conductor and shall be installed a minimum of 18 inches below grade. All pigtail connections to equipment and structures shall be made with 350 kcmil copper and all equipment and structures shall be connected by at least two connections to the ground grid.

All below grade connections shall be exothermically welded. All equipment and structure grounding connectors shall meet the requirements of IEEE 837-2002, IEEE Standard for Qualifying Permanent Connections for use in Substation Grounding. All metallic fences, platforms, and railings within a station shall be grounded by cable connections and not rely on mechanical contact with supporting structures, all discontinuous pieces shall have two connections to the ground grid.

All feeder and branch circuit wiring shall be specified with dedicated copper ground wires. Conduit systems shall not be used for equipment grounding.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.32 Lightning Protection The existing building and switchyards are protected from lightning strikes utilizing the static wire above the tracks. There is no equipment mounted on either the 230 kV building or the converter building for lightning protection.

All equipment located between the 230 kV control building and the 25 Hz traction power substation, including the SFC filter yards and building, shall be protected against lightning in accordance with IEEE-998.

2.33 Power and Control Cable

2.33.1 General

The design of wire and cable for continuous operating current shall be based on a maximum ambient temperature of 40°C and continuous conductor temperatures of 60°C for conductor sizes No. 1 AWG and smaller and 75°C for conductor sizes 1/0 AWG and larger (in accordance with UL terminal temperature ratings).

Where UL terminal temperature ratings do not apply, conductor temperatures may be 90°C unless otherwise required by the NEC.

In areas where the ambient temperature exceeds 40°C, the wire and cable shall be derated in accordance with the NEC.

Design of wire and cable which shall be installed in underground duct lines shall be based on an ambient earth temperature of 20°C with the thermal resistivity of the earth at RHO-90 (°C-cm/watt).

All conductor insulation for cables installed indoors shall be 90°C thermosetting material (Type XHHW). Cable jackets also shall be of a thermosetting material (thermoset CPE). This applies to SFC vendor power, control, and instrumentation wire as well as all building wire.

All conductors, with the exception of thermocouple extension and fiber-optic cables, shall be Class B concentric strand copper in accordance with ASTM B8.

Conduit within the buildings shall be either RGS conduit or EMT. Underground conduits shall be Schedule 40 PVC encased in concrete. Outdoor areas which transition to above grade or are subject to physical damage will transition with RGS conduit.

2.33.2 15 kV Power Cable All 15 kV cable used for the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz system shall be single-conductor, multiple-stranded copper, type MV-105, suitable for TC use, 105°C rating, 100% percent insulation, shielded bare copper tape with 12.5 percent minimum overlap, ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) insulation, extruded semiconducting strand screen, with a PVC jacket. All cables must be suitable for wet or dry locations, indoors or outdoors, in any raceway or underground duct, and direct buried. Conductors shall be 98 percent conductive (minimum) copper. All cables must be sunlight resistant. Cables must meet the requirements of NEMA WC 74/ICEA S-93-639, UL1072, IEEE 383 (Vertical Flame Test).

2.33.3 600 V Cable

All multiconductor 600 V power and control cable shall be UL type TC with flame-retardant cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and thermoset CPE jacket, suitable for wet or dry locations, in any raceway or underground duct. All cables must be sunlight resistant.

All single conductor 600 V power cable shall be type RHH or RHW with flame retardant ethylene propylene (FREP) insulation. It shall be manufactured and tested in accordance with the requirements of NEMA WC 70, UL44, UL1581, and IEEE 383 (Vertical Flame Test). All cables must be suitable for wet or dry locations indoors or outdoors, in any raceway or underground duct. All cables must be sunlight resistant.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 Instrumentation cable shall be 600 V UL type TC with XLPE insulation and thermoset CPE jacket. It shall be manufactured and tested in accordance with the requirements of NEMA WC 53, UL 1277, and IEEE 383 (Vertical Flame Test).

Thermocouple extension wire shall be 600 V, with XLPE insulation and thermoset CPE jacket. It shall be manufactured and tested in accordance with the requirements of NEMA WC 57, UL 1277, and IEEE 383 (Vertical Flame Test).

Data highway wire shall be 600 V, UL type PLTC plenum rated coax with thermoset insulation. It shall be manufactured and tested in accordance with the requirements of NEMA WC 63.2, UL 1277, and IEEE 383 (Vertical Flame Test).

2.34 Cable Installation Criteria Table 28 - Cable Installation Parameters

Parameter Value Reference Maximum allowable conductor stress 0.008 lb/cmil for soft-drawn copper conductor Ref. 125 Coefficient of Dynamic Friction 0.35 for PVC jacketed cables in PVC conduit

0.40 for PVC jacketed cables in metallic conduit 0.50 for CPE jacketed cables in metallic or PVC conduit

Ref. 125

Maximum sidewall pressure 300 lbs/ft for 600 V nonshielded control cable 500 lbs/ft for 600 V power cable 500 lbs/ft for 15 kV power cable

Ref. 125

Minimum bending radii 12 times cable O.D. for shielded cable 600 V and greater 8 times cable O.D. for non-shielded cable 600 V and greater

Ref. 125

2.35 Underground Installation Criteria

Underground conduit systems shall be installed per NESC requirements (Ref. 14).

Conduit systems to be occupied by instrumentation, communication, and/or control conductors shall be separated from conduit systems to be used for power supply systems by not less than 3 inches of concrete, 4 inches of masonry, or 12 inches of well-tamped earth (Ref. 14, Section 320).

Conduit systems shall be installed with a minimum of 36 inches of cover so that impact loading need not be considered (Ref. 14, Section 322).

A warning ribbon shall be placed at least 12 inches above underground conduit systems.

2.36 Medium-Voltage Cable Terminations

Medium-voltage cable terminations shall comply with IEEE 48.

Aerial connector lugs shall be provided for each termination. The connectors shall have NEMA four hole spacing and be capable of carrying the emergency operating current for 40°C ambient air temperature, with sun and no wind.

2.37 Control Circuit Voltage Ranges Table 29 - Control Circuit Voltages

Rated Voltage Required Voltage Range Reference 125 V dc 90-140 V dc, operating and auxiliary function

70-140 V dc, tripping function Ref. 18, Table 17

120 V ac 104-127 V ac, operating and auxiliary function Ref. 18, Table 17 480 V ac 416-508 V ac, operating and auxiliary function Ref. 18, Table 17

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.38 Conduit Bends and Fill Conduit bend radius and fill capacity shall follow Tables 1 and 2 of NEC Chapter 9.

Table 30 - Conduit Fill Capacity

Number of Conductors Maximum Fill Reference 1 53% Ref. 29 2 31% Ref. 29

Over 2 40% Ref. 29

Table 31 - Conduit Minimum Bend Radius

Conduit Size Minimum Bend Radius Reference 4 24 in Ref. 29 5 30 in Ref. 29 6 36 in Ref. 29

2.39 25 Hz, 24/12 kV System Characteristics Table 32 - 13.2 kV, 25 Hz System Characteristics

Parameter 12 kV trolley system 24 kV feeder system Nominal operating voltage 12 kV 24 kV Operating voltage range -5% to +10% (due to train regenerative braking) Phase number Single-phase, two-pole Frequency 25 Hz Insulation class 27 kV 46 kV Impulse withstand (BIL) 150 kV 250 kV

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.40 25 Hz, 24/12 kV Circuit Breakers A new circuit breaker will be installed for each SFC. The breaker shall follow all applicable IEEE C37 requirements except as required by Table 33.

Table 33 - 25 Hz, 46 kV, Two-Pole Circuit Breaker

Parameter Value Rated insulating voltage 46 kV Rated operating voltage 36 kV pole-to-pole Number of poles 2 Rated frequency 25 Hz Normal frequency withstand voltage, dry/wet 95 kV Rated full wave impulse withstand voltage - Basic insulation level (BIL) across contact gap and to ground

250 kV

Rated transient recovery voltage (TRV) 57 kV Rated voltage range factor K 1.0 Rated standard operating duty CO – 15 s - CO Rated continuous current 2,000 A Overload rating Compatible with SFC rating Rated short circuit current 25 kA Closing time, maximum 65 milliseconds Opening time, maximum 22 milliseconds Break time, maximum 33 milliseconds Dead time, maximum 300 milliseconds Rated permissible tripping delay 3 seconds Mechanical switching capability 20,000 operations Continuous current switching capability 10,000 operations Short circuit current switching capability for 12 kV circuit breakers at 25 kA

60 operations

Short circuit current switching capability for 24 kV circuit breakers at 12 kA

100 operations

Short circuit current switching capability for 24 kV circuit breakers operating at 36 kV and 8 kA

150 operations

Rated AC control voltage, nominal 120 V ac, 60 Hz Rated DC control voltage, nominal 130 V dc Arc chamber service life, minimum 20 years Design service life, minimum 30 years

2.41 25 Hz Busbars All new busbars used on the 25 Hz open-air substation shall be the following requirements.

Table 34 - 25 Hz Open-Air Substation Busbars

Parameter Value Reference Rated maximum voltage 48.3 kV Ref. 18 BIL New: 250 kV

Existing: 250 kV Ref. 18 Ref. 113

Current carrying capacity 1000 A Ref. 113 Withstand current 12 kA Ref. 113 Centerline-to-centerline spacing for rigid buses 48 inches Ref. 18 Minimum metal-to-metal distance for rigid conductors

21 inches Ref. 18 Ref. 113

Minimum to grounded parts 18 inches recommended 17 inches minimum

Ref. 18 Ref. 113

Size 2 inches nominal, schedule 40 Selected Alloy 6061-T6 Selected Radial thickness of ice 0.5 inches (NESC heavy) Ref. 37 Wind pressure 4 lbs/ft2 Ref. 37 Maximum vertical conductor deflection 1/200 of span length Ref. 37

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.42 25 Hz Air Switches All new air disconnect and grounding switches on the 25 Hz system shall be station class and meet the following requirements.

Table 35 - 25 Hz Disconnect and Grounding Switches

Parameter 12 kV Circuits 24 kV Circuits and Two-Pole Circuits

Reference

Rated maximum voltage 27 kV 48.3 kV Ref. 18 BIL 150 kV peak 250 kV peak Ref. 18 Minimum 60 Hz withstand 70 kV, dry, 60 seconds

60 kV, wet, 10 seconds 120 kV, dry, 60 seconds 100 kV, wet, 10 seconds

Ref. 18

Opening/closing capability 3/4 inch ice 3/4 inch ice Ref. 18 Current carrying capacity Disc - 2000 A rms continuous

Gnd - None Disc - 2000 A rms continuous Gnd - None

Ref. 18

Withstand current 44 kA rms sym (60 Hz) 114 kA peak (60 Hz)

44 kA rms sym (60 Hz) 114 kA peak (60 Hz)

Ref. 18

Minimum metal-to-metal distance disconnecting switches, bus supports and rigid conductors

15 inches 21 inches Ref. 18

Ground clearance 12 inches recommended 10 inches minimum

18 inches recommended 17 inches minimum

Ref. 18

Centerline-to-centerline spacing

30 inches - vertical break 36 inches - side break 48 inches - horn gap

48 inches - vertical break 60 inches - side break 72 inches - horn gap

Ref. 18

For 25 Hz two-pole circuits use the 48.3 kV maximum voltage, 250 kV BIL ratings.

2.43 25 Hz Surge Arresters

All new surge arresters on the 12 kV and 24 kV, 25 Hz system shall meet the following requirements.

The highest voltage on the 25 Hz system is 110% of nominal due to train voltage regeneration.

The nominal catenary voltage is 12 kV.

Maximum continuous line-to-ground voltage = 12 kV x 1.10 = 13.2 kV

The nominal feeder voltage is 24 kV.

Maximum continuous line-to-ground voltage = 24 kV x 1.10 = 26.4 kV

During a line-to-ground fault, with the system being solidly grounded, the temporary overvoltage (TOV) between line-to-ground is no higher than the maximum continuous line-to-ground voltages, respectfully. Arrester ratings are based on existing SEPTA requirements.

Table 36 - 25 Hz Surge Arresters

Parameter 12 kV Circuits 24 kV Circuits Reference Type Gapless metal-oxide Gapless metal-oxide Selected BIL 150 kV 250 kV Selected Maximum line-to-ground 13.2 kV 26.4 kV Calculated TOV rms 13.2 kV 26.4kV Calculated MCOV rating 15.3 KV 29 kV Ref. 14 Duty cycle 18 kV 36 kV Ref. 14 Class Station Station Selected

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.44 25 Hz Instrument Transformers

Table 37 - 25 Hz Current Transformers

Parameter 12 kV Circuits 24 kV Circuits Reference Ratio 1200:5 A 600:5 A Ref. 96 Accuracy class C400 C400 Ref. 21 Secondary thermal overload 2.0 2.0 Ref. 21 Insulation class 25 kV 46 kV Ref. 21 BIL 150 kV 250 kV Ref. 21 Power frequency withstand 50 kV 95 kV Ref. 21

Table 38 - 25 Hz Potential Transformers

Parameter 12 kV Circuits 24 kV Circuits Reference Nominal voltage 12 kV 24 kV Ref. 96 Insulation class 25 kV 46 kV Ref. 21 Primary voltage 12 kV 24 kV Ref. 21 Secondary voltage 120 V 120 V Ref. 21 Ratio 100:1 200:1 Ref. 96 Burden Z, 200 VA Z, 200 VA Ref. 21 Accuracy class Relaying - 0.3

Metering - 0.15 Relaying - 0.3 Metering - 0.15

Ref. 21

BIL 150 kV 250 kV Ref. 21

2.45 25 Hz Insulators

For two-pole arrangements, use 24 kV values for both 12 kV and 24 kV circuits. Table 39 - 25 Hz Insulators

Parameter 12 kV Circuits 24 kV Circuits Reference Nominal voltage 12 kV 24 KV Given Insulation Class 27 kV 46 kV Selected BIL 150 kV 250 kV Ref. 23 Low-frequency wet withstand 60 kV 100 kV Ref. 23

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.46 25 Hz Power Cables The selection of 12 kV, 24 kV, and rail return cables is based on recently purchased cables for the Wayne Junction Traction Power Substation (WJTPSS) project. The cable construction is for a 46 kV, 133% insulation cable. It is suitable for 12 kV, 24 kV, and rail return single-phase cables. This insulation level is similar to that which is existing, 63 kV, supplied by ASEA (46 kV x 1.33 = 61 kV).

Table 40 - 25 Hz Power Cables

Parameter 12 kV trolley 24 kV feeder Rail Return Reference Nominal Voltage 12 kV rms 24 kV rms 0 kV rms Given Nominal insulation rating 46 kV 46 kV 46 kV Selected Basic impulse level 250 kV 250 kV 250 kV Selected Size 1000 kcmil stranded

(61 strands) 1000 kcmil stranded (61 strands)

1000 kcmil stranded (61 strands)

Selected

Number of conductors per cable

One One One Selected

Conductor Soft-drawn bare copper

Soft-drawn bare copper

Soft-drawn bare copper

Selected

Insulation type Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)

Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)

Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)

Selected

Insulation thickness 133% level, 550 mils min, 630 mils max

133% level, 550 mils min, 630 mils max

133% level, 550 mils min, 630 mils max

Ref. 28

ac test voltage 116 kV 116 kV 116 kV Ref. 28 Shield 8 x 0.175" x 20 mil

tinned CU flat straps 8 x 0.175" x 20 mil tinned CU flat straps

8 x 0.175" x 20 mil tinned CU flat straps

Jacket type Crosslinked polyolefin (XLPO)

Crosslinked polyolefin (XLPO)

Crosslinked polyolefin (XLPO)

Jacket thickness 100 mils 100 mils 100 mils Ref. 28 Normal Operation Temperature

105°C 105°C 105°C Ref. 28

Emergency Operation 140°C 140°C 140°C Ref. 28 Short Circuit Operation 250°C 250°C 250°C Ref. 28 Load current 1316 A rms

continuous (Assumes full SFC load on trolley conductor)

658 A rms continuous (Assumes full SFC load on feeder conductor)

Calculated

Estimated ampacity 658 A each conductor x 2 conductors = 1316 A 2-1/c cable in one duct. Burial depth 10 ft. Cable operated less than 105⁰C. Includes rail return conductors in another other duct.

658 A each conductor x 1 conductors = 658 A 1-1/c cable in one duct. Burial depth 10 ft. Cable operated less than 105⁰C.

ETAP simulation

Installation location Conduits in concrete encased duct bank, 1/c per duct

Conduits in concrete encased duct bank, 1/c per duct

Conduits in concrete encased duct bank, 1/c per duct

Selected

Approximate O.D. 2.748 inches 2.748 inches 2.748 inches Refs. 129 Minimum bend radius 33 inches 33 inches 33 inches Ref. 29, Section

300.34 Allowable pulling tension 8000 lbs 8000 lbs 8000 lbs Ref. 130 Allowable sidewall pressure 500 lbs/ft 500 lbs/ft 500 lbs/ft Ref. 130

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 2.47 Interlocking Disconnect switches on the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz system and 24/12 kV, 25 Hz system are interlocked so that they cannot be operated if their respective circuit breaker is open.

Ground switches on the 13.2 kV, 60 Hz system and 24/12 kV, 25 Hz system are interlocked so that they cannot be operated if their respective disconnect switches are closed.

2.48 SFC Protective Relaying

The SFC system shall have the following protective relaying schemes as a minimum. Table 41 - 13.2 kV, 60 Hz SFC Protective Relaying

Parameter Description Reference Bus overvoltage protection Three-phase definite time overvoltage detection Ref. 131 Overcurrent protection Three-phase overcurrent and ground fault detection using

time-overcurrent and instantaneous settings Ref. 131

Transformer differential protection Three-phase instantaneous percentage differential protection Ref. 131 Transformer supervision Gas relay, oil level, oil temperature, winding temperature,

relief vent, and pressure relay. Ref. 131

Table 42 - 24/12 kV, 25 Hz SFC Protective Relaying

Parameter Description Reference Overcurrent protection Single-phase overcurrent and ground fault detection using

time-overcurrent and instantaneous settings Ref. 131

Reverse power protection Detects current flowing in the wrong direction. Ref. 131 Transformer differential protection Single-phase instantaneous percentage differential protection Ref. 131 Transformer supervision Gas relay, oil level, oil temperature, winding temperature,

relief vent, and pressure relay. Ref. 131

2.49 25 Hz Substation Protective Relaying

The 24/12 kV, 25 Hz system shall have the following relaying schemes. Table 43 - 24/12 kV, 25 Hz Substation Protective Relaying

Parameter Description Reference Bus/cable differential protection Single-phase instantaneous differential protection zoned

around the traction power substation bus, the 12 and 24 kV cables, and the 25 Hz SFC output circuit breaker.

Ref. 96

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 3.0 Fire Detection and Annunciation

3.1 Introduction

There are three existing Pyrotronics fire alarm detection and annunciation panels that monitor the fire alarm devices in the static frequency converter building and the 230 kV substation. These FACPs monitor and control eight deluge fire suppression sprinkler systems that protect the exterior transformers and six Halon fire suppression systems that protect four converter rooms, two battery rooms and a control room. Included is smoke detection and manual pull stations. These panels are near the end of life and will be replaced.

Figure 26 - Existing Fire Alarm and Halon System Control Panel in SFC building

3.2 Design Criteria

The entire system will be replaced with new addressable components. The new panels will monitor the new FM-200 systems, which replace the Halon system in the SFC Building, the new deluge system panel for the outdoor transformers, and the buildings that have smoke detection and manual pull stations. All detection devices and notification devices will be replaced as well. This system will be designed for remote monitoring by SEPTA's TycoIS contractor.

For the 230 kV control building, the new fire alarm control panel will control the existing deluge systems, which are not being modified, and control/monitor the existing fire alarm devices. The new FACP in the 230 kV switchgear building will also control the existing Halon system.

For the SFC building, the new FACP will monitor and control the FM-200 system, the new deluge system panel, and control/monitor the new addressable fire alarm system detectors and pull stations, which are not controlled by the FM-200 or deluge system panels.

These panels will communicate with each other and report to the communications RTU, which reports to 1234 Market Street. Individual points will be reported to the RTU.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 4.0 Communications and Control

4.1 Introduction

There are two components that make op the communications and control system. The first component is the network connectivity to the SFC building. The SFC building is connected to a SONET network that provides redundant, fault tolerant connectivity to the main control center located at 1234 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA. The second component is the SCADA system that monitors and controls the 230 kV substation and associated monitor and control points. The SCADA system is currently a QEI system, now supported by CG Automation.

The current telephone service for the SFC building is standard POTS lines. A typical POTS system provides five 9's of reliability (99.999%).

Figure 27 - Existing QEI Cabinet located in the SFC building Control Room

4.2 Design Criteria

The current SONET network is relatively new and does not require upgrades or modifications. Given the age of the current SCADA system, the system will be upgraded to the ePAQ-9410 Multifunction Gateway. This will allow the integration of the current analog inputs, status inputs, accumulator inputs, and control outputs in to a common control system that is Ethernet capable. The current telephone service will remain.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 5.0 Security

5.1 Introduction

The current security for the SFC building consists of occupancy sensors and entry door alarms that are monitored remotely by SEPTA’s existing Master SCADA system.

Figure 28 – Existing occupancy sensor located in SFC building corridor

5.2 Design Criteria The current configuration will be maintained. This consists of remotely monitoring local intrusion detection alarms by SEPTA's Master SCADA system located at 1234 Market Street. The local intrusion alarms will be collected via the local SCADA/RTU system and transmitted to the head-end via the existing SONET network.

A new security system will be installed per SEPTA's request.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 6.0 Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning

6.1 General Design Criteria

Outdoor air design conditions for heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) will be based on the 2009 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals for North East Philadelphia, PA.

Table 44 - Outdoor Design Temperatures

Parameter Value Winter Design Temperature

(ASHRAE 99.6% winter design condition) 11.6⁰F

Summer Design Conditions (ASHRAE 0.4% summer design condition)

92.7⁰F dry bulb

Table 45 - Indoor Design Temperatures

Parameter Value SFC Rooms & Corridors 77ºF cooling, 55ºF heating*

Other spaces 75ºF cooling, 70ºF heating * SFC equipment only requires the SFC Rooms and Corridors to be maintained at 41ºF. These spaces will have a setpoint of 55ºF to provide thermal comfort during maintenance. Note that corridors #1 and #4 would not meet the setpoint during a design heating condition (typically occurs before sunrise on coldest days of winter) during which time the EUH would be able to maintain the corridor at 51 ºF.

Table 46 - Internal Loads

Parameter Value SFC Rooms 30 kW of heat dissipation

Typical Spaces 0.5 kW/ft2 of receptacle load All Spaces 1.5 kW/ft2 of interior lighting

6.2 Roof Top Units

The existing roof-top unit (RTU) serving the control building is planned to be replaced in kind.

The existing control room only has a fire damper on the supply ductwork and none in the return ductwork. The system will be updated to meet current code requirements.

All RTU systems will be designed to accommodate the fire protection systems installed.

The existing RTUs serving the three SFC buildings will not be reused.

6.3 Make-Up Air Units

The existing make-up air units (MAUs) serving SFC #1 and #3 buildings will not be reused, since climate controlled air conditioning is required in the SFC buildings.

6.4 Ductwork

The existing ductwork systems will be reused to best extent possible. However, the existing ductwork insulation in the SFC building is in poor condition and will need to be replaced. The ductwork insulation in the SFC control building will not be replaced on any insulated ductwork that is existing to remain. Ductwork in the SFC buildings is to be demolished and replaced with new ductwork serving the new systems.

6.5 Exhaust Fans

The restroom/housekeeping fan will be replaced in kind. The battery room fan and associated ductwork will be replaced and sized appropriately for the new requirements of the battery room.

6.6 Outdoor Air Intakes

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 The existing outdoor air intake ventilator that serves the battery room will be replaced.

The existing outdoor air intake louvers that serve the SFC rooms will be removed. The wall openings will be patched to match existing.

6.7 New Control System A new direct digital control (DDC) building automation system will be provided. This DDC system will communicate with new HVAC mechanical systems, providing for occupancy scheduling, setpoint adjustment, and alarm monitoring at a minimum. Additional control options will be considered as required by the project, including monitoring of the associated SFC cooling systems and any additional points as requested by SEPTA and/or the SFC Contractor.

6.8 New HVAC Systems for SFC Rooms A new RTU will be provided for each SFC room. These RTUs will provide the climate control required by the new SFCs and thermal comfort for maintenance activities. A new insulated ductwork system will be provided for each RTU system.

6.9 New HVAC Systems for SFC Corridors

A new split-system heat pump will be provided for each SFC corridor. These heat pumps will provide thermal comfort for the corridors. A new electric unit heater will also be provided for each SFC corridor.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 7.0 Plumbing

7.1 Introduction

The existing building is served by a 3" domestic water service fed from a metered site fire/domestic water service main. The 3" service enters the building beneath the workshop floor in a concrete enclosure. The 3" domestic water service was recently replaced and includes a code-required backflow preventer. The domestic water system feeds a domestic water heater and plumbing fixtures throughout the building.

The existing building is served by a 4" sanitary drainage lateral that conveys wastes from interior plumbing fixtures and floor drains to a site combination sanitary/stormwater drainage system. The sanitary drainage system includes required vents and traps.

The existing building is served by several 4" storm laterals that convey stormwater from perimeter roof drains.

The building plumbing fixtures includes a water closet, a lavatory sink, mop sink, an electric water cooler and emergency shower. The fixtures are supplied with hot water through an electric water heater located in the janitor’s closet.

The emergency shower is not fed with tempered water, which is required under current code.

7.2 Design Criteria The existing water closet, lavatory sink, and electric water cooler will not be replaced. The existing safety shower and eyewash will be upgraded, since the batteries will be maintained. The emergency shower and eyewash is required to have tempered water supplied to the unit, therefore a dedicated electric water heater with emergency fixture mixing valve will be provided to serve the unit.

New roof drains and rainwater piping will be provided for the new addition. The rainwater piping will be routed underground to site laterals. Any existing rainwater piping beneath the building addition will be modified to allow construction of the addition.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 8.0 Fire Protection

8.1 Introduction

The interior converter rooms, control room, switchgear room and battery room are protected by existing Halon systems. Each converter room is protected by two Halon tanks, and the control room, switchgear room and battery room are protected by a single tank. The seven Halon tanks and equipment are located in the fire protection equipment rooms on the west and east sides of the building. Halon discharge for the systems is initiated by heat detectors located within each room. The discharge of Halon is detrimental to the environment and is being phased out for use as a gaseous suppression system and therefore will be replaced. In addition, the control system serving the Halon system is extremely old technology and is being replaced as part of the scope.

The exterior transformers are protected by dedicated dry deluge sprinkler systems. Water service for the deluge sprinkler systems enter the fire protection equipment rooms on the west and east sides of the building. Upon service entrance, a code-required backflow preventer is installed. The west service feeds one deluge valve and the east service feeds six deluge valves. A single spare connection for a future deluge valve is included within the room. Water flow for the systems is initiated by heat sensors local to the transformers.

Spaces other than listed above are currently not served by a sprinkler system. Due to the construction and size of the building, a sprinkler system is not required to be provided in the remaining spaces.

8.2 Design Criteria

8.2.1 Proposed FM-200 System

Due to the phasing out of Halon systems, the replacement of the Halon control system, and space modifications within the converter rooms, new FM-200 clean-agent systems will replace the existing Halon systems. A dedicated FM-200 system will be provided for each existing converter room and an FM-200 system will be provided to serve the existing control room, switchgear room, and battery room. An FM-200 system will also serve the new converter room in the building addition. The existing Halon system will remain in the 230 kV switchgear building, but the control panel is being replaced.

FM-200 system tanks and control panels serving converter rooms will be located in the equipment corridor outside each of the converter rooms. Piping will be extended from the FM-200 system tanks to nozzles within the converter rooms and crawlspaces, where applicable. It is anticipated that two FM-200 system tanks are required for each converter room.

The FM-200 system tank and control panel serving the control room, switchgear room, and battery room will be located within the east fire protection equipment room. Piping will be extended from the FM-200 system tanks to nozzles within these spaces. It is anticipated that one FM-200 system tank is required to serve these spaces.

New, dedicated, cross-zoned fire detection systems consisting of photoelectric smoke detectors will be provided to serve each FM-200 system. The smoke detectors will be directly monitored by the associated FM-200 system control panel. Each FM-200 control panel will be monitored by the building fire alarm system.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 8.2.2 Deluge System The water service and backflow preventers serving the building are adequate and will therefore be reused under this project.

Water flow test data provided by SEPTA, dated 6/13/2015 indicates the following: Table 47 - Water Flow Test Data from 6/13/15

Parameter Value Flow Hydrant Location 230 kV Transformer #2 Front Residual Hydrant Location 18th Street Gate Entrance Static Pressure 105 psi Residual Pressure 94 psi Flowrate 750 gpm

The water flow test data provided indicates that there is sufficient pressure and flow to serve the proposed deluge systems.

The existing deluge valves, trim, piping, and accessories are over 30 years old and will therefore be replaced. All fire water mains are in good working condition and will remain for reuse.

At the existing transformers, exterior piping and nozzles around the transformers will be removed to allow the removal of the transformers. New piping and nozzles will be provided around new transformers. Existing branch main piping from the existing deluge valve to the transformer location will be used to the greatest extent possible.

New deluge valves, trim and accessories is to be provided to serve the transformers at the building addition. The deluge valves will be installed within the east fire protection room. Piping will be extended from the existing water service manifold to the new deluge valves. A single dedicated multi-zone deluge control panel will be provided for the deluge systems.

If the final converter system selected does not include 60 Hz transformers, then the existing deluge system valves, trim, accessories, and piping serving the existing transformer location will be removed in their entirety.

Open head sprinkler nozzles will be provided around exterior transformers to allow complete coverage over the surface of the transformers. Sprinkler water flow at a rate of 0.25 gallons per minute for each square foot of transformer surface area will be provided as required by NFPA.

New dedicated fire detection systems consisting of linear heat detection wire are to be provided to serve each deluge system. The heat detectors are to be attached to the transformers and will be monitored by the deluge system control panel. The deluge system control panel will actuate the applicable deluge valve upon signal from the associated heat detector. The deluge system control panel will be monitored by the building fire alarm system.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 9.0 Architectural

9.1 Introduction

The existing facility houses three SFC's and a control room, which was constructed in two stages. According to as-built drawings, Phase I design drawings are dated 1984 and Phase II design drawings are dated 1987, placing construction within proximity to these years. The initial phase included construction of the SFC control room and one single SFC bay (SFC #2) to the southeast. The second phase involved construction of SFC #1 (attached to the southeast wall of the existing converter bay) and SFC #3 (attached to the northwest wall of the control room). As part of the second phase, a deluge room was constructed at the northeast end of the existing SFC control room.

9.2 Building Classification Table 48 - Preliminary Code Review - 2009 IBC

Code Section Section Title Required Existing Provided Remark

Chapter 3 - Use and occupancy Classification

306 Use group F-1 F-1 F-1

Chapter 5 - General Building Heights and Areas Table 503 Height/area

2 (55 ft) st. / 15,500 s.f. 1 st. / 6,950 1 st. / 8,382

Chapter 6 - Types of Construction

Table 602 Construction Type IIB IIB IIB Non Combustible

Table 601 Fire resistance rating

primary structure 0 0 0 bearing walls exterior 0 0 0 Bearing walls interior 0 0 0 Non bearing exterior walls See table 602 Non bearing interior walls 0 0 0 Floor construction 0 0 0 Roof construction 0 0 0

Chapter 7 - Fire and Smoke Protection

708.4 Shaft enclosure, fire rating Less than 4 stories 1 NA NA

Chapter 8 - Interior Finishes

Table 803.5

Interior wall and ceiling finish (NS) Class Class Class

Passageways B NA B Corridors C NA C Rooms and enclosed spaces C NA C



Interior wall and ceiling finish (S)

Passageways C NA C Corridors C NA C Rooms and enclosed spaces C NA C

Chapter 9 - Fire Protection Systems

903.2.4

Automatic Sprinkler system - Group F-1 required if all three conditions exist

Area exceeds 12,000 s.f. 6,950 8,382 Not Required

fire area located more than 3

stories above grade 3 stories 1 story 1 story Not Required Combined Fire Area 24,000 s.f. 6,950 8,382 Not Required

Chapter 10 - Means of Egress

Table 1004.1.1 Occupant load

Industrial 100 sf per

person 70 84 1005.1 Egress width

Stairs 0.3 inches / pp 21 inches 25.2 inches other components 0.2 inches / pp 14 inches 16.8"

1009.1 Stair width 44" min. NA 44" min. 1009.2 Headroom at stair 80" min. NA 80" min.

1009.4.2 Stair treads and risers Treads 11" min. - -

Riser 7" max / 4"

min - -

1009.4.4 Stair - Dimensional Uniformity tolerance .375" per flight - -

1009.5 Stair Landing Width Stair width - -

Depth Stair width - - Need not to exceed 48"

1009.6.1 Stairway walking surface 1:48 max. - -

1009.6.3 Enclosure under stairs 1 hour

enclosure - - 1009.7 Vertical rise (between levels) 12'-0" max. - -

1009.12 Handrail Each side of stair comply with

1012 1012 Handrails

Height (Min. / Max.) 34" - 38" - - Graspability (Min. / Max.) 1 1/4" - 2" - - Continuity continuous - -



Extensions (top/bottom) 12"/ tread

depth - -

Chapter 29 - Plumbing Fixtures Table

2902.1 Min. required plumbing fixtures

Water closet (Male/female) 1 per 100

persons = 2 1 1 Existing non-compliant

Lavatories (Male/female) 1 per 100

persons = 2 1 1 Existing non-compliant

Drinking Fountain 1 per 400

persons = 1 1 1 Water cooler in control room

Other (service sink) 1 1 1

9.3 Repairs and Upgrades

Existing building damage will be repaired as identified in this design criteria. Table 49 - SFC #1 Repairs and Upgrades

Location Repairs and Upgrades Interior Walls • Install CMU wall with double doors between

SFC equipment and main corridor • Repair cracks and re-paint

Doors & Louvers • Replace door weather-stripping with air tight seal

• Replace louvers with automatic airtight closing louvers

Floor None Ceiling None Basement None Roof • Replace roof with EPDM roofing system

• Replace all parapet coping • Provide OSHA compliant fall protection at

HVAC units. Exterior Walls • Repair spalling brick

• Repair cracks at east and west parapet • Repair cracked CMU base • Clean façade to remove efflorescence • Fill hole in CMU base • Provide weep holes to allow water to exit the

wall. Exterior East Transformer Bay • Repair CMU Base

• Clean façade to remove efflorescence • Seal open penetrations • Modify existing bus openings to accommodate

new transformers or reactors Exterior West Transformer Bay • Replace spalled brick

• Repair CMU Base


Location Repairs and Upgrades • Clean facade to remove efflorescence and

staining • Repair sealant at east and north wall • Modify existing bus openings to accommodate

new transformers or reactors

Table 50 - SFC #2 Repairs and Upgrades

Location Repairs and Upgrades Interior Walls Install CMU wall with double doors between SFC

equipment and main corridor Doors & Louvers Replace door weather-stripping with air tight seal Floor None Ceiling None Basement None Roof • Replace roof with EPDM roofing system

• Replace all parapet coping • Provide OSHA compliant fall protection at HVAC

units. • Add tread to existing stair

Exterior Walls • None Exterior East Transformer Bay • Re-paint areas of peeling paint

• Clean walls to remove staining • Scrape and paint steel support members if they

are to remain • Modify existing bus openings to accommodate

new transformers or reactors Exterior West Transformer Bay • Repair cracks and open mortar joints

• Repair CMU Base • Modify existing bus openings to accommodate

new transformers or reactors

Table 51 - SFC #3 Recommended Repairs and Upgrades

Location Recommended Repair and Upgrades Interior Walls • Repair cracks and re-paint

• Install CMU wall with double doors between SFC equipment and main corridor

Doors & Louvers Replace door weather-stripping with air tight seal Floor None Ceiling None Basement None Roof • Replace roof with EPDM roofing system


units Exterior Walls • Repair cracks/shifts at east and west parapet

• Repair cracked CMU base • Repair bulged CMU base • Clean façade to remove efflorescence


Location Recommended Repair and Upgrades • Fill hole in CMU base • Provide weep holes to allow water to exit the

wall. Exterior East Transformer Bay • Clean walls to remove efflorescence

• Repair cracks in brick and CMU base • Repair spalled penetrations • Modify existing bus openings to accommodate

new transformers or reactors • Repair stone subsidence

Exterior West Transformer Bay • Clean walls to remove efflorescence • Repair cracks in brick and CMU base • Modify existing bus openings to accommodate

new transformers or reactors • Repair stone subsidence

Table 52 - Control Building Repairs and Upgrades

Location Recommended Repairs and Upgrades Fire Pump Room Repair wall cracks and paint East Deluge Room None Main Corridor • Repair detached linear ceiling panels

• Remove non-working water fountain • Address the tripping hazard in the middle section

of the interior floor slab in the switchgear room and in the corridor between the battery room and the workshop storage room.

Battery Room • Paint ceiling • Replace missing HVAC register

Control Room Replace ceiling Workshop None Switchgear Room None Toilet Room Replace paper towel dispenser Custodial Closet Repair wall crack Doors and Louvers Replace door weather-stripping with air tight seal Roof • Replace roof with EPDM roofing system


units. • Add tread to existing stair

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 9.4 SFC #4 Building Design

9.4.1 General Description

The new building addition shall match the general look of the existing building.

9.4.2 Exterior Walls 1. Brick veneer (upper wall)

2. Ground face CMU base

3. 8" CMU backing course

4. Cavity filled with rebar and grout

9.4.3 Interior Walls

1. Painted interior CMU walls between SFC equipment and the main corridor.

2. The SFC equipment will be accessed via double doors with removable insulated transom for equipment access.

9.4.4 Roof 1. Metal roof deck.

2. rigid building insulation and tapered insulation to provide positive pitch to roof drains

3. EPDM roofing system

4. Factory finished metal coping

9.4.5 Floors and Foundation 1. Concrete floor with epoxy coating

2. Cast in place foundation walls

3. Crawl space provided with exterior access

9.4.6 Doors

1. Exterior doors and frames - 16 gauge, galvanized insulated hollow metal. Smoke tight seals for FM200 fire protection system

2. Interior doors and frames - 18 gauge hollow metal.

3. All doors will be provided with a removable insulated transom for equipment access

9.4.7 Louvers 1. Factory finished aluminum louvers with automatic dampers. Provide smoke tight seal for

FM200 Fire protection system.

2. Provide free air per ventilation requirements.

9.4.8 Stairs

1. Factory finished galvanized steel grated stair and landing.

2. Factory finished galvanized steel guard and handrails.

9.4.9 Painting

1. Interior: CMU: 1 coat interior enamel undercoat, 1 coat interior low luster (eggshell) alkyd enamel.


2. Hollow metal doors and frames: Factory primed, 2 coats interior semi-gloss alkyd enamel.

3. Exposed concrete floors: 2 coats of sealer.

4. Exposed construction – roof deck and support steel.

5. Color: White.

10.0 Structural

10.1 Introduction

10.1.1 Overall Building Construction and Layout

The general construction of the three buildings consists of steel roof framing, masonry load bearing walls, and concrete foundation walls. Steel columns are used in the middle building (SFC #2) in place of load bearing masonry wall. The floor construction for SFC #1 and #3 buildings consists of cast-in-place concrete beam and girder floor systems supported on timber pile foundations. The floor system in SFC #2 room differs in that it is designed as a cast-in-place concrete slab on grade that is built independent of pile support concrete grade beams and column pile cap foundations. This type of floor system is commonly referred to as a "floating slab," which means that it is not monolithically poured with the supporting grade beams.

The general condition of the three buildings and equipment support foundations are relatively sound. The existing drawings indicate that the major structural elements of the three buildings and the major equipment were built on concrete grade beams all supported on 12" diameter timber piles. The areas that are pile supported have little deficiencies in their existing state.

10.1.2 Repairs

10.1.2.1 Interior - floor drop/CMU wall cracks A structural repair is not required for the dropped slab in the Unit 2 switchgear room and adjacent corridor. The original design of the floor slab did not have these floors physically connected to the foundation grade beams and, therefore, is not part of the structural stability of the building. However, the dropped floor area does create a "tripping" hazard for the plant personnel as they travel from one area to another. The tripping hazard will be repaired.

The repairs for the CMU wall cracks in the switchgear room and corridor are not a necessity to maintain the overall structural stability of the SFC buildings. However, these walls are building components and, since there is no longer the overall continuity of the wall element, cracks will be repaired.

10.1.2.2 Exterior The end connections of the steel support beams over the transformer bays show minor rust on areas of the beam and the end connections. This is evident by the rust stains on the CMU wall below the connection. While there does not appear to be any significant loss of material section, these areas are to be cleaned and coated with a rust inhibitor and repainted to prevent any further possible deterioration.

In the 60 Hz and 25 Hz transformer bays, there appears to be a small amount of ground subsidence at the exterior fire walls partitions. These area are to be excavated, backfilled, and compacted to project specifications.

10.1.3 230 kV Control Building Openings in the existing building walls may need to be modified to adjust for new or additional duct work or piping. This may include new steel or masonry lintels.

10.1.4 60 Hz and 25 Hz Transformer Bay Areas A new oil containment pit may need to be installed for the SFC #2 transformer. The requirements (size, depth, construction type) will be similar to the existing containment pits in the SFC #1 and #3 rooms.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 Additional consideration should be given to the installation of the new transformers for SFCs #1 and #3. It is possible that existing transformer foundations will need to be modified or rebuilt for the new transformers, which will most likely affect the integrity of the existing oil containment structures in these bays and may require repair or possible rebuilding to accommodate new containment requirements.

Also, openings in the existing building walls may need to be modified to adjust for new or additional electrical bus ducts or piping. This may include new steel or masonry lintels.

10.1.5 SFC Building Roof It is an OSHA requirement to provide fall protection for maintenance personnel that will be working on roof equipment that is within ten feet of the roof edge. A fall protection system will be installed in the areas where personnel will be within this requirement. Engineered tie-off locations where personal will be equipped with safety harnesses and lanyards will be designed.

The upgrades for the SFCs will require mechanical equipment to be installed on the roof. Additional framing will be designed to support the new equipment, as well as the need to reinforce the existing steel to support the additional loading.

10.2 Building Design Criteria

10.2.1 Materials The building envelope for the new addition will be based on CMU load bearing construction. The floor inside the addition will be constructed using a steel supported concrete floor and the roof will be built using conventional steel construction.

The project shall be designed and constructed using materials with the following minimum property requirements.

Table 53 - Structural Steel

Structural steel W-shapes ASTM A 992, Grade 50 Miscellaneous steel shapes and plates ASTM A 36 Hollow Structural Shapes (HSS) ASTM A 1085-13 Structural steel pipe ASTM A 53, Grade E High strength bolts ASTM A 325 Welding AWS D1.1 Welding electrodes AWS A5.1 (E70XX) Anchor rods ASTM F 1554, Grade 50

Table 54 - Concrete 28-Day Compressive Strength

Foundations, normal weight concrete, air entrained f’c = 4,500 psi Slab-on-grade, normal weight, air entrained (exterior) f'c = 4,500 psi Slab-on-grade, normal weight, non-air entrained (interior) f’c = 4,000 psi Suspended slabs f’c = 4,000 psi

Table 55 - Reinforcing Steel

Bar reinforcing ASTM A 615, Grade 60 Welded Rebar, Threaded Rebar ASTM A 706, Grade 60 Welded wire reinforcement (WWR) ASTM A 1064, flat mesh

Table 56 - Masonry

Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU) ASTM C90 Grade N-1 f’m = 1500 psi partition f’m = 2000 psi load bearing/shear wall

Grout ASTM C476 –3000 psi Mortar ASTM C270 –Type M or S

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 10.2.2 Design Loads

10.2.2.1 Dead loads

Unit weights will be in accordance with the commentary to ASCE 7-05, for various construction materials and assemblies.

Table 57 - Dead Loads

Material Weights Concrete 150 pcf Steel 490 pcf Walls 12” Concrete Masonry Unit- grouted solid 126 psf 12” Concrete Masonry Unit- grouted 24” oc 78 psf 12” Concrete Masonry Unit- grouted 32” oc 72 psf 12” Concrete Masonry Unit- grouted 48” oc 66 psf 8” Concrete Masonry Unit- grouted solid 83 psf 8” Concrete Masonry Unit – grouted 24” oc 54 psf 8” Concrete Masonry Unit – grouted 32” oc 50 psf 8" Concrete Masonry Unit – grouted 48” oc 47 psf Roof Dead Loads Roofing membrane 2 psf Sheathing 3.5 psf 1 1/2” 20 gauge Type B Metal Roof Deck 2 psf Roof Insulation 8 psf Ancillary Loads (Lights/HVAC/Etc.): 10 psf

10.2.2.2 Live Loads Table 58 - Floor and Roof Live Loads

Live loads Roof 20 psf Suspended Floor 150 psf Basement Floor 60 psf

Table 59 - Wind Loads

Wind loads Basic Wind Speed V = 90 mph Exposure Category Main Wind Resisting System C Components and Cladding C Topographic Factor Kzt= 1.0 Directionality Factor Kd= 0.85 Wind Occupancy Category III Wind Importance Factor I= 1.15 Fm Global I= 1.15 Enclosure Classification (UNO) Enclosed Gust Effect Factor G = 0.85 Internal Pressure Coefficient (UNO) GCpi = +/- 0.18

Table 60 - Snow Loads

Snow loads Ground Snow Load Pg = 25 psf Flat Roof Snow Load Pf = 22 psf Snow Importance Factor I = 1.1 FM Global (component and cladding) I = 1.1 Snow Exposure Factor Ce =1.0


Thermal Factor Ct=1.1 FM Global (component and cladding) Ct = 1.1

Table 61 - Seismic Loading

Methodology ASCE 7-05 Site Location Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Seismic Occupancy Category III Seismic Importance Factor 1.25 Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) Ground Motion 0.2 Second Spectral Response Ss = 0.274 1.0 Second Spectral Response S1 = 0.060 Seismic Site Classification D Short Period Site Coefficient Fa = 1.581 Long Period Site Coefficient Fv = 2.4 Maximum Considered Earthquake Short Period, Fa * Ss SMs = 0.433 1s Period, Fv * S1 SM1 = 0.145 Design Spectral Acceleration Short Period SDs = 0.289 1s Period SD1 = 0.096 Other Seismic Design Category B Basic Seismic Force Resisting System Intermediate Response Modification Factor, R 3.5 System Overstrength Factor, WO 2.5 Deflection Amplification Factor, Cd 1.75 Seismic Response Coefficient, Cs 0.144 Analysis Procedure Equivalent Lateral Force

Table 62 - Allowable Deflections

Roof (Live Loads) L/360, 1” max Roof (Total Load) L/240, 1.5” max Floor (Live Loads) L/360, 1” max Floor (Total Load) L/240 Wall Assemblies (Horizontal deflection) L/240

Table 63 - Allowable Building Story Drifts

Wind at eave height (10 year wind) H/400

10.2.3 Global Stability

The stability analysis shall consider the overall global stability of the SFC building, bearing capacity analysis of the foundation soils, and settlement analysis of the proposed structure. The soil parameters used in the design of the structure shall be based on the project geotechnical report.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 11.0 Geotechnical

11.1 Introduction

The geotechnical design criteria presented herein shall govern the design of the following project elements:

• Shallow foundations (bearing capacity, settlement, stability)

• Deep foundations (timber piles, vertical and lateral capacity)

• Site Earthwork (subgrade preparation, compaction)

• Seismic design parameters

11.2 Design Criteria

11.2.1 Geotechnical Investigation

A geotechnical investigation was conducted by STV Incorporated in 2015 to supplement the subsurface data from a previous investigation conducted in 1992. The boring logs from both investigations are presented in the Contract Drawings for information and use by the Contractor.

The Geotechnical Engineering Report for the project presents a more detailed site subsurface characterization along with all available field and laboratory data.

11.2.2 Excavations Temporary excavation support for construction is the responsibility of the Contractor and shall be designed by a Professional Engineer licensed in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Excavation for any purpose shall not remove lateral support from any existing foundation without first underpinning or protecting the foundation against settlement or lateral translation.

11.2.3 Foundations

The existing SFC facility is to remain in service during earthwork and foundation construction. The proposed construction methods are required to minimize vibrations during construction to reduce impacts to the existing SFC facility.

Foundation depths must consider the final site grading and frost penetration. The frost depth for Philadelphia County is 36 inches.

Spread footing foundations and earth retaining structures are to be designed in accordance with IBC 2009, Section 1809.

Applied foundation pressures for each column and wall footing shall be computed as the resultant vertical load acting the effective width and length of the foundation, and shall not exceed the following allowable bearing pressures:

All Footings – 1,000 psf

In cases where a footing is subjected to moments in addition to vertical loads, the line of action of the resultant force shall have a maximum eccentricity from the centerline of the footing equal to B/6, where B is defined as the width of the footing in the corresponding direction of applied moment.

The structural design of floor slabs-on-grade is normally based on the theory of slabs on elastic foundations. The design value for the modulus of subgrade reaction to be used for structural design may be taken as 150 pci.

Where shallow footings are not feasible due to exceedance of allowable bearing, settlement, or eccentricity, timber piles may be used for foundation support.

Timber piles shall have a minimum butt diameter of 13 inches and a minimum tip diameter of 8 inches. The allowable single pile vertical capacity shall be 25 tons in compression and 2.510 tons in uplift with a required ultimate driving resistance of 57 tons based on factor of safety of 2.25 and verification of the pile capacity

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 via dynamic testing. In order to be considered braced, the minimum pile group size shall be three piles connected by a rigid cap.

The single pile lateral capacity shall be taken as 1 ton. Where piles are utilized in groups, the following P-Multipliers shall be used to reduce the single pile lateral capacity due to group effects:

Table 64 - P-Multipliers

Pile CTC spacing (in the direction of loading)

P-Multipliers, Pm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 and higher

3B 0.8 0.4 0.3 5B 1.0 0.85 0.7

11.2.4 Subgrade Penetration Subgrade preparation for the support of structure foundations and slabs-on-grade shall consist of scarifying the upper 8 inches to 12 inches of the subgrade, moisture conditioning as needed to achieve a moisture content within plus or minus 2 percent of optimum, and recompaction to a minimum of 95% maximum Standard Proctor (ASTM D698) dry density.

11.2.5 Seismic Design Parameters

Seismic loads are based on the methodology outlined in IBC 2009 and ASCE 7-05 and the recent soil boring standard penetration data.

Table 65 - Seismic Design Parameters

Site Location

40.02578o N -75.15581o W

Ss 0.274 g S1 0.060 g

Site Class D Fa 1.581 Fv 2.400

SMS 0.433 g SM1 0.145 g SDS 0.289 g SD1 0.096 g

Occupancy Category III Seismic Importance Factor 1.25 Seismic Design Category B

*Based on 2% Exceedance in 50 years

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 12.0 Civil

12.1 Introduction

Plans and specifications will be developed for the preparation of the site and the arrangement and layout of the equipment, including modifications to existing facilities and structures that will remain as a necessary part of the Project and impact of excavation on existing facilities and structures which are to remain. This work shall include, but not be limited to:

1. The Consultant shall perform all activities necessary to obtain all applicable municipal and agency approvals. The Consultant shall prepare application(s) for land development and zoning approvals. This includes any and all plans, exhibits, studies and reports that are needed for municipal review. The Consultant shall pay all fees for this task. SEPTA shall review and receive copies of all submissions prior to release.

2. Site plans, including grading and layouts for all future specified facilities and their access-ways.

3. Flood plain, drainage and storm water runoff.

4. Excavation, clearing and grubbing, paving and grading.

5. Locating of foundations, equipment pads, duct lines, manholes, underground and overhead utilities.

6. Security, encompassing fencing.

7. Locate on site drawing all existing underground and overhead utilities occupying or affecting the work area and relocate existing utilities where required. Coordinate the design with those utilities, in compliance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Locate appropriate water supply and sewer system for connections if needed.


12.2.1 Survey and Subsurface Utility Investigation

A topographic survey was conducted by Matrix New World in 2015 and utilized existing as-built drawings provided by the owner and additional supplemental information of the subsurface utility investigation provided by American Geotech Inc (AGI). AGI has supplied the locations, dimensions and depths of subsurface obstructions found during their investigation. The surface and subsurface features are displayed on the existing conditions Contract Drawings for information and use by the Contractor. The Contractor is to field verify the existing conditions as it relates to the proposed elements of the project and alert the owner/engineer of any potential conflicts.

12.2.2 Demolition and Phasing A demolition plan has been prepared to identify to the Contractor those site/civil items which are deemed necessary for removal due to the implementation of the proposed project elements. Features beyond those shown on the plan may require removal due to the existing site conditions. A project phasing criteria will be established per the traction power project requirements and facility operational needs. The Contractor will be responsible for preparing a demolition schedule which meets the project phasing requirements.

12.2.3 Paving and Grading Improvement

The paving and grading areas are designed to meet the existing conditions as closely as possible. Existing paved areas disturbed by the proposed project elements will be replaced in kind in the same location and have a 13” minimum pavement section comprising of a 2” bituminous wearing course, 5” bituminous base course, and a 6” subbase course No. 2A modified course. The proposed grading will allow for positive drainage to the existing stormwater inlets located throughout the project area.

12.2.4 Drainage, Stormwater Management, and Erosion & Sediment Control

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 A stormwater analysis will be prepared to gauge the need for the installation of new stormwater inlets and piping or if the capacity of the existing system is sufficient for this project. Any design inlets, manholes, or pipes are to accommodate the 10-year storm.

The drainage system and stormwater management facilities shall accommodate the entire area of WJSFC rehabilitation project. Coordination with SEPTA to obtain information pertaining to future aspects of the expansion not included in this contract.

Matrix will review the need for an NPDES permit to cover this WJSFC rehabilitation project. Coordination with SEPTA to obtain information pertaining to future aspects of the expansion not included in this contract.

All erosion & sediment control measures shall be in accordance with PA DEP requirements.

12.2.5 Fences All new substation fences shall meet or exceed the requirements of National Electric Safety Code (NESC) IEEE-C2, IEEE-80, and IEEE-1119. In general, fences shall be at least 6 feet high made of tight mesh galvanized steel or aluminum chain link with an applicable top structure to discourage climbing. Fences shall be equipped with both top and bottom rails to discourage entry. Fences shall be grounded in accordance with the above listed codes and all gates shall utilize woven mesh straps to insure continuity at all hinged joints.

The two existing gates will remain utilized for vehicular access.

SEPTA fencing requirements shall be followed if more stringent than PECO requirements.

13.0 Survey

13.1 Introduction

All necessary field surveying, site investigation, structural analysis, and soil testing shall be performed prior to construction.

13.1.1 Site Access

Prior to doing any existing condition site work, all personnel who will perform work on the site will require Safety Training.

13.1.2 Topographical Field Property Survey

Conventional topographical surveys will be performed to verify and/or determine the property line and condition as well as the nature, dimensions, elevations, grades and locations of all existing natural and man-made physical features and facilities within the limits of the proposed work or adjacent thereto as may be affected by the proposed work.

13.1.3 Survey Notes

All survey notes shall be kept in standard notebooks and the originals shall be delivered to SEPTA, as its property, at the completion of the design. They shall be accurately and neatly kept, fully indexed, dated with the names and signatures of personnel compiling the data. Survey data collected by electronic devices shall be transferred onto electronic media with a copy submitted to SEPTA by the Consultant.

13.1.4 Analysis of Project Site Analysis of the project site shall include drainage, structural, civil, electrical, utilities, access and other elements of the site. Existing field conditions and problems which could affect the construction of the project facilities will be identified.

13.1.5 Soil Testing

Soil testing will include:

1. Sufficient number of core borings on site at a depth of 30' to 40'.


2. Full soil analysis using a photo ionization detector.

3. Screening for hazardous material.

4. Testing for electrical characteristics necessary to design the substation ground grid.

13.2 Site Survey Two monuments were located on September 8, 2015, along the railroad tracks near Wayne Junction SFC Station. The drawing files are referenced to the site horizontal and vertical datum. Property boundary information has been shown based on the existing site mapping.

On-site mapping of the existing utilities, as shown on the project base map, have been plotted based on a combination of surveyed field observations, review of available referenced mappings, the use of ground penetrating radar (GPR) utility mark-outs. The field mark-outs have been correlated to the referenced mapping to the highest extent possible.

The existing SFC and Control Building structure is about 12,400 square feet and includes six transformers, each on individual concrete pads and isolated by fire walls on a gravel surfaced open space. The fenced SFC station consists of impervious pavement and gravel surface without any vegetation.

The existing project area is surrounded by a 12" and 15" diameter stormwater reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) conveying surface stormwater and roof stormwater runoffs via inlets and roof leaders. The roof leader downspouts run inside of the building and connect perpendicular to the existing RCP on the west and east sides of the site. Open grate roof leader clean-outs were observed on the access pavement surface between the SFC and Control Buildings and existing stormwater RCP alignments. The site topography survey, stormwater inlets, and manhole elevation measurements indicate that the overall site stormwater flows east towards North 18th Avenue.

The proposed building expansion from the north side of the existing SFC #3 building may include additional transformers isolated by wing walls. The north side of SFC #3 consists of compacted gravel that has been utilized as a loading and storage area for metal containers. By replacing some of the existing gravel surface with the newly proposed building expansion, the stormwater surface runoff volume per unit area of the compacted existing gravel will slightly increase as compared with existing conditions.

The Pennsylvania One Call System shall be used to confirm interfaces and obstructions of all utilities.

14.0 Environmental

14.1 Introduction

An environmental overview report has been prepared to identify environmental resources and potential impacts and/or hazards. This report meets requirements of all applicable environmental regulations. Samples have been taken from all core borings and several other locations on the site to be used for analytical testing to determine whether the material meets all the requirements of clean fill, and to determine if there are hazardous materials present.


14.2.1 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) A Phase I ESA assessment shall be performed to identify recognized environmental conditions (RECs) and environmental concerns that may affect the suitability of the Site for the proposed development. Recognized environmental conditions are defined in ASTM International (ASTM) Standard Practice E 1527-13 as the presence or likely presence, use, or release on the Site of hazardous substances or petroleum products. In addition, other environmental issues and conditions that, in the opinion of the environmental professional conducting the assessment, would not be considered recognized environmental conditions are identified in this assessment. These may include historical recognized environmental conditions and/or de minimis conditions. The Phase I ESA also includes a preliminary evaluation of specific potential environmental issues or conditions that are, according to ASTM E 1527-13 considered non-scope considerations. These issues include potential vapor encroachment conditions (VECs) as per ASTM

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 E2600-10, radon, asbestos-containing material (ACM), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-containing light ballasts and caulking materials, lead-containing paint (LCP), chemical storage, wetlands, regulatory compliance issues, dry cleaner and other industrial emissions, biological agents, electromagnetic fields, and methane. The Phase I ESA shall include a review of federal, state, and local records, previous reports (if available) and historical documents; visual observation of the Site and adjoining properties; and interviews with selected Site representatives.

The assessment shall identify conditions that may have the potential to impact the decommissioning of the Site. The assessment will be conducted for purposes of environmental due diligence in order to qualify for the innocent landowner, a bona fide prospective purchaser or a contiguous property owner defense under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). The Phase I ESA includes, but is not limited to, an assessment of the following potential environmental issues: current and historical Site usage; current and historical usage of adjoining properties; regulatory agency records review; on-site solid waste management and disposal practices; on-site hazardous materials and petroleum products management; chemical storage, ACM, PCBs and LCP management; wetlands; regulatory compliance issues; dry cleaner and other industrial emissions; radon; biological agents; electromagnetic fields; and potential for methane generating materials. The Phase I ESA shall be performed in conformance with the scope and limitations of ASTM Practice E 1527-13.

14.2.2 Environmental Testing - Phase II Drilling and collecting environmental soil and water samples shall be taken from the geotechnical borings, test pits, and geoprobe borings. The boring cutting waste will be drummed, left onsite, and managed by SEPTA at their direction. Upon completion of the borings, collection of samples and receipt of lab results, The Consultant shall prepare the environmental testing final report, including conclusions, recommendations, and a soil management plan, if required.

14.2.3 Asbestos Testing A pre-renovation hazardous materials survey shall be performed for asbestos-containing materials (ACM), lead-containing paint (LCP), and universal waste at the WJSFC. The purpose of the survey is to identify, locate, sample, and assess the condition of accessible building materials that were suspected of containing asbestos-containing materials, lead-containing paint, and universal waste that may impact the proposed facility renovation.

14.2.4 Lead Testing Results Samples of suspect lead-containing materials shall be collected and submitted to an EMSL Analytical for lab analysis. Any work that affects lead-containing materials should be performed in strict accordance with SEPTA specifications, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Lead in Construction Standard 29 CFR 1926.62, federal, state, and local laws.

A limited visual universal and regulated waste survey shall be performed to determine what equipment or devices present at the Site may contain mercury, oils, PCBs and/or other waste products requiring proper handling and disposal in the event that construction should come in contact herewith.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 15.0 Regulatory Compliance and Permits

15.1 Wetlands

Based on a field review of the USFWS NWI mapping, information available on PADEP's eMapPA GIS database and a site visit conducted on August 20, 2015, there are no wetlands or waterbodies within the project limits.

15.2 100-year Floodplains

Based upon information available on PADEP's eMapPA GIS database and a review of the FEMA Preliminary FIRM map for the City of Philadelphia (Panel #4207570095G dated February 20, 2014), no portion of the project site is located in a 100-year floodplain.

15.3 Threatened and Endangered Species Habitat Based on information obtained from the Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program's on-line PNDI Environmental Review Tool, no impacts are anticipated to threatened and endangered species and/or special concern species and resources under the jurisdiction of the PA Game Commission, PA Fish and Boat Commission, the PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources or the USFWS.

15.4 Permitting Requirements

15.4.1 PADEP Erosion & Sediment Control Permit A PADEP Erosion and Sediment Control Permit will be required if the proposed construction will disturb 5,000 square feet or more of soil. It is anticipated that this permit will be required.

15.4.2 City of Philadelphia Water Department Storm Water Approval

City of Philadelphia Water Department review of stormwater management plans will be required if soil disturbance is 5,000 square feet or more. However, within the watershed where the project is located, the Department's post-construction stormwater management requirements only apply to projects that disturb 15,000 square feet or more of soil. Based on the scope of the project, it is anticipated that the 5,000 square feet threshold will be exceeded, but the 15,000 square feet threshold will not be exceeded. Therefore, an application for a development exemption will be required.

15.4.3 PADEP General NPDES Permit for Stormwater Discharges from Construction Activities

PADEP General Permit PAG-02 for stormwater discharges from construction activities will be required if soil disturbance of one acre or more is required. It is unlikely that this permit will be required.

15.4.4 City of Philadelphia Zoning Permit

A Zoning Permit is required for any new construction or building an extension to an existing structure. No variances are anticipated at this time.

15.4.5 Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission Review

As part of the application to PADEP for an Erosion and Sediment Control Permit, it will be necessary to submit Cultural Resource Notice Form 0120-PM-PY0003 to the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission for confirmation that no impacts to known historic or archaeological resources will occur as a result of the project.

15.5 Buy America

SEPTA has stated that this project will NOT be subject to "Buy America" requirements.

16.0 Site Construction Phasing

16.1 General Construction Sequence

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 The main priority in developing a construction sequence will be to keep at least two SFCs in operation at all times with a third in stand-by. Each new SFC will be fully commissioned individually.

The second priority is to avoid construction traffic exposure to any unit while in operation. Presently, the SFC rooms function strictly to contain power block equipment and associated buswork. Walking through a room while the SFC is functioning, is kept to a minimum. However, during construction, it is strongly discouraged to keep SFC room doors open or allow construction materials to be transported through the room while the SFC is operating. In order to avoid exposure to construction traffic, a wall and doors will be constructed in front of the SFC power block equipment in order to isolate the sensitive equipment from dust and debris, as well as personnel.

With these two main concepts in mind, the following general sequence will be followed:

1. Prepare the site on the north side of the existing SFC filter yards and building.

2. Construct the new SFC #4 building, including 60 Hz and 25 Hz power feeder duct banks, open-air bus work and associated equipment, 25 Hz output circuit breaker, and make connections to the existing Wayne Junction 25 Hz traction power substation. The new SFC #4 converter room will have a wall with doors between the SFC power electronics and the power distribution/control equipment.

3. Establish a new station computer in the existing Control Room. Depending on SFC vendor options, the existing computer equipment will need to be removed one unit at a time or it can be left in place until the final new SFC is commissioned.

4. Install the new SFC #4 equipment, 25 Hz transformer, 60 Hz transformer/reactors, 25 Hz circuit breaker, and route all new power feeders in new and/or existing duct banks. Commission the new SFC unit.

5. Demolish the SFC #3 cycloconverter cubicles and buswork, remove 25 Hz and 60 Hz SFC transformers, and modify existing 25 Hz and 60 Hz duct banks and filter yards, as required.

6. Install a new wall and doors in the SFC #3 building. Install the new SFC #3 equipment, 25 Hz transformer, 60 Hz transformer/reactors, 25 Hz circuit breaker, and route all new power feeders in new and/or existing duct banks. Commission the new SFC unit.

7. Demolish the SFC #1 cycloconverter cubicles and buswork, remove 25 Hz and 60 Hz SFC transformers, and modify existing 25 Hz and 60 Hz duct banks and filter yards, as required. Note that the reason that SFC #1 is selected to be demolished after the construction of SFC #3 is so that all debris to be carried from SFC #2 demolition will only occur after constructing a wall in front of SFC #1 power electronics equipment.


9. Demolish the SFC #2 cycloconverter cubicles and buswork, remove 25 Hz and 60 Hz SFC transformers, and modify existing 25 Hz and 60 Hz duct banks and filter yards, as required.


11. After all new SFCs are commissioned, the existing computer system can be removed. The final Control Room will either have a complete new computer system or a HMI interface that coordinates control of all new SFCs.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 16.2 Construction of New SFC building The construction of the new proposed building for SFC #4 will be performed prior to any other building-related work at Wayne Junction. As part of the construction sequence, installing and commissioning the SFC #4 building will be performed prior to decommissioning any other SFCs in order to keep at least two SFCs available for operation at all times.

The new SFC #4 building construction requires building the entire structure using conventional steel construction with columns, girder and beams. A brick veneer with an 8" CMU backup is utilized for the building enclosure.

The SFC #4 building is located closest to the existing parking lot on the north side of the existing SFC #3 building. Its construction should not affect the continued operations of SFCs #1, #2, and #3. However, connections to electrical utilities will come from the existing Control Building and be routed under SFC #3, through existing conduits, trays, and openings in the SFC #3 basement walls. When working in the SFC #3 basement, SFC #3 would need to be de-energized and tagged out.

There are no overhead lines that would impair the construction of the new building. Review of existing drawings and results of site investigations show that there are no major utilities running under the proposed new building construction area other than part of a stormwater line. Since the new building will be constructed on piles, relocation of this line is not anticipated.

16.3 Construction of Duct Banks SFC #4 will require new duct banks. A new duct bank will be constructed from the 230 kV Control Building to newly installed open-air bus, then from the opposite end of this bus to the SFC #4 transformer/reactor. Another new duct bank will be constructed between the 25 Hz output transformer and 25 Hz SFC circuit breaker. The third new duct bank will be constructed between the 25 Hz SFC circuit breaker and existing 25 Hz traction power substation.

All foundations in the 60 Hz Filter Yard are to remain. Therefore, new duct banks will not be required between the 230 kV Control Building and the existing SFCs #1, #2, and #3. Existing duct banks will be used.

For the remaining SFC units, the preferred method of construction in the 25 Hz filter yard area will be to keep the existing duct banks and route new cables between the 25 Hz output transformers and the 25 Hz SFC output circuit breakers. Reuse the existing duct banks and cables between the 25 Hz output circuit breakers and the 25 Hz traction power substation. Remove the existing SF6 circuit breakers, instrument transformers, and switches and install new equipment. Note that the preferred type of circuit breaker requested by SEPTA includes current transformers.

Any duct bank that contains 60 Hz auxiliary power and control cable is planned to remain.

16.4 Construction of Oil Containment Pits

If 60 Hz SFC transformers are required by the selected SFC vendor, a new oil containment pit will be constructed for SFC #4. The existing oil containment systems for SFCs #1 and #3 may need to be upgraded or replaced. SFC #2 presently has no oil containment pit; a new one will be constructed. The construction and modification of the oil containment pits will follow all applicable standards in accordance with IEEE 980, Guide for Containment and Control of Oil Spills in Substations.

16.5 Repair of Existing Foundations and Building The repairs of existing foundations and SFC building components will be performed right after each SFC unit has been demolished, with repairs occurring prior to beginning any installation of electrical or mechanical equipment in that particular SFC building. Repairs in the Control Room building should be scheduled during the construction of the SFC #4 building.

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 16.6 Installation of New SFCs The SFC power blocks must fit through existing doorways and within the existing and new SFC rooms. Installation of each new SFC must occur independently of others that remain in operation. The width of building doors to the SFC Rooms can be increased up to 6 inches to allow for equipment to be moved through the doorways

The existing SFC Rooms #1, #2, and #3 have access to their respective basements via hatches located in the converter room floors. There are two hatches per room. SEPTA requires access to the basements, but only through one hatch as long as the entire basement can be accessed by one hatch. It is assumed that access to the basements will not be required while an SFC is in operation, only when the SFC is de-energized. The basements can be used for routing cables - no functional equipment is anticipated to be located in the basements. It is preferred that the hatch closest to each SFC Room door remains accessible. If required, the SFCC may permanently close the hatch furthest from each SFC Room door, which is permitted, but not desired.

The SFCC must be able to fit their equipment inside of the defined areas on the supplied drawings. If equipment is needed to be placed above each other, such as on a decked mezzanine, the SFCC shall provide details on the requested design in their proposal. A mezzanine would require stairs and possibly a lift. The SFCC would be required to design and supply all material associated with this mezzanine. Access via the roof is not permitted, as it would require removal of steel decking, bar joists, and would interfere with other ventilation and cooling equipment.

16.7 Testing and Commissioning of New SFCs SFC equipment routine tests are to be performed in the vendors' factories as well as field tests to be completed at the site. Time must be allocated by SEPTA to witness factory testing, and the construction schedule must allow time for testing and fully commissioning SFC units on an individual basis. Each SFC unit must be completely commissioned prior to beginning construction on the next unit.

16.8 Operation in Parallel with Existing Converters

For active power load sharing, the SFCs will follow a synchronous machine model. The existing cycloconverter uses a similar model and, therefore, load sharing can be done by use of the same parameters. For reactive power, the SFCs use a reactive power versus voltage curve that can be adapted to the parameters of the cycloconverter. Load sharing between existing and new units during construction may not be optimal, but it must be functional and allow the station to meet the varied load demand that occurs on a second-by-second interval.

It is not expected that the existing load sharing computer will need to be integrated with the new SFC control system. As existing units are removed from service, they will simply be set to "off" in the existing load sharing computer system.

16.9 Rigging and Transportation Constraints It is anticipated that the dimensions of new equipment will be similar to the existing equipment and that no special rigging and transportation constraints are anticipated. Proper rigging and transportation instructions must be provided by the equipment vendors.

It is preferred not to modify the existing access roads on the east and west sides of the SFC building. This will allow for access to the 25 Hz and 60 Hz transformer areas without reaching over equipment.

For transporting equipment into the existing SFC rooms, access is anticipated through the existing doorways, and no new access ways will be created. If SFC power electronic equipment is transported in prefabricated assemblies, these will need to be disassembled if transportation into the SFC rooms is not possible through existing doorways. Modifying the existing building is not within the scope of this project,

Wayne Junction SFC Rehabilitation Eval-4017500-E-002, Rev. D Design Criteria 90% Design Submittal STV Inc., Project No. 4017500 of 87 e.g., cutting holes in the building in the transformer bays to allow SFC equipment to pass into the building on prefabricated assemblies.

16.10 Protection of Equipment During Excavation, Demolition, and Construction

Adequate temporary protection will be required during excavation, selective demolition, and construction in order to prevent failure of any existing or new equipment. Construction phasing drawings will identify boundaries of construction and will take into account permitting requirements should SFCs be required to be de-energized and tagged out.

Additionally, SFC equipment will require either a temporary or permanent form of protection from dust during demolition and construction. This project will install walls separating the main SFC rooms from their adjacent power distribution/control areas. These walls will create corridors, allowing protection from dust and equipment damage during the construction and demolition phases. It will also provide a passageway for personnel during normal equipment operation.

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