sentences & maps & readings sergio pizziconi. plan of the day plan - review - a survey on...
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Plan of the day
Plan
- Review- A survey on made-in-Italy abroad- Structured lexicon (clarification) - Keys- Relative clauses- Your Projects
- Review- A survey on made-in-Italy abroad- Structured lexicon (clarification) - Keys- Relative clauses- Your Projects
EXTRA-CLASS work: Read Chp 2 cases 1 (AMWAY) and 5 (BIC) [MARK relative clauses]
Keep on working on your CVs and cover letter [try to make the sample letter in the text-book YOUR OWN letter]
Keep working on your project.
Baffa & Pennino
Review: Phonology 1/1Vowels: exercises from /i/ to /a/ and from /u/ to /ɒ/ (lowering your jaw) from /i/ to /u/ mind driven; puff of air (see IPA chart). // Where accent falls is relevant: 1) OBject (n.) – obJECT (v.), 2) if lost, stress the first syllable, you’re likely to sound right. // Stress movement shortens/weakens previously stressed vowels (also in writing): proNOUNce pronunCIAtion // This Miss /s/ unvoiced These Ms. /z/ voiced// “gh” mute (though, thought) OR /f/ (rough, tough)
Review: Morphology 1/1ADJ+lyADV; N+lyADJ // V+er N(s.o./s.t. does V) // To+N(and most words)V (googleto google; wowto wow) // V + ance/ence N (differ+ence, perfom+ance) // Help+less antonym help+ful //Adj+ en V (to make s.o./s.t Adj) //Adj(max2syll.) + er Adj (comparative: more Adj)Adj(max2syll.) + est Adj (superlative: most Adj)BUT: good – better – best; bad – worse – worst //Singular: Thesis, Analysis, Hypothesis, Axis /s/ unvoicedPlural: Theses, Analyses, Hypotheses Axes /z/ voiced //Datum (sing.) Data (pl.)Criterion, phenomenon (sing.) Criteria, phenomena (pl.)
Review: Syntax 1/3Verbs: transitive Vs. intransitive (Direct object, Indirect object, Oblique object)// passive Vs. active (mentioned)//AUXILIARY verb for the perfect tenses (actually, aspect) ALWAYS to have (e.g., Things have changed)BUT: passive voice (e.g., Rules were changed by the CEO) or few constructions (e.g., are you finished?) //Phrasal verbs. Verb+ ADV or Prep. To bring about = to cause, to engender (causare, determinare) //
Typical declarative sentence structure: Subj + Verb +…..Typical negative: Subject + do/does/did + not+ V(base form)Typical question: Do/Does/Did + Subject + V(base form)
N.B. When some sort of auxiliary is already in the sentence USE IT instead of adding to doEmphatic statement Subj +do/does/did +V(base form) //What brings about unemployement? (what = SUBJECT)What does unemployment bring about? (what = ????)
WRONG: I’m interesting in fashion RIGHT: ????
Review: Syntax 2/3Skoda is…, Italy/France/Japan is… [WITHOUT article] BUT The United States of America, The United Kingdom, The Netherlands //Once upon a time there was a small village in the country. The village was… [see vignette below]In light of (mainly US) In the light of (mainly UK) [see FOEs for possessive case and article]//
TRANSITIVE: to raise (raised – raised); to lay (laid – laid)INTRANSITIVE: to rise (rose – risen); to lie (lay – lain) (lying)N.B.: to lie (to say something untrue) (lied – lied) (lying)
Review: Syntax 3/3Syntax: Modal verbs: can, may, will, shall, must, could,
might, would, should + BARE INFINITIVE (without to)Interrogative: MODAL + Subj + BARE INFINITIVE (must I go?)Negative: Subj + MODAL + not + BARE INFINITE (I mustn’t
go, I cannot go OR I can’t go, I won’t go)They do not take to before or after:
WRONG To may, to must, to could… WRONGWRONG I can to go, you may to talk… WRONG
They do not take –s for 3° person singularWRONG he cans do, she mays do… WRONGThey have no tense it’s a matter of distance from reality:Next year, I am/will be/can be/ may be/could be/might be in the UK
I want TO focus/analyzeI would like TO focus/analyze
Review: Pragmatics 1/1Pragmatics: Do not pick on students or class fellows. //“See you
later.”// Language varies across jobs. //Think it over before saying “No, this is wrong” Recommended: “Very interesting point/question. Let me point out though that…” or some sort of hedging (softening expression).// FORMAL: Dr. Pizziconi, your course is interesting [NOT: his/her]. INFORMAL: Sergio, your course is interesting. {“On a first name basis” “May I call you Sergio?”}.// How is it going? How (are) you doing? What’s up? Wassup? Sup? It’s always Good.// Expectation of truthful statement. // Lag time between turns: When asking for questions, wait for a longer time.// Greetings (see next slide)//
Review: Pragmatics (Appendix)Pragmatics:
Informal Formal
Greetings Sup?Wassup?What’s up?How you doing?How is it going?
How are you doing?
Good morning/afternoon/evening
Intro “ (very) nice/glad/pleased to meet you!How do you do?
Parting after first meeting
(very) nice/glad/pleased meeting you!
Review: Tools 1/1Tools: www.thefreedictionary.com Also, the financial and legal
dictionaries within and the Idioms section. // Check for the frequency of sentences googling them in quotes “……..” // Semantics of prototypes //
Google advanced search: with pdf and site: .edu (US universities) or .ac.edu (UK universities)
SUNECO’s library’s link to “online sources” (Open access journals)
FOEs 1/4- Information (uncountable: much information NOT many
informations , NOT an information)- Economy Vs Economics
- Security (against criminal actions) Vs Safety (against dangerous actions)
- Across (time, space whether real or abstract) Vs Through (space; means/tool)
- Frequent (a bar, a restaurant) Vs attend (a course/program/school)
- I study English Vs I study the English language- Aim/Attempt at (+ N; V-ing) OR to (+ V-base form)
- A + consonant sound! OR pronounced h : a house, a university
An + vowel sound! OR mute h: an unpredictable even, an hour.
FOEs 2/4- I’m graduated FROM Aversa high school I graduated FROM/AT Aversa high school- Such as (listing examples) as (in the function of)- Comparison and manner: As (+entire clause) like
(+noun)- Wal-Mart is one of the largest employers in the US. In
fact it’s the largest (A dire il vero)- Industry usually means productive sector. Plant,
factory (are the words for the place where things are manufactured)
- When a word is not used because of its meaning but as a word to be dealt with, mark it somehow: The verb can expresses…; The verb “can” expresses…; The verb can expresses
FOEs 3/4• What’s wrong in the sentence below?
– Is more correct to use “may” to mean permission.• You need a subject!
• Io sono d’accordo I agree with+N/ to +Vbase form (clause)…. [NOT: I am agree]
• A Facebook page is/isn’t useful to keep in touch [NOT for to keep in touch]
• Possessive case:
The doctor’s house Vs X Dr. Smith’s house
The consumer’s choice Vs The consumers’ choice
BUT The child’s toy Vs The children’s toy
BUT X Giordano’s book Vs The Giordano book
FOEs 4/4 (charts)• Fall – fell – fallen• WRONG: his trend is regular RIGHT: ????• ITA: media ENG: mean (on average)• Price varies according to volume• WRONG: It is steadily for the first part• RIGHT: It is steady. It levels steadily. It is steadily high.• WRONG: After there is a slowly fall RIGHT: ????• WRONG: Before it varies RIGHT: ????• PREPOSITIONS
April May June
IN JuneON May 23rd
DURING the month
AT the end of June
Survey on made-in-Italy abroad
• A study by Walter Giordano, Laura Di Ferrante and I (OR myself)
• 5 Italian products marketed abroad.
• Stage 1: survey on the qualities of made-in-Italy products
• https://it.surveymonkey.com/s/LSWABC14
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)Joining AIM
has several advantages for a growing company such as asos.com
SUBJ
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)The manufacturer could also choose to merge with one of its suppliers, such as a timber merchant
The manufacturer could also choose
to merge with one of its suppliers, such as a timber merchant
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)
D.O.
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)Moreover, it has grown rapidly without incurring the problems that this can cause for some businesses
Moreover, it has grown rapidly
without incurring the problems
that this can cause for some businesses
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)
On WHAT CONDITION
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)The first step in any online business is to ensure that the website offers something of real value to consumers
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)
ATT.
The first step in any online business is
to ensure
that the website offers something of real value to consumers
D.O.
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)When a company is very small, a manager tends to take on most managerial functions
When a company is very small,
a manager tends to take on most managerial functions
Keys: Sentences (ASOS)WHEN
General structure of the sentence
S V(D.O.)
(I.O.)Why?
Where? When?
How?
On what condition?
(Att)
Links within the text
About the relation between interlocutors
Circumstances Textual markers
Refreshing• What sentence constituent is the underlined
subordinate clause replacing?
– I think (that) you can do excellent projects– Io penso che …
– Can you replace “that” (“che”) with “which” (“il/la/i/le quale/i”)?
• What’s the difference between the two uses of “honestly” below?– Honestly, I don’t think you can win the game
– I don’t think you can honestly win the game
Refreshing: Relative clausesWe have already sold the books
that
we received XXXX yesterday
We have already sold the books
that
XXXX were delivered yesterday
A Main Clause with a Noun Phrase
A relative pronoun
A clause with a missing element
A Main Clause with a Noun Phrase
A relative pronoun
A clause with a missing element
Refreshing: relative clauses• Omitted relative pronoun:
– From AMWAY: These distributors sell to people they know or meet.
• Whiz (omitted which and auxiliary to be):
– From BIC: Most large companies produce a variety of goods and services XXX XXX designed to meet customers’ needs…
• Fused relative pronoun:
– From BIC: This case study shows how BIC understands product life cycles
Refresh: Relative clauses
• Try to figure out what the pair below has to do with relative clauses:
Restrictive Vs Non-restrictive
The car that is parked in front of the department is mine
My car, which is parked in front of the department, is a FIAT
Sets of personal pronouns and possessivePersonalPr.subjectIyouhesheitweyou (all)they
who
PersonalPr.Non-subject
meyouhimheritusyou (all)them
whom
Reflexive
myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves
PossessiveAdjectives
myyourhisheritsouryourtheir
PossessivePronouns
mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs
PossessiveMyYourHisHerItsOurYourTheir
Luke’s
mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs
Tony’s
car is affordable is expensive
MUSTs & MUST-NOTs MINIMUM MUSTs
• MUST rephrase
• MUST cite sources
• MUST circumscribe your scope
MUSTs for “GOOD/HARD WORK” assessment
• MUST carry out YOUR OWN analysis
MINIMUM MUST-NOTs
• MUST NOT copy and paste
• MUST NOT hide sources
• MUST NOT write your paper in the slides
MUST-NOTs for “GOOD/HARD WORK” assessment
• MUST NOT just repeat what other scholars wrote
In-class activity
TV Intro - Cheers (USA, 1982-1993)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h1irjgfMC3ASonic premium beef hot dogs accentshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWOzuvdZ6J8
Explain the connection between Sonic’s campaign and BIC product life cycle strategy
3 lines: explain the connection between Cheers’ intro and AMWAY general strategy