Unit 2Sentences:

Lessons 11-16

Simple SentencesA simple sentence has one independent

clause. It expresses a complete thought, using a subject and a predicate.EXAMPLE: The hungry children bought a pie at the

farmers’ market.

Simple sentences are often brief, but they can be used effectively in writing.

Subject Predicate

{Activity} Create effective simple sentences using the following nouns and verbs. The noun is the basis of the subject of the sentence. The verb is the basis of the predicate.

1. Apples tumble2. Children holler3. Movies create4. Artists paint5. Horses gallop

Identifying Types of SentencesSentences can be identified by type.

A declarative sentence makes a statement. It is followed by a period. EXAMPLE: Lucy is our first dog.

An interrogative sentence asks a question. It is followed by a question mark.

EXAMPLE: Do you plan on finishing your work?An imperative sentence expresses a command or a

request. It is followed by a period. EXAMPLE: Bring it to me.

An exclamatory sentence expresses strong emotion. It can also express a command or request that is made with great excitement. It is followed by an exclamation mark. EXAMPLE: How dare you accuse me of stealing!

{Activity} Write D for declarative, IN for interrogative, IM for imperative, or E for exclamatory before each sentence. Put the punctuation at the end of each sentence.

1. I plan to leave by midnight

2. Let your conscience be your guide

3. How do you plan on getting to the party without a car

4. Arrive with your assignment completed

5. There was nothing he couldn’t do, nothing

Inverted SentencesWhen the subject of a sentence comes before the

verb, the sentence is in natural order.EXAMPLE: Karleen went to the store.

When the verb or part of the verb comes before the subject, the sentence is in inverted order.EXAMPLES: Here are the keys. Down came the snow.

Many questions are in inverted order.EXAMPLE: Where is the library?

Sometimes the subject of a sentence is not expressed, as in a command or request. The understood subject is you.EXAMPLE: Call about the bus schedule.

{Activity} Write I to identify the sentences that are in inverted order and N to identify those in natural order.

1. I will never forget my first airplane trip. ____2. There are bookcases on all sides of the room. ____3. Down blew the tree. ____

{Activity} Rewrite each sentence in inverted order. Underline the subject and circle the verb.

1. The calculators are here.2. The skunk scurried under the porch.3. I will never forget the great October hurricane.

Subjects and PredicatesEvery sentence has two main parts, a

complete subject and a complete predicate.

The complete subject includes all the words that tell who or what the sentence is about.

EXAMPLES: My brother/likes to go with us. Six geese/honked loudly.

The complete predicate includes all words that state the action or condition of the subject.

EXAMPLES: My brother/likes to go with us. Six geese/honked loudly.

{Activity} Write a sentence by adding a complete predicate to each complete subject.

1. All of the students_______________________2. Elephants______________________________3. The top of the mountain__________________4. Each of the girls_________________________5. Our new sports car_______________________

The simple subject of a sentence is the main word in the complete subject. The simple subject is a noun or a word that stands for a noun.

EXAMPLE: My sister/lost her gloves.

Sometimes the simple subject is also the complete subject.

EXAMPLE: She/lost her gloves.

The simple predicate of a sentence is a verb within the complete predicate. The simple predicate may be a one-word verb or a verb of more than one word.

EXAMPLES: She/ lost her gloves. She / is looking for them.

{Activity} Write a sentence by adding a complete subject to each predicate.

1. ________________came to our program.2. ________________is a valuable mineral.3. ________________wrote the letter of

complaint.4. ________________met us at the airport.5. ________________lives near the shopping

centre.

Compound SubjectsA compound subject is made up of two or

more simple subjects. EXAMPLE: Hiroshi and Gina/are excellent

athletes.

{Activity} Write eight sentences containing compound subjects.

Compound PredicatesA compound predicate is made up of two or

more simple predicates. EXAMPLE: Sally smiled and nodded.{Activity} Write eight sentences containing

compound predicates.