sensation and perception
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Sensation and Perception. Preassement to Sensation and Perception. Question 1. You can see color in your peripheral vision . FALSE. Question 2. Receptor cells allow you interpret what is going on your world. TRUE. Question 3. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Sensation and Perception
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Preassement to Sensation and
Perception
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Question 1
You can see color in your peripheral vision
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FALSE
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Question 2
Receptor cells allow you interpret what is going on your world
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TRUE
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Question 3
Sensation refers to the process of getting information from the world to our brain.
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TRUE
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Question 4
If you stay in a hot tub it will seem as hot as it did when you first got in it. Sensory adaptation refers to the decline in sensitivity to a constant stimuli.
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FALSE
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Question 5
Our interpretations of the world are due to our personal sensations.
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FALSE
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Question 6
The colored part of the eye, which is actually a ring of muscles that controls the size of the pupil, is called the iris
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TRUE
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Question 7
The eardrum is interprets sound waves for the brain so that we can hear.
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FALSE
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Question 8
People judge people based on what groups they belong
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TRUE
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Question 9
On a clear, dark night we can see a candle flame 30 miles away.
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TRUE
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Question 10
Advertisers are able to shape our buying habits through subliminal messages
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FALSE
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Question 11
If we stare at a green square for a while and then look at a white sheet of paper, we can see red
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TRUE
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Question 12
If we close our eyes and hold our nose, we cannot taste the difference between an apple and a raw potato.
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TRUE
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Question 13
If required to look through a pair of glasses that turns the world upside down, we soon adapt and coordinate our movements without difficulty.
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TRUE
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Question 14
If people are told that an infant is “David”, they are likely to see “him” as bigger and stronger that if the same infant is called “Diana.”
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TRUE
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Question 15
Laboratory evidence clearly indicates that some people do have ESP
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FALSE
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Our Essential Questions! How do sensations and perceptions differ? How do the senses transform information
into brain messages? What is the nature of attention?
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Grab a scrap sheet of paper
Write down your definition of sensationperception
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Let’s brainstorm…
Sensation Perception
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Sensation
The process by which our sensory systems (eyes, ears, and other sensory organs) and nervous system receive stimuli from the environment
A person’s awareness of the world
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Perception
The process of integrating, organizing and interpreting sensations.
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Bottom-Up Processing
Information processing that focuses on the raw material entering through the eyes, ears, and other organs of sensation
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Top-Down Processing
Top-Down Processing: expectations and experiences influence how
we interpret incoming sensory information
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Sensation v Perception
Complete the worksheet
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The Major Senses
7 major senses Vision (most studied) Hearing Touch Smell Taste Vestibular Kinesthetic
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YuYrPB2i-_8
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The Riddle of Separate Sensations
Sense receptors specialized cells
unique to each sense organ that respond to a particular form of sensory stimulation
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Sensory Receptors – An Example
When you bite into a crisp apple, you hear the crunch, you taste the sweetness, you feel the smooth skin, you see the red, and you smell the aroma.
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Receptor Cells
Each of the seven senses is specifically coded to only take in one type of stimulus, whether it be light waves, sound waves, smell, taste, or touch.
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What Does That Mean?
Turn to your neighbor and tell them what sensation means.
What is with those blasted receptor cells as well… explain what they do
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Principles of Sensation
TransductionAbsolute thresholdDifference thresholdSensory adaptation
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TransductionThe process by
which a form of physical energy is converted into a coded neural signal that can be processed by the nervous system.
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What is a Threshold?
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Threshold
An edge or a boundaryWalking into the room – on one side
you are in the room on the other you are outside of the room
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Absolute Threshold
The smallest possible strength of a stimulus that can be detected half the time.
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Absolute Threshold Example (1)
Taste: 1 gram of table salt in 500 liters of water – the minimum needed to taste something
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Absolute Threshold (2)
Vision: A candle flame on a clear night, 30 miles away – the minimum needed to see it. Doesn’t mean that you can make out what it is
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Just Noticeable Difference Threshold
The minimum difference that a person can detect between two stimuli 50% of the time.
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ExamplesWhen you can detect the difference
in volume of musicWhen you can detect the difference
in pressure on your arm
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Weber’s Law
The greater the magnitude of the stimulus, the larger the difference must be in order to be noticed
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Weber’s Law Example If you are carrying 20 lbs. and add 5
lbs., it’s noticeable. If you are carrying 100 pounds and add 5 pounds, it may not be noticeable. You need to add 10 lbs. to 100 pounds to make it noticeable.
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Weber’s Law Lab
In groups of 3, follow the directions and complete the lab
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Sensory AdaptationWhen exposed to a stimuli over
a period of time there will be a diminished sensitivity to it
If a stimulus is constant and unchanging, eventually a person may fail to respond to it
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Example of Sensory Adaptation A hot tub – after a certain period
of time no longer seems as hot
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The Nature of Attention
Where does attention come into play here?
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Hypothetical Situation
What would happen if we had no filter between sensation and perception?”
Hallway example
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Sensory Overload
Overstimulation of the senses
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Selective hearing
Do you think it exists?
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Selective AttentionFocusing conscious awareness on a
particular stimulus (sense) to the exclusion of others
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Selective Attention ExamplesWalking
down the hallway – all 5 senses are firing. What grabs your attention?
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Let’s write!
How do sensations and perceptions differ? How do the senses transform information
into brain messages? What is attention? How much control do
we have over our attention?
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Time to get creative!
With your partner, create a poster depicting 3 the following: Sensation Perception Attention Absolute sensory thresholds Sensory overload
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lN4m0t4hkBg