BASED ON CHAPTER 2 (PAGES 31-36) AND 3 (PAGES 43-50, 54-69)

TRACY ABRAM, MAIS

Seminar TwoChemistry, Cells, & Tissues

Chemistry of Life

Chemicals are responsible for directing virtually all of our bodily functions. Bodily functions are directed by chemicals.

Understanding the basic chemical reactions that occur in the body is essential.

Understanding the basic concepts of biochemistry is vital.

A question for you!

What is the primary difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

Organic CompoundsOrganic Compounds Inorganic CompoundsInorganic Compounds

LivingContain C-C and C-

H BondsExamples:

CarbohydratesLipids, Proteins,

and Nucleic Acids

NonlivingDoes not contain C-

C and C-H bondsExamples: water,

temperature, soil, and wind

Compounds

Answer !

Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon-carbon bonds or carbon-hydrogen bonds.

[water and some acids, bases, and salts]

Organic compounds contain carbon and include carbon-carbon bonds and/or carbon-hydrogen bonds.

The human body has both types of compounds!

Inorganic compounds

Water Water is a solvent (liquid into which solutes are

dissolved), forming aqueous solutions in the body

Water is involved in chemical reactions Dehydration synthesis (water removed) Hydrolysis ( water added)

Water Qualities

Polar moleculeComposed of hydrogen and oxygenHigh surface tensionHigh heat of vaporizationExpands when it freezesBody composed of mainly waterChemical reactions participation

Cell Parts

Table 3-1 Page 47- Structure and FunctionFigure 3-2 page 46 –Animal cell diagramAnimal Cell Animation Below:http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/plntcell.htm

Organic Chemistry

Major types found in body: Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids

Note: Table 2-3 on page 32 gives examples, and functions of each.

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates LipidsLipids

Source of energy3 types:Monosaccharide: one

simple sugar (glucose, fructose, galactose)

Disaccharide: two simple sugars (sucrose)

Polysaccharide: many simple sugars (starch and glycogen)

Composed of one glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Fats and OilsExample:

Triglyceride and Phospholipid

Organic Compounds

ProteinProtein Nucleic AcidNucleic Acid

Amino AcidsFacilitate chemical

reactionsExamples: enzymes

and hormones

Basic Units: Nucleotides

DNA (contains deoxyribose)

***genetic codeRNA (contains

ribose)*****serves as copy

of genetic code

Organic Compounds Cont.

Seminar Topic: Tissue Types

Bill is a 17 year old high school student that plays soccer for his high school team. During yesterday’s game, he fell while scoring the game winning goal. He is not sure, but he thought he heard a snapping sound in his arm. Discuss the 4 tissue types and how they may be involved in his injury.

Question for You!

What are the four types of tissues?

4 Tissue Types:

EpithelialConnectiveMuscleNervous

Epithelial Tissue

Table 3-6 pg. 60Continuous sheets with no blood vessels.Classified according to shapeCategorized according to arrangement

http://i596.photobucket.com/albums/tt47/brett_t37/epithelialtissue.jpg

Types of Epithelial Tissues

http://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/cells_tissues_membranes/tissues/epithelial.html

Muscle and Nervous

Table 3-8 page 62Skeletal-Attach to bonesCardiac-Heart MuscleSmooth-viscera of digestive, respiratory, and

urinary tracts

Nervous: Nerve cells (Glia)

Connective Tissue

Most abundant tissue in the bodyTable 3-7 page 61Types include: Areolar, Adipose, Dense

fibrous, Bone, Cartilage, Blood, Hematopoietic

Web links: Bone Marrowhttp://www.som.tulane.edu/classware/patholo

gy/Krause/Blood/HP.htmlhttp://instruction.cvhs.okstate.edu/histology/

HistologyReference/hrhemac.htm

Quick Quiz Review for you!!!

1. Carbohydrate A. Adipose

2. Protein B. Glia

3. Water C. Heart muscle

4. Lipid D. Contain C-C and C-H bonds

5. Nucleic Acid E. Sucrose

6. Connective tissue F. Olive oil

7. Cardiac G. Inorganic compound

8. Organic Compounds H. DNA

9. Nervous tissue I. Bodily functions directed by…….

10. Chemicals J. Amino acids

Quick Quiz Answers!!!

1. Carbohydrate E

2. Protein J

3. Water G

4. Lipid F

5. Nucleic Acid H

6. Connective tissue A

7. Cardiac C

8. Organic Compounds D

9. Nervous tissue B

10. Chemicals I

Questions for me???