seminar on world toilet day 2015, majlis...

GOOD PRACTICES IN USING PUBLIC

TOILETS

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PATNERSHIP.

P RE P A RE D BY

DR. INDRAKARAN T. KARTHIGESU (QRAM).

MR. RAJENDRAN KOBALU (KPKT) .

MR. PRAMJIT SINGH SEKHON(GAMUDA).

18T H

. NO VE M BE R 201 5 .

Monday, November 23, 2015

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SEMINAR ON WORLD TOILET DAY 2015, MAJLIS BANDARAYA KUALA TRENGGANU

Presentation Outline


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What Is A Public-Private Partnership?

“Health In Your Hands” Hand-washing Initiative.

Case Studies From “Health In Your Hands”.

PPPs Problematic?

Pros And Cons Of PPPs.

Recommendations And Conclusions.

Quality Restroom Association Malaysia (QRAM)Persatuan Bilik Air Berkualiti Malaysia

QRAM is a Non Governmental Organization (NGO) founded

by the late YB Datuk Robert Lau to address the quality of

Malaysia’s washrooms. By improving the quality of

washrooms, QRAM aims to improve the quality of life of all

Malaysians. QRAM intends to generate a high level of public

awareness of the importance of a quality washroom

environment through education and to provide a forum for

public washrooms providers, contractors, suppliers and users

to share concerns and ideas and communicate best practices.

QRAM encourages service minded persons to serve their

community to improve the quality of life.Monday, November 23, 2015

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Y.B. DATUK ROBERT LAU, DEPUTY MINISTER OF KPKT AND FOUNDER OF QRAM


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Quality Restroom Association Malaysia (QRAM)Persatuan Bilik Air Berkualiti Malaysia


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WORLD TOILET ASSOCIATION (WTA)

The World Toilet Association (WTA), considers toilets to be essential to the proper disposal of waste and water management. With other international organizations, however, the subject of toilets is often eclipsed by broader social issues such as ‘sanitation’ or ‘public health.’ Considered a taboo topic in everyday parlance, toilets are typically alluded to, rather than referred to directly. By emphasizing the central and crucial role toilets play in daily life, proper sanitation, and hygiene, the WTA seeks to propel the topic of toilets to the forefront.


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Code Of Practice On Environmental Health


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The code of practice contains information on the essential design

criteria which should be met to satisfy environmental health

requirements in the design of refuse storage and collection systems,

public toilets, food retail outlets, supermarkets, food catering

outlets, markets, swimming pools and dormitories.

The code of practice emphasizes the objectives to be achieved rather

than the means to achieve these objectives. In this way, qualified

professionals such as architects, professional engineers and

developers, NGOs, politicians, as well as members of the public, can

exercise flexibility and creativity in their building designs.

The COPEH portion on public toilets has been revised and launched

on 19 Nov 2013 to improve user experience and enable public toilets

to be better designed and outfitted with better infrastructure.

Factors That Need To Be Taken Into Account In Making

A Code For Public Toilet Provisions:-


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1. Make at least equal male/female provision and

in some cases additional/double provision for

women compared with men, and full provision for

disabled.

2. Define minimum acceptable queuing times.

3. Calculate levels of provision for different land

uses.

4. Allow for intensity of use at different times and

peaks.

Factors That Need To Be Taken Into Account In Making A Code For Public Toilet Provisions


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5. Define acceptable opening hours in 24 hour city.

6. Require local authorities to survey existing

provision.

7. Include accessibility, sitting, location, signage and

urban design factors.

8. Take into account negatives, crime, and anti-

social factors.

Factors That Need To Be Taken Into Account In Making A Code For Public Toilet Provisions


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9. Establish principles of a Spatial Toilet Hierarchy Plan.

10. Show means of implementation, funding, and

management.

11. Make each Local Authority Councilors to undertake

either 1 or 2 public toilets within their service are as their

due responsibility to ensure the safety and code of good

practices.

The Modern Situation In Public Toilets: Inequality and Inadequacy


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In seeking to revise the Malaysian Standard (MS)

codes, it was found that the standards are

inadequate for both men and women.

The additional facilities for hand washing, baby

changing, etc, did not reflect modern standards of

hygiene.

The situation for women was particularly dire.

Local Authorities are empowered to charge such

fees as they think fit 'other than for urinals'.

The Modern Situation In Public Toilets: Inequality and Inadequacy


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In other words toilets for women were seen as a

'special burden' that was more expensive than male

provision.

Nowadays many toilets have turnstiles, or other

payment systems, for both men and women.

This is inconvenient for all, although ‘equal’ in the

sense that both sexes have to pay. This is because

of financial constraints and a 'defensive' approach

to keeping out those who use the toilets for anti-

social behavior.

What is a Public-Private Partnership?


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“…the combination of a public need with private capability and resources to create a market opportunity through which the public need is met and a profit is made.”

According to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the broadest definition of a PPP includes agreement frameworks, traditional contracting, and joint ventures with shared ownership.

How Does A Public Private Partnership Work?


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Public and private organizations work together to:

-determine a commonly-agreed upon goal for

social benefit.

-produce consumer research.

-design and implement a promotional/educational campaign.

-evaluate the campaign.

Global Hand-Washing Partnership


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The World Bank and the Water and Sanitation Program $$

Bank-Netherlands $$

USAID $$

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Academy for Educational Development (AED)

UNICEF

CDC

Colgate-Palmolive

Proctor & Gamble

Unilever

National soap companies

National governments

NGOs

“Health Is In Your Hands”


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Global initiative for promoting hand-

washing and hygiene through public-private

partnerships around the world.

Functioning for more than 5 years

Current projects in Ghana, Peru, Nepal.

Project in Senegal is planned, but delayed.

Health Is In Your Hands “Objectives”


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To reduce the incidence of diarrheal disease, in particular among children under five, by making hand-washing with soap at critical times universally recognized, promoted, and practiced.

To implement large scale hand-washing interventions and use lessons learned to promote the approach at the global level.

Transparency among and equality of partners.



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washing and hygiene through public-

private partnerships around the world.

Functioning for more than 5 years.


Project in Senegal is planned, but

delayed.

Why Partner To Promote Hand-washing?


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Soap industry gains market expansion

Public agencies benefit from the marketing expertise of the soap industry and thus have stronger capacity to relay health messages to target audiences via marketing campaign strategies

Social responsibility

General Steps Followed by “Health Is In Your Hands”


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Catalyst initiates discussion (this can be an organization in the host country, an organization pursuing new projects, or a private company)

Formation of a steering committee Funds mobilization Conduct hand-washing behavioral study

(formative research) Design communications strategy Testing of communications strategy Execution, monitoring, and evaluation



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washing and hygiene through public-private

partnerships around the world.

Functioning for more than 5 years.


Project in Senegal is planned, but delayed.

Case Study - Peru

Population: 28.7 million

54% below poverty line

IMR 35/1,000

Urban slum population

Remote rural population

Arid coastal region

Andes mountains

Tropical rainforest

Case Study – Peru


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Need:

Diarrheal disease was the 3rd leading cause of childhood disease.

Rationale:

Past efforts to improve water infrastructure have not reduced diarrheal disease

Peruvian government expressed interest in a PPP at World Bank Water Forum.

Case Study – Peru


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Timeline

Government expressed interest: May 2002

Project inception: March 2003.

Formative research results: September 2004.

Bidding for PPP design: July 2005

Formal launch of campaign: July 18, 2005

Evaluation: TBD.

Case Study – Peru


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Drivers

Mothers are judged by their children’s grooming and health

Dirt, feces, and germs are widely understood to cause disease

Obstacles

“Soap and water are limited resources.”

“I’m careful when I defecate.”

“Doing laundry counts.”

Case Study – Peru


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Public Partners:

Peruvian Ministry of Health (lead agency).

USAID (funds for formative research).

JSDF (funds for developing communications).

Private Partners:

Colgate-Palmolive (printed materials/soap).

Boga Communications SA (cable TV).

Radio Programs Peru (local radio).

Case Study - Ghana

Population: 22.9 million.

Skewed towards young.

IMR 53/1,000.

60% subsistence farmers.

Large refugee population from Liberia, Togo, etc.

Case Study – Ghana


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Need: 25 % of deaths are due to diarrheal disease in children under age 5; 9 million cases of dd per year, and rising.

Partnership initiated by Ghanaian government agency-Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA) in 2001.

Rationale:

Reduce infant morbidity and mortality with the end goal of reducing poverty.

Compliments the rural H20 sector strategy:H20, Sanitation, Hygiene



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Lead Agency: CWSA- coordinator

Public sector/World Bank: Ministries of Works & Housing, Women’s & Children’s Affairs, NCWSP II- World Bank- $$$Ministry of Health - local health servicesMinistry of Education: School Health Education Program

Private sector: Unilever, PZ-Cussons, GETRADE, AGI-Provide technical assistance; in-kind.

External Support Agencies: UNICEF: Support to schools component.DANIDA: Support to schools component CIDA & WHO



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Drivers HW after eating. HW after contact with public toilets. Using soap to feel clean/ beautiful. Mothers prioritize their children’s health.

Obstacles: Children’s stools are not thought dangerous. Soap is often kept hidden to prevent misuse. Scented soaps- luxury items;

interfere with the taste of food.



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Initiatives:

Mass Media – aimed at mothers and school aged children.

Direct Consumer Contact- visits to 2 districts in each of the 6 regions- (health care facilities, schools) ….

District Level Program (through schools, health centers and communities).

Public Relations and Advocacy.

PPPs -Problematic?: Kerala


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Characteristics Of Kerala As ComparedTo Rest Of India:

Highest Hygiene Standards.

Lowest Diarrheal Deaths.

Highest Awareness On Prevention Of Diarrheal

Diseases.

Lowest Childhood Mortality.

Highest Female Literacy.

Highest Access To Safe Water.

PPPs -Problematic?: Kerala


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Ethical Implications:

Risk of privatization of traditional government responsibilities.

Destroying indigenous practices.

Polluting environment with new industrial products.

Overall Pros of PPPs


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Financial and in-kind resources are contributed.

Local & international efforts are combined

Locals guide the development with expert aid.

Efforts are focused on a circumscribed problem.

Programs are compatible with the population.

Education is a durable good.

Overall Cons oOf PPPs


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Selection of partners can be tricky.

Conflicts of interest to ensure profit.

Financial leverage affects decision-making.

Shifting of responsibilities from governments.

Sustainability is questionable.

Ethical considerations.

Bureaucracy.

Recommendations


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Can PPPs be applied to capacity building

and infrastructure strengthening?

Ideals/values and grounds for rejecting

partnership should be established before

entering a PPP.

Third-party monitoring.

Rigorous monitoring & evaluation.

Conclusions


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“Health in Your Hands” has exhibited some success and evaluations continue.

Some keys to success include:

Partnership equality/transparency.

Community involvement.

Rigorous formative research.

Comprehensive evaluation.

PPPs are a relatively new concept.

PPPs have pros and cons and will require more research to establish best practices.

Example PPPs


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Health in Your Hands.

Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization.

International AIDS Vaccine Initiative.

Medicines for Malaria Venture.

Global Alliance for TB Drug Development.

Initiative on Public-Private Partnerships for Health (database).

Public-Private Partnerships for the Urban Environment (database).

BEST PUBLIC TOILET AWARDS BY KPKT


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Sambutan Hari Tandas Sedunia Peringkat Kebangsaan dirasmikan oleh Y.B. Menteri Kesejahteraan Bandar Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan bertemakan Tandas Kita; Bersih, Selesa dan Ceria di sini pada hari ini.Tandas Kita: Bersih, Ceria dan Selesa ini bermaksud tandas kita hendaklah sentiasa berkeadaan bersih dalam setiap masa (24 jam/7 hari seminggu/365 hari setahun), dalam suasana tandas berkeadaan ceria tanpa merasa jijik, selesa dan selamat digunakan.


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Sambutan ini membawa maksud:•Program Kempen Tandas Bersih yang telah dijalankan sejak tahun 2001 bagi mencapai lebih banyak tandas-tandas awam berada di tahap kebersihan yang amat memuaskan.•Hasrat kerajaan menjadikan Malaysia sebagai sebuah negara yang cantik, menarik dan bersih dalam segala aspek termasuklah kemudahan tandas awam.•Isu kebersihan tandas ini kelihatan sebagai perkara biasa tetapi ia mempunyai implikasi yang besar ke atas kesihatan, kebersihan persekitaran serta ekonomi negara ini. Monday, November 23, 2015

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BEST PUBLIC TOILET AWARDS BY KPKT Kategori pertandingan telah bertambah kepada 11 kategori

seperti berikut:

1.Sekolah Menegah (Juara peringkat Negeri);

2.Sekolah Rendah (Juara peringkat Negeri);

3.Tandas Awam Kawasan Pelancongan;

4.Tandas Kegunaan Awam Pejabat-Pejabat Kerajaan;

5.Tandas Kegunaan Awam Hentian Awam;

6.Tandas Kegunaan Awam Restoran;

7.Tandas di IPTA / IPTS ;

8.Tandas Awam Pihakt Berkuasa Tempatan (MP/MB);

9.Tandas Awam Pihakt Berkuasa Tempatan (MD)

10. Tandas Kegunaan Awam Pusat Beli Belah;

11. Tandas Awam Rumah Ibadat (Masjid/Tokong/Kuil).Monday, November 23, 2015

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ALL GENDER RESTROOM


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ALL GENDER RESTROOM


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-END-


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THANK YOU

seminar on world toilet day 2015, majlis...

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