seminar on urban housing - ggashrae.org · seminar on urban housing technical design issues...

SEMINAR ON URBAN HOUSING

TECHNICAL DESIGN ISSUES

TECHNICAL DESIGN OPPORTUNITIES

MICHAEL OERTH AIA ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR

C. KEITH BOSWELL FAIA

TECHNICAL DESIGN PARTNER

SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP

SEMINAR ON URBAN HOUSING OCTOBER 7 2015 SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP

1) Define a clear and memorable message/idea – SET EXPECTATIONS 2) Continuity of a dedicated team with ALL participants vested 3) Recognize and respect the “local” climate and environment 4) Establish / understand the basics—we have to walk before we run 5) Get out of the blocks early—a track/sports saying for start fast and get ahead 6) Metrics and analytics--- measure and validate solutions in the design process & in the built work 7) Appropriate use of innovation and innovative technologies 8) Lead

URBAN HOUSING Getting the most out of our Work


HIGH PERFORMANCE DESIGN Design is more than visual appearance. Holistic–or complete - design consists of equal parts visual composition and performance. This integration of composition and performance is achieved through a collaborative, sometimes elusive, and always iterative process. High performance design is the application and careful balance of performance principles and the art of composition. It is the integration of physics and the science of materials. It requires a basic understanding of building and construction sequencing. It is in this intersection of science, art, materials, and construction where design and technology, art, and science become architecture. Beauty is more than skin deep.

Performance Visual

Composition

Complete Design SEMINAR ON URBAN HOUSING OCTOBER 7 2015 SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP

URBAN HOUSING Set Expectations High Performance Design

URBAN HOUSING Climate Geography

Climate – “weather averaged over a long period” Local climate- geography influences Climate, creating regional and micro climates


URBAN HOUSING Climate ASHRAE Climate Zones


Applying climate concepts to generate building concepts



Applying climate concepts to generate building concepts


SEMINAR ON URBAN HOUSING OCTOBER 7 2015 SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP Applying climate concepts to generate building concepts


SEMINAR ON URBAN HOUSING OCTOBER 7 2015 SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP Applying climate concepts

to generate building concepts

1)Solar Control 2)Energy savings 3)Occupant comfort

URBAN HOUSING Residential Typologies Urban locations


HIGH PERFORMANCE DESIGN Design is more than visual appearance. Holistic–or complete - design consists of equal parts visual composition and performance. This integration of composition and performance is achieved through a collaborative, sometimes elusive, and always iterative process. High performance design is the application and careful balance of performance principles and the art of composition. It is the integration of physics and the science of materials. It requires a basic understanding of building and construction sequencing. It is in this intersection of science, art, materials, and construction where design and technology, art, and science become architecture. Beauty is more than skin deep.


URBAN HOUSING Residential Typologies Urban locations

URBAN HOUSING HIGH PERFORMANCE Getting the most out of our Work

SYSTEMS 1) Exterior Building Enclosure System types

1) Curtain wall 2) “Punch or Ribbon” Vision areas with “Opaque” insulated areas

2) Structural considerations 3) Elevators / vertical transportation 4) Integration of Building Services Systems 5) Activity at the street level


URBAN HOUSING HIGH PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS Exterior Building Enclosure Design

1) Performance design considerations A. Air Infiltration B. Water management C. Thermal D. Condensation E. Daylight F. Durability G. Long term performance H. Structural I. Several others

2) Dynamic (?) and/or Integrated enclosures 3) Continuity at system transitions 4) What are the seeds of innovation



Air Infiltration A KEY for Energy efficiency Air carries water Air carries heat/cold Depending on thermal gradient Controlling airflow aids controlling other elements and forces



Water Management



Thermal Control Things don’t get cold— They get less hot



Thermal Control


• Due to building complexity, we are not doing a lot better compared to ancient time.

• R2 vs R2/R3

• Glass curtain wall are made of different functional layers with different conductance

components.

• Support (transfer physical force) + Control (rain, air, heat, vapor) + Finish (visual looking)

R2

R2/R3

R5

R3

R1

Enclosure Thermal Transfer


Thermal Control Means design differently depending on climate



Thermal Control


Enclosure Thermal Transfer

• Guinness World Records ! The

tallest radiator ever made.

• Structure penetrations with no

insulation creates a heat

exchanger.

• Yellow is not good.


Thermal Control


URBAN HOUSING Exterior Building Enclosure Design UPGRADING OUR MINDSET

How we see buildings

What’s happening behind



Condensation


10’-4” CLEAR (with exposed ceiling)

11’-0” CLEAR (with exposed ceiling)

Daylight




Daylight / Heat Gain / VLT



Dynamic or integrated enclosures



Dynamic or integrated enclosures- Test them in real world conditions



Dynamic or integrated enclosures


Tint 1 Tint 2 Tint 3 Tint 4

URBAN HOUSING HIGH PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS Exterior Building Enclosure Design Continuity at System Intersections


URBAN HOUSING HIGH PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS Exterior Building Enclosure Design implement Continuity at System Intersections


HIGH PERFORMANCE Getting the most out of our Work

Exterior Building Enclosure Design 1) Performance considerations

A. Air Infiltration B. Thermal C. Water management D. Condensation E. Daylight F. Durability G. Long term performance H. Structural I. Several others

2) Dynamic (?) and/or Integrated enclosures 3) What are the seeds of innovation?


Innovation – Webster definition •The introduction of something new •A new idea, device, or method •The act or process of introducing new ideas, devices, or methods



Innovation •The introduction of something new •A new idea, device, or method •The act or process of introducing new ideas, devices, or methods

•The clever and appropriate use of a material or system by clever and knowledgeable people- CKB




URBAN HOUSING High Performance Design Structure

TRANSBAY BLOCK 9

Transbay Block 9 San Francisco, California


Owner: Essex, TMG Project Phase: Construction Documentation

SOM Project Team: Craig Hartman Javier Arizmendi Keith Boswell Carrie Byles Michael Oerth Kelly Sloan Daniel Kumnick Richard McNamara Sargam Tandon Anshuman Raje Federica Carrara Enrique Acosta David Shook Aurgho Jyoti

Consultant Team: MEP - Buro Happold Civil - Langan Treadwell & Rollo Landscape - GLS Landscape Architecture Elevatoring - GVK Associate Architect- Fougeron Architecture Structure- Structus/SOM Accoustic/AV/ Telcom/Security- Charles Salter Parking- IPD

Systems: Tower Exterior wall: Custom unitized curtain wall Podium Exterior wall: Rainscreen with punched windows Structure: Steel reinforced core only, Post-tensioned concrete slab

Performance goals: LEED Silver

TRANSBAY BLOCK 9 SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP

TRANSBAY BLOCK 9 URBAN CONTEXT


TRANSBAY BLOCK 9 PROJECT OVERVIEW Residential Project

42 Stories

545 Units, Including 3 Townhouses 436 Market-Rate Units 109 Inclusionary Housing (20% of total)

Open Space

9,910 SQ FT At Level 9 Landscaped Terrace

PARAPET 422’-1” ROOF 402’-2”

TERRACE 83’-0”

Below Grade Parking & Mechanical (6 Levels)

215 Bike Parking at B1 288 Stalls From B1 to B6 ‒ 262 Self Park ‒ 11 Accessible ‒ 3 Car Share ‒ 12 Charging Stations

4,634 SQ FT At Ground Level

Folsom Boulevard Retail

6,750 SQ FT Ground Level Retail

EXTERIOR BUILDING ENCLOSURE TOWER


TOWER TYPICAL WALL MATERIALS

Light Grey High Performance Insulating Laminated Glass

White Fluoropolymer Finish

Mid Grey Fluoropolymer Finish

6” Terracotta Panels

Performance with Visual Composition


TOWER PERFAB CURTAIN WALL MODULE

PREFAB CURTAIN WALL MODULE TYPICAL UNIT SIZE 6’-0” X 9’-3”


TOWER DETAILS

TYPICAL JAMB DETAIL

TYPICAL HEAD/SILL DETAIL

PRIMARY AIR & WATER SECONDARY WATER THERMALLY IMPROVED INSULATION AT SPANDREL


TOWER DETAILS

DESIGN INTENT

DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION


Operable Windows

for Thermal Comfort

TOWER DETAILS


Balcony detail

TOWER DETAILS

Exposed slab will act as a radiator.

However, given San Francisco is a temperate climate, thermal comfort is not significantly compromised


Integrated Air Intake Thru Stack Joint

TOWER DETAILS

SEMINAR ON URBAN HOUSING OCTOBER 7 2015 SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP Typical Vertical Hydronic Heat Pump Closet

TOWER DETAILS

LIVING ROOM BEDROOM


STUDIO

DAYLIGHTING & VIEWS INTERIOR


Exterior Wall Enclosure Considerations

● Prefab curtain wall units are constructed in a controlled environment creating a higher degree of quality control and craft

● A consistent 6’-0” x 9’-3” module allows for economy of scale

● Primary air & water lines and secondary water lines are clearly defined

● Provide a thermally improved system to mitigate thermal bridging & improve energy performance ● Integrated fresh air intakes for thermal control

● Selection of materials for a balanced approach to performance with aesthetics

● Quick erection

● Taking advantage of expansive views & natural daylighting opportunities


VERTICAL CIRCULATION ELEVATORS

CONVENTIONAL DISPATCH DESTINATION DISPATCH


High Zone Levels B6 ‒ 42 Passenger elevators A, B, C, & E Firefighter’s / Service elevator E Firefighter's elevator B

B E

A C

F

D

Low Zone Levels B6 ‒ 20 Passenger D Levels B1 ‒ 1 Bicycle / Service F




1 Elevator D @ 3500 lbs., 500fpm, FLRS. B6 TO 20

1 Elevator E @ 4500 lbs., 1000fpm, FLRS. B6-42

3 Elevators A,B &C @ 3500 lbs., 1000fpm, FLRS. B6-42

UTILIZING DESITINATION DISPACT

FSAE FSAE

A

B

C

E

D


STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATION


53’

33’

DUCTILE REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR

WALL CORE

STEEL REINFORCED CONCRETE LINK

BEAM

120’ 93’

TYPICAL FLOOR LATERAL SYSTEM


CORE WALL WITH STEEL REINFORCED LINK BEAMS CORE WALL WITH TRADITIONAL REINFORCED LINK BEAMS

LATERAL SYSTEM LINK BEAM


400’

33’ 53’

65’

EW SECTION NS SECTION

N

Max aspect ratio = 12:1 7.5 12

BUILDING SECTION CORE WALLS


30’

27’

7” POST-TENSIONED FLAT PLATE SLAB SPAN/DEPTH = 51

6” RC SLAB AND BEAMS

RC PERIMETER COLUMNS

120’ 93’

TYPICAL FLOOR GRAVITY SYSTEM


120’ 93’

TYPICAL FLOOR POST TENSIONING LAYOUT

BANDED PT TENDONS

UNIFORMLY SPACED PT TENDONS


Reinforced concrete core only

Post-tensioned flat slab

STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATION UNIT LAYOUTS

RC gravity columns with spacing optimized to work with unit layouts

27’-0”

Optimized floor plan depth to maximize rentable area

33-4”

30-0

”

33-4”

30-0

”

With the use of a reinforced concrete core only and post-tensioned flat slab structural system you are able to maximize the number of floors within a given height limit


MASSING CONCEPT

2. Family of Podium Elements

Three podium elements are arranged around the tower as family of separate but related elements, each with their own orientation and character

3. Connecting Bridge

An element bridges between the Tower and the Podium, creating an urban living room beneath and passage to Clementina Street

4. Active Ground Plane

Each volume is brought down to the ground level with appropriately-scaled retail storefronts and building entries

1. Tower of Stacked Maisonettes

The Tower is composed of a series of stacked maisonettes which reference the street scale of the podium


STRUCTURAL / SERVICE CORE

CORRIDOR

BATHROOMS AND KITCHENS

LIVABLE SPACES

MO

DU

LE -

B M

OD

ULE

- A

M

OD

ULE

- B

MO

DU

LE -

A

MASSING CONCEPT

MEP DISTRIBUTION

SEMINAR ON URBAN HOUSING OCTOBER 7 2015 SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL LLP NORTH SECTION EAST SECTION

85’-0

0”

40’-0

0”

G.P. 47.21’

MAX PODIUM HEIGHT 132.21’

MAX HEIGHT LIMIT 447.21’

T.O. PARAPET 487.21’

RIGH

T OF

WAY

LINE

RIGH

T OF

WAY

LINE

RIGH

T OF

WAY

LINE

HIGHEST POINT ALONG FOLSOM ST. RIGHT OF WAY

PLUMBING DISTRIBUTION FLR.

9’-7”

9’-7”

TYPICAL FLOOR

400’-

00”

9’-3”

10’-8

” 10

’-1”

PLUMBING DISTIBUTION FLR.

TERRACE



9’-7”

INTEGRATION OF BUILDING SERVICES SYSTEMS SECTION


INTEGRATION OF BUILDING SERVICES SYSTEMS TYPICAL FLOOR TO FLOOR SECTIONS

HO T WAT E R R ETUR N

CONNECTIVITY TO THE URBAN SURROUNDS

FOLSOM ST

CLEMENTINA ST

FIR

ST S

T

TOWNHOUSES

CLEMENTINA ST

FOLSOM ST

FIRST ST

UNDER RAMP PARK

ACTIVITY AT THE STREET LEVEL


URBAN HOUSING Excellence in design is a synergy between multiple disciplines and when rigorously considered you can create unique, inviting and thriving housing, built in the urban environment.

1) Define a clear and memorable message/idea – SET EXPECTATIONS 2) Continuity of a dedicated team with ALL participants vested 3) Recognize and respect the “local” climate and environment 4) Establish / understand the basics—we have to walk before we run 5) Get out of the blocks early—a track/sports saying for start fast and get ahead 6) Metrics and analytics--- measure and validate solutions in the design process & in the built work 7) Appropriate use of innovation and innovative technologies 8) Lead

URBAN HOUSING Getting the most out of our Work


“Treat each and every project as if it the last one you will ever do. The project should achieve the highest

level of craft possible, utilize innovative and appropriate technology and reflect how you want to

be remembered”

seminar on urban housing - ggashrae.org · seminar on urban housing technical design issues...

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