seminar 19p - it infrastructure projects: a framework for decision making (separate registration is...
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8/11/2019 Seminar 19P - IT Infrastructure Projects: A Framework for Decision Making (separate registration is required) (242334732)
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12:30-12:45 Getting started
12:45-13:15 Interactive lecture
13:15-13:30 Project introductions by participants
13:30-14:00 Facilitated table discussions: first task
14:00-14:15 ** BREAK **
14:15-14:45 Group discussion of issues
14:45-15:15 Facilitated table discussion: second task15:15-15:45 Presentation and critique
15:45-16:00 Wrap-up
Seminar Agenda
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Who is Jerry Grochow and why is he
leading this seminar?• 20 years: IT project leader and management
consultant for Fortune 500s, government, and non-
profits
• 7 years: responsible for methodology and “best
practices” for 10,000 person IT consulting firm
• 15 years: CIO/CTO in industry and at MIT
• 3 years: helping schools understand and use cloudservices via Internet2 NET+
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Some underlying ideas for the seminar:
• “If you can’t define it, you can’t measure it.
• “If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it.”
• “If you don’t analyze your measurements, youdon’t know what they mean.”
• “If you don’t organize your analysis, you can’t
convince anyone of what it means!”
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What are our goals today?
• Understand the types of infrastructure and
infrastructure projects and how to assess
current infrastructure
• Learn about a quantitative/qualitative
framework for analyzing the need for
infrastructure upgrades.
• Apply this framework to organize your analysisfor a infrastructure project at your university
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After the seminar and before Oct. 21:
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Enter code
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Introductions
1. Name, school, position
2. What attracted you to this seminar?
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Interactive Lecture -- ASK QUESTIONS AT ANY TIME
1. What is infrastructure?
2. Types of infrastructure projects
3. Analytical framework
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What is infrastructure?
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Roads and utility distribution are
infrastructure for our cities and towns… • But what is infrastructure when we are
talking about “IT”?
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What is IT infrastructure?
• Not “applications”
– “To a circuit designer, a CPU is an
application” • Does it include people?
• Does it include data?
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EDUCAUSE Strategic Technologies for 2014
1. Business intelligence reporting dashboards
2. Mobile apps for enterprise applications
3. Mobile app development
4. Enterprise identity and access management solutions5. Learning analytics: Course level
6. Administrative or business performance analytics
7. Unified communications and collaboration
8. 802.11ac wireless networking standard
9. Virtual desktops or virtual PC applications
10. Learning analytics: Degree advising
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What is IT infrastructure?
• Hardware
• Software
• Networks
• Facilities
• People to build and maintain
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Software infrastructure
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What is an IT infrastructure project?
• Why are infrastructure projects different
than other projects?
• Why is this important?
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Types of infrastructure projects form a
life-cycle…
Initial
implementation
Maintenance
and upgrade• Possibly many
times
Technology
migration• Maybe never
Re-
implementation• New approach/
features
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Deciding on the type of project:
perform a Health Check
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Deciding on the type of project:
developing a Health Check ScoreMaintenance level of effort : effort needed to bring
the infrastructure up to some established level of
performance
Maintenance t ime frame : when significant
maintenance will likely be necessary
Useful l i fet ime : when the infrastructure is likely to
fall below the acceptable threshold for usefulness,
reliability, or technological obsolescence
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Healthcheck
forexistinginfra-
structure
Determinetype ofproject
Determinecapabilities
Assessbenefits
Assessrisks
Analyzecosts
DevelopValueScorecard
Initial implementation
Maintenance
Re-implementation
Technology migration
Usefulness
Reliability
Technological obsolescence
Maintenance level of effort
Planning and implementation
Conversion / overlap
Maintenance costs
Re-implementation costs
[Analysis based on type of project]
The Analytical Framework:
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The Analytical Framework:
• Qualitative to explain
• Quantitative where possible
• Both to show impact and value!
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HealthCheck
Overall health
Effort to repair
Time to criticalfailure
Time toobsolete
Capabilities
Purposes
Type
Specifics
Benefits
To differentconstituent
groups
To research
To teaching andlearning
Toadministration
Risks
Capability risk
Reputation risk
Time risk
Compliance risk
Cost risk
Unintenedconsequences
Costs
Implementation
Conversion /overlapp
Maintenance
Re-implementation
User costs
Value Scorecard
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Project Introductions1. Short (25 word) description
2. Estimated cost
3. Estimated timeframe (start/finish)
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First Table Discussion:1. Type of infrastructure
2. Type of project (new,
maintenance, re-implementation,technology migration)
3. Key capabilities and benefits
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** BREAK **
15 minutes please
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First Table Reports:1. Type of infrastructure
2. Type of project (new,
maintenance, re-implementation,technology migration)
3. Key capabilities and benefits
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Example: Wireless Infrastructure
• What type of infrastructure?
• What type of project?
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Example: Wireless - BENEFITS
• Students: can use laptops anywhere
• Institution: reduce need for computer clusters
• Staff: use laptops in meeting rooms
• Researchers: facilitate group work
• Institution: office wiring reduced, more flexible
layouts
• Institution: reduce the need for wired networks
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Example: Wireless - RISKS
• What if students do not bring their laptops to
campus…
• What if wireless networks do not replace wired
networks…
• What if the wireless components initially
installed are soon outmoded…
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Example: Wireless - UNFORSEEN
• Explosive growth in wireless devices increasing
demand for capacity
• Continually changing wireless standards (802.11
B, A, G, N, AC)
• Computer clusters still required, wired network
still required – double costs!
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Example: Cost of converting to VoIP
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Second Table Discussion:3. Who will benefit?
4. Key risks
5. Costs
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Second Table Reports:3. Who will benefit?
4. Key risks
5. Costs
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Analysis and comparison matrix
Framework Criteria Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Status Quo
General Primary purpose of the infrastructure
Type of infrastructure
Specific capabilities
Value/Benefits
Primary beneficiaries; how they benefit
Ancillary beneficiaries; how they benefit
Reduction of complexity or dependencies
Impact on research
Impact on teaching and learning
Impact on administration
Risk Analysis
Benefits not achieved Reputation risk
Compliance (legal) risk
Schedule slippage (time risk)
Cost overruns
Unintended consequences
Increased complexity or dependencies
Cost Analysis
One-time costs of planning and implementation: external, includingexternal personnel (range of cost)
One-time costs of planning and implementation: internal, includinginternal personnel, amortization, unbudgeted costs (range of cost)
Cost of conversion/overlap: external (range of cost)
Cost of conversion/overlap: internal (range of cost)
Annual (ongoing) costs: external, including external personnel (rangeof cost)
Annual (ongoing) costs: internal, including internal personnel,amortization, non-budgeted costs (range of cost)
User costs (range of cost)
User savings (range of cost)
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Lessons from a bridge collapse
Highway I-5 Skagit River Bridge in Washington state on May 23, 2013.
Photograph: http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2013/05/25/us/BRIDGE/BRIDGE-articleLarge.jpg
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Lessons from a bridge collapse
• When infrastructure is judged “functionally obsolete,” inspect regularly .
Be prepared to do required maintenance or “reduce loadings.”
• When infrastructure is judged “fracture critical,” don’t be surprised when
it fails. In IT parlance, many single points of failure = failure prone!
• New design techniques can help us make our systems more fail-soft .
• Not always necessary to rebuild the entire system. You can often
preserve the components that are still in working order.
• Bridges use FHA Guide for Appraisal of Bridges. IT needs criteria to
measure and rate the health of our systems.
• There is never enough money to upgrade all infrastructure to the best
level. You must prioritize.
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For more information:“IT Infrastructure Projects: A Framework for
Analysis.” ECAR Research Bulletin, July 17, 2014
Email: [email protected]
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knowledge from this seminar
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